Objective To understand the pre-pregnancy health knowledge and service needs among un-pregnant married women in Shanghai. Methods A total of 968 newly-married un-pregnant women in Changqiao, Lingyun sub-districts and ...Objective To understand the pre-pregnancy health knowledge and service needs among un-pregnant married women in Shanghai. Methods A total of 968 newly-married un-pregnant women in Changqiao, Lingyun sub-districts and Huajing town of Xuhui district, Shanghai, were recruited and interviewed by structured questionnaire to collect the information on pre-pregnancy health knowledge and service demands. Results 1） Newly-married women thought the contraceptive methods suitable for them was male condom（84.4%）, followed by oral contraceptives（54%）, emergent contraceptive（52.5%） and contraceptive suppository （48.3%）. 2） The score of pre-pregnancy health knowledge was 54.7±14.5 among the subjects. The participants with junior college or a bachelor had more knowledge than those with junior or senior high school, and those who were engaged in medicine /education/science field had higher score. 3） They had higher knowing rate on the common knowledge, and the rate was above 80%. But the knowing rate on the knowledge of birth defect was low, and all below 50%. 4）A proportion of 52. 7% of the respondents knew that there was a station for reproductive health service in their communities, but only 45.5% received the service from the station, 87.0% thought they had insufficient or scarce knowledge, 73.6% planned to consult before pregnancy training courses on preparing pregnancy. and 63.6% were willing to attend the Conclusion The participants had certain pre-pregnancy health knowledge, but still need being improved,＂ in addition, they had higher needs on knowledge and service of birth defect prevention, at the same time they can＇t make full use of the existing reproductive health institution.展开更多
With the widespread use of social media,the propagation of health-related rumors has become a significant public health threat.Existing methods for detecting health rumors predominantly rely on external knowledge or p...With the widespread use of social media,the propagation of health-related rumors has become a significant public health threat.Existing methods for detecting health rumors predominantly rely on external knowledge or propagation structures,with only a few recent approaches attempting causal inference;however,these have not yet effectively integrated causal discovery with domain-specific knowledge graphs for detecting health rumors.In this study,we found that the combined use of causal discovery and domain-specific knowledge graphs can effectively identify implicit pseudo-causal logic embedded within texts,holding significant potential for health rumor detection.To this end,we propose CKDG—a dual-graph fusion framework based on causal logic and medical knowledge graphs.CKDG constructs a weighted causal graph to capture the implicit causal relationships in the text and introduces a medical knowledge graph to verify semantic consistency,thereby enhancing the ability to identify the misuse of professional terminology and pseudoscientific claims.In experiments conducted on a dataset comprising 8430 health rumors,CKDG achieved an accuracy of 91.28%and an F1 score of 90.38%,representing improvements of 5.11%and 3.29%over the best baseline,respectively.Our results indicate that the integrated use of causal discovery and domainspecific knowledge graphs offers significant advantages for health rumor detection systems.This method not only improves detection performance but also enhances the transparency and credibility of model decisions by tracing causal chains and sources of knowledge conflicts.We anticipate that this work will provide key technological support for the development of trustworthy health-information filtering systems,thereby improving the reliability of public health information on social media.展开更多
BACKGROUND Monkeypox(Mpox),is a disease of global public health concern,as it does not affect only countries in western and central Africa.AIM To assess Burundi healthcare workers(HCWs)s’level of knowledge and confid...BACKGROUND Monkeypox(Mpox),is a disease of global public health concern,as it does not affect only countries in western and central Africa.AIM To assess Burundi healthcare workers(HCWs)s’level of knowledge and confidence in the diagnosis and management of Mpox.METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study via an online survey designed mainly from the World Health Organization course distributed among Burundi HCWs from June-July 2023.The questionnaire comprises 8 socioprofessional-related questions,22 questions about Mpox disease knowledge,and 3 questions to assess confidence in Mpox diagnosis and management.The data were analyzed via SPSS software version 25.0.A P value<0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.RESULTS The study sample comprised 471 HCWs who were mainly medical doctors(63.9%)and nurses(30.1%).None of the 22 questions concerning Mpox knowledge had at least 50%correct responses.A very low number of HCWs(17.4%)knew that Mpox has a vaccine.The confidence level to diagnose(21.20%),treat(18.00%)or prevent(23.30%)Mpox was low among HCWs.The confidence level in the diagnosis of Mpox was associated with the HCWs’age(P value=0.009),sex(P value<0.001),work experience(P value=0.002),and residence(P value<0.001).The confidence level to treat Mpox was significantly associated with the HCWs’age(P value=0.050),sex(P value<0.001),education(P value=0.033)and occupation(P value=0.005).The confidence level to prevent Mpox was associated with the HCWs’education(P value<0.001),work experience(P value=0.002),residence(P value<0.001)and type of work institution(P value=0.003).CONCLUSION This study revealed that HCWs have the lowest level of knowledge regarding Mpox and a lack of confidence in the ability to diagnose,treat or prevent it.There is an urgent need to organize continuing medical education programs on Mpox epidemiology and preparedness for Burundi HCWs.We encourage future researchers to assess potential hesitancy toward Mpox vaccination and its associated factors.展开更多
Background:Low awareness of common pediatric eye conditions,such as amblyopia,conjunctivitis,and myopia in rural Chiang Rai,Thailand,prompted the development of a specialized curriculum.This curriculum aimed to provid...Background:Low awareness of common pediatric eye conditions,such as amblyopia,conjunctivitis,and myopia in rural Chiang Rai,Thailand,prompted the development of a specialized curriculum.This curriculum aimed to provide individuals serving these areas with resources to educate and disseminate information within their communities.Methods:A one-hour curriculum covering the causes,signs,diagnosis,treatment,and prevention of amblyopia,conjunctivitis,and myopia was delivered virtually to public health students at a Thai university and in-person to students at this university and rural community members.The in-person seminar included hands-on activities and simulations of these eye conditions.Knowledge acquisition and retention were assessed using pre-tests,immediate post-tests,and one-month post-tests.Results:The seminar was attended by 87 virtual public health students,111 in-person public health students,and 40 in-person rural community members.All groups showed significant improvement in test scores from pre-test to immediate post-test(P<0.001).In-person students had 1.57 times the odds of answering correctly on the immediate post-test compared to virtual students,despite no significant difference in baseline knowledge.However,the subset of in-person students who did not receive bilingual materials showed no significant difference in immediate post-test performance compared to virtual students(P>0.05).Although public health students had more than twice the odds of answering correctly at pre-test compared to rural community members,there were no significant differences between groups on the immediate post-test(P>0.05).Conclusion:A brief seminar significantly improved understanding and retention of pediatric eye conditions,achieving similar levels of understanding among public health students and rural community members,regardless of initial knowledge on this topic.In-person,hands-on seminars with educational materials in participants'preferred language proved more effective than virtual ones in achieving these improvements.展开更多
