This study explored the morphological characteristics and differences of the otoliths in three native species,Schizothorax biddulphi,S.eurystomus and S.curvifrons,in the Yarkand River of the Tarim River,Xinjiang,China...This study explored the morphological characteristics and differences of the otoliths in three native species,Schizothorax biddulphi,S.eurystomus and S.curvifrons,in the Yarkand River of the Tarim River,Xinjiang,China.A total of 93 specimens(27 S.biddulphi,39 S.eurystomus,and 27 S.curvifrons)were analyzed using six basic otolith morphological parameters(OA,R_(max),R_(min),OP,OL,OW)to derive six factors(F_(1),F_(2),F_(3),F_(4),F_(5),F_(6))and seven indices(RO,FF,CI,RE,EL,RR,AR)for morphological assessment.A discriminant analysis incorporating 77 Fourier coefficients of the otoliths revealed distinct morphological differences among the species.A significant power function relationship between otolith morphology and standard length was observed across the species,with R2 values ranging from 0.409 to 0.749.Principal component analysis(PCA)of 7 traditional otolith morphological indicators explained 81.243%of the variance,yielding an overall species discrimination rate of 81.65%.Further PCA of 77 Fourier harmonic values enhanced the discrimination accuracy,with the first 3 components accounting for 77.49%of the total variation and an improved discrimination rate of 100.00%.Cluster analysis resulted in the grouping of S.biddulphi and S.curvifrons together and revealed their association with S.eurystomus,indicating notable morphological distinctions.Both otolith shape indices and elliptical Fourier analysis have been useful in distinguishing the phenotypic units of different fish species.In this study,otolith morphology was applied for the first time to identify Schizothorax species,providing an in-depth description of species distribution and evolutionary history.This study provides a reference for the identification and systematic classification of Schizothorax species and a scientific basis for formulating effective species protection measures,for promoting the sustainable management of species and important habitats.展开更多
The otolith nucleus captures a fish’s life history during egg and hatching stages,offering insights into species-specific differences in element types and concentrations as well as the endogenous and exogenous factor...The otolith nucleus captures a fish’s life history during egg and hatching stages,offering insights into species-specific differences in element types and concentrations as well as the endogenous and exogenous factors shaping these variations.This study aimed to investigate the variation in the types and concentrations of elements within the otolith nuclei of three Antarctic fish species,including Pagothenia borchgrevinki,Trematomus hansoni,and Trematomus bernacchii,collected from Prydz Bay,East Antarctica.Nine elements,^(23)Na,^(24)Mg,^(29)Si,^(31)P,^(39)K,^(57)Fe,^(66)Zn,^(88)Sr,and^(137)Ba,were selected for analyses because of their concentrations and ecological significance.Ratios of each element to Ca(Me/Ca)were used for analysis,and Me/Ca in the otolith nuclei of these species were analyzed to explore species-specific variations in element types.Significant differences in element composition,except for Fe/Ca and Ba/Ca,were found in different species.Temperature,salinity,reproduction,pelagic larval lifestyle,and diet composition were considered as key endogenous and exogenous factors influencing these differences.Decision tree discriminant analysis,based on the variation of the types and concentrations of elements,was used to identify P.borchgrevinki,T.hansoni,and T.bernacchii with accuracy rates of 86.54%,82.61%,and 73.33%,respectively.Principal component analysis showed overlapping 95%confidence el-lipses for the three species at 79.96%,67.31%,and 56.71%,respectively.As these species belong to the Nototheniidae family and share a similar hatching period,the accuracy of species discrimination is reduced.Considering the high probability of error in distin-guishing species using otolith nucleus elements,we recommend otolith shape should also be considered to improve identification ac-curacy.展开更多
