BACKGROUND：Studies have reported that nitric oxide synthase （NOS） inhibitor can prolong the latency of hyperbaric oxygen-induced convulsion （HBOC）. However, there are very few reports addressing the influence of ...BACKGROUND：Studies have reported that nitric oxide synthase （NOS） inhibitor can prolong the latency of hyperbaric oxygen-induced convulsion （HBOC）. However, there are very few reports addressing the influence of NOS inhibitor on mental behavior. OBJECTIVE： To investigate behavioral changes after HBOC in gerbils, as well as the influence of NOS inhibitor. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： Randomized experiments were performed in the Laboratory of Hyperbaric Pressure and Diving Physiology, Naval Medical Research Institute of Chinese PLA （Shanghai, China） from March 2005 to June 2007. MATERIALS： Forty male gerbils were randomly divided into five groups： HBOC, saline control, NOS inhibitor, pressure control, and normal control. Each group contained eight animals. METHODS： In the HBOC group, once depression induction ended, animals were removed from the chamber five minutes after the first appearance of generalized convulsion induced by 0.5 MPa hyperbaric oxygen. Ten minutes before entering the chamber, saline control and NOS inhibitor animals were intraperitoneally injected with 1 mL saline and 20 mg/kg NG-nitro-L-arginine, respectively. The pressure control group was only exposed to 0.5 MPa. The remaining procedures in these three groups were identical to the HBOC group. The normal control group received no intervention. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Open field test scores in gerbils prior to HBOC, as well as immediately, 24 hours, and 72 hours after decompression ended. RESULTS： HBOC was not detected in either the normal control or the pressure control group, and there were no significant differences in open field test scores prior to and after HBOC （P 〉 0.05）. HBOC occurred in the HBOC, saline control, and NOS inhibitor groups, with significant differences in open field test scores after decompression ended compared to normal control and pressure control groups （P 〈 0.05–0.01）. Compared to the HBOC and saline control groups, the NOS inhibitor group exhibited a significantly lower score in the open field test immediately after decompression, and a higher score at 24 and 72 hours （P 〈 0.05–0.01）. CONCLUSION： NOS inhibitor can regulate behavioral changes in gerbils after HBOC.展开更多
We observed for the first time the differences of immunoreactive β-endorphin(IR -β- EP) content in plasma, pituitary and hypothalamus of rats under various conditionsusing radioimmunoassay (RIA) and the effects of n...We observed for the first time the differences of immunoreactive β-endorphin(IR -β- EP) content in plasma, pituitary and hypothalamus of rats under various conditionsusing radioimmunoassay (RIA) and the effects of naloxone and β - endorphin (β- EP) antiserumon initial time of convulsions (ITC), severity of convulsions(SOC) and mortality on surface(MOS) of rats to hyperbaric oxygen(HBO). The results suggest thatβ- EP may partici-pate in the course of oxygen - induced convulsions and be one of endogenous convulsion - causingagents.展开更多
This paper introduces one case of a child with hyperpyretic convulsion treated successfully by acupuncture. It is considered that acupuncture therapy have synergistic effect with western medicine treatment during the ...This paper introduces one case of a child with hyperpyretic convulsion treated successfully by acupuncture. It is considered that acupuncture therapy have synergistic effect with western medicine treatment during the treatment of children with continuous convulsion.展开更多
Fructose-1,6-diphosphate is a metabolic intermediate that promotes cell metabolism. We hypothesize that fructose-1,6-diphosphate can protect against neuronal damage induced by febrile convulsions. Hot-water bathing wa...Fructose-1,6-diphosphate is a metabolic intermediate that promotes cell metabolism. We hypothesize that fructose-1,6-diphosphate can protect against neuronal damage induced by febrile convulsions. Hot-water bathing was used to establish a repetitive febrile convulsion model in rats aged 21 days, equivalent to 3–5 years in humans. Ninety minutes before each seizure induction, rats received an intraperitoneal injection of low- or high-dose fructose-1,6-diphosphate（500 or 1,000 mg/kg, respectively）. Low- and high-dose fructose-1,6-diphosphate prolonged the latency and shortened the duration of seizures. Furthermore, high-dose fructose-1,6-diphosphate effectively reduced seizure severity. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that 24 hours after the last seizure, high-dose fructose-1,6-diphosphate reduced mitochondrial swelling, rough endoplasmic reticulum degranulation, Golgi dilation and synaptic cleft size, and increased synaptic active zone length, postsynaptic density thickness, and synaptic interface curvature in the hippocampal CA1 area. The present findings suggest that fructose-1,6-diphosphate is a neuroprotectant against hippocampal neuron and synapse damage induced by repeated febrile convulsion in immature rats.展开更多
The content of somatostatin(SS) in hippocampus,striatum and frontal cortex tissues of rats exposed to 600 kpa hyperbaric oxygen was determined by means of radioimmunoassay. Initial time of convulsion, severity of conv...The content of somatostatin(SS) in hippocampus,striatum and frontal cortex tissues of rats exposed to 600 kpa hyperbaric oxygen was determined by means of radioimmunoassay. Initial time of convulsion, severity of convulsion and survival time of rats with convulsion exposed to 700 kPa hyperbaric oxygen after intraperitoneal injection of cysteamine (CSH) or intracerebroventricular injection of anti-somatostatin serum(ASS) were also observed. The results showed that the content of SS in hippocampus and striatum tissues increased remarkably when rats were at near-convulsion ; by the time the rats developed convulsion,it had a significant increase in all brain areas observed. Intraperitoneal injection of CSH or intracerebroventricular injection of ASS could delay initial time of convulsion (ITC),prolong survival time (ST) and reduce severity of convulsion (SOC). These results suggest that SS might play a role in oxygen-induced convulsion and be one of the endogenous agents which caused oxygeninduced convulsion.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Studies on febrile convulsion （FC）-caused brain injury are disputed in many aspects. How FC cause nervous system injury in the developmental period and what are the characteristics of these pathological...BACKGROUND： Studies on febrile convulsion （FC）-caused brain injury are disputed in many aspects. How FC cause nervous system injury in the developmental period and what are the characteristics of these pathological injury are unknown. The current studies have demonstrated that berne oxygenase-1 （HO-1） exerts effects on brain injury mainly by catalyzing hemoglobin to produce degradation products, and HO-1 not only has neuroprotective effects, but also has neurotoxic effects during the FC-caused brain injury. Study on the effect of zinc protoporphyrin （ZnPP） on brain injury is still in the stage of animal experiment. OBJECTIVE： To observe the effects of ZnPP on carbon monoxide （CO）/HO-1 system of rats subjected to FC, and to analyze the action pathway of ZnPP in brain protective effect. DESIGN： A randomized controlled animal experiment. SETTING： Department of Pediatrics, First Hospital Affiliated to Jiamusi University. MATERIALS： Sixty-five Wistar rats, of either gender, were involved in this study. They were randomized into normal control group（ n =14, 37℃ water bath） and febrile treatment group （n =51, 44.5℃ hot water bath）. Febrile treatment group was sub-divided into febrile non-convulsion group （FNC group, n =16） and FC group （n =35）. FC group was further sub-divided into simple convulsion group （n =20） and ZnPP treatment group （n =15）. HO-1 mRNA in situ hybridization kit was provided