In this paper,we establish and study a single-species logistic model with impulsive age-selective harvesting.First,we prove the ultimate boundedness of the solutions of the system.Then,we obtain conditions for the asy...In this paper,we establish and study a single-species logistic model with impulsive age-selective harvesting.First,we prove the ultimate boundedness of the solutions of the system.Then,we obtain conditions for the asymptotic stability of the trivial solution and the positive periodic solution.Finally,numerical simulations are presented to validate our results.Our results show that age-selective harvesting is more conducive to sustainable population survival than non-age-selective harvesting.展开更多
Endowed with opportunities from both land and ocean,coastal areas attract expanding human populations and economic activities.At the same time,they face growing societal and environmental pressures from both the above...Endowed with opportunities from both land and ocean,coastal areas attract expanding human populations and economic activities.At the same time,they face growing societal and environmental pressures from both the above river catchments and the bordering sea due to climate change,ecosystem degradation,and expansion of built-up areas.Despite the accumulation of human population,economic activities,and environmental impacts,we lack social-ecological systems analysis on water-related risks to world’s coastal human population.To address this research gap,we analyze the spatial extent of six globally important water stressors to people within the world’s coastal zone(100 km from the coastal line)and classify this zone globally into 12 groups by distance from the coastline and elevation from the mean sea level.Adopting the approaches of the UN Sendai Framework and IPCC,we produce risk maps from the stressor maps by multiplying them with population exposure and vulnerability.For most risks,geographical hotspots are the Chinese coast,Bay of Bengal,Gujarat,and the Island of Java.The analysis reveals fundamental differences between water stressors and related risks,often mixed in scholarly literature.Both manifest specific geographic patterns and latitudinal profiles.Our study highlights the importance of high-resolution spatial analysis of vulnerability,exposure,and risks posed by water related stressors in the world’s coastal zone,in a manner prompted by key policy bodies to promote policy design and shared responsibility for managing stress-prone areas.展开更多
Global warming and socioeconomic development are expected to exacerbate human exposure to heat stress,but the extent and inequality of such changes remain unclear.Here,we quantified the future population exposure to h...Global warming and socioeconomic development are expected to exacerbate human exposure to heat stress,but the extent and inequality of such changes remain unclear.Here,we quantified the future population exposure to heat stress(PEHS)under different Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSPs)and Representative Concentration Pathways(RCPs)scenarios using a novel decomposition framework that separates the contributions of climate change,population change,and their interaction.Results show that global PEHS will increase substantially during the 21st century,with low-latitude regions experiencing the largest absolute increases,and high-latitude regions facing the largest relative increases.Globally,projected increases in PEHS under SSP3-7.0 are roughly three times those under SSP1-2.6,with low latitudes contributing about 70%-75%of the global total.SSP1-2.6 most effectively limits future heat exposure,with the highest risks in low-latitude developing regions,underscoring the need for low-emission pathways and targeted population and urbanization management.The findings highlight the urgent need for both climate mitigation and population adaptation strategies to address the growing and uneven heat exposure risks worldwide.展开更多
Clarifying the photosynthetic and population characteristics of conventional japonica rice at different yield levels is crucial for boosting yield and ensuring food security.Therefore,a two-year field trial with two c...Clarifying the photosynthetic and population characteristics of conventional japonica rice at different yield levels is crucial for boosting yield and ensuring food security.Therefore,a two-year field trial with two conventional japonica varieties was conducted at four planting densities:16 cm×30 cm(D1),14 cm×30 cm(D2),12 cm×30 cm(D3),and 10 cm×30 cm(D4).This study aimed to investigate how photosynthetic and population characteristics influence grain yield under varying planting densities.The results indicated that higher yields were primarily driven by increased grain weight and seed-setting rate(with a 9.68%‒11.40%higher single panicle weight),supported by optimized dry matter translocation and source-sink relationships.Elevated planting density(D2‒D4)enhanced panicle number and total spikelet number(by 3.91%‒15.00%)but reduced the number of spikelets per panicle,1000-grain weight,and photosynthetic efficiency due to mutual shading.Despite these trade-offs,yield increased by 4.10%‒12.42%under higher densities.The use of planting density D4 in japonica rice cultivation contributed to maximize yield.These findings provide important theoretical insights and practical significance for increasing the yield of conventional japonica rice and ensuring food security.展开更多
Migratory divides,where individuals from distinct breeding populations within a species exhibit divergent migratory routes and strategies,play a critical role in shaping avian ecology and evolution.These divides can d...Migratory divides,where individuals from distinct breeding populations within a species exhibit divergent migratory routes and strategies,play a critical role in shaping avian ecology and evolution.These divides can drive intraspecific genetic divergence and promote reproductive isolation,potentially leading to population differentiation and speciation.Understanding the migration strategies of populations utilizing distinct flyways is essential not only for elucidating the mechanisms underlying migration patterns but also for informing effective species conservation efforts.From 2014 to 2023,we used satellite tracking to monitor the migration patterns of 87 White-naped Cranes(Antigone vipio)from the species'two breeding populations—western(Mongolia)and eastern(Songnen Plain,China).We delineated their migratory routes,quantified key migration parameters,and identified their population-and season-specific differences in migratory strategies.Our results indicate that the Greater Khingan Mountains and the Bohai-Yellow Sea formed a distinct migratory barrier separating the eastern and western populations.Significant differences in migration strategies were observed between populations and seasons.The western population adopts a"longer-distance,slower-speed,more-stopover"strategy,while the eastern population employs a"shorter-distance,higher-speed,fewer-stopover"strategy.Our study identifies the migratory divides between the two populations of White-naped Cranes and highlights the importance of migratory divides in shaping distinct migration strategies.These findings enhance our understanding of the factors driving population-specific migration strategies and provide a foundation for tailored conservation efforts for these populations.展开更多
Wind-induced circulation is the main form of lake flow for shallow lakes and plays an important role in algae population distribution.This study constructed a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model(EFDC)of the plateau l...Wind-induced circulation is the main form of lake flow for shallow lakes and plays an important role in algae population distribution.This study constructed a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model(EFDC)of the plateau lake Erhai,China using accuracy wind field observation,runoff data and monthly algae data during 2022–2023.The model successfully reproduced the circulation characteristics of Erhai under prevailing wind directions.The results showed that the lake flow velocity in Lake Erhai is higher in winter than in summer,with lower velocities near shore particularly in the northern and central parts of the lake.There is a negative correlation between algal biomass and flow velocity(FV)in different zones,with lower FV favoring the accumulation of algal biomass,particularly for Microcystis,Dolichospermum,and Peridinium.Additionally,due to buoyancy,cyanobacteria are highly affected by wind direction and tend to accumulate in downwind regions of the prevailing wind direction.This study demonstrates that wind-induced circulation is a crucial factor affecting the spatial distribution of dominant algae populations in shallow plateau lakes with weak hydrodynamic force.Further,the risk of bloom occurrence in Lake Erhai will be higher due to the background of global climate change and the lake’s wind speed decline.In conclusion,we suggest implementing targeted zoning measures to control algal blooms and establishing stricter regulations for nitrogen and phosphorus control to counterbalance the promotion of algal bloom accumulation in low-velocity zones caused by reduced wind speed.展开更多
