BACKGROUND Living donor kidney transplantation is the optimal method of long-term renal replacement therapy.Minimally invasive donor nephrectomy techniques,such as robot-assisted(RALDN)and hand-assisted(HALDN)laparosc...BACKGROUND Living donor kidney transplantation is the optimal method of long-term renal replacement therapy.Minimally invasive donor nephrectomy techniques,such as robot-assisted(RALDN)and hand-assisted(HALDN)laparoscopic procedures,are well-established in high-income countries and are being increasingly adopted worldwide.Nevertheless,no studies have reported surgical outcomes of RALDN donor nephrectomy from a United Kingdom center to date.AIM To compare surgical outcomes between RALDN and HALDN laparoscopic donor nephrectomy in a United Kingdom high-volume living kidney donor transplant program.METHODS A case-control matching analysis was performed based on the following parameters:Sex,age,body mass index,procedure laterality,number of renal arteries,and previous abdominal surgeries.Key surgical outcomes,including primary warm ischemia time,operative duration,and post-operative recovery,were evaluated.RESULTS In this cohort of 140 living donors(70 RALDN vs 70 HALDN),donor and recipient outcomes were equivalent across key metrics:Pain scores,overall complication rates,readmissions,reoperations,and creatinine levels at 30 days and 1 year.Recipient long-term renal function did not differ between groups.Operative time for RALDN decreased significantly over the study period,indicating progressive improvement along the learning curve.Although RALDN was associated with a modestly longer mean warm ischaemia time(3.53 minutes vs 2.76 minutes,P<0.001)and extended hospital stay(4.21 days vs 3.17 days,P<0.001),these did not translate into any disadvantage in clinical outcomes.CONCLUSION In this first United Kingdom comparative cohort,RALDN demonstrated excellent safety and efficacy,even in the early phase of our programme,matching the outcomes of the well-established,gold-standard HALDN approach.Moreover,the pronounced learning-curve trajectory suggests considerable potential for further improvements in robotic surgical outcomes as the programme matures.展开更多
The rise of the aging population parallels the rapidly increasing cases of neurological disorders. This puts pressure on scientists and physicians to find novel methods that can prevent and treat neurodegeneration. Th...The rise of the aging population parallels the rapidly increasing cases of neurological disorders. This puts pressure on scientists and physicians to find novel methods that can prevent and treat neurodegeneration. The brain is made up of a complex network of different cell types that work in tandem to maintain systemic homeostasis.展开更多
Regular expression matching is playing an important role in deep inspection. The rapid development of SDN and NFV makes the network more dynamic, bringing serious challenges to traditional deep inspection matching eng...Regular expression matching is playing an important role in deep inspection. The rapid development of SDN and NFV makes the network more dynamic, bringing serious challenges to traditional deep inspection matching engines. However, state-of-theart matching methods often require a significant amount of pre-processing time and hence are not suitable for this fast updating scenario. In this paper, a novel matching engine called BFA is proposed to achieve high-speed regular expression matching with fast pre-processing. Experiments demonstrate that BFA obtains 5 to 20 times more update abilities compared to existing regular expression matching methods, and scales well on multi-core platforms.展开更多
In order to carry out numerical simulation using geologic structural data obtained from Landmark(seismic interpretation system), underground geological structures are abstracted into mechanical models which can reflec...In order to carry out numerical simulation using geologic structural data obtained from Landmark(seismic interpretation system), underground geological structures are abstracted into mechanical models which can reflect actual situations and facilitate their computation and analyses.Given the importance of model building, further processing methods about traditional seismic interpretation results from Landmark should be studied and the processed result can then be directly used in numerical simulation computations.Through this data conversion procedure, Landmark and FLAC(the international general stress software) are seamlessly connected.Thus, the format conversion between the two systems and the pre-and post-processing in simulation computation is realized.A practical application indicates that this method has many advantages such as simple operation, high accuracy of the element subdivision and high speed, which may definitely satisfy the actual needs of floor grid cutting.展开更多
The Low Earth Orbit(LEO)remote sensing satellite mega-constellation has the characteristics of large quantity and various types which make it have unique superiority in the realization of concurrent multiple tasks.How...The Low Earth Orbit(LEO)remote sensing satellite mega-constellation has the characteristics of large quantity and various types which make it have unique superiority in the realization of concurrent multiple tasks.However,the complexity of resource allocation is increased because of the large number of tasks and satellites.Therefore,the primary problem of implementing concurrent multiple tasks via LEO mega-constellation is to pre-process tasks and observation re-sources.To address the challenge,we propose a pre-processing algorithm for the mega-constellation based on highly Dynamic Spatio-Temporal Grids(DSTG).In the first stage,this paper describes the management model of mega-constellation and the multiple tasks.Then,the coding method of DSTG is proposed,based on which the description of complex mega-constellation observation resources is realized.In the third part,the DSTG algorithm is used to realize the processing of concurrent multiple tasks at multiple levels,such as task space attribute,time attribute and grid task importance evaluation.Finally,the simulation result of the proposed method in the case of constellation has been given to verify the effectiveness of concurrent multi-task pre-processing based on DSTG.The autonomous processing process of task decomposition and task fusion and mapping to grids,and the convenient indexing process of time window are verified.展开更多
In order to meet the demands for high transmission rates and high service quality in broadband wireless communication systems, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing （OFDM） has been adopted in some standards. Ho...In order to meet the demands for high transmission rates and high service quality in broadband wireless communication systems, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing （OFDM） has been adopted in some standards. However, the inter-block interference （IBI） and inter-carrier interference （ICI） in an OFDM system affect the performance. To mitigate IBI and ICI, some pre-processing approaches have been proposed based on full channel state information （CSI）, which improved the system performance. A pre-processing filter based on partial CSI at the transmitter is designed and investigated. The filter coefficient is given by the optimization processing, the symbol error rate （SER） is tested, and the computation complexity of the proposed scheme is analyzed. Computer simulation results show that the proposed pre-processing filter can effectively mitigate IBI and ICI and the performance can be improved. Compared with pre-processing approaches at the transmitter based on full CSI, the proposed scheme has high spectral efficiency, limited CSI feedback and low computation complexity.展开更多