by Boster Bioengineering Co.,Ltd. ZnPP（dark brown powder） was the product of Jingmei Bioengineering Company. METHODS： This study was carried out in the postgraduate laboratory of Jiamusi University between January 2004 and January 2007. Rats in the febrile treatment group were placed in the 44.5℃ hot water bath box. If rats did not convulse in the water within 5 minutes, they were taken out, namely FNC group （n = 16）, and those, which were convulsed within 5 minutes, were taken out immediately when they presented such a phenomenon, namely FC group （n =35）. Convulsion induction was conducted once every other day, totally 10 times. Rats were euthanized for analysis at 24 hours after the last induction. Rats in the control group were placed in the 37℃ water. Rats in the ZnPP treatment group were intraperitoneally injected with ZnPP at 45 μ mol/kg before FC attack. Rats in the simple convulsion group were only induced to be convulsed but not administrated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： CO level in the brain tissue homogenate and plasma of rats in each group was detected with a spectrophotometer. HO-1 mRNA expression in the hippocampal CAI region, CA3 region and dentate gyrus of rats was observed by in situ hybridization technique. RESULTS： Sixty-five Wistar rats were involved in the study. Two rats died respectively due to drowning and convulsion in the FC group. One rat died due to convulsion drowning in the ZnPP treatment group. ①Plasma CO concentration of control group and ZnPP treatment group was significantly lower than that of the FC group （P 〈 0.01）, and was significantly higher in the ZnPP treatment group than in the FNC group （P 〈 0.05）. ②CO level in the brain tissue homogenate was significantly lower in the control group and ZnPP treatment group than in the FC group （P 〈 0.01）, and was very significantly higher in the ZnPP treatment group than in the control group （P 〈 0.01）. ③HO-1 mRNA expressions in the neuron of hippocampal CAl region, CA3 region and dentate gyrus of the control group were the lowerest, and those in the FC group were the highest. HO-1 mRNA expression in the neuron of dentate gyrus in the FC group was significantly higher than that in the ZnPP treatment group （P 〈 0.01）, and those in the FNC group and control group was significantly lower than that in the ZnPP treatment group （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： FC can cause brain injury. Over-expression of HO-I mRNA and the increase of CO are involved in the patho-physiological process of FC. ZnPP can inhibit HO-lmRNA activity and decrease CO level, which is one of pathways for protecting brain.展开更多
This study sought to elucidate the correlation between cyclinD1 expression and the emergence of neovascularization in oxygen-induced retinopathy （OIR）. OIR was induced in Sprague-Dawley 7-day-old neonatal rats expos...This study sought to elucidate the correlation between cyclinD1 expression and the emergence of neovascularization in oxygen-induced retinopathy （OIR）. OIR was induced in Sprague-Dawley 7-day-old neonatal rats exposed to hyperoxia （75% O2） for 5 days, and then returned to room air. Adenosine diphosphatase staining showed that the neovascularization started to emerge at rat age of day 14, and reached a peak at day 17, then gradually decreased and resolved by day 26. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining revealed that cyclinD1 protein expression was seen in the OIR rats at the age of day 12, then gradually increased and returned to normal levels by day 26. These experimental findings demonstrated that the temporal pattern of cyclinD1 protein expression is consistent with the emergence of retinal neovascularization.展开更多
Gentianine has been shown to have a protective effect on hippocampal CA1 neurons in rats subjected to recurrent febrile convulsion（FC）.The present study sought to explore the possible mechanism of gentianine by intr...Gentianine has been shown to have a protective effect on hippocampal CA1 neurons in rats subjected to recurrent febrile convulsion（FC）.The present study sought to explore the possible mechanism of gentianine by intraperitoneally injecting gentianine into rats with warm water-induced FC.The results revealed that neuronal organelle injury was slightly ameliorated in the hippocampal CA1 region.The level of glutamate was decreased,but the level of γ-aminobutyric acid was increased,as detected by ninhydrin staining.In addition,glutamate acid decarboxylase expression in hippocampal CA1 was increased,as determined by immunohistochemistry.The results demonstrated that gentianine can ameliorate FC-induced neuronal injury by enhancing glutamate acid decarboxylase activity,decreasing glutamate levels and increasing γ-aminobutyric acid levels.展开更多
AIM:To investigate whether inhibition of acetylcholinesterase(AChE)by donepezil ameliorate aberrant retinal neovascularization(RNV)and abnormal glial activation in oxygen-induced retinopathy(OIR).METHODS:A mouse model...AIM:To investigate whether inhibition of acetylcholinesterase(AChE)by donepezil ameliorate aberrant retinal neovascularization(RNV)and abnormal glial activation in oxygen-induced retinopathy(OIR).METHODS:A mouse model of RNV was induced in postnatal day 7(P7)mice by exposure to 75%oxygen.Donepezil was administrated to P12 mice by intraperitoneal injection.Expression and localization of AChE in mouse retinas were determined by immunofluorescence.RNV was evaluated by paraffin sectioning and hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining.Activation of retinal M uller glial cells were examined by immunoblot of glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP).rMC-1.a retinal Muller cell line,was used for in vitro study.Expression of hypoxia-induced factor 1α(HIF-1α)and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)were determined by Western-blot analysis,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)or immunostaining.RESULTS:Aberrant RNV and glial activation was observed after OIR.Of note,retinal AChE was mainly expressed by retinal Muller glial cells and markedly increased in OIR mice.Systemic administration of donepezil significantly reduced RNV and abnormal glial activation in mice with OIR.Moreover,ischemia-induced HIF-1αaccumulation and VEGF upregulation in OIR mouse retinas and cultured rMC-1 were significantly inhibited by donepezil intervention.CONCLUSION:AchE is implicated in RNV with OIR.Inhibition of AChE by donepeizl is likely to be a potential therapeutic approach for retinal neovascular diseases.展开更多
AIM: To explore the role of unc5b in retinal neovascularization in murine oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). METHODS: On postnatal 7 (P7), C57BL/6J mice were exposed to 75% +/- 2% oxygen for 5 days. On postnatal 12 (P1...AIM: To explore the role of unc5b in retinal neovascularization in murine oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). METHODS: On postnatal 7 (P7), C57BL/6J mice were exposed to 75% +/- 2% oxygen for 5 days. On postnatal 12 (P12), the mice were brought back to the room air (21% oxygen) to induce retinal neovascularization. Western blot analysis was performed to examine the temporal expression of unc5b in murine retinas. Double staining for unc5b and isolectin B4 were employed to determine the location of unc5b in murine retinas. The effect of unc5b on retinal neovascularization was evaluated by intravitreal injection of unc5b-FC in mice with OIR. Retinal neovascularization was measured by counting neovascular cell nuclei above the internal limiting membrane and by angiography of flat-mounted retinas perfused with fluorescein dextran. o RESULTS: Compared to age-matched normal mice, the expression of unc5b was significantly increased in retinas of OIR mice on P17 and P21. Unc5b was apparently expressed in retinal vessels of OIR while being negative in normal retinal vessels. Retinal neovascularization in eyes injected with unc5b-FC was significantly reduced. CONCLUSION: Unc5b-FC can effectively inhibit retinal neovascularization induced by OIR. It may serve as a powerful and novel therapy for ischemia-induced retinal disease.展开更多