BACKGROUND Adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)in Malaysia continue to have substantial comorbidities and struggle to achieve glycemic targets.AIM To comprehensively evaluate diabetes self-care and glycemic cont...BACKGROUND Adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)in Malaysia continue to have substantial comorbidities and struggle to achieve glycemic targets.AIM To comprehensively evaluate diabetes self-care and glycemic control using multiple self-reporting questionnaires.METHODS Adults diagnosed with T2DM attending the Seremban Health Clinic were recruited in this cross-sectional study.Eligible participants were recruited based on a consecutive sampling technique,first-come-first-served-basis if they fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria.In addition to the usual sociodemographic,clinical,and laboratory data,the participants answered seven specific self-reporting questionnaires.This report was focused on six key variables:Glycemic control;self-care;self-efficacy;diabetes knowledge;health literacy;and medication adherence.RESULTS A total of 100 adults with T2DM participated.The proportions of participants achieving specific thresholds in the key variables were:Acceptable glycemic control 39.4%;adequate diabetes knowledge 59.6%;sufficient or higher health literacy 80.2%;and medication adherence 51.0%.The mean self-efficacy score was 110.6(73.3%of maximum),and the mean self-care score was 30.7(43.9%of maximum).A statistically significant linear correlation was observed for eight pairs of key variables with Pearson’s correlation values varying between 0.21 to 0.55.Selfefficacy had a relatively higher correlation while glycated hemoglobin was not correlated with other key variables.Path analysis was conducted to examine the relationships among diabetes self-efficacy(Diabetes Management Self Efficacy scale score),self-care behavior(Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities score),and glycemic control,but the model demonstrated a poor fit(χ^(2)=28.1,P<0.001).CONCLUSION We found substantial suboptimal glycemic control and low self-care practices but acceptable levels of diabetes knowledge,self-efficacy,health literacy and medication adherence among the patients with T2DM.In spite of the correlations between self-care,self-efficacy,and medication adherence,it was surprising that self-care did not correlate with glycemic control.Prospective cohort studies are needed to explore whether these factors influence diabetes outcomes.展开更多
Aim To find the relationship of periodontal status and dental caries status with oral health knowledge, attitude, behavior, among professional students in India. Methodology In a cross sectional study, a total of 825 ...Aim To find the relationship of periodontal status and dental caries status with oral health knowledge, attitude, behavior, among professional students in India. Methodology In a cross sectional study, a total of 825 students （males： 577, females： 248） fi＇om six professions were surveyed using a self administered structured questionnaire including 41 multiple choice questions and the WHO Oral Health Assessment Form （1997）. The data was analyzed using the SPSS version 13.0 to perform the Student＇s t-test, ANOVA test, Scheffe＇s test and Chi-square test, linear regression analysis. Results The mean percentage scores of the students for knowledge were 53.25 ±15.05; for attitude 74.97±20.48; and for behavior 59.09 ±18.77. The percentage of students with calculus score was found to be significantly high （43.8%）. The percentage of professional students with DMFT〉4 was 14.1% and the percentage of students with decayed teeth was 46.2%. The regression analysis showed that the oral health behavior of the students was dependent on the attitude （P〈0.001）, but showed no significant linear relation with the knowledge. Also, that the mean DMFT score was dependent on the oral health behavior （P〈0.05）, but showed no significant relationship with the knowledge and attitude of the students. The periodontal status was independent on the knowledge, but showed a significant relationship with attitude and behavior of the students. Conclusion A positive attitude and adherence to good oral hygiene behaviors is associated with better oral health.展开更多
AIM To evaluate the association between patientdisease knowledge of inflammatory bowel disease （IBD）and health related quality of life （HRQoL） and identifypatient and disease related predictors of patientknowledge...AIM To evaluate the association between patientdisease knowledge of inflammatory bowel disease （IBD）and health related quality of life （HRQoL） and identifypatient and disease related predictors of patientknowledge of IBD.METHODS： We performed a cross-sectional study ofIBD patients with an established diagnosis of IBD longerthan 3 mo prior to enrollment. The Crohn＇s and colitisknowledge score （CCKNOW） and short inflammatorybowel disease questionnaire （SIBDQ） were selfadministeredto assess patient knowledge of IBDand HRQoL, respectively. Demographic and diseasecharacteristics were abstracted from the electronicmedical record. The correlation between CCKNOWand SIBDQ scores was assessed by a linear regressionmodel. Associations of patient knowledge and thevariables of interest were calculated using ANOVA.RESULTS： A total of 101 patients were recruited.Caucasian race, younger age at diagnosis, and having a college or post-graduate degree were significantlyassociated with higher CCKNOW scores. Patients withCD had higher CCKNOW scores compared to patientswith ulcerative colitis and inflammatory bowel diseasetype unclassified, P 〈 0.01. There was no significantcorrelation between overall CCKNOW and SIBDQ scores（r^2 = 0.34, P = 0.13）. The knowledge sub-domain ofdiet in CCKNOW was negatively correlated with HRQoL（r^2 = 0.69, P 〈 0.01）.CONCLUSION： IBD diagnosis at a younger age inaddition to Caucasian race and higher education weresignificantly associated with higher knowledge aboutIBD. However, patient knowledge of IBD was notcorrelated with HRQoL. Further studies are required tostudy the effect of patient knowledge of IBD on otherclinical outcomes.展开更多
Background:Military medicine is a research field that seeks to solve the medical problems that occur in modern war conditions based on public medicine theory.Methods:We explore the main research topics of military hea...Background:Military medicine is a research field that seeks to solve the medical problems that occur in modern war conditions based on public medicine theory.Methods:We explore the main research topics of military health and medical research in the Web of Science?core collection(Wo SCC)from 2007 to 2016,and the goal of this work is to serve as a reference for orientation and development in military health and medicine.Based on Cite Space III,a reference co-citation analysis is performed for 7921 papers published in the Wo SCC from 2007 to 2016.In addition,a cluster analysis of research topics is performed with a comprehensive analysis of high-yield authors,outstanding research institutions and their cooperative networks.Results:Currently,the research topics in military health and medicine mainly focus on the following seven aspects:mental health diagnoses and interventions,an army study to assess risk and resilience in service members(STARRS),large-scale military action,brain science,veterans,soldier parents and children of wartime,and wound infection.We also observed that the annual publication rate increased with time.Wessely S,Greenberg N,Fear NT,Smith TC,Smith B,Jones N,Ryan MAK,Boyko EJ,Hull L,and Rona RJ were the top 10 authors in military health and medicine research.The top 10 institutes were the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences,the United States Army,the United States Navy,Kings College London,Walter Reed National Military Medical Center,Boston University,Walter Reed Army Institute of Research,Walter Reed Army Medical Center,Naval Health Research Center,and the VA Boston Healthcare System.Conclusion:We are able to perform a comprehensive analysis of studies in military health and medicine research and summarize the current research climate and the developmental trends in the Wo SCC.However,further studies and collaborations are needed worldwide.Overall,our findings provide valuable information and new perspectives and shape future research directions for further research in the area of military health and medicine.