The Chang＇e-3 （CE-3） mission is China＇s first exploration mission on the surface of the Moon that uses a lander and a rover. Eight instruments that form the scientific payloads have the following objectives： （1...The Chang＇e-3 （CE-3） mission is China＇s first exploration mission on the surface of the Moon that uses a lander and a rover. Eight instruments that form the scientific payloads have the following objectives： （1） investigate the morphological features and geological structures at the landing site; （2） integrated in-situ analysis of minerals and chemical compositions; （3） integrated exploration of the structure of the lunar interior; （4） exploration of the lunar-terrestrial space environment, lunar sur- face environment and acquire Moon-based ultraviolet astronomical observations. The Ground Research and Application System （GRAS） is in charge of data acquisition and pre-processing, management of the payload in orbit, and managing the data products and their applications. The Data Pre-processing Subsystem （DPS） is a part of GRAS. The task of DPS is the pre-processing of raw data from the eight instruments that are part of CE-3, including channel processing, unpacking, package sorting, calibration and correction, identification of geographical location, calculation of probe azimuth angle, probe zenith angle, solar azimuth angle, and solar zenith angle and so on, and conducting quality checks. These processes produce Level 0, Level 1 and Level 2 data. The computing platform of this subsystem is comprised of a high-performance computing cluster, including a real-time subsystem used for processing Level 0 data and a post-time subsystem for generating Level 1 and Level 2 data. This paper de- scribes the CE-3 data pre-processing method, the data pre-processing subsystem, data classification, data validity and data products that are used for scientific studies.展开更多
High-resolution ice core records covering long time spans enable reconstruction of the past climatic and environmental conditions allowing the investigation of the earth system's evolution.Preprocessing of ice cor...High-resolution ice core records covering long time spans enable reconstruction of the past climatic and environmental conditions allowing the investigation of the earth system's evolution.Preprocessing of ice cores has direct impacts on the data quality control for further analysis since the conventional ice core processing is time-consuming,produces qualitative data,leads to ice mass loss,and leads to risks of potential secondary pollution.However,over the past several decades,preprocessing of ice cores has received less attention than the improvement of ice drilling,the analytical methodology of various indices,and the researches on the climatic and environmental significance of ice core records.Therefore,this papers reviews the development of the processing for ice cores including framework,design as well as materials,analyzes the technical advantages and disadvantages of the different systems.In the past,continuous flowanalysis(CFA)has been successfully applied to process the polar ice cores.However,it is not suitable for ice cores outside polar region because of high level of particles,the memory effect between samples,and the filtration before injection.Ice core processing is a subtle and professional operation due to the fragility of the nonmetallic materials and the random distribution of particles and air bubbles in ice cores,which aggravates uncertainty in the measurements.The future developments of CFA are discussed in preprocessing,memory effect,challenge for brittle ice,coupling with real-time analysis and optimization of CFA in the field.Furthermore,non-polluting cutters with many different configurations could be designed to cut and scrape in multiple directions and to separate inner and outer portions of the core.This system also needs to be coupled with streamlined operation of packaging,coding,and stacking that can be implemented at high resolution and rate,avoiding manual intervention.At the same time,information of the longitudinal sections could be scanned andidentified,and then classified to obtain quantitative data.In addition,irregular ice volume and weight can also be obtained accurately.These improvements are recorded automatically via user-friendly interfaces.These innovations may be applied to other paleomedias with similar features and needs.展开更多
Mathematical morphology is widely applicated in digital image procesing.Vari- ary morphology construction and algorithm being developed are used in deferent digital image processing.The basic idea of mathematical morp...Mathematical morphology is widely applicated in digital image procesing.Vari- ary morphology construction and algorithm being developed are used in deferent digital image processing.The basic idea of mathematical morphology is to use construction ele- ment measure image morphology for solving understand problem.The article presented advanced cellular neural network that forms mathematical morphological cellular neural network (MMCNN) equation to be suit for mathematical morphology filter.It gave the theo- ries of MMCNN dynamic extent and stable state.It is evidenced that arrived mathematical morphology filter through steady of dynamic process in definite condition.展开更多
There are a number of dirty data in observation data set derived from integrated ocean observing network system. Thus, the data must be carefully and reasonably processed before they are used for forecasting or analys...There are a number of dirty data in observation data set derived from integrated ocean observing network system. Thus, the data must be carefully and reasonably processed before they are used for forecasting or analysis. This paper proposes a data pre-processing model based on intelligent algorithms. Firstly, we introduce the integrated network platform of ocean observation. Next, the preprocessing model of data is presemed, and an imelligent cleaning model of data is proposed. Based on fuzzy clustering, the Kohonen clustering network is improved to fulfill the parallel calculation of fuzzy c-means clustering. The proposed dynamic algorithm can automatically f＇md the new clustering center with the updated sample data. The rapid and dynamic performance of the model makes it suitable for real time calculation, and the efficiency and accuracy of the model is proved by test results through observation data analysis.展开更多
A signal pre-processing method based on optimal variational mode decomposition(OVMD)is proposed to improve the efficiency and accuracy of local data filtering and analysis of edge nodes in distributed electromechanica...A signal pre-processing method based on optimal variational mode decomposition(OVMD)is proposed to improve the efficiency and accuracy of local data filtering and analysis of edge nodes in distributed electromechanical systems.Firstly,the singular points of original signals are eliminated effectively by using the first-order difference method.Then the OVMD method is applied for signal modal decomposition.Furthermore,correlation analysis is conducted to determine the degree of correlation between each mode and the original signal,so as to accurately separate the real operating signal from noise signal.On the basis of theoretical analysis and simulation,an edge node pre-processing system for distributed electromechanical system is designed.Finally,by virtue of the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and root-mean-square error(RMSE)indicators,the signal pre-processing effect is evaluated.The experimental results show that the OVMD-based edge node pre-processing system can extract signals with different characteristics and improve the SNR of reconstructed signals.Due to its high fidelity and reliability,this system can also provide data quality assurance for subsequent system health monitoring and fault diagnosis.展开更多