Background:Vestibular assessments,such as the video ocular counter roll(vOCR)test,offer valuable insights into the interactions between age,otolith function,and vestibular performance.Objective:To analyze the relation...Background:Vestibular assessments,such as the video ocular counter roll(vOCR)test,offer valuable insights into the interactions between age,otolith function,and vestibular performance.Objective:To analyze the relation between age and vOCR gains as a potential marker of age-related otolith degeneration.Methods:A total of 107 participants underwent vOCR testing.Descriptive statistics and simple linear regression analyses were conducted to explore the association between age and vOCR gains.Results were presented using regression coefficients,95%confidence intervals,p-values,and R-squared values.Results:In the overall sample,statistically significant associations were observed between age and vOCR gains in both ears.For the right ear,vOCR gains decreased with increasing age(coefficient:-0.03;95%CI:-0.05 to-0.01;p<0.001;R^(2)=0.08),while the left ear showed a slightly stronger association(coefficient:-0.04;95%CI:-0.07 to-0.02;p<0.001;R²=0.12).These findings indicate a moderate age-related decline in otolith-mediated vestibular responses.Conclusion:vOCR gains appear to decline with age,reflecting potential age-related otolith degeneration.These results support the clinical value of vOCR as a non-invasive method to assess vestibular function and its changes across the lifespan.展开更多
This study examined the right and left otoliths of 174 individuals of Pseudotolithus senegalensis from the Porto-Novo lagoon, Lake Nokoué and the Atlantic coast. The results show a significant variation in the po...This study examined the right and left otoliths of 174 individuals of Pseudotolithus senegalensis from the Porto-Novo lagoon, Lake Nokoué and the Atlantic coast. The results show a significant variation in the population according to geographic location. Mixed-effects linear analysis showed no significant variation by site, side or sex (p > 0.05). Analysis of otolith shape using ANOVA showed significant differences for length, width and area (p 0.05). Canonical discriminant analysis revealed significant differences between sites (p < 0.05). Finally, shape analyses showed significant differences between sites (p = 0.0001) and between right and left sides (p = 0.007), but no difference by sex (p = 0.395). The study of otolith morphology is therefore proving to be a valuable tool for differentiating stocks and understanding ecological variations.展开更多
The lanternfishes are mesopelagic fish that are highly productive as common bycatch of deep-sea shrimp trawlers,but they are often neglected or discarded.Despite being one of the dominant lanternfish species in the Ar...The lanternfishes are mesopelagic fish that are highly productive as common bycatch of deep-sea shrimp trawlers,but they are often neglected or discarded.Despite being one of the dominant lanternfish species in the Arabian Sea,little is known about the life history of Diaphus thiollierei and its role in marine ecosystems.In this study,103 D.thiollierei were collected in the Arabian Sea during October-November 2020 to study population growth based on sagittal otolith daily ages;and 10 fish collected during April–May 2021 were subjected to otolith microchemistry analysis to reconstruct the vertical migration in their life history using LA-ICP-MS technique.The standard length–dry weight(SL-DW)relationships for D.thiollierei revealed both negative allometric growth and a significant difference between the sexes.Using daily growth annuli counts on the sagittal section of otoliths,the von Bertalanffy growth equation for D.thiollierei was determined.The pattern of four elemental ratios(Sr to Ca,Mg to Ca,Li to Ca,and Ba to Ca)in sagittal otolith suggested that,in general,D.thiollierei descended continually after hatching until the post-larval(PL)stage when they reached a depth of approximately 200 m.Subsequently,from the PL stage to the post-metamorphosisⅡ(PMⅡ)stage,D.thiollierei likely further sank from 200 m to a depth of approximately 300 m,and then in the daytime they were at a depth of approximately 300–800 m to take refuge from predators.This pilot study explored to unravel the vertical migration during life history in D.thiollierei from sagittal otoliths,whereas further investigation on otolith is needed to better delineate the population ecology in detail,and thus to provide basic information for the exploitation of the lanternfish resource and the understanding of their ecological roles.展开更多
Laboratory-reared Schizothorax davidi larvae and juveniles were examined to assess the formation and characteristics of David’s schizothoracin otoliths.Otolith development was observed and their formation period was ...Laboratory-reared Schizothorax davidi larvae and juveniles were examined to assess the formation and characteristics of David’s schizothoracin otoliths.Otolith development was observed and their formation period was verifi ed by monitoring larvae and juveniles of knownage.The results revealed that lapilli and sagittae developed before hatching,and the first otolith increment was identified at 2 days post hatching in both.The shape of lapilli was relatively stable during development compared with that of sagittae;however,growth of four sagittae and lapilli areas was consistent,but the posterior area grew faster than the anterior area and the ventral surface grew faster than the dorsal surface.Similarly,the sum length of the radius of the anterior and posterior areas on sagittae and lapilli were linearly and binomially related to total fish length,respectively.Moreover,daily deposition rates were validated by monitoring knownage larvae and juveniles.The increase in lapilli width was 1.88±0.080 0μm at the ninth increment,which reached a maximum and the decreased gradually toward the otolith edge,whereas that of sagittae increased more slowly.These results illustrate the developmental biology of S.davidi,which will aid in population conservation and fish stock management.展开更多