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) is a life-saving technique which is used after cardiopulmonary arrest. Chance of survival after arrest will increase if it is coupled with sufficient knowledge. Final yea...BACKGROUND: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) is a life-saving technique which is used after cardiopulmonary arrest. Chance of survival after arrest will increase if it is coupled with sufficient knowledge. Final year undergraduate health science students and interns manage many trauma and critically ill patients in our hospital. Even though all students took CPR training in undergraduate course, we sometimes saw difficulties in the resuscitation of patients after cardiopulmonary arrest by undergraduate health professionals. This study was to assess the level of knowledge of undergraduate health science students and medical interns about cardiopulmonary resuscitation.METHODS: Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 1 to March 30, 2013. All undergraduate health professionals were included. The mean score of knowledge was compared for sex, original residence and department of the participants by using Student's t test and ANOVA with Scheffe's test. P values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.RESULTS: Four hundred sixty-one out of 506 students were included in this study with a response rate of 91.1%. The overall mean knowledge score of final year undergraduate health science students and interns was 11.1(SD=0.2). The mean knowledge scores of nurses, interns, health officer, midwifery, anesthesia and psychiatry nursing students were 9.84(SD=2.5), 13.34(SD=2.8), 9.81(SD=3.0), 8.77(SD=2.6), 13.31(SD=2.7) and 8.43(SD=2.4) respectively.CONCLUSIONS: The knowledge level of undergraduate health professionals about cardiopulmonary resuscitation was insufficient. Training about CPR for undergraduate health professionals should be emphasized.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Competency in neonatal resuscitation is critical in the delivery rooms,neonatology units and pediatrics intensive care units to ensure the safety and health of neonates. Each year,millions of babies do not ...BACKGROUND:Competency in neonatal resuscitation is critical in the delivery rooms,neonatology units and pediatrics intensive care units to ensure the safety and health of neonates. Each year,millions of babies do not breathe immediately at birth,and among them the majority require basic neonatal resuscitation. Perinatal asphyxia is a major contributor to neonatal deaths worldwide in resource-limited settings. Neonatal resuscitation is effective only when health professionals have sufficient knowledge and skills. But malpractices by health professionals are frequent in the resuscitation of neonates. The present study was to assess the knowledge and skills of health professionals about neonatal resuscitation.METHODS:An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted in our hospital from February15 to April 30,2014. All nurses,midwives and residents from obstetrics-gynecology(obsgyn),midwifery and pediatric departments were included. The mean scores of knowledge and skills were compared for sex,age,type of profession,qualification,year of service and previous place of work of the participants by using Student's t test and ANOVA with Scheffe's test. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS:One hundred and thirty-five of 150 participants were included in this study with a response rate of 90.0%. The overall mean scores of knowledge and skills of midwives,nurses and residents were 19.9(SD=3.1) and 6.8(SD=3.9) respectively. The mean knowledge scores of midwives,nurses,pediatric residents and obs-gyn residents were 19.7(SD=3.03),20.2(SD=2.94),19.7(SD=4.4) and 19.6(SD=3.3) respectively. Whereas the mean scores of skills of midwives,nurses,pediatric residents and obs-gyn residents were 7.1(SD=4.17),6.7(SD=3.75),5.7(SD=4.17) and 6.6(SD=3.97) respectively.CONCLUSIONS:The knowledge and skills of midwives,nurses and residents about neonatal resuscitation were substandardized. Training of neonatal resuscitation for midwives,nurses and residents should be emphasized.展开更多
Objective To understand the sexual and reproductive health knowledge level of high school and university students in Shanghai. Methods A total of 628 high school students and 709 college students were surveyed with an...Objective To understand the sexual and reproductive health knowledge level of high school and university students in Shanghai. Methods A total of 628 high school students and 709 college students were surveyed with anonymous self-administrated questionnaire in Shanghai. Results The median knowledge scores of students from colleges and high schools were 58 and 39, respectively. Those who had surfed the Internet, had browsed websites on reproductive health, or had communicated sex-related issues with fathers/classmates/friends had more reproductive health knowledge. In addition, the percentage of college students who had surfed the Internet, had browsed websites on reproductive health or had communicated sex-related issues with classmates/friends was higher than that of high school students. Conclusion The knowledge scores of respondents were rather low. Compared with the high school students, the college students had more reproductive health knowledge and sought the knowledge more actively.展开更多
There has been little focus on men＇s reproductive health （RH） in China. This descriptive study conducted in Yiling District, Yichang, China, surveyed male knowledge of sexual physiology and RH to assess levels of k...There has been little focus on men＇s reproductive health （RH） in China. This descriptive study conducted in Yiling District, Yichang, China, surveyed male knowledge of sexual physiology and RH to assess levels of knowledge, attitudes and practices （KAPs） regarding prevention of sexually transmitted diseases （STDs）. A total of 3933 men, aged 18-59 years （mean, 40.3 years）, were recruited by cluster random sampling. They completed a questionnaire in the presence of an interviewer, with items related to subject characteristics, RH knowledge, and subjective symptoms of the reproductive system. Physical examination and reproductive system disease diagnosis were performed. Participants＇ occupations were predominantly skilled labor （80.5%）. Nearly four-fifths （78.5%） respondents had at least one reproductive disease. Over half of respondents were aware of and declared a positive attitude about sexual physiology and safe sex, and 70% of them selected to visit a doctor when they had a reproductive disorder. However, only 41.9% believed human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome could be transmitted through breastfeeding, and 64.6% incorrectly thought they could avoid contracting STDs by cleaning their genitals after intercourse. In addition, 45% discriminated against and were unwilling to be friends with infected persons. Nearly 45% of those with a reproductive system disorder refused to discuss it with friends or family members. These results indicate that this cohort of Chinese men had a certain degree of KAP about RH, whereas some aspects require further public health education in the general population. It is necessary to disseminate accurate knowledge of STD risk in China based on sociodemographic characteristics.展开更多
The growing demand for health management puts forward high requirements for the quality of health knowledge.A content-based method is proposed to address the current demand for high-quality health knowledge,which eval...The growing demand for health management puts forward high requirements for the quality of health knowledge.A content-based method is proposed to address the current demand for high-quality health knowledge,which evaluates the quality including the certainty,accuracy,and operability of different types of knowledge from the perspectives of authority,precision,and information entropy.Herein,the health knowledge of myocardial infarction is used as an example,and knowledge is first classified into different types and then evaluated.This method is applied to knowledge in the existing health management system and it can support knowledge screening and comparison under the cold start condition.Compared with the current evaluation methods based on knowledge use behavior and utility,the new evaluation method provides a reference for evaluation when the knowledge is first used.The screening of high quality knowledge can help the subsequent application of knowledge and improve user’s compliance.Concurrently,the arrangement of myocardial infarction knowledge can also provide a knowledge reference for patients’daily health management.展开更多