The solution of linear equation group can be applied to the oil exploration, the structure vibration analysis, the computational fluid dynamics, and other fields. When we make the in-depth analysis of some large or ve...The solution of linear equation group can be applied to the oil exploration, the structure vibration analysis, the computational fluid dynamics, and other fields. When we make the in-depth analysis of some large or very large complicated structures, we must use the parallel algorithm with the aid of high-performance computers to solve complex problems. This paper introduces the implementation process having the parallel with sparse linear equations from the perspective of sparse linear equation group.展开更多
Microarray data is inherently noisy due to the noise contaminated from various sources during the preparation of microarray slide and thus it greatly affects the accuracy of the gene expression. How to eliminate the e...Microarray data is inherently noisy due to the noise contaminated from various sources during the preparation of microarray slide and thus it greatly affects the accuracy of the gene expression. How to eliminate the effect of the noise constitutes a challenging problem in microarray analysis. Efficient denoising is often a necessary and the first step to be taken before the image data is analyzed to compensate for data corruption and for effective utilization for these data. Hence preprocessing of microarray image is an essential to eliminate the background noise in order to enhance the image quality and effective quantification. Existing denoising techniques based on transformed domain have been utilized for microarray noise reduction with their own limitations. The objective of this paper is to introduce novel preprocessing techniques such as optimized spatial resolution (OSR) and spatial domain filtering (SDF) for reduction of noise from microarray data and reduction of error during quantification process for estimating the microarray spots accurately to determine expression level of genes. Besides combined optimized spatial resolution and spatial filtering is proposed and found improved denoising of microarray data with effective quantification of spots. The proposed method has been validated in microarray images of gene expression profiles of Myeloid Leukemia using Stanford Microarray Database with various quality measures such as signal to noise ratio, peak signal to noise ratio, image fidelity, structural content, absolute average difference and correlation quality. It was observed by quantitative analysis that the proposed technique is more efficient for denoising the microarray image which enables to make it suitable for effective quantification.展开更多
The new energy power generation is becoming increasingly important in the power system.Such as photovoltaic power generation has become a research hotspot,however,due to the characteristics of light radiation changes,...The new energy power generation is becoming increasingly important in the power system.Such as photovoltaic power generation has become a research hotspot,however,due to the characteristics of light radiation changes,photovoltaic power generation is unstable and random,resulting in a low utilization rate and directly affecting the stability of the power grid.To solve this problem,this paper proposes a coordinated control strategy for a newenergy power generation system with a hybrid energy storage unit based on the lithium iron phosphate-supercapacitor hybrid energy storage unit.Firstly,the variational mode decomposition algorithm is used to separate the high and low frequencies of the power signal,which is conducive to the rapid and accurate suppression of the power fluctuation of the energy storage system.Secondly,the fuzzy control algorithm is introduced to balance the power between energy storage.In this paper,the actual data is used for simulation,and the simulation results show that the strategy realizes the effective suppression of the bus voltage fluctuation and the accurate control of the internal state of the energy storage unit,effectively avoiding problems such as overshoot and over-discharge,and can significantly improve the stability of the photovoltaic power generation systemand the stability of the Direct Current bus.It is of great significance to promote the development of collaborative control technology for photovoltaic hybrid energy storage units.展开更多
BACKGROUND The need for an emergency upgrade of a hospitalized trauma patient from the floor to the trauma intensive care unit(ICU)is an unanticipated event with possible life-threatening consequences.Unplanned ICU ad...BACKGROUND The need for an emergency upgrade of a hospitalized trauma patient from the floor to the trauma intensive care unit(ICU)is an unanticipated event with possible life-threatening consequences.Unplanned ICU admissions are associated with increased morbidity and mortality and are an indicator of trauma service quality.Two different types of unplanned ICU admissions include upgrades(patients admitted to the floor then moved to the ICU)and bounce backs(patients admitted to the ICU,discharged to the floor,and then readmitted to the ICU).Previous studies have shown that geriatric trauma patients are at higher risk for unfavorable outcomes.AIM To analyze the characteristics,management and outcomes of trauma patients who had an unplanned ICU admission during their hospitalization.METHODS This institutional review board approved,retrospective cohort study examined 203 adult trauma patients with unplanned ICU admission at an urban level 1 trauma center over a six-year period(2017-2023).This included 134 upgrades and 69 bounce backs.Analyzed variables included:(1)Age;(2)Sex;(3)Comorbidities;(4)Mechanism of injury(MOI);(5)Injury severity score(ISS);(6)Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS);(7)Type of injury;(8)Transfusions;(9)Consultations;(10)Timing and reason for unplanned admission;(11)Intubations;(12)Surgical interventions;(13)ICU and hospital lengths of stay;and(14)Mortality.RESULTS Unplanned ICU admissions comprised 4.2%of total ICU admissions.Main MOI was falls.Mean age was 70.7 years,ISS was 12.8 and GCS was 13.9.Main injuries were traumatic brain injury(37.4%)and thoracic injury(21.7%),and main reason for unplanned ICU admission was respiratory complication(39.4%).The 47.3%underwent a surgical procedure and 46.8%were intubated.Average timing for unplanned ICU admission was 2.9 days.Bounce backs occurred half as often as upgrades,however had higher rates of transfusions(63.8%vs 40.3%,P=0.002),consultations(4.8 vs 3.0,P<0.001),intubations(63.8%vs 38.1%%,P=0.001),longer ICU lengths of stay(13.2 days vs 6.4 days,P<0.001)and hospital lengths of stay(26.7 days vs 13.0 days,P<0.001).Mortality was 25.6%among unplanned ICU admissions,31.9%among geriatric unplanned ICU admissions and 11.9%among all trauma ICU patients.CONCLUSION Unplanned ICU admissions constituted 4.2%of total ICU admissions.Respiratory complications were the main cause of unplanned ICU admissions.Bounce backs occurred half as often as upgrades,but were associated with worse outcomes.展开更多