Cynomolgus macaques,a species of Old World primate native to southeastern and eastern Asia and the island of Mauritius,are one of the most important nonhuman primate models for infectious disease.Although the closely ...Cynomolgus macaques,a species of Old World primate native to southeastern and eastern Asia and the island of Mauritius,are one of the most important nonhuman primate models for infectious disease.Although the closely related rhesus macaque is classified into subspecies based on geographic origin,no such subdivision exists for cynomolgus macaques,and they continue to be used interchangeably in infectious disease research,reducing the comparability of data produced from these studies.Research into the population genetics of cynomolgus macaques has found significant differences between macaques native to different areas,including their genetic diversity,with macaques from insular populations such as Mauritius and the Philippines exhibiting highly restricted heterozygosity compared to mainland populations native to Indonesia or Cambodia.In the context of infectious disease studies,research into pathogens,including Ebola virus,Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus,and Mycobacterium tuberculosis have found differences in study outcomes,survival times,and immune cell responses between different populations of macaques.This review provides an overview of the differences between cynomolgus macaque populations in the context of genetic diversity,and in response to infection,and highlights the need for clear reporting of geographic origin of primates used in research.This will improve data comparison between studies and help to further refine this important animal model.展开更多
Stichopus chloronotus is a tropical sea cucumber with facultative asexual reproduction in the Indo-Western Pacific,yet its wild populations are decreasing due to extensive harvesting.Understanding the species’genetic...Stichopus chloronotus is a tropical sea cucumber with facultative asexual reproduction in the Indo-Western Pacific,yet its wild populations are decreasing due to extensive harvesting.Understanding the species’genetic characteristics is essential for effective management and conservation.To develop novel microsatellite markers and assess the genetic diversity,clonality,and genetic structure of eight populations of S.chloronotus in the South China Sea,193 individuals from eight populations across Wuzhizhou and Fenjiezhou(Boundary)islands were analyzed using nine newly developed microsatellite markers and five previously established markers.RNA-Seq was employed to obtained 62662 unigenes and identified 16926 microsatellite loci.Fourteen polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed,of which 11 were highly polymorphic(polymorphic information content>0.5).The number of alleles(N_(a))ranged from 3 to 6 per locus,and the average Shannon diversity index(I)was 1.107.All the populations exhibited asexual reproduction,with regional variations in reproductive modes.Asexual reproduction was predominant in the northwestern Wuzhizhou Island population(SY 7)and the Fenjiezhou Island population(LS 8),where four and five predominant clones represented more than 89%of the individuals,which led to reduced genetic diversity.Overall,genetic diversity was moderately low,with significant genetic differentiation among populations(F_(ST)=0.33;P<0.001),suggesting limited gene flow(the number of migrants(N_(m))<1).These findings highlight the role of reproductive strategies in shaping fine-scale genetic differentiation in S.chloronotus.The limited recruitment success of sexually produced larvae and habitat heterogeneity likely constrain clone dispersal,contributing to distinct genetic restructuring.This study provided key insights into the interplay between reproductive strategies and genetic patterns in sea cucumbers,offering a scientific basis for targeted conservation efforts.展开更多
Purpose:ATLAS is a cross-sectional study aiming to investigate environmental and genetic determinants of athletic performance in healthy Greek competitive athletes(CA).This article presents the study design,investigat...Purpose:ATLAS is a cross-sectional study aiming to investigate environmental and genetic determinants of athletic performance in healthy Greek competitive athletes(CA).This article presents the study design,investigates the muscle strength performance(MSP)of 289 adult and teenage CA,exercisers,and physically inactive individuals(PI),and proposes predictive models of MSP for adults.Methods:Muscle maximal,speed,and explosive strength(MMS/MSS/MES)at unilateral maximal concentric flexion and extension contraction(FC/EC)were evaluated using Biodex System 3 PRO^(TM)at 60°/s,180°/s,and 300°/s,while additional performance markers were assessed through field ergometric testing.Participants were interviewed about their lifestyle,dietary habits,physical activity,injury,and medical history.Body composition was assessed via bioelectrical impedance.gDNA was extracted from biochemical samples and then genotyped.Statistical analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics v21.0 and R.Results:Age,fitness,and sex impacted correlations of MSP with body composition and anthropometric measurements(p<0.05).Among CA,females outperformed males in accuracy(p<0.001)while,males outperformed females in anaerobic power,MSP,speed,and endurance(p<0.001).Adult CA outperformed exercisers and PI in MMS,MSS,and MES(p<0.05).Multiple linear regression models,with predictors age,FFM,body extremity,training load explained the majority of variation in MMS(R^(2)_(adj):71.4%–88.9%),MSS(R^(2)_(adj):64.8%–78.4%),and MES(R^(2)_(adj):52.7%–68.4%)at EC,FC,and their mean(p<0.001).Conclusions:Muscle-strengthening strategies should be customized according to individual fitness levels,body composition,and anthropometric measurements.The innovative sex-specific regression models assessing MMS,MSS,and MES at EC and FC provide a framework for personalizing rehabilitation and skill-specific training strategies.展开更多
Varicella,a highly contagious respiratory infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus(VZV),predominantly affects children and is characterized by symptoms such as low-grade fever and vesicular rash[1,2].In China,va...Varicella,a highly contagious respiratory infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus(VZV),predominantly affects children and is characterized by symptoms such as low-grade fever and vesicular rash[1,2].In China,varicella remains prevalent,with a steady increase in incidence,peaking at 70.14 cases per 100,000 individuals in 2019[3].Although the number of reported outbreaks and cases from 2020 to 2022 was lower than those from 2006 to 2012 and 2013 to 2019,varicella continues to pose a significant public health challenge[3].展开更多