<strong>Objective:</strong> The e-waste recycling is increasing worldwide, yet there remain outstanding environmental and occupational health concerns. Most research conducted on e-waste recycling has focu...<strong>Objective:</strong> The e-waste recycling is increasing worldwide, yet there remain outstanding environmental and occupational health concerns. Most research conducted on e-waste recycling has focused on only few countries (e.g., China, Ghana), thus there is a need to increase understanding of e-waste workers’ (recyclers’) knowledge and practices in other locations, that is purpose of this study. <strong>Methods:</strong> In a cross-sectional study conducted in Cotonou, Benin, 45 e-waste recyclers were interviewed from September to November 2018. Survey data was collected concerning their demographics, professional practices, and knowledge of occupational and environmental risks associated with e-waste recycling.<strong> Results:</strong> Most participants reported the following methods of material recovery of electronic items in declining orders: dismantling (97.8%) > sorting (91.1%) > incinerating (88.9%). Only 44.2% of the recyclers reported wearing ≥ 1 piece of personal protective equipment (PPE). More than 90% of e-waste workers noted that they disposed the e-waste in natural sites. About half, 46.7% believed that e-waste can pollute water and 71.1% considered that it can pollute air and soil. Recyclers reported several diseases including respiratory (67.4%), heart (62.8%), eye (65.1%), kidney (41.9%) and cancers (30.2%) could be linked to their work, respectively. Interestingly, we also found associations between the number of electronic items dismantled per month and self-report symptoms from the e-waste recyclers such as finding blood in urine and stool, wounds, dizziness, and itchy skin. Our results also indicated associations between the number of hours worked per day and blood in urine, dizziness, itchy skin and airway obstruction. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>To our knowledge this is the first study to interview e-waste workers in Benin. Doing this increase understanding of their work practices and knowledge to help inform intervention and prevention activities.展开更多
The probiotic dairy products have become the fastest growing in functional foods market in response to the increasing numbers of consumers interested in improving their health.Therefore,data collected from 314 partici...The probiotic dairy products have become the fastest growing in functional foods market in response to the increasing numbers of consumers interested in improving their health.Therefore,data collected from 314 participants in the city of Bursa,Turkey,were analyzed with the aim to assess the socio-demographic characteristics and health status as well as the consumer’s knowledge and awareness of probiotic dairy products in order to gain a better understanding of consumers’attitudes.It was observed that sociodemographic characteristics of the participants were not significantly associated with the degree of knowledge or awareness and purchasing frequencies of probiotic dairy products.Having a higher educational level,higher income level and being a woman indicated an increased the awareness,knowledge and purchase probability of probiotic dairy products.This study emphasized that consumers should be more informed about the positive relationship between a healthier life and the consumption of probiotic dairy products.展开更多
Background: Worldwide data shows that the stigma and discrimination for AIDS patients by health care providers have a negative impact on its epidemic. It discourages people from seeking care or being tested for HIV, t...Background: Worldwide data shows that the stigma and discrimination for AIDS patients by health care providers have a negative impact on its epidemic. It discourages people from seeking care or being tested for HIV, thus reducing access to HIV/AIDS prevention. The study aims to evaluate the knowledge of the HCWs (health care workers) in King Abdulaziz Medical City about human immunodeficiency virus infection and their attitudes when?they encounter HIV/AIDS patients. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was designed to collect data using self-administered structured questionnaire from 90 health care workers. It was distributed among HCWs in different wards in King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh in August 2014. Results: The study included a total number of 90 heath care workers, of which 31 were physicians and 59 were nurses. Around 81 (90%) of HCWs knew the causative agent for AIDS. Only 22 (24%) of HCWs knew the level of risk of HIV transmission following needle stick injury. Most of HCWs 66 (73%) knew that sexual practice was the most common mode of transmission. Around 27 (87%) of physicians and 33 (56%) of nurses were able to answer that antiretroviral therapy had the ability to control HIV-infection. In addition, 9 (10%) of HCWs believed that AIDS was curable. Conclusion: It was obvious from our study that there was some amount of general information and knowledge with our HCWs. However, an educational campaign will try to increase the level of awareness and clear any misconception or misleading theories about HIV infection with our health care workers.展开更多
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate oral health knowledge and practices among under-graduate university students from various disciplines with access to free dental care. Materials and Methods: A total of 70...Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate oral health knowledge and practices among under-graduate university students from various disciplines with access to free dental care. Materials and Methods: A total of 709 questionnaires were filled out. Data collected included: demographic data, oral health knowledge, and self-reported oral health practices and dental service utilization. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square analysis were performed;significance level was set at P < 0.05. Mean age was 20.8 ± 1.5 years. Results: There were (90.1%) of students who considered the toothbrush an oral hygiene aid, (91.1%) thought fluoride was beneficial to teeth, and almost (80%) students believed smoking has harmful effects on oral health. Regarding oral health practices, nearly half of the samples reported twice daily tooth-brushing, one-third received regular dental check-ups, and half visited the dentist because of pain or bleeding gums;fear was the main reason for not visiting the dentist. Females primarily visited the dentist for esthetic reasons (70%) and males upon complaint (59.8%). Oral health knowledge and practices among university students were poor. Conclusion: Dental students showed higher knowledge and better practices among disciplines studied. It is also important that dental hygienists take an active role in educating students in the aspect of oral health.展开更多
Background: Preterm labor is one of the most public health problems related to neonates admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Poor knowledge among mothers about the care requirements of a preterm neonate is...Background: Preterm labor is one of the most public health problems related to neonates admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Poor knowledge among mothers about the care requirements of a preterm neonate is immediate cause for post-discharge medical problems in premature and neonates readmission to NICU. Hence, this study aims to evaluate mothers’ knowledge of caring for premature infants post-discharge from Neonatal Intensive Care Units in the Gaza strip. Methods: A Quantitative-based cross-sectional designs study was used to survey 120 mothers of preterm neonates at the time of preterm neonates discharge by face-to-face interview at Al-Shifa medical complex and Nasser hospital between February and June 2018. Results: The results showed that only about 58.4% of mothers of premature babies had good knowledge about health care needed for premature infants after discharge from NICU. Furthermore, there was no statistically significant difference between the level of knowledge and mother’s sociodemographic characteristics (P-values > 0.05). Conclusion: Mothers’ knowledge of premature infants care was not at the optimal level, which might put the newborns at risk. Therefore, the study emphasizes the necessity of thoughtful exchange of health information between team members and mothers and establishing pre- and post-discharge plans with mothers to start their healthy transition of preterm neonate to home and to ameliorate family concerns.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Disagreement exists regarding the need for knowledge about complementary and integrative health（CIH） strategies, as well as for the need to consider such strategies in clinical nursing practice. OBJECT...BACKGROUND： Disagreement exists regarding the need for knowledge about complementary and integrative health（CIH） strategies, as well as for the need to consider such strategies in clinical nursing practice. OBJECTIVE： This study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and use of CIH strategies among nurses in Iran. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS： A cross-sectional study of nurses working in two hospitals of Zabol University of Medical Sciences, in southeast Iran, was conducted from October 2014 to April 2015. The questionnaire, developed specifically for this research, was used to assess the knowledge, attitude and use of CIH by nurses. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to interpret the survey responses.RESULTS： Most nurses（n=95, 60.5%） have average knowledge about CIH strategies with most holding a positive attitude about use（n=81, 51.6%）. The majority（n=90, 57.3%） of nurses, however, never applied CIH methods. Where CIH was used, massage was most often clinically applied（n=129, 82.2%） and a large percentage believed it useful for treating illness（n=136, 87.9%）. Other CIH methods commonly used included prayer and herbal medicine.CONCLUSION： Nurses have positive attitudes about CIH though knowledge was typically weak. Educational programs should carefully consider how knowledge about CIH methods could be strengthened within curricula.展开更多