BACKGROUND As red blood cell distribution width(RDW)and albumin have been shown to be independent predictors of mortality from various diseases,this study aimed to investigate the effect of the RDW to albumin ratio(RA...BACKGROUND As red blood cell distribution width(RDW)and albumin have been shown to be independent predictors of mortality from various diseases,this study aimed to investigate the effect of the RDW to albumin ratio(RA)as an independent predictor of the prognosis of patients admitted to the coronary care unit(CCU).AIM To use the RDW and albumin level to predict the prognosis of patients in the CCU.METHODS Data were obtained from the Medical Information Mart Intensive Care III database.The primary outcome was 365-day all-cause mortality,whereas the secondary outcomes were 30-and 90-day all-cause mortality,hospital length of stay(LOS),and CCU LOS.Cox proportional hazards regression model,propen-sity score matching,and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were used.RESULTS The hazard ratio(95%confidence interval)of the upper tertile(RA>4.66)was 1.62(1.29 to 2.03)when compared with the reference(RA<3.84)in 365-day all-cause mortality.This trend persisted after adjusting for demographic and clinical variables in the propensity score-matching analysis.Similar trends were observed for the secondary outcomes of hospital and CCU LOS.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed by combining the RA and sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA)scores,and the C-statistic was higher than that of the SOFA scores(0.733 vs 0.702,P<0.001).CONCLUSION RA is an independent prognostic factor in patients admitted to the CCU.RA combined with the SOFA score can improve the predictive ability of the SOFA score.However,our results should be verified in future prospective studies.展开更多
BACKGROUND Newborns are immediately admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)after birth,and thus mothers suffer from the pain of mother-infant separation.Some mothers worry about alterations in their child’...BACKGROUND Newborns are immediately admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)after birth,and thus mothers suffer from the pain of mother-infant separation.Some mothers worry about alterations in their child’s condition and the uncertainty and high medical costs of possible sequelae,which frequently cause anxiety,depression,and other adverse emotions.AIM To investigate the anxiety and depression status of mothers of children in the NICU and its related factors.METHODS A convenient sampling method is adopted.The research objects included the mothers of 191 children in the NICU of Suzhou Ninth Hospital Affiliated with Suzhou University from January 2023 to July 2024.The general information questionnaire,personal control scale,self-rating anxiety scale,and self-rating depression scale were utilized for investigation.Anxiety and depression status in mothers of children in the NICU and its related factors were analyzed.RESULTS The incidences of maternal anxiety and depression among 191 hospitalized children in the NICU were 32.98%(63/191)and 23.56%(45/191),respectively.Single-factor analysis reveals that family monthly income,individual sense of control,gestational age of the child,and the number of diseases in the child are associated with the anxiety and depression experienced by the mother of the child in the NICU(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that family monthly income of<5000 yuan(RMB),poor individual control,gestational age of<32 weeks,and the number of diseases of≥3 kinds are all related factors for anxiety and depression in mothers of children admitted to the NICU(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Mothers of children admitted to the NICU demonstrated high anxiety and depression incidences.The nursing staff in the neonatal department established intervention measures for each related factor,strengthened communication and communication with the mother of the child,and did a good job in psychological counseling.展开更多
Large-scale new energy grid connection leads to the weakening of the system frequency regulation capability,and the system frequency stability is facing unprecedented challenges.In order to solve rapid frequency fluct...Large-scale new energy grid connection leads to the weakening of the system frequency regulation capability,and the system frequency stability is facing unprecedented challenges.In order to solve rapid frequency fluctuation caused by new energy units,this paper proposes a new energy power system frequency regulation strategy with multiple units including the doubly-fed pumped storage unit(DFPSU).Firstly,based on the model predictive control(MPC)theory,the state space equations are established by considering the operating characteristics of the units and the dynamic behavior of the system;secondly,the proportional-differential control link is introduced to minimize the frequency deviation to further optimize the frequency modulation(FM)output of the DFPSU and inhibit the rapid fluctuation of the frequency;lastly,it is verified on theMatlab/Simulink simulation platform,and the results show that the model predictive control with proportional-differential control link can further release the FM potential of the DFPSU,increase the depth of its FM,effectively reduce the frequency deviation of the system and its rate of change,realize the optimization of the active output of the DFPSU and that of other units,and improve the frequency response capability of the system.展开更多
Typhoons can cause large-area blackouts or partial outages of distribution networks.We define a partial outage state in the distribution network as a gray state and propose a gray-start strategy and two-stage distribu...Typhoons can cause large-area blackouts or partial outages of distribution networks.We define a partial outage state in the distribution network as a gray state and propose a gray-start strategy and two-stage distribution network emergency recovery framework.A phase-space reconstruction and stacked integrated model for predicting wind and photovoltaic generation during typhoon disasters is proposed in the first stage.This provides guidance for second-stage post-disaster emergency recovery scheduling.The emergency recovery scheduling model is established in the second stage,and this model is supported by a thermal power-generating unit,mobile emergency generators,and distributed generators.Distributed generation includes wind power generation,photovoltaics,fuel cells,etc.Simultaneously,we con-sider the gray-start based on the pumped storage unit to be an important first step in the emergency recovery strategy.This model is val-idated on the improved IEEE 33 node system,which utilizes data from the 2022 super typhoon“Muifa”in Zhoushan,Zhejiang,China.Simulations indicate the superiority of a gray start with a pumped storage unit and the proposed emergency recovery strategy.展开更多