AIM:To determine the prevalence of recent immunisation amongst children under 7 years of age presenting for febrile convulsions.METHODS:This is a retrospective study of all children under the age of seven presenting w...AIM:To determine the prevalence of recent immunisation amongst children under 7 years of age presenting for febrile convulsions.METHODS:This is a retrospective study of all children under the age of seven presenting with febrile convulsions to a tertiary referral hospital in Sydney.A total of 78 cases occurred in the period January 2011 to July 2012 and were included in the study.Data was extracted from medical records to provide a retrospective review of the convulsions.RESULTS:Of the 78 total cases,there were five medical records which contained information on whether or not immunisation had been administered in the preceding 48 h to presentation to the emergency department.Of these five patients only one patient(1.28%of the study population) was confirmed to have received a vaccination with Infanrix,Prevnar and Rotavirus.The majority of cases reported a current infection as a likely precipitant to the febrile convulsion.CONCLUSION:This study found a very low prevalence of recent immunisation amongst children with febrile convulsions presenting to an emergency department at a tertiary referral hospital in Sydney.This finding,however,may have been distorted by underreporting of vaccination history.展开更多
Background: Neonatal seizures are the most prominent feature of neurological dysfunction during neonatal period, which are abnormal electrical discharges in the central nervous system of neonates, usually manifest as ...Background: Neonatal seizures are the most prominent feature of neurological dysfunction during neonatal period, which are abnormal electrical discharges in the central nervous system of neonates, usually manifest as stereotyped muscular activity or autonomic changes, occurring in approximately 1.8 - 3.5/1000 live birth. Objective: The aims of study are to determine prevalence rate, natural history, time of onset, etiological factors, clinical types and the short term outcome of neonatal convulsion. Settings: This study conducted in Neonatal Department at Benghazi Children Hospital—Libya. Patients and Methods: Descriptive cross sectional study, included all neonates who developing clinically identifiable seizures, admitted from 1st of March 2013 to 1st of March 2014. The data collected by using a designed perform including;gender, nationality, residence, place of transfer, gestational age, time of onset, mode of delivery, and history of maternal diseases, family history of neonatal seizures in previous siblings or death, jaundice and exchange transfusion were taken. Details examination include dysmorphic features, weight, head circumference were recorded. Types of seizures were diagnosed by clinical observations, and the etiology of neonatal seizures had been identified from imaging study and from initial relevant investigations which include blood glucose levels, arterial blood gases, serum calcium, electrolytes, phosphate and cerebrospinal fluid examination for evidence of infection. In addition to treatments received, as well as causes of deaths. Results: A total of 2842 neonates were admitted to NNW, out of which 150 had seizures. 86 (57%) were male with M:F ratio of 1.3:1. (97%) were Libyan and (76%) from Benghazi, (42%) admitted directly from home. 131 (87%) were term and 15 (10%) preterm. Most of neonatal seizures (76%) were seen in the 1st week of life, and during initial 72 hours of life (63%), with 24% presented in 1st 24 hours of life. Vaginal delivery conducted in 101 (67%), C/S 49 (33%). Among babies with birth asphyxia, 76% delivered vaginally. 43/150 mothers presented with different medical problems, 32% of them had preeclampsia followed by diabetes in 28%. 127 (85%) babies had normal birth weight and 128 (86%) lie within normal range of head circumference. The most common type of seizure was subtle (48%) followed by clonic (36%). Cranial ultrasound performed to 110 (73%), among them, 16 babies MRI or CT scan were done. The most common cause of seizure was birth asphyxia (30%) followed by infection (16%), hypocalcemia (14%). Phenobarbitone was the most common drug used in treatment (60%), followed by phenytoin (40%) and resistant cases for treatment received pyridoxine (2%). 77 (52%) improved and discharged home without treatment. Mortality rate was 15%;among them 44% from IEM, followed by birth asphyxia 22%. There is strong association between main causes and the outcome with p = 0.005. Conclusion: The majority of neonates in our study were full term and male. The most common etiology of seizures is birth asphyxia. Hypocalcemia is the most common biochemical abnormality. Subtle represents the commonest type of seizure. Phenobarbitone is still the most commonly prescribed anticonvulsant. Inborn error of metabolism carries a higher mortality rate. Statically analysis showed there is significant association between main causes of neonatal convulsions and the outcome with p = 0.005.展开更多
AIM: To identify disease-related miRNAs in retinas of mice with oxygen-induced retinopathy(OIR), and to explore their potential roles in retinal pathological neovascularization. METHODS: The retinal miRNA expression ...AIM: To identify disease-related miRNAs in retinas of mice with oxygen-induced retinopathy(OIR), and to explore their potential roles in retinal pathological neovascularization. METHODS: The retinal miRNA expression profile in mice with OIR and room air controls at postnatal day 17(P17) were determined through miRNA microarray analysis. Several miRNAs were significantly up-and down-regulated in retinas of mice with OIR compared to controls by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR). Two databases including Targetscan7.1 and MirdbV5 were used to predict target genes that associated with those significantly altered mi RNAs in retinas of mice with OIR. Gene Ontology(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway analyses were also conducted to identify possible biological functions of the target genes. RESULTS: In comparison with room air controls, 3 and 8 miRNAs were significantly up-and down-regulated, respectively, in retinas of mice with OIR. The qRT-PCR data confirmed that mmu-miR-350-3 p and mmu-miR-202-3 p were significantly up-regulated, while mmu-miR-711 and mmu-miR-30 c-1-3 p were significantly down-regulated in mice with OIR compared to controls. GO analysis demonstrated that the identified target genes were related to functions such as cellular macromolecule metabolic process. KEGG pathway analysis showed a group of pathways, such as Wnt signaling pathway, transcriptionalmisregulation in cancer, Mucin type O-glycan biosynthesis, and mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) signaling pathway might be involved in pathological process of retinal neovascularization. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the differentially expressed miRNAs in retinas of mice with OIR might provide potential therapeutic targets for treating retinal neovascularization.展开更多