The Pacific saury Cololabis saira is a commercially important pelagic species with wide distribution in the North Pacific Ocean. Previous studies identified two geographical groups by comparing the radius of otolith a...The Pacific saury Cololabis saira is a commercially important pelagic species with wide distribution in the North Pacific Ocean. Previous studies identified two geographical groups by comparing the radius of otolith annual rings(ROA) of the fish collected during the pre-fishing season. Moreover, understanding the group composition in the mixed catch from the fishing ground is essential for sustainable exploitation of this species. Using samples collected during the fishing season(July–November) from 2016 to 2018, the potential of applying otolith shape analysis as a tool to identify these two mixed groups was tested in this research. Two otolith morphotypes that belong to the eastern group and western group were identified by K-means cluster analysis using Fourier coefficients and ROA. The high classification success of random forest further confirmed the effectiveness of otolith shape analysis. The western group accounted for the majority of catch in July and August at 160?E. With the passing of sampling time and fishing fleets moving westward, the proportion of eastern group gradually increased and finally reached more than 60% of the whole catch in November at 150°E. This result suggests that the eastern and western groups are well mixed during spawning migration. In addition, the temporal and spatial dynamics of their catch composition provide information for their migration route. This study is helpful for improving fisheries management and understanding the short-term stock fluctuation of Pacific saury.展开更多
The migratory history of the engraulid fish Coilia nasus in the Rokkaku and Chikugo River estuaries of the Ariake Sea, Japan was assessed using otolith strontium（Sr） X-ray intensity maps and strontium：calcium（Sr...The migratory history of the engraulid fish Coilia nasus in the Rokkaku and Chikugo River estuaries of the Ariake Sea, Japan was assessed using otolith strontium（Sr） X-ray intensity maps and strontium：calcium（Sr：Ca） ratio life history transects by an electron probe microanalyzer（EPMA）. The results showed that seven of the ten specimens from the Rokkaku River Estuary（LJC） and all 15 specimens collected in the Chikugo River Estuary（ZHC） had low Sr：Ca ratios（≤3） at the central otolith area, indicating their riverine origin and initial freshwater residence. After the first regime shift adjacent to natal regions, the Sr level mapping displayed a wide variety of color patterns, and the Sr：Ca ratios obtained by the line transect analysis could be divided into one to six significantly different phases indicative of gradual life history transition. The other three specimens from the Rokkaku River Estuary had high Sr：Ca ratios（3–6.7） at the central otolith area but showed alternating changes between low and high values outside the natal region, suggesting that estuarine-origin individuals occurred in the Rokkaku River Estuary. The two-dimensional maps of the Sr level and average of the otolith Sr：Ca ratios along the life-history transects could be used as effective tools for reconstruction of past habitat use of the tapertail anchovy in estuaries of the Ariake Sea, Japan.展开更多
Objective The macula lagena in birds is located at the apical end of the cochlea and contains many tiny otoliths. The macula lagena is innervated and has neural projections to the brainstem, but its physiological func...Objective The macula lagena in birds is located at the apical end of the cochlea and contains many tiny otoliths. The macula lagena is innervated and has neural projections to the brainstem, but its physiological function is still unclear. It remains disputable that it is because otoliths in the lagena are rich in elements Fe and Zn that birds can obtain geomagnetic information for homing. To clarify this issue, we carried out a study to determine whether or not otoliths in the lagena of homing pigeons are richer in magnetic elements than those in the saccule and the utricle. Methods The contents of ferromagnetic elements （Fe, Co, Ni） and other metal elements in lagenal otoliths of adult homing pigeons were precisely analyzed with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS） of high sensitivity, and then they were compared with those in saccular and utricular otoliths （all the