The Fujian oyster(Crassostrea angulata) is an economically significant shellfish species distributed mainly along the Fujian coast, Southeast China. However, its genetic diversity and structure remain unclear. The mai...The Fujian oyster(Crassostrea angulata) is an economically significant shellfish species distributed mainly along the Fujian coast, Southeast China. However, its genetic diversity and structure remain unclear. The main distribution area of the C. angulata is located in Fujian, South China. In total, 420 C. angulata were collected from 14 natural habitats(populations) along the Fujian coast, and their genetic diversity and structure were analyzed in the mitochondrial COI and nuclear gene ITS2 sequences. Results reveal that all the 14 populations of C. angulata exhibited high levels of genetic diversity, with a total of 57(haplotype diversity: 0.811±0.016) and 124(haplotype diversity: 0.912±0.007) haplotypes revealed by COI and ITS2, respectively. Notably, significant intermediate level of genetic differentiations between the Ningde Zhujiang(ZJ) population(FS T by COI: 0.035–0.142, P<0.05;FS T by ITS2: 0.078–0.123, P<0.05) with other populations were observed for the first time, which is also supported by the results of molecular variance analysis(FC T by COI: 0.105, P<0.05;FC T by ITS2: 0.086, P<0.05) and the clustering of the ZJ population into distinct branches in the interpopulation genetic differentiation tree. Furthermore, the evolutionary tree and haplotype network analyses do not support the formation of a clear geographical genealogical structure among these 14 populations. In addition, the population dynamics analysis suggests that the C. angulata may have undergone expansion during the third ice age of the Pleistocene. These results provide a reference for the preservation and further genetic improvement of C. angulata.展开更多
The Saccostrea mordax Gould,1850 is a typical intertidal species,whose genetic differentiation is influenced by various factors,including geological and climatic changes.To explore the genetic structure and historical...The Saccostrea mordax Gould,1850 is a typical intertidal species,whose genetic differentiation is influenced by various factors,including geological and climatic changes.To explore the genetic structure and historical population characteristics of Saccostrea mordax,we sequenced the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COI)gene from 58 specimens sampled from four locations in the western Pacific.Additionally,103 individuals from the Persian Gulf and western Pacific(from databases)were included for phylogenetic analysis.The Bayesian Inference tree showed that all specimens were divided into two clades,i.e.,the Persian Gulf population and the western Pacific population.Spatial molecular variance analysis indicated significant genetic differentiation between the two populations,and isolation by distance analysis revealed a positive correlation between genetic differentiation and geographic distance.Neutrality tests and Bayesian Skyline Plot suggested that both populations underwent expansions during the late Pleistocene.This study revealed the population history of Saccostrea mordax and described a new lineage,Saccostrea mordax lineage D,providing a foundation for understanding oyster biodiversity formation and genetic resource conservation.展开更多
BACKGROUND In an era leaning toward a personalized alignment of total knee arthroplasty,coronal plane alignment of the knee(CPAK)phenotypes for each population are studied;furthermore,other possible variables affectin...BACKGROUND In an era leaning toward a personalized alignment of total knee arthroplasty,coronal plane alignment of the knee(CPAK)phenotypes for each population are studied;furthermore,other possible variables affecting the alignment,such as ankle joint alignment,should be considered.AIM To determine CPAK distribution in the North African(Egyptian)population with knee osteoarthritis and to assess ankle joint line orientation(AJLO)adaptations across different CPAK types.METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with primary knee osteoarthritis and normal ankle joints.Radiographic parameters included the mechanical lateral distal femoral angle,medial proximal tibial angle,and the derived calculations of joint line obliquity(JLO)and arithmetic hip-knee-ankle angle(aHKA).The tibial plafond horizontal angle(TPHA)was used for AJLO assessment,where 0°is neutral(type N),<0°is varus(type A),and>0°is valgus(type B).The nine CPAK types were further divided into 27 subtypes after incorporating the three AJLO types.RESULTS A total of 527 patients(1054 knees)were included for CPAK classification,and 435 patients(870 knees and ankles)for AJLO assessment.The mean age was 57.2±7.8 years,with 79.5%females.Most knees(76.4%)demonstrated varus alignment(mean aHKA was-5.51°±4.84°)and apex distal JLO(55.3%)(mean JLO was 176.43°±4.53°).CPAK types I(44.3%),IV(28.6%),and II(10%)were the most common.Regarding AJLO,70.2%of ankles exhibited varus orientation(mean TPHA was-5.21°±6.45°).The most frequent combined subtypes were CPAK type I-A(33.7%),IV-A(21.5%),and I-N(6.9%).A significant positive correlation was found between the TPHA and aHKA(r=0.40,P<0.001).CONCLUSION In this North African cohort,varus knee alignment with apex distal JLO and varus AJLO predominated.CPAK types I,IV,and II were the most common types,while subtypes I-A,IV-A,and I-N were commonly occurring after incorporating AJLO types;furthermore,the AJLO was significantly correlated to aHKA.展开更多
Precipitation extremes are among the most dangerous climate-related hazards over China, and they are expected to significantly increase in the future in both frequency and intensity. Exposure to precipitation extremes...Precipitation extremes are among the most dangerous climate-related hazards over China, and they are expected to significantly increase in the future in both frequency and intensity. Exposure to precipitation extremes and changes therein are determined by extreme events and the corresponding population changes. Here, the authors analyze the changing population exposure across China in the future using ensembles of high-resolution simulations with Reg CM4 and population scenarios. The authors find that aggregate exposure over China increases by nearly 21.6% under the RCP4.5-SSP2 scenario by the end of this century, although populations are projected to decrease. East China will experience the largest absolute increase in exposure from 424 million person-events to 546 million person-events, while the Tibetan Plateau region will experience the largest relative increase of nearly 44.4%. This increase in exposure mainly results from the climate effect contribution. Further assessments indicate that the exposure increase over China does not rely on the greenhouse gas emissions and population growth scenarios, but the higher emissions scenario generally leads to higher exposure regardless of population growth, highlighting the efficacy of mitigation efforts in reducing exposure to precipitation extremes.展开更多
BACKGROUND Pyogenic liver abscess(PLA)is a rare disease with an estimated incidence that varies widely across the globe,being as high as 115.4/100000 habitants in Taiwan and as low as 1.1-1.2/100000 habitants in Europ...BACKGROUND Pyogenic liver abscess(PLA)is a rare disease with an estimated incidence that varies widely across the globe,being as high as 115.4/100000 habitants in Taiwan and as low as 1.1-1.2/100000 habitants in Europe and Canada.Even though there are multiple microorganisms capable of producing an abscess in the liver,including Entamoeba histolytica,fungi,and viruses,most abscesses are derived from bacterial infections.The epidemiology of PLA in Mexico is currently unknown.AIM To describe the clinical,demographic and microbiologic characteristics of PLA in Mexico.METHODS This is a retrospective study carried out in two centers,and included patients seen between 2006 and 2018 with the diagnosis of pyogenic abscess.We collected demographic,clinical,and microbiological information,treatment,complications,and outcomes.A logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between different variables and mortality rates.RESULTS A total of 345 patients were included in this study.233(67.5%)had confirmed PLA,133(30%)patients had no positive culture and negative serology and 9(2.5%)had mixed abscesses.The mean age was 50 years(ranging from 16-97 years)and 63%were female.65%of the patients had positive cultures for Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases(ESBL)-Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.Cefotaxime was administered in 60%of cases.The most common sources of infection were ascending cholangitis and cholecystitis in 34(10%)and 31(9%),respectively.The median length of hospital stay was 14 d.165 patients underwent percutaneous catheter drainage.The inpatient mortality rate was 63%.Immunocompromised state[OR 3.9,95%CI:1.42-10.46],ESBL-Escherichia coli[OR 6.7,95%CI:2.7-16.2]and Klebsiella pneumoniae[OR 4-8,95%CI:1.6-14.4]predicted inpatient mortality by multivariate analysis.CONCLUSION The prevalence of PLA is increasing in Mexico and has a very high mortality rate.ESBL-Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the most common microorganisms causing PLA and are independent predictors of inpatient mortality.展开更多