在一个经过篡改的视频可以传播虚假信息、欺凌他人和煽动负面情绪的时代,加州大学河滨分校和谷歌的研究人员联合开发了“通用篡改与合成视频识别网络”(Universal Network for Identifying Tampered and synth Etic videos, UNITE)的新...在一个经过篡改的视频可以传播虚假信息、欺凌他人和煽动负面情绪的时代,加州大学河滨分校和谷歌的研究人员联合开发了“通用篡改与合成视频识别网络”(Universal Network for Identifying Tampered and synth Etic videos, UNITE)的新系统来揭露这些伪造视频。即使在人脸不可见的情况下,该系统依然能检测深度伪造视频。通过扫描背景、运动和细微线索来识别视频是否伪造。随着虚假内容越来越容易生成且越来越难以检测,该工具可能成为新闻编辑室和社交媒体平台努力捍卫真相的必备武器。展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Living donor kidney transplantation is the optimal method of long-term renal replacement therapy.Minimally invasive donor nephrectomy techniques,such as robot-assisted(RALDN)and hand-assisted(HALDN)laparoscopic procedures,are well-established in high-income countries and are being increasingly adopted worldwide.Nevertheless,no studies have reported surgical outcomes of RALDN donor nephrectomy from a United Kingdom center to date.AIM To compare surgical outcomes between RALDN and HALDN laparoscopic donor nephrectomy in a United Kingdom high-volume living kidney donor transplant program.METHODS A case-control matching analysis was performed based on the following parameters:Sex,age,body mass index,procedure laterality,number of renal arteries,and previous abdominal surgeries.Key surgical outcomes,including primary warm ischemia time,operative duration,and post-operative recovery,were evaluated.RESULTS In this cohort of 140 living donors(70 RALDN vs 70 HALDN),donor and recipient outcomes were equivalent across key metrics:Pain scores,overall complication rates,readmissions,reoperations,and creatinine levels at 30 days and 1 year.Recipient long-term renal function did not differ between groups.Operative time for RALDN decreased significantly over the study period,indicating progressive improvement along the learning curve.Although RALDN was associated with a modestly longer mean warm ischaemia time(3.53 minutes vs 2.76 minutes,P<0.001)and extended hospital stay(4.21 days vs 3.17 days,P<0.001),these did not translate into any disadvantage in clinical outcomes.CONCLUSION In this first United Kingdom comparative cohort,RALDN demonstrated excellent safety and efficacy,even in the early phase of our programme,matching the outcomes of the well-established,gold-standard HALDN approach.Moreover,the pronounced learning-curve trajectory suggests considerable potential for further improvements in robotic surgical outcomes as the programme matures.
文摘The rise of the aging population parallels the rapidly increasing cases of neurological disorders. This puts pressure on scientists and physicians to find novel methods that can prevent and treat neurodegeneration. The brain is made up of a complex network of different cell types that work in tandem to maintain systemic homeostasis.
基金supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program of China under Grant No. 2015BAK34B00the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No. 2016YFB1000102
文摘Regular expression matching is playing an important role in deep inspection. The rapid development of SDN and NFV makes the network more dynamic, bringing serious challenges to traditional deep inspection matching engines. However, state-of-theart matching methods often require a significant amount of pre-processing time and hence are not suitable for this fast updating scenario. In this paper, a novel matching engine called BFA is proposed to achieve high-speed regular expression matching with fast pre-processing. Experiments demonstrate that BFA obtains 5 to 20 times more update abilities compared to existing regular expression matching methods, and scales well on multi-core platforms.
基金Projects 50221402, 50490271 and 50025413 supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of Chinathe National Basic Research Program of China (2009CB219603, 2009 CB724601, 2006CB202209 and 2005CB221500)+1 种基金the Key Project of the Ministry of Education (306002)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Teams in Universities of MOE (IRT0408)
文摘In order to carry out numerical simulation using geologic structural data obtained from Landmark(seismic interpretation system), underground geological structures are abstracted into mechanical models which can reflect actual situations and facilitate their computation and analyses.Given the importance of model building, further processing methods about traditional seismic interpretation results from Landmark should be studied and the processed result can then be directly used in numerical simulation computations.Through this data conversion procedure, Landmark and FLAC(the international general stress software) are seamlessly connected.Thus, the format conversion between the two systems and the pre-and post-processing in simulation computation is realized.A practical application indicates that this method has many advantages such as simple operation, high accuracy of the element subdivision and high speed, which may definitely satisfy the actual needs of floor grid cutting.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62003115 and 11972130)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program,China(JCYJ20220818102207015)the Heilongjiang Touyan Team Program,China。
文摘The Low Earth Orbit(LEO)remote sensing satellite mega-constellation has the characteristics of large quantity and various types which make it have unique superiority in the realization of concurrent multiple tasks.However,the complexity of resource allocation is increased because of the large number of tasks and satellites.Therefore,the primary problem of implementing concurrent multiple tasks via LEO mega-constellation is to pre-process tasks and observation re-sources.To address the challenge,we propose a pre-processing algorithm for the mega-constellation based on highly Dynamic Spatio-Temporal Grids(DSTG).In the first stage,this paper describes the management model of mega-constellation and the multiple tasks.Then,the coding method of DSTG is proposed,based on which the description of complex mega-constellation observation resources is realized.In the third part,the DSTG algorithm is used to realize the processing of concurrent multiple tasks at multiple levels,such as task space attribute,time attribute and grid task importance evaluation.Finally,the simulation result of the proposed method in the case of constellation has been given to verify the effectiveness of concurrent multi-task pre-processing based on DSTG.The autonomous processing process of task decomposition and task fusion and mapping to grids,and the convenient indexing process of time window are verified.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(60902045)the National High-Tech Research and Developmeent Program of China(863 Program)(2011AA01A105)
文摘In order to meet the demands for high transmission rates and high service quality in broadband wireless communication systems, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing （OFDM） has been adopted in some standards. However, the inter-block interference （IBI） and inter-carrier interference （ICI） in an OFDM system affect the performance. To mitigate IBI and ICI, some pre-processing approaches have been proposed based on full channel state information （CSI）, which improved the system performance. A pre-processing filter based on partial CSI at the transmitter is designed and investigated. The filter coefficient is given by the optimization processing, the symbol error rate （SER） is tested, and the computation complexity of the proposed scheme is analyzed. Computer simulation results show that the proposed pre-processing filter can effectively mitigate IBI and ICI and the performance can be improved. Compared with pre-processing approaches at the transmitter based on full CSI, the proposed scheme has high spectral efficiency, limited CSI feedback and low computation complexity.