AIM: To investigate whether the complement system is involved in a murine model of oxygen-induced retinopathy(OIR).METHODS: Forty C57BL/6J newborn mice were divided randomly into OIR group and control group. OIR was i...AIM: To investigate whether the complement system is involved in a murine model of oxygen-induced retinopathy(OIR).METHODS: Forty C57BL/6J newborn mice were divided randomly into OIR group and control group. OIR was induced by exposing mice to 75% ±2% oxygen from postnatal 7d(P7) to P12 and then recovered in room air.For the control group, the litters were raised in room air.At the postnatal 17d(P17), gene expressions of the complement components of the classical pathway(CP),the mannose-binding lectin(MBL) pathway and the alternative pathway(AP) in the retina were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). Retinal protein expressions of the key components in the CP were examined by Western blotting.· RESULTS: Whole mounted retina in the OIR mice showed area of central hypoperfusion in both superficial and deep layers and neovascular tufts in the periphery.The expressions of C1 qb and C4 b genes in the OIR retina were significantly higher than those of the controls. The expression of retinal complement factor B(CFB) gene in OIR mice was significantly lower than those of the controls. However, the expressions of C3 and complement factor H(CFH) genes were higher. The protein synthesis of the key components involved in the CP(C1q, C4 and C3) were also significantly higher in OIR mouse retina. Although MBL-associated serine protease 1(MASP1) and MASP2 were detected in both the OIR and the control groups, the expressions were weak and the difference between the two groups was not significant.CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that the complement system CP is activated during the pathogenesis of murine model of OIR.展开更多
Dissociative convulsions, a prominent form of dissociative (conversion) disorder formerly known as hysteria, are a common and elusive differential diagnosis from epilepsy. However, the treatment of such patients is al...Dissociative convulsions, a prominent form of dissociative (conversion) disorder formerly known as hysteria, are a common and elusive differential diagnosis from epilepsy. However, the treatment of such patients is always challenging and frustrating due to poor response to the routinely used interventions in most situations. Here, we present a case with dissociative convulsions in order to catch the eye of the clinicians and researchers on the recognition of clinical manifestation and exploration of therapeutic strategies.展开更多
BACKGROUND Febrile convulsions are a common pediatric emergency that imposes significant psychological stress on children and their families.Targeted emergency care and psychological nursing are widely applied in clin...BACKGROUND Febrile convulsions are a common pediatric emergency that imposes significant psychological stress on children and their families.Targeted emergency care and psychological nursing are widely applied in clinical practice,but their value and impact on the management of pediatric febrile convulsions are unclear.AIM To determine the impact of targeted emergency nursing combined with psychological nursing on satisfaction in children with febrile convulsions.METHODS Data from 111 children with febrile convulsions who received treatment at Nantong Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital between June 2021 and October 2022 were analyzed.The control group consisted of 44 children who received conventional nursing care and the research group consisted of 67 children who received targeted emergency and psychological nursing.The time to fever resolution,time to resolution of convulsions,length of hospital stays,Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index,patient compliance,nursing satisfaction of the parents,occurrence of complications during the nursing process,and parental anxiety and depression were compared between the control and research groups.Parental anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression(HAMD)and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety(HAMA).RESULTS The fever resolution,convulsion disappearance,and hospitalization times were longer in the control group compared with the research group(P<0.0001).The time to falling asleep,sleep time,sleep quality,sleep disturbance,sleep efficiency,and daytime status scores were significantly better in the research group compared with the control group(P<0.0001).The HAMD and HAMA scores for parents of children in the research group were lower than the scores in the control group after nursing(P<0.05).Compliance with treatment of children in the research group was higher than in the control group(P<0.05).Parental satisfaction with nursing in the research group was higher than in the control group(P<0.05).The total complication rate of children in the control group was higher than in the research group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Combining psychological nursing with targeted emergency nursing improved the satisfaction of children’s families and compliance with treatment and promoted early recovery of clinical symptoms and improvement of sleep quality.展开更多
Objective: To evaluate the anticonvulsant effect of the essential oil of Myrothamnus moschatus(M. moschatus) in convulsion induced by pentylenetetrazole and picrotoxin in rodent models.Methods: The essential oil of th...Objective: To evaluate the anticonvulsant effect of the essential oil of Myrothamnus moschatus(M. moschatus) in convulsion induced by pentylenetetrazole and picrotoxin in rodent models.Methods: The essential oil of the aerial parts of M. moschatus was extracted by steam distillation. Thereafter, it was injected subcutaneously to rats and mice at escalating doses(0.1–0.8 m L/kg). Ten minutes after drug injection, pentylenetetrazole was injected intraperitoneally to rats and picrotoxin was administered to mice by the same route.Diazepam served as the positive control. Every single animal was placed into transparent cage and observed for convulsive behavior for 30 min by using ordinary security cameras connected to a video recorder. Death occurring for a period of 24 h was also recorded.Results: The essential oil at 0.8 m L/kg completely arrested the pentylenetetrazole-induced convulsion without any sedative effect and delayed its appearance at lower doses, but showed moderate activities on picrotoxin-induced convulsion. For the rats treated with pentylenetetrazole alone, the mortality was 100% within 1 h, but for the rats pre-treated with the essential oil, the mortality was 0%. For the mice treated with picrotoxin, the mortality rate was also 100%, while 20%–100% died in those that had been pre-treated with the oil.Conclusions: The results confirmed at least partly the traditional uses of the smoke of M. moschatus for the management of convulsion, and implied that the essential oil may inhibit the convulsion by GABAergic neuromodulation.展开更多
Objective: Febrile convulsion in children is age-dependent and genetic predisposition. However, mild electrolyte disturbances are not uncommon in such children. This study was to investigate the effect of electrolyte ...Objective: Febrile convulsion in children is age-dependent and genetic predisposition. However, mild electrolyte disturbances are not uncommon in such children. This study was to investigate the effect of electrolyte disturbance on febrile convulsion and to screen for febrile convulsion-related genes. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included children who admitted to the Pediatric Emergency Department of Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center due to fever and febrile convulsion between May to December 2020. Clinical manifestations and serum electrolyte levels were recorded and analyzed by binary logistic regression on risk factors of convulsion, and children with family histories were screened for febrile convulsion-related genes. Results: This study included 322 children with fever: 161 in the febrile convulsion group (FC Group) including 71 in the single convulsion group (SC Group) and 90 in the multiple convulsion group (MC Group), and the control group consisted of 161 children with fever without convulsion and nervous system disease. Serum sodium, potassium and calcium in FC Group were lower than those in the control group (p Conclusion: Hyponatremia may be a relative risk factor in febrile convulsion, and for children with a family history of febrile convulsion and serum sodium lower than 133 mmol/L, related gene analysis can be performed.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to limit intermittent diazcpam prophyiaxis of children with FC to the patients who haye the second recurrence.A series of 156 children with FC received prophylactic treatment.During 1￣5 ...The purpose of this study was to limit intermittent diazcpam prophyiaxis of children with FC to the patients who haye the second recurrence.A series of 156 children with FC received prophylactic treatment.During 1￣5 years for Follow-up (average,2 years and 10 months),28 cases of prophylactic group suffered recurrence of FC 48 times. 54 of 126 cases in control group suffered it 108 times. The difference in case number and recurrent rate between the prophylactic and control groups was highly significant (P<0. 01). Diazepam was found tO be considerably effective in reducing the risk of recurrence of FC.展开更多