Floating population is a special population group in China resulting from the implementation of household registration system.This paper uses a set of floating population survey data,population censuses data and stati...Floating population is a special population group in China resulting from the implementation of household registration system.This paper uses a set of floating population survey data,population censuses data and statistical data to analyze the increase and influence of floating population on the urban population situations in Beijing.It is found that Beijing has experienced a rapid increase of floating population since the 1990s and that the increase of this group has become the key factor of the current population expansion in the city.Its distribution in the urban regions intensified and extended the suburbanization process of the capital.In addition,the population structures of sex,age,education and employment in Beijing have changed to some extent due to the influx of floating population.展开更多
The increase in extreme precipitation(EP)may pose a serious threat to the health and safety of population in arid and semi-arid regions.The current research on the impact of EP on population in Central Asia(CA)is insu...The increase in extreme precipitation(EP)may pose a serious threat to the health and safety of population in arid and semi-arid regions.The current research on the impact of EP on population in Central Asia(CA)is insufficient and there is an urgent need for a comprehensive assessment.Hence,we opted for precipitation and temperature data under two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5)from ten Global Climate Models(GCMs),which were obtained from the NASA Earth Exchange Global Daily Downscaled Projections(NEX-GDDP-CMIP6).By integrating population data in 2020 and 2050(SSP2 and SSP5),we investigated the future changes in EP and population exposure in CA under 1.5℃and 2℃global warming scenarios(GWSs).Our analysis indicates that EP in CA is projected to increase with global warming.Under the SSP5-8.5,the maximum daily precipitation(Rx1day)exhibits an average response rate to global warming of 3.58%/K(1.99-4.06%/K).With rising temperatures,an increasing number of areas and populations in CA will be impacted by EP,especially in the Fergana valley.Approximately 25%of the population(land area)in CA is exposed to Rx1day with increases of more than 8.31%(9.32%)under 1.5℃GWS and 14.18%(13.25%)under 2℃GWS.Controlling temperature rise can be effective in reducing population exposures to EP.For instance,limiting the temperature increase to 1.5℃instead of 2℃results in a 2.79%(1.75%-4.59%)reduction in population exposure to Rx1day.Finally,we found that climate change serves as the predominant factor influencing the population exposure to EP,while the role of population redistribution,although relatively minor,should not be disregarded.Particularly for prolonged drought,the role of population redistribution manifests negatively.展开更多
BACKGROUND The association of single nucleotide polymorphism of KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is currently controversial.It is unknown whether this association can be gene realized across dif...BACKGROUND The association of single nucleotide polymorphism of KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is currently controversial.It is unknown whether this association can be gene realized across different populations.AIM To determine the association of KCNQ1 rs2237895 with T2DM and provide reliable evidence for genetic susceptibility to T2DM.METHODS We searched PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,Medline,Baidu Academic,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,China Biomedical Literature Database,and Wanfang to investigate the association between KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 and the risk of T2DM up to January 12,2022.Review Manager 5.4 was used to analyze the association of the KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 polymorphism with T2DM and to evaluate the publication bias of the selected literature.RESULTS Twelve case–control studies(including 11273 cases and 11654 controls)met our inclusion criteria.In the full population,allelic model[odds ratio(OR):1.19;95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.09–1.29;P<0.0001],recessive model(OR:1.20;95%CI:1.11–1.29;P<0.0001),dominant model(OR:1.27.95%CI:1.14–1.42;P<0.0001),and codominant model(OR:1.36;95%CI:1.15–1.60;P=0.0003)(OR:1.22;95%CI:1.10–1.36;P=0.0002)indicated that the KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 polymorphism was significantly correlated with susceptibility to T2DM.In stratified analysis,this association was confirmed in Asian populations:allelic model(OR:1.25;95%CI:1.13–1.37;P<0.0001),recessive model(OR:1.29;95%CI:1.11–1.49;P=0.0007),dominant model(OR:1.35;95%CI:1.20–1.52;P<0.0001),codominant model(OR:1.49;95%CI:1.22–1.81;P<0.0001)(OR:1.26;95%CI:1.16–1.36;P<0.0001).In non-Asian populations,this association was not significant:Allelic model(OR:1.06,95%CI:0.98–1.14;P=0.12),recessive model(OR:1.04;95%CI:0.75–1.42;P=0.83),dominant model(OR:1.06;95%CI:0.98–1.15;P=0.15),codominant model(OR:1.08;95%CI:0.82–1.42;P=0.60.OR:1.15;95%CI:0.95–1.39;P=0.14).CONCLUSION KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 was significantly associated with susceptibility to T2DM in an Asian population.Carriers of the C allele had a higher risk of T2DM.This association was not significant in non-Asian populations.展开更多
AIM To investigate the association between hepatic steatosis and change in left ventricular mass index(LVMI) over five years, and examine whether systolic and diastolic blood pressures are mediators of the association...AIM To investigate the association between hepatic steatosis and change in left ventricular mass index(LVMI) over five years, and examine whether systolic and diastolic blood pressures are mediators of the association between hepatic steatosis and LVMI using a general population sample.METHODS We analyzed data from the Study of Health in Pomerania. The study population comprised 1298individuals aged 45 to 81 years. Hepatic steatosis was defined as the presence of a hyperechogenic pattern of the liver together with elevated serum alanine transferase levels. Left ventricular mass was determined echocardiographically and indexed to height2.7. Path analyses were conducted to differentiate direct and indirect paths from hepatic steatosis to LVMI encompassing systolic and diastolic blood pressure as potential mediating variables.RESULTS Hepatic steatosis was a significant predictor for all measured echocardiographic characteristics at baseline. Path analyses revealed that the association of hepatic steatosis with LVMI change after five years was negligibly small(β =-0.12, s.e. = 0.21, P = 0.55). Systolic blood pressure at baseline was inversely associated with LVMI change(β =-0.09, s.e. = 0.03, P < 0.01), while no association between diastolic blood pressure at baseline and LVMI change was evident(β = 0.03, s.e. = 0.05, P = 0.56). The effect of the indirect path from hepatic steatosis to LVMI via systolic baseline blood pressure was small(β =-0.20, s.e. = 0.10, P = 0.07). No indirect effect was observed for the path via diastolic baseline blood pressure(β = 0.03, s.e. = 0.06, P = 0.60). Similar associations were observed in the subgroup of individuals not receiving beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, or drugs acting on the reninangiotensin system.CONCLUSION Baseline associations between hepatic steatosis and LVMI do not extend to associations with LVMI change after five years. More studies are needed to study the longitudinal effects of hepatic steatosis on LVMI.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12261018)Universities Key Laboratory of Mathematical Modeling and Data Mining in Guizhou Province(2023013)。
文摘In this paper,we establish and study a single-species logistic model with impulsive age-selective harvesting.First,we prove the ultimate boundedness of the solutions of the system.Then,we obtain conditions for the asymptotic stability of the trivial solution and the positive periodic solution.Finally,numerical simulations are presented to validate our results.Our results show that age-selective harvesting is more conducive to sustainable population survival than non-age-selective harvesting.