文摘Objective To understand the pre-pregnancy health knowledge and service needs among un-pregnant married women in Shanghai. Methods A total of 968 newly-married un-pregnant women in Changqiao, Lingyun sub-districts and Huajing town of Xuhui district, Shanghai, were recruited and interviewed by structured questionnaire to collect the information on pre-pregnancy health knowledge and service demands. Results 1） Newly-married women thought the contraceptive methods suitable for them was male condom（84.4%）, followed by oral contraceptives（54%）, emergent contraceptive（52.5%） and contraceptive suppository （48.3%）. 2） The score of pre-pregnancy health knowledge was 54.7±14.5 among the subjects. The participants with junior college or a bachelor had more knowledge than those with junior or senior high school, and those who were engaged in medicine /education/science field had higher score. 3） They had higher knowing rate on the common knowledge, and the rate was above 80%. But the knowing rate on the knowledge of birth defect was low, and all below 50%. 4）A proportion of 52. 7% of the respondents knew that there was a station for reproductive health service in their communities, but only 45.5% received the service from the station, 87.0% thought they had insufficient or scarce knowledge, 73.6% planned to consult before pregnancy training courses on preparing pregnancy. and 63.6% were willing to attend the Conclusion The participants had certain pre-pregnancy health knowledge, but still need being improved,＂ in addition, they had higher needs on knowledge and service of birth defect prevention, at the same time they can＇t make full use of the existing reproductive health institution.
基金funded by the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2025JJ70105)the Hunan Provincial College Students’Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(Project No.S202411342056)The article processing charge(APC)was funded by the Project No.2025JJ70105.
文摘With the widespread use of social media,the propagation of health-related rumors has become a significant public health threat.Existing methods for detecting health rumors predominantly rely on external knowledge or propagation structures,with only a few recent approaches attempting causal inference;however,these have not yet effectively integrated causal discovery with domain-specific knowledge graphs for detecting health rumors.In this study,we found that the combined use of causal discovery and domain-specific knowledge graphs can effectively identify implicit pseudo-causal logic embedded within texts,holding significant potential for health rumor detection.To this end,we propose CKDG—a dual-graph fusion framework based on causal logic and medical knowledge graphs.CKDG constructs a weighted causal graph to capture the implicit causal relationships in the text and introduces a medical knowledge graph to verify semantic consistency,thereby enhancing the ability to identify the misuse of professional terminology and pseudoscientific claims.In experiments conducted on a dataset comprising 8430 health rumors,CKDG achieved an accuracy of 91.28%and an F1 score of 90.38%,representing improvements of 5.11%and 3.29%over the best baseline,respectively.Our results indicate that the integrated use of causal discovery and domainspecific knowledge graphs offers significant advantages for health rumor detection systems.This method not only improves detection performance but also enhances the transparency and credibility of model decisions by tracing causal chains and sources of knowledge conflicts.We anticipate that this work will provide key technological support for the development of trustworthy health-information filtering systems,thereby improving the reliability of public health information on social media.
文摘BACKGROUND Monkeypox(Mpox),is a disease of global public health concern,as it does not affect only countries in western and central Africa.AIM To assess Burundi healthcare workers(HCWs)s’level of knowledge and confidence in the diagnosis and management of Mpox.METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study via an online survey designed mainly from the World Health Organization course distributed among Burundi HCWs from June-July 2023.The questionnaire comprises 8 socioprofessional-related questions,22 questions about Mpox disease knowledge,and 3 questions to assess confidence in Mpox diagnosis and management.The data were analyzed via SPSS software version 25.0.A P value<0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.RESULTS The study sample comprised 471 HCWs who were mainly medical doctors(63.9%)and nurses(30.1%).None of the 22 questions concerning Mpox knowledge had at least 50%correct responses.A very low number of HCWs(17.4%)knew that Mpox has a vaccine.The confidence level to diagnose(21.20%),treat(18.00%)or prevent(23.30%)Mpox was low among HCWs.The confidence level in the diagnosis of Mpox was associated with the HCWs’age(P value=0.009),sex(P value<0.001),work experience(P value=0.002),and residence(P value<0.001).The confidence level to treat Mpox was significantly associated with the HCWs’age(P value=0.050),sex(P value<0.001),education(P value=0.033)and occupation(P value=0.005).The confidence level to prevent Mpox was associated with the HCWs’education(P value<0.001),work experience(P value=0.002),residence(P value<0.001)and type of work institution(P value=0.003).CONCLUSION This study revealed that HCWs have the lowest level of knowledge regarding Mpox and a lack of confidence in the ability to diagnose,treat or prevent it.There is an urgent need to organize continuing medical education programs on Mpox epidemiology and preparedness for Burundi HCWs.We encourage future researchers to assess potential hesitancy toward Mpox vaccination and its associated factors.
基金supported by the National Institutes of Health(Bethesda,MD)through the P30 EY010572 core grantthe Malcolm M.Marquis,MD Endowed Fund for Innovation+1 种基金an unrestricted grant from Research to Prevent Blindness(New York,NY)to the Casey Eye Institute,Oregon Health&Science UniversityAdditional support was provided by Oregon Health&Science University Global Health。
文摘Background:Low awareness of common pediatric eye conditions,such as amblyopia,conjunctivitis,and myopia in rural Chiang Rai,Thailand,prompted the development of a specialized curriculum.This curriculum aimed to provide individuals serving these areas with resources to educate and disseminate information within their communities.Methods:A one-hour curriculum covering the causes,signs,diagnosis,treatment,and prevention of amblyopia,conjunctivitis,and myopia was delivered virtually to public health students at a Thai university and in-person to students at this university and rural community members.The in-person seminar included hands-on activities and simulations of these eye conditions.Knowledge acquisition and retention were assessed using pre-tests,immediate post-tests,and one-month post-tests.Results:The seminar was attended by 87 virtual public health students,111 in-person public health students,and 40 in-person rural community members.All groups showed significant improvement in test scores from pre-test to immediate post-test(P<0.001).In-person students had 1.57 times the odds of answering correctly on the immediate post-test compared to virtual students,despite no significant difference in baseline knowledge.However,the subset of in-person students who did not receive bilingual materials showed no significant difference in immediate post-test performance compared to virtual students(P>0.05).Although public health students had more than twice the odds of answering correctly at pre-test compared to rural community members,there were no significant differences between groups on the immediate post-test(P>0.05).Conclusion:A brief seminar significantly improved understanding and retention of pediatric eye conditions,achieving similar levels of understanding among public health students and rural community members,regardless of initial knowledge on this topic.In-person,hands-on seminars with educational materials in participants'preferred language proved more effective than virtual ones in achieving these improvements.