contents were normalized to Ca）. Results In adult homing pigeons, the contents of ferromagnetic elements （Fe, Co, Ni） in lagenal otoliths were less than 0.7% （normalized to Ca element） and were the same order in magnitude as those in saccular and utricular otoliths. The content of Fe in lagenal otoliths was not significantly different from that in utricular otoliths and was even lower than that in saccular otoliths. The content of Co in lagenal otoliths was lower than that in saccular otoliths and higher than that in utricular otoliths. The content of Ni in lagenal otoliths was not significantly different from that in saccular otoliths and was higher than that in utricular otoliths. The contents of other metal elements Na, Mg, K, Al, Mn and Pb in lagenal otoliths were not significantly different from those in utricular and saccular otoliths. The contents of metal elements Zn, Ba and Cu in lagenal otoliths were lower than those in saccular otoliths. Conclusion The contents of magnetic elements in lagenal otoliths of homing pigeons are not much higher than those in utricular and saccular otoliths, which does not support the hypothesis that birds depend on high contents of Fe and Zn in lagenal otoliths for sensation of geomagnetic information. Similarities in morphology, element ingredient and element content between lagenal otoliths and utricular otoliths suggest that the two types of otolithic organs may play similar roles in sensing gravitational and acceleration signals.展开更多
Although chub mackerel （Scomberjaponicus） is a primary pelagic fish species, we have only limited knowledge on its key life history processes. The present work studied the age and growth of chub mackerel in the East...Although chub mackerel （Scomberjaponicus） is a primary pelagic fish species, we have only limited knowledge on its key life history processes. The present work studied the age and growth of chub mackerel in the East China and Yellow Seas. Age was determined by interpreting and counting growth rings on the sagitta otoliths of 252 adult fish caught by the Chinese commercial purse seine fleet during the period from November 2006 to January 2007 and 150 juveniles from bottom trawl surveys on the spawning ground in May 2006. The difference between the assumed birth date of 1st April and date of capture was used to adjust the age determined from counting the number of complete translucent rings. The parameters of three commonly used growth models, the von Bertalanffy, Logistic and Gompertz models, were estimated using the maximum likelihood method. Based on the Akaike Information Criterion （AIC）, the yon Bertalanffy growth model was found to be the most appropriate model. The size-at-age and size-at-maturity values were also found to decrease greatly compared with the results achieved in the 1950s, which was caused by heavy exploitation over the last few decades.展开更多
The geographical variations in life history characteristics of small yellow croaker Larimichthys polyactis, caused by experienced different environmental conditions, have been observed in China seas. Previous studies ...The geographical variations in life history characteristics of small yellow croaker Larimichthys polyactis, caused by experienced different environmental conditions, have been observed in China seas. Previous studies based on spatial distribution, migration route, and body morphometrics suggested a complex stock structure. In this study, to clarify the source of a spawning stock, we investigated the reproduction strategy and inter-structure of the Haizhou Bay (HZB) spawning stock in the middle Yellow Sea from both egg survey and adult otolith increment analysis. Egg and adult samples were collected from three surveys during spawning season in 2013. Distinct spatial and temporal variations were detected in egg distribution and size, and otolith shape analysis of adult fishes revealed two morphotypes with different increment growth using random forest cluster. The results indicate the existence of two components within the same spawning stock in HZB from different wintering grounds, and accordingly special protection should be required for this stock given the significance to maintain connectivity between adjacent subpopulations.展开更多