文摘The Chang＇e-3 （CE-3） mission is China＇s first exploration mission on the surface of the Moon that uses a lander and a rover. Eight instruments that form the scientific payloads have the following objectives： （1） investigate the morphological features and geological structures at the landing site; （2） integrated in-situ analysis of minerals and chemical compositions; （3） integrated exploration of the structure of the lunar interior; （4） exploration of the lunar-terrestrial space environment, lunar sur- face environment and acquire Moon-based ultraviolet astronomical observations. The Ground Research and Application System （GRAS） is in charge of data acquisition and pre-processing, management of the payload in orbit, and managing the data products and their applications. The Data Pre-processing Subsystem （DPS） is a part of GRAS. The task of DPS is the pre-processing of raw data from the eight instruments that are part of CE-3, including channel processing, unpacking, package sorting, calibration and correction, identification of geographical location, calculation of probe azimuth angle, probe zenith angle, solar azimuth angle, and solar zenith angle and so on, and conducting quality checks. These processes produce Level 0, Level 1 and Level 2 data. The computing platform of this subsystem is comprised of a high-performance computing cluster, including a real-time subsystem used for processing Level 0 data and a post-time subsystem for generating Level 1 and Level 2 data. This paper de- scribes the CE-3 data pre-processing method, the data pre-processing subsystem, data classification, data validity and data products that are used for scientific studies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41630754)the State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science(SKLCS-ZZ-2017)CAS Key Technology Talent Program and Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering(2017490711)
文摘High-resolution ice core records covering long time spans enable reconstruction of the past climatic and environmental conditions allowing the investigation of the earth system's evolution.Preprocessing of ice cores has direct impacts on the data quality control for further analysis since the conventional ice core processing is time-consuming,produces qualitative data,leads to ice mass loss,and leads to risks of potential secondary pollution.However,over the past several decades,preprocessing of ice cores has received less attention than the improvement of ice drilling,the analytical methodology of various indices,and the researches on the climatic and environmental significance of ice core records.Therefore,this papers reviews the development of the processing for ice cores including framework,design as well as materials,analyzes the technical advantages and disadvantages of the different systems.In the past,continuous flowanalysis(CFA)has been successfully applied to process the polar ice cores.However,it is not suitable for ice cores outside polar region because of high level of particles,the memory effect between samples,and the filtration before injection.Ice core processing is a subtle and professional operation due to the fragility of the nonmetallic materials and the random distribution of particles and air bubbles in ice cores,which aggravates uncertainty in the measurements.The future developments of CFA are discussed in preprocessing,memory effect,challenge for brittle ice,coupling with real-time analysis and optimization of CFA in the field.Furthermore,non-polluting cutters with many different configurations could be designed to cut and scrape in multiple directions and to separate inner and outer portions of the core.This system also needs to be coupled with streamlined operation of packaging,coding,and stacking that can be implemented at high resolution and rate,avoiding manual intervention.At the same time,information of the longitudinal sections could be scanned andidentified,and then classified to obtain quantitative data.In addition,irregular ice volume and weight can also be obtained accurately.These improvements are recorded automatically via user-friendly interfaces.These innovations may be applied to other paleomedias with similar features and needs.
文摘Mathematical morphology is widely applicated in digital image procesing.Vari- ary morphology construction and algorithm being developed are used in deferent digital image processing.The basic idea of mathematical morphology is to use construction ele- ment measure image morphology for solving understand problem.The article presented advanced cellular neural network that forms mathematical morphological cellular neural network (MMCNN) equation to be suit for mathematical morphology filter.It gave the theo- ries of MMCNN dynamic extent and stable state.It is evidenced that arrived mathematical morphology filter through steady of dynamic process in definite condition.
基金Key Science and Technology Project of the Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology, China (No.06dz1200921)Major Basic Research Project of the Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology(No.08JC1400100)+1 种基金Shanghai Talent Developing Foundation, China(No.001)Specialized Foundation for Excellent Talent of Shanghai,China
文摘There are a number of dirty data in observation data set derived from integrated ocean observing network system. Thus, the data must be carefully and reasonably processed before they are used for forecasting or analysis. This paper proposes a data pre-processing model based on intelligent algorithms. Firstly, we introduce the integrated network platform of ocean observation. Next, the preprocessing model of data is presemed, and an imelligent cleaning model of data is proposed. Based on fuzzy clustering, the Kohonen clustering network is improved to fulfill the parallel calculation of fuzzy c-means clustering. The proposed dynamic algorithm can automatically f＇md the new clustering center with the updated sample data. The rapid and dynamic performance of the model makes it suitable for real time calculation, and the efficiency and accuracy of the model is proved by test results through observation data analysis.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61903291)Industrialization Project of Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education(No.18JC018)。
文摘A signal pre-processing method based on optimal variational mode decomposition(OVMD)is proposed to improve the efficiency and accuracy of local data filtering and analysis of edge nodes in distributed electromechanical systems.Firstly,the singular points of original signals are eliminated effectively by using the first-order difference method.Then the OVMD method is applied for signal modal decomposition.Furthermore,correlation analysis is conducted to determine the degree of correlation between each mode and the original signal,so as to accurately separate the real operating signal from noise signal.On the basis of theoretical analysis and simulation,an edge node pre-processing system for distributed electromechanical system is designed.Finally,by virtue of the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and root-mean-square error(RMSE)indicators,the signal pre-processing effect is evaluated.The experimental results show that the OVMD-based edge node pre-processing system can extract signals with different characteristics and improve the SNR of reconstructed signals.Due to its high fidelity and reliability,this system can also provide data quality assurance for subsequent system health monitoring and fault diagnosis.