基金Supported by the IMU University Internal Grant,No.CSc-Sem6(12)2022.
文摘BACKGROUND Adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)in Malaysia continue to have substantial comorbidities and struggle to achieve glycemic targets.AIM To comprehensively evaluate diabetes self-care and glycemic control using multiple self-reporting questionnaires.METHODS Adults diagnosed with T2DM attending the Seremban Health Clinic were recruited in this cross-sectional study.Eligible participants were recruited based on a consecutive sampling technique,first-come-first-served-basis if they fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria.In addition to the usual sociodemographic,clinical,and laboratory data,the participants answered seven specific self-reporting questionnaires.This report was focused on six key variables:Glycemic control;self-care;self-efficacy;diabetes knowledge;health literacy;and medication adherence.RESULTS A total of 100 adults with T2DM participated.The proportions of participants achieving specific thresholds in the key variables were:Acceptable glycemic control 39.4%;adequate diabetes knowledge 59.6%;sufficient or higher health literacy 80.2%;and medication adherence 51.0%.The mean self-efficacy score was 110.6(73.3%of maximum),and the mean self-care score was 30.7(43.9%of maximum).A statistically significant linear correlation was observed for eight pairs of key variables with Pearson’s correlation values varying between 0.21 to 0.55.Selfefficacy had a relatively higher correlation while glycated hemoglobin was not correlated with other key variables.Path analysis was conducted to examine the relationships among diabetes self-efficacy(Diabetes Management Self Efficacy scale score),self-care behavior(Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities score),and glycemic control,but the model demonstrated a poor fit(χ^(2)=28.1,P<0.001).CONCLUSION We found substantial suboptimal glycemic control and low self-care practices but acceptable levels of diabetes knowledge,self-efficacy,health literacy and medication adherence among the patients with T2DM.In spite of the correlations between self-care,self-efficacy,and medication adherence,it was surprising that self-care did not correlate with glycemic control.Prospective cohort studies are needed to explore whether these factors influence diabetes outcomes.
文摘Aim To find the relationship of periodontal status and dental caries status with oral health knowledge, attitude, behavior, among professional students in India. Methodology In a cross sectional study, a total of 825 students （males： 577, females： 248） fi＇om six professions were surveyed using a self administered structured questionnaire including 41 multiple choice questions and the WHO Oral Health Assessment Form （1997）. The data was analyzed using the SPSS version 13.0 to perform the Student＇s t-test, ANOVA test, Scheffe＇s test and Chi-square test, linear regression analysis. Results The mean percentage scores of the students for knowledge were 53.25 ±15.05; for attitude 74.97±20.48; and for behavior 59.09 ±18.77. The percentage of students with calculus score was found to be significantly high （43.8%）. The percentage of professional students with DMFT〉4 was 14.1% and the percentage of students with decayed teeth was 46.2%. The regression analysis showed that the oral health behavior of the students was dependent on the attitude （P〈0.001）, but showed no significant linear relation with the knowledge. Also, that the mean DMFT score was dependent on the oral health behavior （P〈0.05）, but showed no significant relationship with the knowledge and attitude of the students. The periodontal status was independent on the knowledge, but showed a significant relationship with attitude and behavior of the students. Conclusion A positive attitude and adherence to good oral hygiene behaviors is associated with better oral health.
基金Supported by American College of Gastroenterology Junior Faculty Development Award(Hou)and with resources at the VA HSRD Center for Innovations in Quality,Effectiveness and Safety No.CIN 13-413,at the Michael E DeBakey VA Medical Center,Houston,TX(Hou)
文摘AIM To evaluate the association between patientdisease knowledge of inflammatory bowel disease （IBD）and health related quality of life （HRQoL） and identifypatient and disease related predictors of patientknowledge of IBD.METHODS： We performed a cross-sectional study ofIBD patients with an established diagnosis of IBD longerthan 3 mo prior to enrollment. The Crohn＇s and colitisknowledge score （CCKNOW） and short inflammatorybowel disease questionnaire （SIBDQ） were selfadministeredto assess patient knowledge of IBDand HRQoL, respectively. Demographic and diseasecharacteristics were abstracted from the electronicmedical record. The correlation between CCKNOWand SIBDQ scores was assessed by a linear regressionmodel. Associations of patient knowledge and thevariables of interest were calculated using ANOVA.RESULTS： A total of 101 patients were recruited.Caucasian race, younger age at diagnosis, and having a college or post-graduate degree were significantlyassociated with higher CCKNOW scores. Patients withCD had higher CCKNOW scores compared to patientswith ulcerative colitis and inflammatory bowel diseasetype unclassified, P 〈 0.01. There was no significantcorrelation between overall CCKNOW and SIBDQ scores（r^2 = 0.34, P = 0.13）. The knowledge sub-domain ofdiet in CCKNOW was negatively correlated with HRQoL（r^2 = 0.69, P 〈 0.01）.CONCLUSION： IBD diagnosis at a younger age inaddition to Caucasian race and higher education weresignificantly associated with higher knowledge aboutIBD. However, patient knowledge of IBD was notcorrelated with HRQoL. Further studies are required tostudy the effect of patient knowledge of IBD on otherclinical outcomes.
基金supported financially by the Project of the“12th FiveYear”for Medical Scientific and Technology(CWS11L050)of the PLAthe Science and Technology Development Fund of China Academy of Engineering Physics(wss-2014-03).
文摘Background:Military medicine is a research field that seeks to solve the medical problems that occur in modern war conditions based on public medicine theory.Methods:We explore the main research topics of military health and medical research in the Web of Science?core collection(Wo SCC)from 2007 to 2016,and the goal of this work is to serve as a reference for orientation and development in military health and medicine.Based on Cite Space III,a reference co-citation analysis is performed for 7921 papers published in the Wo SCC from 2007 to 2016.In addition,a cluster analysis of research topics is performed with a comprehensive analysis of high-yield authors,outstanding research institutions and their cooperative networks.Results:Currently,the research topics in military health and medicine mainly focus on the following seven aspects:mental health diagnoses and interventions,an army study to assess risk and resilience in service members(STARRS),large-scale military action,brain science,veterans,soldier parents and children of wartime,and wound infection.We also observed that the annual publication rate increased with time.Wessely S,Greenberg N,Fear NT,Smith TC,Smith B,Jones N,Ryan MAK,Boyko EJ,Hull L,and Rona RJ were the top 10 authors in military health and medicine research.The top 10 institutes were the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences,the United States Army,the United States Navy,Kings College London,Walter Reed National Military Medical Center,Boston University,Walter Reed Army Institute of Research,Walter Reed Army Medical Center,Naval Health Research Center,and the VA Boston Healthcare System.Conclusion:We are able to perform a comprehensive analysis of studies in military health and medicine research and summarize the current research climate and the developmental trends in the Wo SCC.However,further studies and collaborations are needed worldwide.Overall,our findings provide valuable information and new perspectives and shape future research directions for further research in the area of military health and medicine.