基金support from the European Research Council(ERC)under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme(Grant agreement No.819202)the Research Council of Finland’s Flagship Programme and Doctoral Education Pilot under project Digital Waters(Grant No.359248)funded by the Research Council of Finland's Flagship ProgrammeStrategic Research Council(SRC)through project‘Water&Food’(Grant No.365512).
文摘Endowed with opportunities from both land and ocean,coastal areas attract expanding human populations and economic activities.At the same time,they face growing societal and environmental pressures from both the above river catchments and the bordering sea due to climate change,ecosystem degradation,and expansion of built-up areas.Despite the accumulation of human population,economic activities,and environmental impacts,we lack social-ecological systems analysis on water-related risks to world’s coastal human population.To address this research gap,we analyze the spatial extent of six globally important water stressors to people within the world’s coastal zone(100 km from the coastal line)and classify this zone globally into 12 groups by distance from the coastline and elevation from the mean sea level.Adopting the approaches of the UN Sendai Framework and IPCC,we produce risk maps from the stressor maps by multiplying them with population exposure and vulnerability.For most risks,geographical hotspots are the Chinese coast,Bay of Bengal,Gujarat,and the Island of Java.The analysis reveals fundamental differences between water stressors and related risks,often mixed in scholarly literature.Both manifest specific geographic patterns and latitudinal profiles.Our study highlights the importance of high-resolution spatial analysis of vulnerability,exposure,and risks posed by water related stressors in the world’s coastal zone,in a manner prompted by key policy bodies to promote policy design and shared responsibility for managing stress-prone areas.
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42271273)Swedish Research Council(VR:2021-02163).
文摘Global warming and socioeconomic development are expected to exacerbate human exposure to heat stress,but the extent and inequality of such changes remain unclear.Here,we quantified the future population exposure to heat stress(PEHS)under different Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSPs)and Representative Concentration Pathways(RCPs)scenarios using a novel decomposition framework that separates the contributions of climate change,population change,and their interaction.Results show that global PEHS will increase substantially during the 21st century,with low-latitude regions experiencing the largest absolute increases,and high-latitude regions facing the largest relative increases.Globally,projected increases in PEHS under SSP3-7.0 are roughly three times those under SSP1-2.6,with low latitudes contributing about 70%-75%of the global total.SSP1-2.6 most effectively limits future heat exposure,with the highest risks in low-latitude developing regions,underscoring the need for low-emission pathways and targeted population and urbanization management.The findings highlight the urgent need for both climate mitigation and population adaptation strategies to address the growing and uneven heat exposure risks worldwide.
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2024YFD2300301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 32472223 and 31901447)+1 种基金the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutionsthe Qinglan Project of Jiangsu Province, China
文摘Clarifying the photosynthetic and population characteristics of conventional japonica rice at different yield levels is crucial for boosting yield and ensuring food security.Therefore,a two-year field trial with two conventional japonica varieties was conducted at four planting densities:16 cm×30 cm(D1),14 cm×30 cm(D2),12 cm×30 cm(D3),and 10 cm×30 cm(D4).This study aimed to investigate how photosynthetic and population characteristics influence grain yield under varying planting densities.The results indicated that higher yields were primarily driven by increased grain weight and seed-setting rate(with a 9.68%‒11.40%higher single panicle weight),supported by optimized dry matter translocation and source-sink relationships.Elevated planting density(D2‒D4)enhanced panicle number and total spikelet number(by 3.91%‒15.00%)but reduced the number of spikelets per panicle,1000-grain weight,and photosynthetic efficiency due to mutual shading.Despite these trade-offs,yield increased by 4.10%‒12.42%under higher densities.The use of planting density D4 in japonica rice cultivation contributed to maximize yield.These findings provide important theoretical insights and practical significance for increasing the yield of conventional japonica rice and ensuring food security.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31770573)。
文摘Migratory divides,where individuals from distinct breeding populations within a species exhibit divergent migratory routes and strategies,play a critical role in shaping avian ecology and evolution.These divides can drive intraspecific genetic divergence and promote reproductive isolation,potentially leading to population differentiation and speciation.Understanding the migration strategies of populations utilizing distinct flyways is essential not only for elucidating the mechanisms underlying migration patterns but also for informing effective species conservation efforts.From 2014 to 2023,we used satellite tracking to monitor the migration patterns of 87 White-naped Cranes(Antigone vipio)from the species'two breeding populations—western(Mongolia)and eastern(Songnen Plain,China).We delineated their migratory routes,quantified key migration parameters,and identified their population-and season-specific differences in migratory strategies.Our results indicate that the Greater Khingan Mountains and the Bohai-Yellow Sea formed a distinct migratory barrier separating the eastern and western populations.Significant differences in migration strategies were observed between populations and seasons.The western population adopts a"longer-distance,slower-speed,more-stopover"strategy,while the eastern population employs a"shorter-distance,higher-speed,fewer-stopover"strategy.Our study identifies the migratory divides between the two populations of White-naped Cranes and highlights the importance of migratory divides in shaping distinct migration strategies.These findings enhance our understanding of the factors driving population-specific migration strategies and provide a foundation for tailored conservation efforts for these populations.
基金supported by the Open Research Fund of Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment(No.2024HPYKFZD04)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Publicinterest Scientific Institution(No.2025YSKY-04)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U1902207 and 42207265).
