Wireless sensor networks are widely used for its flexibility, but they also suffer from problems like limited capacity, large node number and vulnerability to security threats. In this paper, we propose a multi-path r...Wireless sensor networks are widely used for its flexibility, but they also suffer from problems like limited capacity, large node number and vulnerability to security threats. In this paper, we propose a multi-path routing protocol based on the credible cluster heads. The protocol chooses nodes with more energy remained as cluster heads at the cluster head choosing phase, and then authenticates them by the neighbor cluster heads. Using trust mechanisms it creates the credit value, and based on the credit value the multi-path cluster head routing can finally be found. The credit value is created and exchanged among the cluster heads only. Theoretical analysis combined with simulation results demonstrate that this protocol can save the resource, prolong the lifetime, and ensure the security and performance of the network.展开更多
Correlation and path coefficient analyses were conducted for 10 characteristics of 24 pure lines of flue-cured tobacco such as plant height, knot distance, leaf number, the central leaf length and width, ratio of the ...Correlation and path coefficient analyses were conducted for 10 characteristics of 24 pure lines of flue-cured tobacco such as plant height, knot distance, leaf number, the central leaf length and width, ratio of the length to width, stem girth, dates of budding, leaf yield and ratio of the prime-medium tobacco. The leaf number and the central leaf length showed a positive or a strong positive correlation with the yield per plant. And the leaf number and leaf yield per plant showed a strong positive correlation with the ratio of prime-medium tobacco. The results showed that the leaf yield per plant among these characteristics played a major role in determining the ratio of prime-medium tobacco while the others were less related with the ratio. Square sum of deviation method cluster analyses showed that 24 pure lines of flue-cured tobacco were clustered into two groups. Of the pure lines, Line T1706 and Line T1245 had a far relationship with all other lines, and also had a heterosis when crossed with the other lines. Lines Guangdonghuang 1 and R72（3）B-2-1 were closely related.展开更多
A hierarchical scheme for clustering data is presented which applies to spaces with a high number of dimensions (). The data set is first reduced to a smaller set of partitions (multi-dimensional bins). Multiple clust...A hierarchical scheme for clustering data is presented which applies to spaces with a high number of dimensions (). The data set is first reduced to a smaller set of partitions (multi-dimensional bins). Multiple clustering techniques are used, including spectral clustering;however, new techniques are also introduced based on the path length between partitions that are connected to one another. A Line-of-Sight algorithm is also developed for clustering. A test bank of 12 data sets with varying properties is used to expose the strengths and weaknesses of each technique. Finally, a robust clustering technique is discussed based on reaching a consensus among the multiple approaches, overcoming the weaknesses found individually.展开更多
Chinese herbal medicine is the material basis for the inheritance and development of Chinese medicine, and is a strategic resource related to the national economy and the peoples livelihood. Chinese herbal medicine in...Chinese herbal medicine is the material basis for the inheritance and development of Chinese medicine, and is a strategic resource related to the national economy and the peoples livelihood. Chinese herbal medicine industry is an important component of the great health industry. Yunnan is the region with the richest biodiversity in the same latitude in the world. Among them, the diversity and superiority of medicinal plants are prominent. Chinese herbal medicines are rich in varieties, high in quality, significant in geographical indications and huge in production capacity, which is an important support for Yunnan to build a world-class "three cards". However, as a biodiversity area, the innovation and development of Chinese herbal medicine resources in Yunnan are not enough, the industrial restructuring and aggregation are insufficient, and the industrial cluster with high correlation, long chain and multi engines has not yet been formed, and the development potential of its diversity and superiority is far from being released. To this end, we will carry out resource reorganization around the development of the Chinese herbal medicine industry, explore the development path of "museum + industrial cluster" of Chinese herbal medicine, integrate and link the three industries, build an "aircraft carrier" for the development of the whole industrial chain cluster, and promote the development of Yunnan Chinese herbal medicine into a 100 billion and trillion level health industry.展开更多
Marine cultural industry is a special part of cultural industry and is a frontier research field of local cultural industry. Using theoretical study combined with field survey,this paper listed Lu Jiazhi,Daishan Dongs...Marine cultural industry is a special part of cultural industry and is a frontier research field of local cultural industry. Using theoretical study combined with field survey,this paper listed Lu Jiazhi,Daishan Dongsha Town,Putuo Mountain,Zhujiajian,Shenjiamen,Changzhi Island,Mayi Island,Taiyang Valley,Zhujiajian Baishan,and Taohua Island in Zhoushan Islands. From three core rules of cultural industry cluster,namely,rules of combination and extension of industry chain,rules of location advantage and selection,and rules of industrial agglomeration and linkage,to fully reveal inherent rules and development ideas for marine cultural industry cluster in Zhoushan Islands. It came up with recommendations for developing marine cultural industry cluster in accordance with resource endowment characteristics of each island. It is of certain directive significance for the development of marine cultural industry cluster in Zhoushan Islands.展开更多