AIM: To study the inhibitory effect of intravitreal captopril on oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) in mice. METHODS: Eighty postnatal day (P)7 C57BL/63 mice were randomly divided into treated group and control group wi...AIM: To study the inhibitory effect of intravitreal captopril on oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) in mice. METHODS: Eighty postnatal day (P)7 C57BL/63 mice were randomly divided into treated group and control group with forty mice in each group. The mice were exposed to 75% 2% oxygen for 5 days (P7-P11) and then returned to room air for 5 days (P12-P17) to induce retinal neovascularization (RNV). Beginning on P12, the mice in treated group received daily intravitreal injections of captopril(3.0mL/kg), while those in control group received daily intravitreal injections of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (3.0mL/kg) through P17. After anesthetized at P17, one eye was chosen randomly as experimental eye and were enucleated. RNV was examined by Adenosine diphosphate-ase (ADPase) stained retina flat-mounts and was quantitated histologically by counting the neovascular endothelial cell nuclei anterior to inner limiting membrane (ILM). The expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured by immunohistochemical method. RESULTS: Comparing with control group, more regular distributions, better branch and reduced density of RNV were observed in eyes of treated group. The number of neovascular cell nuclei was less in treated group than that in control group ( t =6.135, P <0.01). Stain of MMP-2 and VEGF was weaker in treated group than that in control group. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that captopril can significantly inhibit RNV in OIR mice.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND：Studies have reported that nitric oxide synthase （NOS） inhibitor can prolong the latency of hyperbaric oxygen-induced convulsion （HBOC）. However, there are very few reports addressing the influence of NOS inhibitor on mental behavior. OBJECTIVE： To investigate behavioral changes after HBOC in gerbils, as well as the influence of NOS inhibitor. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： Randomized experiments were performed in the Laboratory of Hyperbaric Pressure and Diving Physiology, Naval Medical Research Institute of Chinese PLA （Shanghai, China） from March 2005 to June 2007. MATERIALS： Forty male gerbils were randomly divided into five groups： HBOC, saline control, NOS inhibitor, pressure control, and normal control. Each group contained eight animals. METHODS： In the HBOC group, once depression induction ended, animals were removed from the chamber five minutes after the first appearance of generalized convulsion induced by 0.5 MPa hyperbaric oxygen. Ten minutes before entering the chamber, saline control and NOS inhibitor animals were intraperitoneally injected with 1 mL saline and 20 mg/kg NG-nitro-L-arginine, respectively. The pressure control group was only exposed to 0.5 MPa. The remaining procedures in these three groups were identical to the HBOC group. The normal control group received no intervention. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Open field test scores in gerbils prior to HBOC, as well as immediately, 24 hours, and 72 hours after decompression ended. RESULTS： HBOC was not detected in either the normal control or the pressure control group, and there were no significant differences in open field test scores prior to and after HBOC （P 〉 0.05）. HBOC occurred in the HBOC, saline control, and NOS inhibitor groups, with significant differences in open field test scores after decompression ended compared to normal control and pressure control groups （P 〈 0.05–0.01）. Compared to the HBOC and saline control groups, the NOS inhibitor group exhibited a significantly lower score in the open field test immediately after decompression, and a higher score at 24 and 72 hours （P 〈 0.05–0.01）. CONCLUSION： NOS inhibitor can regulate behavioral changes in gerbils after HBOC.
文摘We observed for the first time the differences of immunoreactive β-endorphin(IR -β- EP) content in plasma, pituitary and hypothalamus of rats under various conditionsusing radioimmunoassay (RIA) and the effects of naloxone and β - endorphin (β- EP) antiserumon initial time of convulsions (ITC), severity of convulsions(SOC) and mortality on surface(MOS) of rats to hyperbaric oxygen(HBO). The results suggest thatβ- EP may partici-pate in the course of oxygen - induced convulsions and be one of endogenous convulsion - causingagents.
文摘This paper introduces one case of a child with hyperpyretic convulsion treated successfully by acupuncture. It is considered that acupuncture therapy have synergistic effect with western medicine treatment during the treatment of children with continuous convulsion.
基金financially supported by the Medical Innovations Fund of Xi’an Jiaotong University,No.GH0203214Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital Incubator Fund Projects+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30901600Shaanxi Provincial Scientific and Technological Research Projects,No.2006K14-G12,2005K14-G7
文摘Fructose-1,6-diphosphate is a metabolic intermediate that promotes cell metabolism. We hypothesize that fructose-1,6-diphosphate can protect against neuronal damage induced by febrile convulsions. Hot-water bathing was used to establish a repetitive febrile convulsion model in rats aged 21 days, equivalent to 3–5 years in humans. Ninety minutes before each seizure induction, rats received an intraperitoneal injection of low- or high-dose fructose-1,6-diphosphate（500 or 1,000 mg/kg, respectively）. Low- and high-dose fructose-1,6-diphosphate prolonged the latency and shortened the duration of seizures. Furthermore, high-dose fructose-1,6-diphosphate effectively reduced seizure severity. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that 24 hours after the last seizure, high-dose fructose-1,6-diphosphate reduced mitochondrial swelling, rough endoplasmic reticulum degranulation, Golgi dilation and synaptic cleft size, and increased synaptic active zone length, postsynaptic density thickness, and synaptic interface curvature in the hippocampal CA1 area. The present findings suggest that fructose-1,6-diphosphate is a neuroprotectant against hippocampal neuron and synapse damage induced by repeated febrile convulsion in immature rats.
文摘The content of somatostatin(SS) in hippocampus,striatum and frontal cortex tissues of rats exposed to 600 kpa hyperbaric oxygen was determined by means of radioimmunoassay. Initial time of convulsion, severity of convulsion and survival time of rats with convulsion exposed to 700 kPa hyperbaric oxygen after intraperitoneal injection of cysteamine (CSH) or intracerebroventricular injection of anti-somatostatin serum(ASS) were also observed. The results showed that the content of SS in hippocampus and striatum tissues increased remarkably when rats were at near-convulsion ; by the time the rats developed convulsion,it had a significant increase in all brain areas observed. Intraperitoneal injection of CSH or intracerebroventricular injection of ASS could delay initial time of convulsion (ITC),prolong survival time (ST) and reduce severity of convulsion (SOC). These results suggest that SS might play a role in oxygen-induced convulsion and be one of the endogenous agents which caused oxygeninduced convulsion.