Oxygen and carbon isotope ratios（δ^（18）O and δ^（13）C） in otoliths were used to identify the stock structure of small yellow croaker,Larimichthys polyactis.Otoliths were collected from fish at five locations ac...Oxygen and carbon isotope ratios（δ^（18）O and δ^（13）C） in otoliths were used to identify the stock structure of small yellow croaker,Larimichthys polyactis.Otoliths were collected from fish at five locations across the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea representing most of their distributional range and fisheries areas.The significant differences in the isotopic signatures showed that the five locations could be chemically distinguished and clearly separated,indicating stock subdivision.Correlation of δ^（18）O and δ^（13）C values suggested that population of L.polyactis could be divided into the Bohai Sea group,the southern Yellow Sea group and the central Yellow Sea group.Discriminant analysis of δ^（18）O and δ^（13）C values demonstrated a high significant difference with 85.7% classification accuracy.The spatial separation of L.polyactis indicated a complex stock structure across the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea.These results indicate that optimal fisheries management may require a comprehensive consideration on the current spatial arrangements.This study has provided further evidence that measurement of the stable isotopes ratios in otolith can be a valuable tool in the delineation of fishery management units.展开更多
Otolith shape is species specific and is an ideal marker of fish population affiliation. In this study, otolith shape of spottedtail goby Synechogobius ommaturus is used to identify stocks in different spawning locati...Otolith shape is species specific and is an ideal marker of fish population affiliation. In this study, otolith shape of spottedtail goby Synechogobius ommaturus is used to identify stocks in different spawning locations in the Yellow Sea. The main objectives of this study are to explore the potential existence of local stocks of spottedtail goby in the Yellow Sea by analysis of otolith shape, and to investigate ambient impacts on otolith shape. Spottedtail goby was sampled in five locations in the Yellow Sea in 2007 and 2008. Otoliths are described using variables correlated to size (otolith area, perimeter, length, width, and weight) and shape (rectangularity, circularity, and 20 Fourier harmonics). Only standardized otolith variables are used so that the effect of otolith size on the shape variables could be eliminated. There is no significant difference among variables of sex, year, and side (left and right). However, the otolith shapes of the spring stocks and the autumn stocks differ significantly. Otolith shape differences are greater among locations than between years. Correct classification rate of spottedtail goby with the otolith shape at different sampling locations range from 29.7%–77.4%.展开更多
The estuarine tapertail anchovy(Coilia nasus)is a high-value commercial fish.Estimating the spawning site or hatchery origin and habitat is essential for its conservation.This study aimed to determine the habitat use ...The estuarine tapertail anchovy(Coilia nasus)is a high-value commercial fish.Estimating the spawning site or hatchery origin and habitat is essential for its conservation.This study aimed to determine the habitat use and life history characteristics of C.nasus from the Changjiang River Estuary.We investigated the environmental signatures of strontium(Sr)and calcium(Ca)in the otoliths of the collected specimens using electron probe microanalysis;additionally,we examined their gonadal maturity stage.Our results indicate that the 31 adult C.nasus specimens used in this study could be classified into two types based on their otolith Sr:Ca concentration ratios and their gonadal maturity stage.The long freshwater early life history type(Type LF)had wider central region in the otolith with low Sr:Ca concentration ratios ranging from 1.24±0.62 to 1.92±0.78 and a bluish pattern of low Sr content level.These fish are of riverine origin and had a relatively long early life history in freshwater and low gonadal maturation when captured.The short freshwater early life history type(Type SF)had a shorter central region in the otolith with low Sr:Ca concentration ratios ranging from 1.35±0.5 to 2.82±0.97 and a correspondingly bluish pattern.These fish also had a relatively short-term early life history in freshwater and high gonadal maturation when captured.The results of the otolith microchemical analysis indicated that Type LF and Type SF originated in spawning/hatching sites far from and close to the estuary,respectively.The mature gonads of Type SF fish indicated that they may breed in areas close to the estuary,whereas the immature gonads of Type LF fish indicated that they may breed in areas far from the estuary.This study is the first to reveal that the Changjiang River Estuary contains stocks of anadromous C.nasus originating in different spawning sites during the same season.The estuarine habitat plays a critical role in the connectivity between freshwater recruitment and the marine resources available to adult spawners of this commercially valued species.From a conservation perspective,this study provides important information for identifying anadromous C.nasus stocks originating in different spawning sites in the Changjiang River Basin.展开更多