文摘Wind-induced circulation is the main form of lake flow for shallow lakes and plays an important role in algae population distribution.This study constructed a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model(EFDC)of the plateau lake Erhai,China using accuracy wind field observation,runoff data and monthly algae data during 2022–2023.The model successfully reproduced the circulation characteristics of Erhai under prevailing wind directions.The results showed that the lake flow velocity in Lake Erhai is higher in winter than in summer,with lower velocities near shore particularly in the northern and central parts of the lake.There is a negative correlation between algal biomass and flow velocity(FV)in different zones,with lower FV favoring the accumulation of algal biomass,particularly for Microcystis,Dolichospermum,and Peridinium.Additionally,due to buoyancy,cyanobacteria are highly affected by wind direction and tend to accumulate in downwind regions of the prevailing wind direction.This study demonstrates that wind-induced circulation is a crucial factor affecting the spatial distribution of dominant algae populations in shallow plateau lakes with weak hydrodynamic force.Further,the risk of bloom occurrence in Lake Erhai will be higher due to the background of global climate change and the lake’s wind speed decline.In conclusion,we suggest implementing targeted zoning measures to control algal blooms and establishing stricter regulations for nitrogen and phosphorus control to counterbalance the promotion of algal bloom accumulation in low-velocity zones caused by reduced wind speed.
文摘Cynomolgus macaques,a species of Old World primate native to southeastern and eastern Asia and the island of Mauritius,are one of the most important nonhuman primate models for infectious disease.Although the closely related rhesus macaque is classified into subspecies based on geographic origin,no such subdivision exists for cynomolgus macaques,and they continue to be used interchangeably in infectious disease research,reducing the comparability of data produced from these studies.Research into the population genetics of cynomolgus macaques has found significant differences between macaques native to different areas,including their genetic diversity,with macaques from insular populations such as Mauritius and the Philippines exhibiting highly restricted heterozygosity compared to mainland populations native to Indonesia or Cambodia.In the context of infectious disease studies,research into pathogens,including Ebola virus,Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus,and Mycobacterium tuberculosis have found differences in study outcomes,survival times,and immune cell responses between different populations of macaques.This review provides an overview of the differences between cynomolgus macaque populations in the context of genetic diversity,and in response to infection,and highlights the need for clear reporting of geographic origin of primates used in research.This will improve data comparison between studies and help to further refine this important animal model.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2022YFD2401305,2022YFD2401303)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42166005,42076097)。
文摘Stichopus chloronotus is a tropical sea cucumber with facultative asexual reproduction in the Indo-Western Pacific,yet its wild populations are decreasing due to extensive harvesting.Understanding the species’genetic characteristics is essential for effective management and conservation.To develop novel microsatellite markers and assess the genetic diversity,clonality,and genetic structure of eight populations of S.chloronotus in the South China Sea,193 individuals from eight populations across Wuzhizhou and Fenjiezhou(Boundary)islands were analyzed using nine newly developed microsatellite markers and five previously established markers.RNA-Seq was employed to obtained 62662 unigenes and identified 16926 microsatellite loci.Fourteen polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed,of which 11 were highly polymorphic(polymorphic information content>0.5).The number of alleles(N_(a))ranged from 3 to 6 per locus,and the average Shannon diversity index(I)was 1.107.All the populations exhibited asexual reproduction,with regional variations in reproductive modes.Asexual reproduction was predominant in the northwestern Wuzhizhou Island population(SY 7)and the Fenjiezhou Island population(LS 8),where four and five predominant clones represented more than 89%of the individuals,which led to reduced genetic diversity.Overall,genetic diversity was moderately low,with significant genetic differentiation among populations(F_(ST)=0.33;P<0.001),suggesting limited gene flow(the number of migrants(N_(m))<1).These findings highlight the role of reproductive strategies in shaping fine-scale genetic differentiation in S.chloronotus.The limited recruitment success of sexually produced larvae and habitat heterogeneity likely constrain clone dispersal,contributing to distinct genetic restructuring.This study provided key insights into the interplay between reproductive strategies and genetic patterns in sea cucumbers,offering a scientific basis for targeted conservation efforts.
文摘Purpose:ATLAS is a cross-sectional study aiming to investigate environmental and genetic determinants of athletic performance in healthy Greek competitive athletes(CA).This article presents the study design,investigates the muscle strength performance(MSP)of 289 adult and teenage CA,exercisers,and physically inactive individuals(PI),and proposes predictive models of MSP for adults.Methods:Muscle maximal,speed,and explosive strength(MMS/MSS/MES)at unilateral maximal concentric flexion and extension contraction(FC/EC)were evaluated using Biodex System 3 PRO^(TM)at 60°/s,180°/s,and 300°/s,while additional performance markers were assessed through field ergometric testing.Participants were interviewed about their lifestyle,dietary habits,physical activity,injury,and medical history.Body composition was assessed via bioelectrical impedance.gDNA was extracted from biochemical samples and then genotyped.Statistical analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics v21.0 and R.Results:Age,fitness,and sex impacted correlations of MSP with body composition and anthropometric measurements(p<0.05).Among CA,females outperformed males in accuracy(p<0.001)while,males outperformed females in anaerobic power,MSP,speed,and endurance(p<0.001).Adult CA outperformed exercisers and PI in MMS,MSS,and MES(p<0.05).Multiple linear regression models,with predictors age,FFM,body extremity,training load explained the majority of variation in MMS(R^(2)_(adj):71.4%–88.9%),MSS(R^(2)_(adj):64.8%–78.4%),and MES(R^(2)_(adj):52.7%–68.4%)at EC,FC,and their mean(p<0.001).Conclusions:Muscle-strengthening strategies should be customized according to individual fitness levels,body composition,and anthropometric measurements.The innovative sex-specific regression models assessing MMS,MSS,and MES at EC and FC provide a framework for personalizing rehabilitation and skill-specific training strategies.
文摘Varicella,a highly contagious respiratory infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus(VZV),predominantly affects children and is characterized by symptoms such as low-grade fever and vesicular rash[1,2].In China,varicella remains prevalent,with a steady increase in incidence,peaking at 70.14 cases per 100,000 individuals in 2019[3].Although the number of reported outbreaks and cases from 2020 to 2022 was lower than those from 2006 to 2012 and 2013 to 2019,varicella continues to pose a significant public health challenge[3].