基金Key Program of Science and Technology Research of Heilongjiang Province in 2006, No.11511400
文摘BACKGROUND： Studies on febrile convulsion （FC）-caused brain injury are disputed in many aspects. How FC cause nervous system injury in the developmental period and what are the characteristics of these pathological injury are unknown. The current studies have demonstrated that berne oxygenase-1 （HO-1） exerts effects on brain injury mainly by catalyzing hemoglobin to produce degradation products, and HO-1 not only has neuroprotective effects, but also has neurotoxic effects during the FC-caused brain injury. Study on the effect of zinc protoporphyrin （ZnPP） on brain injury is still in the stage of animal experiment. OBJECTIVE： To observe the effects of ZnPP on carbon monoxide （CO）/HO-1 system of rats subjected to FC, and to analyze the action pathway of ZnPP in brain protective effect. DESIGN： A randomized controlled animal experiment. SETTING： Department of Pediatrics, First Hospital Affiliated to Jiamusi University. MATERIALS： Sixty-five Wistar rats, of either gender, were involved in this study. They were randomized into normal control group（ n =14, 37℃ water bath） and febrile treatment group （n =51, 44.5℃ hot water bath）. Febrile treatment group was sub-divided into febrile non-convulsion group （FNC group, n =16） and FC group （n =35）. FC group was further sub-divided into simple convulsion group （n =20） and ZnPP treatment group （n =15）. HO-1 mRNA in situ hybridization kit was provided by Boster Bioengineering Co.,Ltd. ZnPP（dark brown powder） was the product of Jingmei Bioengineering Company. METHODS： This study was carried out in the postgraduate laboratory of Jiamusi University between January 2004 and January 2007. Rats in the febrile treatment group were placed in the 44.5℃ hot water bath box. If rats did not convulse in the water within 5 minutes, they were taken out, namely FNC group （n = 16）, and those, which were convulsed within 5 minutes, were taken out immediately when they presented such a phenomenon, namely FC group （n =35）. Convulsion induction was conducted once every other day, totally 10 times. Rats were euthanized for analysis at 24 hours after the last induction. Rats in the control group were placed in the 37℃ water. Rats in the ZnPP treatment group were intraperitoneally injected with ZnPP at 45 μ mol/kg before FC attack. Rats in the simple convulsion group were only induced to be convulsed but not administrated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： CO level in the brain tissue homogenate and plasma of rats in each group was detected with a spectrophotometer. HO-1 mRNA expression in the hippocampal CAI region, CA3 region and dentate gyrus of rats was observed by in situ hybridization technique. RESULTS： Sixty-five Wistar rats were involved in the study. Two rats died respectively due to drowning and convulsion in the FC group. One rat died due to convulsion drowning in the ZnPP treatment group. ①Plasma CO concentration of control group and ZnPP treatment group was significantly lower than that of the FC group （P 〈 0.01）, and was significantly higher in the ZnPP treatment group than in the FNC group （P 〈 0.05）. ②CO level in the brain tissue homogenate was significantly lower in the control group and ZnPP treatment group than in the FC group （P 〈 0.01）, and was very significantly higher in the ZnPP treatment group than in the control group （P 〈 0.01）. ③HO-1 mRNA expressions in the neuron of hippocampal CAl region, CA3 region and dentate gyrus of the control group were the lowerest, and those in the FC group were the highest. HO-1 mRNA expression in the neuron of dentate gyrus in the FC group was significantly higher than that in the ZnPP treatment group （P 〈 0.01）, and those in the FNC group and control group was significantly lower than that in the ZnPP treatment group （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： FC can cause brain injury. Over-expression of HO-I mRNA and the increase of CO are involved in the patho-physiological process of FC. ZnPP can inhibit HO-lmRNA activity and decrease CO level, which is one of pathways for protecting brain.
文摘This study sought to elucidate the correlation between cyclinD1 expression and the emergence of neovascularization in oxygen-induced retinopathy （OIR）. OIR was induced in Sprague-Dawley 7-day-old neonatal rats exposed to hyperoxia （75% O2） for 5 days, and then returned to room air. Adenosine diphosphatase staining showed that the neovascularization started to emerge at rat age of day 14, and reached a peak at day 17, then gradually decreased and resolved by day 26. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining revealed that cyclinD1 protein expression was seen in the OIR rats at the age of day 12, then gradually increased and returned to normal levels by day 26. These experimental findings demonstrated that the temporal pattern of cyclinD1 protein expression is consistent with the emergence of retinal neovascularization.
基金the Key Project of Technology of Ministry of Education, No. 2007029
文摘Gentianine has been shown to have a protective effect on hippocampal CA1 neurons in rats subjected to recurrent febrile convulsion（FC）.The present study sought to explore the possible mechanism of gentianine by intraperitoneally injecting gentianine into rats with warm water-induced FC.The results revealed that neuronal organelle injury was slightly ameliorated in the hippocampal CA1 region.The level of glutamate was decreased,but the level of γ-aminobutyric acid was increased,as detected by ninhydrin staining.In addition,glutamate acid decarboxylase expression in hippocampal CA1 was increased,as determined by immunohistochemistry.The results demonstrated that gentianine can ameliorate FC-induced neuronal injury by enhancing glutamate acid decarboxylase activity,decreasing glutamate levels and increasing γ-aminobutyric acid levels.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81960177,No.81741058,No.81400427,No.81460163,No.81300786)Grants from Jiangxi Science and Technology Department(No.20192BAB205049,No.20142BDH80005,No.20142BAB215029,No.20132BAB205024)Research Grants from Jiangxi Education Department(No.GJJ14094,No.GJJ13175)。
文摘AIM:To investigate whether inhibition of acetylcholinesterase(AChE)by donepezil ameliorate aberrant retinal neovascularization(RNV)and abnormal glial activation in oxygen-induced retinopathy(OIR).METHODS:A mouse model of RNV was induced in postnatal day 7(P7)mice by exposure to 75%oxygen.Donepezil was administrated to P12 mice by intraperitoneal injection.Expression and localization of AChE in mouse retinas were determined by immunofluorescence.RNV was evaluated by paraffin sectioning and hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining.Activation of retinal M uller glial cells were examined by immunoblot of glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP).rMC-1.a retinal Muller cell line,was used for in vitro study.Expression of hypoxia-induced factor 1α(HIF-1α)and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)were determined by Western-blot analysis,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)or immunostaining.RESULTS:Aberrant RNV and glial activation was observed after OIR.Of note,retinal AChE was mainly expressed by retinal Muller glial cells and markedly increased in OIR mice.Systemic administration of donepezil significantly reduced RNV and abnormal glial activation in mice with OIR.Moreover,ischemia-induced HIF-1αaccumulation and VEGF upregulation in OIR mouse retinas and cultured rMC-1 were significantly inhibited by donepezil intervention.CONCLUSION:AchE is implicated in RNV with OIR.Inhibition of AChE by donepeizl is likely to be a potential therapeutic approach for retinal neovascular diseases.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.30872822)
文摘AIM: To explore the role of unc5b in retinal neovascularization in murine oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). METHODS: On postnatal 7 (P7), C57BL/6J mice were exposed to 75% +/- 2% oxygen for 5 days. On postnatal 12 (P12), the mice were brought back to the room air (21% oxygen) to induce retinal neovascularization. Western blot analysis was performed to examine the temporal expression of unc5b in murine retinas. Double staining for unc5b and isolectin B4 were employed to determine the location of unc5b in murine retinas. The effect of unc5b on retinal neovascularization was evaluated by intravitreal injection of unc5b-FC in mice with OIR. Retinal neovascularization was measured by counting neovascular cell nuclei above the internal limiting membrane and by angiography of flat-mounted retinas perfused with fluorescein dextran. o RESULTS: Compared to age-matched normal mice, the expression of unc5b was significantly increased in retinas of OIR mice on P17 and P21. Unc5b was apparently expressed in retinal vessels of OIR while being negative in normal retinal vessels. Retinal neovascularization in eyes injected with unc5b-FC was significantly reduced. CONCLUSION: Unc5b-FC can effectively inhibit retinal neovascularization induced by OIR. It may serve as a powerful and novel therapy for ischemia-induced retinal disease.