文摘The solution of linear equation group can be applied to the oil exploration, the structure vibration analysis, the computational fluid dynamics, and other fields. When we make the in-depth analysis of some large or very large complicated structures, we must use the parallel algorithm with the aid of high-performance computers to solve complex problems. This paper introduces the implementation process having the parallel with sparse linear equations from the perspective of sparse linear equation group.
文摘Microarray data is inherently noisy due to the noise contaminated from various sources during the preparation of microarray slide and thus it greatly affects the accuracy of the gene expression. How to eliminate the effect of the noise constitutes a challenging problem in microarray analysis. Efficient denoising is often a necessary and the first step to be taken before the image data is analyzed to compensate for data corruption and for effective utilization for these data. Hence preprocessing of microarray image is an essential to eliminate the background noise in order to enhance the image quality and effective quantification. Existing denoising techniques based on transformed domain have been utilized for microarray noise reduction with their own limitations. The objective of this paper is to introduce novel preprocessing techniques such as optimized spatial resolution (OSR) and spatial domain filtering (SDF) for reduction of noise from microarray data and reduction of error during quantification process for estimating the microarray spots accurately to determine expression level of genes. Besides combined optimized spatial resolution and spatial filtering is proposed and found improved denoising of microarray data with effective quantification of spots. The proposed method has been validated in microarray images of gene expression profiles of Myeloid Leukemia using Stanford Microarray Database with various quality measures such as signal to noise ratio, peak signal to noise ratio, image fidelity, structural content, absolute average difference and correlation quality. It was observed by quantitative analysis that the proposed technique is more efficient for denoising the microarray image which enables to make it suitable for effective quantification.
基金supported by the State Grid Corporation of China Science and Technology Project,grant number 52270723000900K.
文摘The new energy power generation is becoming increasingly important in the power system.Such as photovoltaic power generation has become a research hotspot,however,due to the characteristics of light radiation changes,photovoltaic power generation is unstable and random,resulting in a low utilization rate and directly affecting the stability of the power grid.To solve this problem,this paper proposes a coordinated control strategy for a newenergy power generation system with a hybrid energy storage unit based on the lithium iron phosphate-supercapacitor hybrid energy storage unit.Firstly,the variational mode decomposition algorithm is used to separate the high and low frequencies of the power signal,which is conducive to the rapid and accurate suppression of the power fluctuation of the energy storage system.Secondly,the fuzzy control algorithm is introduced to balance the power between energy storage.In this paper,the actual data is used for simulation,and the simulation results show that the strategy realizes the effective suppression of the bus voltage fluctuation and the accurate control of the internal state of the energy storage unit,effectively avoiding problems such as overshoot and over-discharge,and can significantly improve the stability of the photovoltaic power generation systemand the stability of the Direct Current bus.It is of great significance to promote the development of collaborative control technology for photovoltaic hybrid energy storage units.
文摘BACKGROUND The need for an emergency upgrade of a hospitalized trauma patient from the floor to the trauma intensive care unit(ICU)is an unanticipated event with possible life-threatening consequences.Unplanned ICU admissions are associated with increased morbidity and mortality and are an indicator of trauma service quality.Two different types of unplanned ICU admissions include upgrades(patients admitted to the floor then moved to the ICU)and bounce backs(patients admitted to the ICU,discharged to the floor,and then readmitted to the ICU).Previous studies have shown that geriatric trauma patients are at higher risk for unfavorable outcomes.AIM To analyze the characteristics,management and outcomes of trauma patients who had an unplanned ICU admission during their hospitalization.METHODS This institutional review board approved,retrospective cohort study examined 203 adult trauma patients with unplanned ICU admission at an urban level 1 trauma center over a six-year period(2017-2023).This included 134 upgrades and 69 bounce backs.Analyzed variables included:(1)Age;(2)Sex;(3)Comorbidities;(4)Mechanism of injury(MOI);(5)Injury severity score(ISS);(6)Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS);(7)Type of injury;(8)Transfusions;(9)Consultations;(10)Timing and reason for unplanned admission;(11)Intubations;(12)Surgical interventions;(13)ICU and hospital lengths of stay;and(14)Mortality.RESULTS Unplanned ICU admissions comprised 4.2%of total ICU admissions.Main MOI was falls.Mean age was 70.7 years,ISS was 12.8 and GCS was 13.9.Main injuries were traumatic brain injury(37.4%)and thoracic injury(21.7%),and main reason for unplanned ICU admission was respiratory complication(39.4%).The 47.3%underwent a surgical procedure and 46.8%were intubated.Average timing for unplanned ICU admission was 2.9 days.Bounce backs occurred half as often as upgrades,however had higher rates of transfusions(63.8%vs 40.3%,P=0.002),consultations(4.8 vs 3.0,P<0.001),intubations(63.8%vs 38.1%%,P=0.001),longer ICU lengths of stay(13.2 days vs 6.4 days,P<0.001)and hospital lengths of stay(26.7 days vs 13.0 days,P<0.001).Mortality was 25.6%among unplanned ICU admissions,31.9%among geriatric unplanned ICU admissions and 11.9%among all trauma ICU patients.CONCLUSION Unplanned ICU admissions constituted 4.2%of total ICU admissions.Respiratory complications were the main cause of unplanned ICU admissions.Bounce backs occurred half as often as upgrades,but were associated with worse outcomes.