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32172979)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(No.2021J05159)the 2023 Special Program for Promoting High-Quality Development of Marine and Fishery Industry in Fujian Province(No.PJHYF-L-2023-2)。
文摘The Fujian oyster(Crassostrea angulata) is an economically significant shellfish species distributed mainly along the Fujian coast, Southeast China. However, its genetic diversity and structure remain unclear. The main distribution area of the C. angulata is located in Fujian, South China. In total, 420 C. angulata were collected from 14 natural habitats(populations) along the Fujian coast, and their genetic diversity and structure were analyzed in the mitochondrial COI and nuclear gene ITS2 sequences. Results reveal that all the 14 populations of C. angulata exhibited high levels of genetic diversity, with a total of 57(haplotype diversity: 0.811±0.016) and 124(haplotype diversity: 0.912±0.007) haplotypes revealed by COI and ITS2, respectively. Notably, significant intermediate level of genetic differentiations between the Ningde Zhujiang(ZJ) population(FS T by COI: 0.035–0.142, P<0.05;FS T by ITS2: 0.078–0.123, P<0.05) with other populations were observed for the first time, which is also supported by the results of molecular variance analysis(FC T by COI: 0.105, P<0.05;FC T by ITS2: 0.086, P<0.05) and the clustering of the ZJ population into distinct branches in the interpopulation genetic differentiation tree. Furthermore, the evolutionary tree and haplotype network analyses do not support the formation of a clear geographical genealogical structure among these 14 populations. In addition, the population dynamics analysis suggests that the C. angulata may have undergone expansion during the third ice age of the Pleistocene. These results provide a reference for the preservation and further genetic improvement of C. angulata.
基金Supported by the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province(No.2023CXGC010411)the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2023YFD2400800,2022YFD2401301,2022FY100304)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42076092,41906083,41776179)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB42000000)the Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System(No.CARS-47)。
文摘The Saccostrea mordax Gould,1850 is a typical intertidal species,whose genetic differentiation is influenced by various factors,including geological and climatic changes.To explore the genetic structure and historical population characteristics of Saccostrea mordax,we sequenced the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COI)gene from 58 specimens sampled from four locations in the western Pacific.Additionally,103 individuals from the Persian Gulf and western Pacific(from databases)were included for phylogenetic analysis.The Bayesian Inference tree showed that all specimens were divided into two clades,i.e.,the Persian Gulf population and the western Pacific population.Spatial molecular variance analysis indicated significant genetic differentiation between the two populations,and isolation by distance analysis revealed a positive correlation between genetic differentiation and geographic distance.Neutrality tests and Bayesian Skyline Plot suggested that both populations underwent expansions during the late Pleistocene.This study revealed the population history of Saccostrea mordax and described a new lineage,Saccostrea mordax lineage D,providing a foundation for understanding oyster biodiversity formation and genetic resource conservation.
基金approved by Institutional Review Board of Faculty of Medicine in Assiut University,No.04-2024-300470.
文摘BACKGROUND In an era leaning toward a personalized alignment of total knee arthroplasty,coronal plane alignment of the knee(CPAK)phenotypes for each population are studied;furthermore,other possible variables affecting the alignment,such as ankle joint alignment,should be considered.AIM To determine CPAK distribution in the North African(Egyptian)population with knee osteoarthritis and to assess ankle joint line orientation(AJLO)adaptations across different CPAK types.METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with primary knee osteoarthritis and normal ankle joints.Radiographic parameters included the mechanical lateral distal femoral angle,medial proximal tibial angle,and the derived calculations of joint line obliquity(JLO)and arithmetic hip-knee-ankle angle(aHKA).The tibial plafond horizontal angle(TPHA)was used for AJLO assessment,where 0°is neutral(type N),<0°is varus(type A),and>0°is valgus(type B).The nine CPAK types were further divided into 27 subtypes after incorporating the three AJLO types.RESULTS A total of 527 patients(1054 knees)were included for CPAK classification,and 435 patients(870 knees and ankles)for AJLO assessment.The mean age was 57.2±7.8 years,with 79.5%females.Most knees(76.4%)demonstrated varus alignment(mean aHKA was-5.51°±4.84°)and apex distal JLO(55.3%)(mean JLO was 176.43°±4.53°).CPAK types I(44.3%),IV(28.6%),and II(10%)were the most common.Regarding AJLO,70.2%of ankles exhibited varus orientation(mean TPHA was-5.21°±6.45°).The most frequent combined subtypes were CPAK type I-A(33.7%),IV-A(21.5%),and I-N(6.9%).A significant positive correlation was found between the TPHA and aHKA(r=0.40,P<0.001).CONCLUSION In this North African cohort,varus knee alignment with apex distal JLO and varus AJLO predominated.CPAK types I,IV,and II were the most common types,while subtypes I-A,IV-A,and I-N were commonly occurring after incorporating AJLO types;furthermore,the AJLO was significantly correlated to aHKA.
基金This research was jointly supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences[grant number XDA23090102]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 41922034]+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China[grant number 2016YFA0602401]the CAS-PKU Joint Research Program.
文摘Precipitation extremes are among the most dangerous climate-related hazards over China, and they are expected to significantly increase in the future in both frequency and intensity. Exposure to precipitation extremes and changes therein are determined by extreme events and the corresponding population changes. Here, the authors analyze the changing population exposure across China in the future using ensembles of high-resolution simulations with Reg CM4 and population scenarios. The authors find that aggregate exposure over China increases by nearly 21.6% under the RCP4.5-SSP2 scenario by the end of this century, although populations are projected to decrease. East China will experience the largest absolute increase in exposure from 424 million person-events to 546 million person-events, while the Tibetan Plateau region will experience the largest relative increase of nearly 44.4%. This increase in exposure mainly results from the climate effect contribution. Further assessments indicate that the exposure increase over China does not rely on the greenhouse gas emissions and population growth scenarios, but the higher emissions scenario generally leads to higher exposure regardless of population growth, highlighting the efficacy of mitigation efforts in reducing exposure to precipitation extremes.
文摘BACKGROUND Pyogenic liver abscess(PLA)is a rare disease with an estimated incidence that varies widely across the globe,being as high as 115.4/100000 habitants in Taiwan and as low as 1.1-1.2/100000 habitants in Europe and Canada.Even though there are multiple microorganisms capable of producing an abscess in the liver,including Entamoeba histolytica,fungi,and viruses,most abscesses are derived from bacterial infections.The epidemiology of PLA in Mexico is currently unknown.AIM To describe the clinical,demographic and microbiologic characteristics of PLA in Mexico.METHODS This is a retrospective study carried out in two centers,and included patients seen between 2006 and 2018 with the diagnosis of pyogenic abscess.We collected demographic,clinical,and microbiological information,treatment,complications,and outcomes.A logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between different variables and mortality rates.RESULTS A total of 345 patients were included in this study.233(67.5%)had confirmed PLA,133(30%)patients had no positive culture and negative serology and 9(2.5%)had mixed abscesses.The mean age was 50 years(ranging from 16-97 years)and 63%were female.65%of the patients had positive cultures for Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases(ESBL)-Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.Cefotaxime was administered in 60%of cases.The most common sources of infection were ascending cholangitis and cholecystitis in 34(10%)and 31(9%),respectively.The median length of hospital stay was 14 d.165 patients underwent percutaneous catheter drainage.The inpatient mortality rate was 63%.Immunocompromised state[OR 3.9,95%CI:1.42-10.46],ESBL-Escherichia coli[OR 6.7,95%CI:2.7-16.2]and Klebsiella pneumoniae[OR 4-8,95%CI:1.6-14.4]predicted inpatient mortality by multivariate analysis.CONCLUSION The prevalence of PLA is increasing in Mexico and has a very high mortality rate.ESBL-Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the most common microorganisms causing PLA and are independent predictors of inpatient mortality.