文摘AIM:To determine the prevalence of recent immunisation amongst children under 7 years of age presenting for febrile convulsions.METHODS:This is a retrospective study of all children under the age of seven presenting with febrile convulsions to a tertiary referral hospital in Sydney.A total of 78 cases occurred in the period January 2011 to July 2012 and were included in the study.Data was extracted from medical records to provide a retrospective review of the convulsions.RESULTS:Of the 78 total cases,there were five medical records which contained information on whether or not immunisation had been administered in the preceding 48 h to presentation to the emergency department.Of these five patients only one patient(1.28%of the study population) was confirmed to have received a vaccination with Infanrix,Prevnar and Rotavirus.The majority of cases reported a current infection as a likely precipitant to the febrile convulsion.CONCLUSION:This study found a very low prevalence of recent immunisation amongst children with febrile convulsions presenting to an emergency department at a tertiary referral hospital in Sydney.This finding,however,may have been distorted by underreporting of vaccination history.
文摘Background: Neonatal seizures are the most prominent feature of neurological dysfunction during neonatal period, which are abnormal electrical discharges in the central nervous system of neonates, usually manifest as stereotyped muscular activity or autonomic changes, occurring in approximately 1.8 - 3.5/1000 live birth. Objective: The aims of study are to determine prevalence rate, natural history, time of onset, etiological factors, clinical types and the short term outcome of neonatal convulsion. Settings: This study conducted in Neonatal Department at Benghazi Children Hospital—Libya. Patients and Methods: Descriptive cross sectional study, included all neonates who developing clinically identifiable seizures, admitted from 1st of March 2013 to 1st of March 2014. The data collected by using a designed perform including;gender, nationality, residence, place of transfer, gestational age, time of onset, mode of delivery, and history of maternal diseases, family history of neonatal seizures in previous siblings or death, jaundice and exchange transfusion were taken. Details examination include dysmorphic features, weight, head circumference were recorded. Types of seizures were diagnosed by clinical observations, and the etiology of neonatal seizures had been identified from imaging study and from initial relevant investigations which include blood glucose levels, arterial blood gases, serum calcium, electrolytes, phosphate and cerebrospinal fluid examination for evidence of infection. In addition to treatments received, as well as causes of deaths. Results: A total of 2842 neonates were admitted to NNW, out of which 150 had seizures. 86 (57%) were male with M:F ratio of 1.3:1. (97%) were Libyan and (76%) from Benghazi, (42%) admitted directly from home. 131 (87%) were term and 15 (10%) preterm. Most of neonatal seizures (76%) were seen in the 1st week of life, and during initial 72 hours of life (63%), with 24% presented in 1st 24 hours of life. Vaginal delivery conducted in 101 (67%), C/S 49 (33%). Among babies with birth asphyxia, 76% delivered vaginally. 43/150 mothers presented with different medical problems, 32% of them had preeclampsia followed by diabetes in 28%. 127 (85%) babies had normal birth weight and 128 (86%) lie within normal range of head circumference. The most common type of seizure was subtle (48%) followed by clonic (36%). Cranial ultrasound performed to 110 (73%), among them, 16 babies MRI or CT scan were done. The most common cause of seizure was birth asphyxia (30%) followed by infection (16%), hypocalcemia (14%). Phenobarbitone was the most common drug used in treatment (60%), followed by phenytoin (40%) and resistant cases for treatment received pyridoxine (2%). 77 (52%) improved and discharged home without treatment. Mortality rate was 15%;among them 44% from IEM, followed by birth asphyxia 22%. There is strong association between main causes and the outcome with p = 0.005. Conclusion: The majority of neonates in our study were full term and male. The most common etiology of seizures is birth asphyxia. Hypocalcemia is the most common biochemical abnormality. Subtle represents the commonest type of seizure. Phenobarbitone is still the most commonly prescribed anticonvulsant. Inborn error of metabolism carries a higher mortality rate. Statically analysis showed there is significant association between main causes of neonatal convulsions and the outcome with p = 0.005.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81700837 No.81800855)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (No.2017JJ3452 No.2018JJ3765)Department of Science and Technology, Hunan (No.2015TP2007)
文摘AIM: To identify disease-related miRNAs in retinas of mice with oxygen-induced retinopathy(OIR), and to explore their potential roles in retinal pathological neovascularization. METHODS: The retinal miRNA expression profile in mice with OIR and room air controls at postnatal day 17(P17) were determined through miRNA microarray analysis. Several miRNAs were significantly up-and down-regulated in retinas of mice with OIR compared to controls by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR). Two databases including Targetscan7.1 and MirdbV5 were used to predict target genes that associated with those significantly altered mi RNAs in retinas of mice with OIR. Gene Ontology(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway analyses were also conducted to identify possible biological functions of the target genes. RESULTS: In comparison with room air controls, 3 and 8 miRNAs were significantly up-and down-regulated, respectively, in retinas of mice with OIR. The qRT-PCR data confirmed that mmu-miR-350-3 p and mmu-miR-202-3 p were significantly up-regulated, while mmu-miR-711 and mmu-miR-30 c-1-3 p were significantly down-regulated in mice with OIR compared to controls. GO analysis demonstrated that the identified target genes were related to functions such as cellular macromolecule metabolic process. KEGG pathway analysis showed a group of pathways, such as Wnt signaling pathway, transcriptionalmisregulation in cancer, Mucin type O-glycan biosynthesis, and mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) signaling pathway might be involved in pathological process of retinal neovascularization. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the differentially expressed miRNAs in retinas of mice with OIR might provide potential therapeutic targets for treating retinal neovascularization.
基金Supported partially by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81271033,81470621)
文摘AIM: To investigate whether the complement system is involved in a murine model of oxygen-induced retinopathy(OIR).METHODS: Forty C57BL/6J newborn mice were divided randomly into OIR group and control group. OIR was induced by exposing mice to 75% ±2% oxygen from postnatal 7d(P7) to P12 and then recovered in room air.For the control group, the litters were raised in room air.At the postnatal 17d(P17), gene expressions of the complement components of the classical pathway(CP),the mannose-binding lectin(MBL) pathway and the alternative pathway(AP) in the retina were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). Retinal protein expressions of the key components in the CP were examined by Western blotting.· RESULTS: Whole mounted retina in the OIR mice showed area of central hypoperfusion in both superficial and deep layers and neovascular tufts in the periphery.The expressions of C1 qb and C4 b genes in the OIR retina were significantly higher than those of the controls. The expression of retinal complement factor B(CFB) gene in OIR mice was significantly lower than those of the controls. However, the expressions of C3 and complement factor H(CFH) genes were higher. The protein synthesis of the key components involved in the CP(C1q, C4 and C3) were also significantly higher in OIR mouse retina. Although MBL-associated serine protease 1(MASP1) and MASP2 were detected in both the OIR and the control groups, the expressions were weak and the difference between the two groups was not significant.CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that the complement system CP is activated during the pathogenesis of murine model of OIR.