Cultivating the marine bio-industry cluster is a key industrial strategy for Zhanjiang to seize the manufacturing position of Guangdong's marine economy. By deconstructing the overall scale,characteristics and ind...Cultivating the marine bio-industry cluster is a key industrial strategy for Zhanjiang to seize the manufacturing position of Guangdong's marine economy. By deconstructing the overall scale,characteristics and industrial composition of marine bio-industry cluster and the development status of the industrial parks and bases in Zhanjiang,the resource misallocation coefficient was used to analyze the problems in the marine bio-industry cluster and the resource allocation in Zhanjiang. It is found that in the cultivation of the marine bio-industry cluster in Zhanjiang,the leading effect of leading enterprises needs to be upgraded,the key technologies needs to be broken,the scientific and technological service system needs to be improved,and policy support needs to be strengthened. Moreover,there are serious resource misallocation and high efficiency losses. By optimizing resource allocation,the healthy development of cultivation of marine bio-industry cluster in Zhanjiang will be promoted. To this end,the policy paths that the government can implement are as follows: improving the market access system to appropriately guide medium and small-sized marine enterprises to enter the marine bio-industry,inspiring the marine bio-industry market demand with the industrialization of innovation results as the guide,improving the legal guarantee system to create an innovative atmosphere for the marine bio-industry,and promoting the deepening of the division of labor in the industrial parks.展开更多
In hierarchical networks, nodes are separated to play different roles such as CHs and cluster members. Each CH collects data from the cluster members within its cluster, aggregates the data and then transmits the data...In hierarchical networks, nodes are separated to play different roles such as CHs and cluster members. Each CH collects data from the cluster members within its cluster, aggregates the data and then transmits the data to the sink. Each algorithm that is used for packet routing in quality of service (QoS) based applications should be able to establish a tradeoffs between end to end delay parameter and energy consumption. Therefore, enabling QoS applications in sensor networks requires energy and QoS awareness in different layers of the protocol stack. We propose a QoS based and Energy aware Multi-path Hierarchical Routing Algorithm in wireless sensor networks namely QEMH. In this protocol, we try to satisfy the QoS requirements with the minimum energy via hierarchical methods. Our routing protocol includes two phase. In first phase, performs cluster heads election based on two parameters: node residual energy and node distance to sink. In second phase, accomplishes routes discovery using multiple criteria such as residual energy, remaining buffer size, signal-to-noise ratio and distance to sink. When each node detect an event can send data to the CH as single hop and CH to the sink along the paths. We use a weighted traffic allocation strategy to distribute the traffic amongst the available paths to improve the end to end delay and throughput. In this strategy, the CH distributes the traffic between the paths according to the end to end delay of each path. The end to end delay of each path is obtained during the paths discovery phase. QEMH maximizes the network lifetime as load balancing that causes energy consume uniformly throughout the network. Furthermore employs a queuing model to handle both real-time and non-real-time traffic. By means of simulations, we evaluate and compare the performance of our routing protocol with the MCMP and EAP protocols. Simulation results show that our proposed protocol is more efficient than those protocols in providing QoS requirements and minimizing energy consumption.展开更多
This article is an addendum to the 2001 paper [1] which investigated an approach to hierarchical clustering based on the level sets of a density function induced on data points in a d-dimensional feature space. We ref...This article is an addendum to the 2001 paper [1] which investigated an approach to hierarchical clustering based on the level sets of a density function induced on data points in a d-dimensional feature space. We refer to this as the “level-sets approach” to hierarchical clustering. The density functions considered in [1] were those formed as the sum of identical radial basis functions centered at the data points, each radial basis function assumed to be continuous, monotone decreasing, convex on every ray, and rising to positive infinity at its center point. Such a framework can be investigated with respect to both the Euclidean (L2) and Manhattan (L1) metrics. The addendum here puts forth some observations and questions about the level-sets approach that go beyond those in [1]. In particular, we detail and ask the following questions. How does the level-sets approach compare with other related approaches? How is the resulting hierarchical clustering affected by the choice of radial basis function? What are the structural properties of a function formed as the sum of radial basis functions? Can the levels-sets approach be theoretically validated? Is there an efficient algorithm to implement the level-sets approach?展开更多
文摘Wireless sensor networks are widely used for its flexibility, but they also suffer from problems like limited capacity, large node number and vulnerability to security threats. In this paper, we propose a multi-path routing protocol based on the credible cluster heads. The protocol chooses nodes with more energy remained as cluster heads at the cluster head choosing phase, and then authenticates them by the neighbor cluster heads. Using trust mechanisms it creates the credit value, and based on the credit value the multi-path cluster head routing can finally be found. The credit value is created and exchanged among the cluster heads only. Theoretical analysis combined with simulation results demonstrate that this protocol can save the resource, prolong the lifetime, and ensure the security and performance of the network.