The relation between otolith weight (OW) and the age of marine fish is studied. A total of 222 individuals of bighead white croaker, Pennahia macrocephalus were sampled seasonally in the mouth of the Beibu Gulf, the S...The relation between otolith weight (OW) and the age of marine fish is studied. A total of 222 individuals of bighead white croaker, Pennahia macrocephalus were sampled seasonally in the mouth of the Beibu Gulf, the South China Sea, in 2007. Since there are no significant differences in sagittal OW between otolith in pairs (P≥0.05), the undamaged left sagittal otolith is used for age determination. The highest correlations among standard length, OW and fish ages are confirmed by linear, exponential and multinomial regression. Results show that sagittal OW overlaps only occasionally among age groups, and to individuals with similar standard length, the older and slower-growing fish has a heavier otolith because of the continued otolith material deposition. There are differences in sagittal OW among different age groups and significant positive linear relationship with age (P<0.05). The age readings can be verified by plotting the sagittal OW versus the standard length for age groups, and the individuals with similar standard length but in different ages can be separated by sagittal OW frequency analysis. Mostly, the predicted ages using the regression between sagittal OW and ages are closed to the observed ages by counting annulus on scale. It indicates that the sagittal OW analysis is a useful technique for validating the accuracy of age determination by annuli counts, especially for individuals of similar size. Furthermore, the technique is applied for Pennahia macrocephalus with discussion in this paper.展开更多
Objective:Patients with dizziness may present with symptoms of tilting,swaying,rocking,floating or with disequilibrium.This may be suggestive of an isolated otolithic dysfunction yet,there is little emphasis on this e...Objective:Patients with dizziness may present with symptoms of tilting,swaying,rocking,floating or with disequilibrium.This may be suggestive of an isolated otolithic dysfunction yet,there is little emphasis on this emerging clinical entity.To characterize and describe the prevalence of isolated otolith dysfunction in a local tertiary hospital and correlate them with clinical diagnosis.Methodology:Retrospective medical chart review of patients who presented with dizziness to the specialist outpatient Otolaryngology clinic,who required vestibular laboratory investigation.Results:Of the 206 patients,more than half of them(52.4%)fulfilled the criteria for either probable or definite isolated otolith dysfunction.When there are clinical symptoms of otolith dysfunction reported,there is a 1.62 odds of a remarkable laboratory otolith finding.The most common clinical finding was“no clear diagnosis”(65.5%)followed by Vestibular Migraine(13.6%).Conclusion:The prevalence of isolated otolith dysfunction is quite high.Laboratory tests of otolith function should be performed more routinely.This can be done in a sequential way to optimize cost effectiveness in countries with no insurance reimbursement.Prospective cohort studies on isolated otolith dysfunction,will lay the groundwork for achieving diagnostic consensus and formulating rehabilitation plans to aid this group of patients。展开更多
We tested the use of otolith shape analysis to discriminate between species and stocks of five goby species( Ctenotrypauchen chinensis, Odontamblyopus lacepedii, Amblychaeturichthys hexanema, Chaeturichthys stigmatias...We tested the use of otolith shape analysis to discriminate between species and stocks of five goby species( Ctenotrypauchen chinensis, Odontamblyopus lacepedii, Amblychaeturichthys hexanema, Chaeturichthys stigmatias, and Acanthogobius hasta) found in northern Chinese coastal waters. The five species were well differentiated with high overall classification success using shape indices(83.7%), elliptic Fourier coefficients(98.6%), or the combination of both methods(94.9%). However, shape analysis alone was only moderately successful at discriminating among the four stocks(Liaodong Bay, LD; Bohai Bay, BH; Huanghe(Yellow) River estuary HRE, and Jiaozhou Bay, JZ stocks) of A. hasta(50%–54%) and C. stigmatias(65.7%–75.8%). For these two species, shape analysis was moderately successful at discriminating the HRE or JZ stocks from other stocks, but failed to effectively identify the LD and BH stocks. A large number of otoliths were misclassified between the HRE and JZ stocks, which are geographically well separated. The classification success for stock discrimination was higher using elliptic Fourier coefficients alone(70.2%) or in combination with shape indices(75.8%) than using only shape indices(65.7%) in C. stigmatias whereas there was little difference among the three methods for A. hasta. Our results supported the common belief that otolith shape analysis is generally more effective for interspecific identification than intraspecific discrimination. Moreover, compared with shape indices analysis, Fourier analysis improves classification success during inter- and intra-species discrimination by otolith shape analysis, although this did not necessarily always occur in all fish species.展开更多