文摘BACKGROUND: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) is a life-saving technique which is used after cardiopulmonary arrest. Chance of survival after arrest will increase if it is coupled with sufficient knowledge. Final year undergraduate health science students and interns manage many trauma and critically ill patients in our hospital. Even though all students took CPR training in undergraduate course, we sometimes saw difficulties in the resuscitation of patients after cardiopulmonary arrest by undergraduate health professionals. This study was to assess the level of knowledge of undergraduate health science students and medical interns about cardiopulmonary resuscitation.METHODS: Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 1 to March 30, 2013. All undergraduate health professionals were included. The mean score of knowledge was compared for sex, original residence and department of the participants by using Student's t test and ANOVA with Scheffe's test. P values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.RESULTS: Four hundred sixty-one out of 506 students were included in this study with a response rate of 91.1%. The overall mean knowledge score of final year undergraduate health science students and interns was 11.1(SD=0.2). The mean knowledge scores of nurses, interns, health officer, midwifery, anesthesia and psychiatry nursing students were 9.84(SD=2.5), 13.34(SD=2.8), 9.81(SD=3.0), 8.77(SD=2.6), 13.31(SD=2.7) and 8.43(SD=2.4) respectively.CONCLUSIONS: The knowledge level of undergraduate health professionals about cardiopulmonary resuscitation was insufficient. Training about CPR for undergraduate health professionals should be emphasized.
基金granted by the Offi ce of Vice President for Research and Community Services of the University of Gondar
文摘BACKGROUND:Competency in neonatal resuscitation is critical in the delivery rooms,neonatology units and pediatrics intensive care units to ensure the safety and health of neonates. Each year,millions of babies do not breathe immediately at birth,and among them the majority require basic neonatal resuscitation. Perinatal asphyxia is a major contributor to neonatal deaths worldwide in resource-limited settings. Neonatal resuscitation is effective only when health professionals have sufficient knowledge and skills. But malpractices by health professionals are frequent in the resuscitation of neonates. The present study was to assess the knowledge and skills of health professionals about neonatal resuscitation.METHODS:An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted in our hospital from February15 to April 30,2014. All nurses,midwives and residents from obstetrics-gynecology(obsgyn),midwifery and pediatric departments were included. The mean scores of knowledge and skills were compared for sex,age,type of profession,qualification,year of service and previous place of work of the participants by using Student's t test and ANOVA with Scheffe's test. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS:One hundred and thirty-five of 150 participants were included in this study with a response rate of 90.0%. The overall mean scores of knowledge and skills of midwives,nurses and residents were 19.9(SD=3.1) and 6.8(SD=3.9) respectively. The mean knowledge scores of midwives,nurses,pediatric residents and obs-gyn residents were 19.7(SD=3.03),20.2(SD=2.94),19.7(SD=4.4) and 19.6(SD=3.3) respectively. Whereas the mean scores of skills of midwives,nurses,pediatric residents and obs-gyn residents were 7.1(SD=4.17),6.7(SD=3.75),5.7(SD=4.17) and 6.6(SD=3.97) respectively.CONCLUSIONS:The knowledge and skills of midwives,nurses and residents about neonatal resuscitation were substandardized. Training of neonatal resuscitation for midwives,nurses and residents should be emphasized.
文摘Objective To understand the sexual and reproductive health knowledge level of high school and university students in Shanghai. Methods A total of 628 high school students and 709 college students were surveyed with anonymous self-administrated questionnaire in Shanghai. Results The median knowledge scores of students from colleges and high schools were 58 and 39, respectively. Those who had surfed the Internet, had browsed websites on reproductive health, or had communicated sex-related issues with fathers/classmates/friends had more reproductive health knowledge. In addition, the percentage of college students who had surfed the Internet, had browsed websites on reproductive health or had communicated sex-related issues with classmates/friends was higher than that of high school students. Conclusion The knowledge scores of respondents were rather low. Compared with the high school students, the college students had more reproductive health knowledge and sought the knowledge more actively.
文摘There has been little focus on men＇s reproductive health （RH） in China. This descriptive study conducted in Yiling District, Yichang, China, surveyed male knowledge of sexual physiology and RH to assess levels of knowledge, attitudes and practices （KAPs） regarding prevention of sexually transmitted diseases （STDs）. A total of 3933 men, aged 18-59 years （mean, 40.3 years）, were recruited by cluster random sampling. They completed a questionnaire in the presence of an interviewer, with items related to subject characteristics, RH knowledge, and subjective symptoms of the reproductive system. Physical examination and reproductive system disease diagnosis were performed. Participants＇ occupations were predominantly skilled labor （80.5%）. Nearly four-fifths （78.5%） respondents had at least one reproductive disease. Over half of respondents were aware of and declared a positive attitude about sexual physiology and safe sex, and 70% of them selected to visit a doctor when they had a reproductive disorder. However, only 41.9% believed human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome could be transmitted through breastfeeding, and 64.6% incorrectly thought they could avoid contracting STDs by cleaning their genitals after intercourse. In addition, 45% discriminated against and were unwilling to be friends with infected persons. Nearly 45% of those with a reproductive system disorder refused to discuss it with friends or family members. These results indicate that this cohort of Chinese men had a certain degree of KAP about RH, whereas some aspects require further public health education in the general population. It is necessary to disseminate accurate knowledge of STD risk in China based on sociodemographic characteristics.
基金the National Natural Science Founda-tion of China(Nos.91646205 and 71421002)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universi-ties of China(No.16JCCS08)。
文摘The growing demand for health management puts forward high requirements for the quality of health knowledge.A content-based method is proposed to address the current demand for high-quality health knowledge,which evaluates the quality including the certainty,accuracy,and operability of different types of knowledge from the perspectives of authority,precision,and information entropy.Herein,the health knowledge of myocardial infarction is used as an example,and knowledge is first classified into different types and then evaluated.This method is applied to knowledge in the existing health management system and it can support knowledge screening and comparison under the cold start condition.Compared with the current evaluation methods based on knowledge use behavior and utility,the new evaluation method provides a reference for evaluation when the knowledge is first used.The screening of high quality knowledge can help the subsequent application of knowledge and improve user’s compliance.Concurrently,the arrangement of myocardial infarction knowledge can also provide a knowledge reference for patients’daily health management.