基金Supported by Platform Construction for Germplasm Resources of China Tobacco (2007, 152)
文摘Correlation and path coefficient analyses were conducted for 10 characteristics of 24 pure lines of flue-cured tobacco such as plant height, knot distance, leaf number, the central leaf length and width, ratio of the length to width, stem girth, dates of budding, leaf yield and ratio of the prime-medium tobacco. The leaf number and the central leaf length showed a positive or a strong positive correlation with the yield per plant. And the leaf number and leaf yield per plant showed a strong positive correlation with the ratio of prime-medium tobacco. The results showed that the leaf yield per plant among these characteristics played a major role in determining the ratio of prime-medium tobacco while the others were less related with the ratio. Square sum of deviation method cluster analyses showed that 24 pure lines of flue-cured tobacco were clustered into two groups. Of the pure lines, Line T1706 and Line T1245 had a far relationship with all other lines, and also had a heterosis when crossed with the other lines. Lines Guangdonghuang 1 and R72（3）B-2-1 were closely related.
文摘A hierarchical scheme for clustering data is presented which applies to spaces with a high number of dimensions (). The data set is first reduced to a smaller set of partitions (multi-dimensional bins). Multiple clustering techniques are used, including spectral clustering;however, new techniques are also introduced based on the path length between partitions that are connected to one another. A Line-of-Sight algorithm is also developed for clustering. A test bank of 12 data sets with varying properties is used to expose the strengths and weaknesses of each technique. Finally, a robust clustering technique is discussed based on reaching a consensus among the multiple approaches, overcoming the weaknesses found individually.
文摘Chinese herbal medicine is the material basis for the inheritance and development of Chinese medicine, and is a strategic resource related to the national economy and the peoples livelihood. Chinese herbal medicine industry is an important component of the great health industry. Yunnan is the region with the richest biodiversity in the same latitude in the world. Among them, the diversity and superiority of medicinal plants are prominent. Chinese herbal medicines are rich in varieties, high in quality, significant in geographical indications and huge in production capacity, which is an important support for Yunnan to build a world-class "three cards". However, as a biodiversity area, the innovation and development of Chinese herbal medicine resources in Yunnan are not enough, the industrial restructuring and aggregation are insufficient, and the industrial cluster with high correlation, long chain and multi engines has not yet been formed, and the development potential of its diversity and superiority is far from being released. To this end, we will carry out resource reorganization around the development of the Chinese herbal medicine industry, explore the development path of "museum + industrial cluster" of Chinese herbal medicine, integrate and link the three industries, build an "aircraft carrier" for the development of the whole industrial chain cluster, and promote the development of Yunnan Chinese herbal medicine into a 100 billion and trillion level health industry.