文摘Floating population is a special population group in China resulting from the implementation of household registration system.This paper uses a set of floating population survey data,population censuses data and statistical data to analyze the increase and influence of floating population on the urban population situations in Beijing.It is found that Beijing has experienced a rapid increase of floating population since the 1990s and that the increase of this group has become the key factor of the current population expansion in the city.Its distribution in the urban regions intensified and extended the suburbanization process of the capital.In addition,the population structures of sex,age,education and employment in Beijing have changed to some extent due to the influx of floating population.
基金supported by the Tienshan Talent Program in Xinjiang(Grant No.2023TSYCLJ0050)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42122004)the West Light Founda-tion of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.xbzg-zdsys-202208).
文摘The increase in extreme precipitation(EP)may pose a serious threat to the health and safety of population in arid and semi-arid regions.The current research on the impact of EP on population in Central Asia(CA)is insufficient and there is an urgent need for a comprehensive assessment.Hence,we opted for precipitation and temperature data under two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5)from ten Global Climate Models(GCMs),which were obtained from the NASA Earth Exchange Global Daily Downscaled Projections(NEX-GDDP-CMIP6).By integrating population data in 2020 and 2050(SSP2 and SSP5),we investigated the future changes in EP and population exposure in CA under 1.5℃and 2℃global warming scenarios(GWSs).Our analysis indicates that EP in CA is projected to increase with global warming.Under the SSP5-8.5,the maximum daily precipitation(Rx1day)exhibits an average response rate to global warming of 3.58%/K(1.99-4.06%/K).With rising temperatures,an increasing number of areas and populations in CA will be impacted by EP,especially in the Fergana valley.Approximately 25%of the population(land area)in CA is exposed to Rx1day with increases of more than 8.31%(9.32%)under 1.5℃GWS and 14.18%(13.25%)under 2℃GWS.Controlling temperature rise can be effective in reducing population exposures to EP.For instance,limiting the temperature increase to 1.5℃instead of 2℃results in a 2.79%(1.75%-4.59%)reduction in population exposure to Rx1day.Finally,we found that climate change serves as the predominant factor influencing the population exposure to EP,while the role of population redistribution,although relatively minor,should not be disregarded.Particularly for prolonged drought,the role of population redistribution manifests negatively.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation for the Higher Education Institutions of Anhui Province of China,No.2023AH050561,No.2022AH051143,No.KJ2021A0266,and No.KJ2021A1228School-level offline courses,No.2021xjkc13.
文摘BACKGROUND The association of single nucleotide polymorphism of KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is currently controversial.It is unknown whether this association can be gene realized across different populations.AIM To determine the association of KCNQ1 rs2237895 with T2DM and provide reliable evidence for genetic susceptibility to T2DM.METHODS We searched PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,Medline,Baidu Academic,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,China Biomedical Literature Database,and Wanfang to investigate the association between KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 and the risk of T2DM up to January 12,2022.Review Manager 5.4 was used to analyze the association of the KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 polymorphism with T2DM and to evaluate the publication bias of the selected literature.RESULTS Twelve case–control studies(including 11273 cases and 11654 controls)met our inclusion criteria.In the full population,allelic model[odds ratio(OR):1.19;95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.09–1.29;P<0.0001],recessive model(OR:1.20;95%CI:1.11–1.29;P<0.0001),dominant model(OR:1.27.95%CI:1.14–1.42;P<0.0001),and codominant model(OR:1.36;95%CI:1.15–1.60;P=0.0003)(OR:1.22;95%CI:1.10–1.36;P=0.0002)indicated that the KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 polymorphism was significantly correlated with susceptibility to T2DM.In stratified analysis,this association was confirmed in Asian populations:allelic model(OR:1.25;95%CI:1.13–1.37;P<0.0001),recessive model(OR:1.29;95%CI:1.11–1.49;P=0.0007),dominant model(OR:1.35;95%CI:1.20–1.52;P<0.0001),codominant model(OR:1.49;95%CI:1.22–1.81;P<0.0001)(OR:1.26;95%CI:1.16–1.36;P<0.0001).In non-Asian populations,this association was not significant:Allelic model(OR:1.06,95%CI:0.98–1.14;P=0.12),recessive model(OR:1.04;95%CI:0.75–1.42;P=0.83),dominant model(OR:1.06;95%CI:0.98–1.15;P=0.15),codominant model(OR:1.08;95%CI:0.82–1.42;P=0.60.OR:1.15;95%CI:0.95–1.39;P=0.14).CONCLUSION KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 was significantly associated with susceptibility to T2DM in an Asian population.Carriers of the C allele had a higher risk of T2DM.This association was not significant in non-Asian populations.
基金Supported by Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung(BMBF),No.01 ZZ 0103
文摘AIM To investigate the association between hepatic steatosis and change in left ventricular mass index(LVMI) over five years, and examine whether systolic and diastolic blood pressures are mediators of the association between hepatic steatosis and LVMI using a general population sample.METHODS We analyzed data from the Study of Health in Pomerania. The study population comprised 1298individuals aged 45 to 81 years. Hepatic steatosis was defined as the presence of a hyperechogenic pattern of the liver together with elevated serum alanine transferase levels. Left ventricular mass was determined echocardiographically and indexed to height2.7. Path analyses were conducted to differentiate direct and indirect paths from hepatic steatosis to LVMI encompassing systolic and diastolic blood pressure as potential mediating variables.RESULTS Hepatic steatosis was a significant predictor for all measured echocardiographic characteristics at baseline. Path analyses revealed that the association of hepatic steatosis with LVMI change after five years was negligibly small(β =-0.12, s.e. = 0.21, P = 0.55). Systolic blood pressure at baseline was inversely associated with LVMI change(β =-0.09, s.e. = 0.03, P < 0.01), while no association between diastolic blood pressure at baseline and LVMI change was evident(β = 0.03, s.e. = 0.05, P = 0.56). The effect of the indirect path from hepatic steatosis to LVMI via systolic baseline blood pressure was small(β =-0.20, s.e. = 0.10, P = 0.07). No indirect effect was observed for the path via diastolic baseline blood pressure(β = 0.03, s.e. = 0.06, P = 0.60). Similar associations were observed in the subgroup of individuals not receiving beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, or drugs acting on the reninangiotensin system.CONCLUSION Baseline associations between hepatic steatosis and LVMI do not extend to associations with LVMI change after five years. More studies are needed to study the longitudinal effects of hepatic steatosis on LVMI.