文摘<strong>Objective:</strong> The e-waste recycling is increasing worldwide, yet there remain outstanding environmental and occupational health concerns. Most research conducted on e-waste recycling has focused on only few countries (e.g., China, Ghana), thus there is a need to increase understanding of e-waste workers’ (recyclers’) knowledge and practices in other locations, that is purpose of this study. <strong>Methods:</strong> In a cross-sectional study conducted in Cotonou, Benin, 45 e-waste recyclers were interviewed from September to November 2018. Survey data was collected concerning their demographics, professional practices, and knowledge of occupational and environmental risks associated with e-waste recycling.<strong> Results:</strong> Most participants reported the following methods of material recovery of electronic items in declining orders: dismantling (97.8%) > sorting (91.1%) > incinerating (88.9%). Only 44.2% of the recyclers reported wearing ≥ 1 piece of personal protective equipment (PPE). More than 90% of e-waste workers noted that they disposed the e-waste in natural sites. About half, 46.7% believed that e-waste can pollute water and 71.1% considered that it can pollute air and soil. Recyclers reported several diseases including respiratory (67.4%), heart (62.8%), eye (65.1%), kidney (41.9%) and cancers (30.2%) could be linked to their work, respectively. Interestingly, we also found associations between the number of electronic items dismantled per month and self-report symptoms from the e-waste recyclers such as finding blood in urine and stool, wounds, dizziness, and itchy skin. Our results also indicated associations between the number of hours worked per day and blood in urine, dizziness, itchy skin and airway obstruction. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>To our knowledge this is the first study to interview e-waste workers in Benin. Doing this increase understanding of their work practices and knowledge to help inform intervention and prevention activities.
文摘The probiotic dairy products have become the fastest growing in functional foods market in response to the increasing numbers of consumers interested in improving their health.Therefore,data collected from 314 participants in the city of Bursa,Turkey,were analyzed with the aim to assess the socio-demographic characteristics and health status as well as the consumer’s knowledge and awareness of probiotic dairy products in order to gain a better understanding of consumers’attitudes.It was observed that sociodemographic characteristics of the participants were not significantly associated with the degree of knowledge or awareness and purchasing frequencies of probiotic dairy products.Having a higher educational level,higher income level and being a woman indicated an increased the awareness,knowledge and purchase probability of probiotic dairy products.This study emphasized that consumers should be more informed about the positive relationship between a healthier life and the consumption of probiotic dairy products.
文摘Background: Worldwide data shows that the stigma and discrimination for AIDS patients by health care providers have a negative impact on its epidemic. It discourages people from seeking care or being tested for HIV, thus reducing access to HIV/AIDS prevention. The study aims to evaluate the knowledge of the HCWs (health care workers) in King Abdulaziz Medical City about human immunodeficiency virus infection and their attitudes when?they encounter HIV/AIDS patients. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was designed to collect data using self-administered structured questionnaire from 90 health care workers. It was distributed among HCWs in different wards in King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh in August 2014. Results: The study included a total number of 90 heath care workers, of which 31 were physicians and 59 were nurses. Around 81 (90%) of HCWs knew the causative agent for AIDS. Only 22 (24%) of HCWs knew the level of risk of HIV transmission following needle stick injury. Most of HCWs 66 (73%) knew that sexual practice was the most common mode of transmission. Around 27 (87%) of physicians and 33 (56%) of nurses were able to answer that antiretroviral therapy had the ability to control HIV-infection. In addition, 9 (10%) of HCWs believed that AIDS was curable. Conclusion: It was obvious from our study that there was some amount of general information and knowledge with our HCWs. However, an educational campaign will try to increase the level of awareness and clear any misconception or misleading theories about HIV infection with our health care workers.
文摘Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate oral health knowledge and practices among under-graduate university students from various disciplines with access to free dental care. Materials and Methods: A total of 709 questionnaires were filled out. Data collected included: demographic data, oral health knowledge, and self-reported oral health practices and dental service utilization. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square analysis were performed;significance level was set at P < 0.05. Mean age was 20.8 ± 1.5 years. Results: There were (90.1%) of students who considered the toothbrush an oral hygiene aid, (91.1%) thought fluoride was beneficial to teeth, and almost (80%) students believed smoking has harmful effects on oral health. Regarding oral health practices, nearly half of the samples reported twice daily tooth-brushing, one-third received regular dental check-ups, and half visited the dentist because of pain or bleeding gums;fear was the main reason for not visiting the dentist. Females primarily visited the dentist for esthetic reasons (70%) and males upon complaint (59.8%). Oral health knowledge and practices among university students were poor. Conclusion: Dental students showed higher knowledge and better practices among disciplines studied. It is also important that dental hygienists take an active role in educating students in the aspect of oral health.
文摘Background: Preterm labor is one of the most public health problems related to neonates admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Poor knowledge among mothers about the care requirements of a preterm neonate is immediate cause for post-discharge medical problems in premature and neonates readmission to NICU. Hence, this study aims to evaluate mothers’ knowledge of caring for premature infants post-discharge from Neonatal Intensive Care Units in the Gaza strip. Methods: A Quantitative-based cross-sectional designs study was used to survey 120 mothers of preterm neonates at the time of preterm neonates discharge by face-to-face interview at Al-Shifa medical complex and Nasser hospital between February and June 2018. Results: The results showed that only about 58.4% of mothers of premature babies had good knowledge about health care needed for premature infants after discharge from NICU. Furthermore, there was no statistically significant difference between the level of knowledge and mother’s sociodemographic characteristics (P-values > 0.05). Conclusion: Mothers’ knowledge of premature infants care was not at the optimal level, which might put the newborns at risk. Therefore, the study emphasizes the necessity of thoughtful exchange of health information between team members and mothers and establishing pre- and post-discharge plans with mothers to start their healthy transition of preterm neonate to home and to ameliorate family concerns.
文摘BACKGROUND： Disagreement exists regarding the need for knowledge about complementary and integrative health（CIH） strategies, as well as for the need to consider such strategies in clinical nursing practice. OBJECTIVE： This study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and use of CIH strategies among nurses in Iran. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS： A cross-sectional study of nurses working in two hospitals of Zabol University of Medical Sciences, in southeast Iran, was conducted from October 2014 to April 2015. The questionnaire, developed specifically for this research, was used to assess the knowledge, attitude and use of CIH by nurses. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to interpret the survey responses.RESULTS： Most nurses（n=95, 60.5%） have average knowledge about CIH strategies with most holding a positive attitude about use（n=81, 51.6%）. The majority（n=90, 57.3%） of nurses, however, never applied CIH methods. Where CIH was used, massage was most often clinically applied（n=129, 82.2%） and a large percentage believed it useful for treating illness（n=136, 87.9%）. Other CIH methods commonly used included prayer and herbal medicine.CONCLUSION： Nurses have positive attitudes about CIH though knowledge was typically weak. Educational programs should carefully consider how knowledge about CIH methods could be strengthened within curricula.