文摘Marine cultural industry is a special part of cultural industry and is a frontier research field of local cultural industry. Using theoretical study combined with field survey,this paper listed Lu Jiazhi,Daishan Dongsha Town,Putuo Mountain,Zhujiajian,Shenjiamen,Changzhi Island,Mayi Island,Taiyang Valley,Zhujiajian Baishan,and Taohua Island in Zhoushan Islands. From three core rules of cultural industry cluster,namely,rules of combination and extension of industry chain,rules of location advantage and selection,and rules of industrial agglomeration and linkage,to fully reveal inherent rules and development ideas for marine cultural industry cluster in Zhoushan Islands. It came up with recommendations for developing marine cultural industry cluster in accordance with resource endowment characteristics of each island. It is of certain directive significance for the development of marine cultural industry cluster in Zhoushan Islands.
基金Supported by Philosophy and Social Science Project of Guangdong Ocean University(qhjh2017zx13)Guangdong Soft Science Research Project(2016A070705063)
文摘Cultivating the marine bio-industry cluster is a key industrial strategy for Zhanjiang to seize the manufacturing position of Guangdong's marine economy. By deconstructing the overall scale,characteristics and industrial composition of marine bio-industry cluster and the development status of the industrial parks and bases in Zhanjiang,the resource misallocation coefficient was used to analyze the problems in the marine bio-industry cluster and the resource allocation in Zhanjiang. It is found that in the cultivation of the marine bio-industry cluster in Zhanjiang,the leading effect of leading enterprises needs to be upgraded,the key technologies needs to be broken,the scientific and technological service system needs to be improved,and policy support needs to be strengthened. Moreover,there are serious resource misallocation and high efficiency losses. By optimizing resource allocation,the healthy development of cultivation of marine bio-industry cluster in Zhanjiang will be promoted. To this end,the policy paths that the government can implement are as follows: improving the market access system to appropriately guide medium and small-sized marine enterprises to enter the marine bio-industry,inspiring the marine bio-industry market demand with the industrialization of innovation results as the guide,improving the legal guarantee system to create an innovative atmosphere for the marine bio-industry,and promoting the deepening of the division of labor in the industrial parks.
文摘In hierarchical networks, nodes are separated to play different roles such as CHs and cluster members. Each CH collects data from the cluster members within its cluster, aggregates the data and then transmits the data to the sink. Each algorithm that is used for packet routing in quality of service (QoS) based applications should be able to establish a tradeoffs between end to end delay parameter and energy consumption. Therefore, enabling QoS applications in sensor networks requires energy and QoS awareness in different layers of the protocol stack. We propose a QoS based and Energy aware Multi-path Hierarchical Routing Algorithm in wireless sensor networks namely QEMH. In this protocol, we try to satisfy the QoS requirements with the minimum energy via hierarchical methods. Our routing protocol includes two phase. In first phase, performs cluster heads election based on two parameters: node residual energy and node distance to sink. In second phase, accomplishes routes discovery using multiple criteria such as residual energy, remaining buffer size, signal-to-noise ratio and distance to sink. When each node detect an event can send data to the CH as single hop and CH to the sink along the paths. We use a weighted traffic allocation strategy to distribute the traffic amongst the available paths to improve the end to end delay and throughput. In this strategy, the CH distributes the traffic between the paths according to the end to end delay of each path. The end to end delay of each path is obtained during the paths discovery phase. QEMH maximizes the network lifetime as load balancing that causes energy consume uniformly throughout the network. Furthermore employs a queuing model to handle both real-time and non-real-time traffic. By means of simulations, we evaluate and compare the performance of our routing protocol with the MCMP and EAP protocols. Simulation results show that our proposed protocol is more efficient than those protocols in providing QoS requirements and minimizing energy consumption.
文摘This article is an addendum to the 2001 paper [1] which investigated an approach to hierarchical clustering based on the level sets of a density function induced on data points in a d-dimensional feature space. We refer to this as the “level-sets approach” to hierarchical clustering. The density functions considered in [1] were those formed as the sum of identical radial basis functions centered at the data points, each radial basis function assumed to be continuous, monotone decreasing, convex on every ray, and rising to positive infinity at its center point. Such a framework can be investigated with respect to both the Euclidean (L2) and Manhattan (L1) metrics. The addendum here puts forth some observations and questions about the level-sets approach that go beyond those in [1]. In particular, we detail and ask the following questions. How does the level-sets approach compare with other related approaches? How is the resulting hierarchical clustering affected by the choice of radial basis function? What are the structural properties of a function formed as the sum of radial basis functions? Can the levels-sets approach be theoretically validated? Is there an efficient algorithm to implement the level-sets approach?