文摘Dissociative convulsions, a prominent form of dissociative (conversion) disorder formerly known as hysteria, are a common and elusive differential diagnosis from epilepsy. However, the treatment of such patients is always challenging and frustrating due to poor response to the routinely used interventions in most situations. Here, we present a case with dissociative convulsions in order to catch the eye of the clinicians and researchers on the recognition of clinical manifestation and exploration of therapeutic strategies.
文摘BACKGROUND Febrile convulsions are a common pediatric emergency that imposes significant psychological stress on children and their families.Targeted emergency care and psychological nursing are widely applied in clinical practice,but their value and impact on the management of pediatric febrile convulsions are unclear.AIM To determine the impact of targeted emergency nursing combined with psychological nursing on satisfaction in children with febrile convulsions.METHODS Data from 111 children with febrile convulsions who received treatment at Nantong Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital between June 2021 and October 2022 were analyzed.The control group consisted of 44 children who received conventional nursing care and the research group consisted of 67 children who received targeted emergency and psychological nursing.The time to fever resolution,time to resolution of convulsions,length of hospital stays,Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index,patient compliance,nursing satisfaction of the parents,occurrence of complications during the nursing process,and parental anxiety and depression were compared between the control and research groups.Parental anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression(HAMD)and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety(HAMA).RESULTS The fever resolution,convulsion disappearance,and hospitalization times were longer in the control group compared with the research group(P<0.0001).The time to falling asleep,sleep time,sleep quality,sleep disturbance,sleep efficiency,and daytime status scores were significantly better in the research group compared with the control group(P<0.0001).The HAMD and HAMA scores for parents of children in the research group were lower than the scores in the control group after nursing(P<0.05).Compliance with treatment of children in the research group was higher than in the control group(P<0.05).Parental satisfaction with nursing in the research group was higher than in the control group(P<0.05).The total complication rate of children in the control group was higher than in the research group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Combining psychological nursing with targeted emergency nursing improved the satisfaction of children’s families and compliance with treatment and promoted early recovery of clinical symptoms and improvement of sleep quality.
基金Supported by the University Research Fund 2014/2015 of the University of Camerino under the grant number FPI000044
文摘Objective: To evaluate the anticonvulsant effect of the essential oil of Myrothamnus moschatus(M. moschatus) in convulsion induced by pentylenetetrazole and picrotoxin in rodent models.Methods: The essential oil of the aerial parts of M. moschatus was extracted by steam distillation. Thereafter, it was injected subcutaneously to rats and mice at escalating doses(0.1–0.8 m L/kg). Ten minutes after drug injection, pentylenetetrazole was injected intraperitoneally to rats and picrotoxin was administered to mice by the same route.Diazepam served as the positive control. Every single animal was placed into transparent cage and observed for convulsive behavior for 30 min by using ordinary security cameras connected to a video recorder. Death occurring for a period of 24 h was also recorded.Results: The essential oil at 0.8 m L/kg completely arrested the pentylenetetrazole-induced convulsion without any sedative effect and delayed its appearance at lower doses, but showed moderate activities on picrotoxin-induced convulsion. For the rats treated with pentylenetetrazole alone, the mortality was 100% within 1 h, but for the rats pre-treated with the essential oil, the mortality was 0%. For the mice treated with picrotoxin, the mortality rate was also 100%, while 20%–100% died in those that had been pre-treated with the oil.Conclusions: The results confirmed at least partly the traditional uses of the smoke of M. moschatus for the management of convulsion, and implied that the essential oil may inhibit the convulsion by GABAergic neuromodulation.
文摘Objective: Febrile convulsion in children is age-dependent and genetic predisposition. However, mild electrolyte disturbances are not uncommon in such children. This study was to investigate the effect of electrolyte disturbance on febrile convulsion and to screen for febrile convulsion-related genes. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included children who admitted to the Pediatric Emergency Department of Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center due to fever and febrile convulsion between May to December 2020. Clinical manifestations and serum electrolyte levels were recorded and analyzed by binary logistic regression on risk factors of convulsion, and children with family histories were screened for febrile convulsion-related genes. Results: This study included 322 children with fever: 161 in the febrile convulsion group (FC Group) including 71 in the single convulsion group (SC Group) and 90 in the multiple convulsion group (MC Group), and the control group consisted of 161 children with fever without convulsion and nervous system disease. Serum sodium, potassium and calcium in FC Group were lower than those in the control group (p Conclusion: Hyponatremia may be a relative risk factor in febrile convulsion, and for children with a family history of febrile convulsion and serum sodium lower than 133 mmol/L, related gene analysis can be performed.
文摘The purpose of this study was to limit intermittent diazcpam prophyiaxis of children with FC to the patients who haye the second recurrence.A series of 156 children with FC received prophylactic treatment.During 1￣5 years for Follow-up (average,2 years and 10 months),28 cases of prophylactic group suffered recurrence of FC 48 times. 54 of 126 cases in control group suffered it 108 times. The difference in case number and recurrent rate between the prophylactic and control groups was highly significant (P<0. 01). Diazepam was found tO be considerably effective in reducing the risk of recurrence of FC.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province, China (No.20052089)Science and Technology Project of Liaoning Province, China (No.2010225034)
文摘AIM: To study the inhibitory effect of intravitreal captopril on oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) in mice. METHODS: Eighty postnatal day (P)7 C57BL/63 mice were randomly divided into treated group and control group with forty mice in each group. The mice were exposed to 75% 2% oxygen for 5 days (P7-P11) and then returned to room air for 5 days (P12-P17) to induce retinal neovascularization (RNV). Beginning on P12, the mice in treated group received daily intravitreal injections of captopril(3.0mL/kg), while those in control group received daily intravitreal injections of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (3.0mL/kg) through P17. After anesthetized at P17, one eye was chosen randomly as experimental eye and were enucleated. RNV was examined by Adenosine diphosphate-ase (ADPase) stained retina flat-mounts and was quantitated histologically by counting the neovascular endothelial cell nuclei anterior to inner limiting membrane (ILM). The expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured by immunohistochemical method. RESULTS: Comparing with control group, more regular distributions, better branch and reduced density of RNV were observed in eyes of treated group. The number of neovascular cell nuclei was less in treated group than that in control group ( t =6.135, P <0.01). Stain of MMP-2 and VEGF was weaker in treated group than that in control group. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that captopril can significantly inhibit RNV in OIR mice.