文摘BACKGROUND As red blood cell distribution width(RDW)and albumin have been shown to be independent predictors of mortality from various diseases,this study aimed to investigate the effect of the RDW to albumin ratio(RA)as an independent predictor of the prognosis of patients admitted to the coronary care unit(CCU).AIM To use the RDW and albumin level to predict the prognosis of patients in the CCU.METHODS Data were obtained from the Medical Information Mart Intensive Care III database.The primary outcome was 365-day all-cause mortality,whereas the secondary outcomes were 30-and 90-day all-cause mortality,hospital length of stay(LOS),and CCU LOS.Cox proportional hazards regression model,propen-sity score matching,and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were used.RESULTS The hazard ratio(95%confidence interval)of the upper tertile(RA>4.66)was 1.62(1.29 to 2.03)when compared with the reference(RA<3.84)in 365-day all-cause mortality.This trend persisted after adjusting for demographic and clinical variables in the propensity score-matching analysis.Similar trends were observed for the secondary outcomes of hospital and CCU LOS.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed by combining the RA and sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA)scores,and the C-statistic was higher than that of the SOFA scores(0.733 vs 0.702,P<0.001).CONCLUSION RA is an independent prognostic factor in patients admitted to the CCU.RA combined with the SOFA score can improve the predictive ability of the SOFA score.However,our results should be verified in future prospective studies.
文摘BACKGROUND Newborns are immediately admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)after birth,and thus mothers suffer from the pain of mother-infant separation.Some mothers worry about alterations in their child’s condition and the uncertainty and high medical costs of possible sequelae,which frequently cause anxiety,depression,and other adverse emotions.AIM To investigate the anxiety and depression status of mothers of children in the NICU and its related factors.METHODS A convenient sampling method is adopted.The research objects included the mothers of 191 children in the NICU of Suzhou Ninth Hospital Affiliated with Suzhou University from January 2023 to July 2024.The general information questionnaire,personal control scale,self-rating anxiety scale,and self-rating depression scale were utilized for investigation.Anxiety and depression status in mothers of children in the NICU and its related factors were analyzed.RESULTS The incidences of maternal anxiety and depression among 191 hospitalized children in the NICU were 32.98%(63/191)and 23.56%(45/191),respectively.Single-factor analysis reveals that family monthly income,individual sense of control,gestational age of the child,and the number of diseases in the child are associated with the anxiety and depression experienced by the mother of the child in the NICU(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that family monthly income of<5000 yuan(RMB),poor individual control,gestational age of<32 weeks,and the number of diseases of≥3 kinds are all related factors for anxiety and depression in mothers of children admitted to the NICU(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Mothers of children admitted to the NICU demonstrated high anxiety and depression incidences.The nursing staff in the neonatal department established intervention measures for each related factor,strengthened communication and communication with the mother of the child,and did a good job in psychological counseling.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project No.52377082)the Scientific Research Program of Jilin Provincial Department of Education(Project No.JJKH20230123KJ).
文摘Large-scale new energy grid connection leads to the weakening of the system frequency regulation capability,and the system frequency stability is facing unprecedented challenges.In order to solve rapid frequency fluctuation caused by new energy units,this paper proposes a new energy power system frequency regulation strategy with multiple units including the doubly-fed pumped storage unit(DFPSU).Firstly,based on the model predictive control(MPC)theory,the state space equations are established by considering the operating characteristics of the units and the dynamic behavior of the system;secondly,the proportional-differential control link is introduced to minimize the frequency deviation to further optimize the frequency modulation(FM)output of the DFPSU and inhibit the rapid fluctuation of the frequency;lastly,it is verified on theMatlab/Simulink simulation platform,and the results show that the model predictive control with proportional-differential control link can further release the FM potential of the DFPSU,increase the depth of its FM,effectively reduce the frequency deviation of the system and its rate of change,realize the optimization of the active output of the DFPSU and that of other units,and improve the frequency response capability of the system.
基金supported in part by the National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China(52177110)Key Pro-gram of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22B20106,U2142206)+2 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(JCYJ20210324131409026)the Science and Technology Project of the State Grid Corpo-ration of China(5200-202319382A-2-3-XG)State Grid Zhejiang Elctric Power Co.,Ltd.Science and Tech-nology Project(B311DS24001A).
文摘Typhoons can cause large-area blackouts or partial outages of distribution networks.We define a partial outage state in the distribution network as a gray state and propose a gray-start strategy and two-stage distribution network emergency recovery framework.A phase-space reconstruction and stacked integrated model for predicting wind and photovoltaic generation during typhoon disasters is proposed in the first stage.This provides guidance for second-stage post-disaster emergency recovery scheduling.The emergency recovery scheduling model is established in the second stage,and this model is supported by a thermal power-generating unit,mobile emergency generators,and distributed generators.Distributed generation includes wind power generation,photovoltaics,fuel cells,etc.Simultaneously,we con-sider the gray-start based on the pumped storage unit to be an important first step in the emergency recovery strategy.This model is val-idated on the improved IEEE 33 node system,which utilizes data from the 2022 super typhoon“Muifa”in Zhoushan,Zhejiang,China.Simulations indicate the superiority of a gray start with a pumped storage unit and the proposed emergency recovery strategy.
文摘在一个经过篡改的视频可以传播虚假信息、欺凌他人和煽动负面情绪的时代,加州大学河滨分校和谷歌的研究人员联合开发了“通用篡改与合成视频识别网络”(Universal Network for Identifying Tampered and synth Etic videos, UNITE)的新系统来揭露这些伪造视频。即使在人脸不可见的情况下,该系统依然能检测深度伪造视频。通过扫描背景、运动和细微线索来识别视频是否伪造。随着虚假内容越来越容易生成且越来越难以检测,该工具可能成为新闻编辑室和社交媒体平台努力捍卫真相的必备武器。