This study explores the potential existence of local stocks of Synechogobius ommaturus using otolith chemical signatures. The concentrations of 10 elements （K, Ca, Na, Mg, St, Pb, Ba, Mn, Co, Zn） in the otoliths fro...This study explores the potential existence of local stocks of Synechogobius ommaturus using otolith chemical signatures. The concentrations of 10 elements （K, Ca, Na, Mg, St, Pb, Ba, Mn, Co, Zn） in the otoliths from eight stocks （Dandong, Dalian, Tianjin, Dongying, Weihai, Qingdao, Ganyu and Xiamen） ofS. ommaturus were measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry and regressed against otolith weight. No significant correlation between otolith weight and concentrations of Na, Mg, Ca, Sr, Co, Ba, Zn and Pb were observed. Concentrations of K and Mn were correlated with otolith weight. Consequently, the residuals of the regressions were used instead of the original concentrations in subsequent analyses. Analysis of variance （ANOVA） showed no significant difference between males and females in otolith chemical signatures. Differences were found among the locations for K, Sr, Mn, Co, Ba, Pb, but not for Ca, Na, Mg and Zn. Residuals of the regressions of elemental concentrations against otolith weight that fitted the normal distribution and homogeneity were studied by discriminant analysis. The success of the discriminant function to predict the location of S. ommaturus capture ranged from 100% for Weihai and Xiamen stocks, to only 44.4% and 62.5% for Qingdao and Dandong stocks, respectively. The average prediction success was 80.3%.展开更多
Profound sensorineural hearing loss (PSHL) is not uncommonly encountered in otology. In clinics, there is a high incidence of otolithic damage in patients with PSHL, but relevant reports are few. Sharing a continuous ...Profound sensorineural hearing loss (PSHL) is not uncommonly encountered in otology. In clinics, there is a high incidence of otolithic damage in patients with PSHL, but relevant reports are few. Sharing a continuous membranous structure and similar receptor cell ultrastructures, the cochlea and vestibule may be susceptible to the same harmful factors. Disorders of the inner ear may result in a variety of manifestations, including vertigo, spatial disorientation, blurred vision, impaired articulation, and hearing impairment. Considering the diversity of clinical symptoms associated with PSHL with otolithic dysfunction, it may be frequently misdiagnosed, and objective means of testing the function of otolithic organs should be recommended for hearing-impaired patients. Vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) via air-conducted sound are of great importance for the diagnosis of otolithic function. Hearing devices such as cochlear implants are commonly accepted treatments for PSHL, and early identification and treatment of vestibular disorders may increase the success rate of cochlear implantation. Therefore, it is necessary to increase awareness of otolithic functional states in patients with PSHL.展开更多
Otolith shape is species-specific in fish.In this study,161 samples of Trumpeter sillago Sillago maculata and 164 of Silver sillago Sillago sihama were collected from Beibu Gulf in July 2009.The main objective of this...Otolith shape is species-specific in fish.In this study,161 samples of Trumpeter sillago Sillago maculata and 164 of Silver sillago Sillago sihama were collected from Beibu Gulf in July 2009.The main objective of this study was to use morphological variables and Fourier harmonics to describe otolith characteristics and use discriminant analyses to separate the two species.Otoliths were measured by traditional one and two dimensional measures(otolith length,width,diameters,area,perimeter,rectangularity and circularity),as well as by Fourier analysis to capture the finer regions of the otolith.Analysis of covariance(ANCOVA) showed that there was significant correlation between morphological variables(diameter,perimeter,otolith length,otolith width,otolith area,density,harmonics 3,harmonics 4,harmonics 5,harmonics 13,harmonics 15,and harmonics 16) and body length.To minimize size effects on the morphological variables between species,only fish with a body length between 90 and 140 mm were included in the data analysis and the variables which had significant relation with body length were transformed using the residual.The result showed that the accuracy of discriminant analysis was 97.8% and 100% for Trumpeter sillago and Silver sillago,respectively.This high accuracy indicated that otolith shape was described accurately by morphological variables and Fourier harmonics,and discriminant analysis was an effective way to identify and separate the two species.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31360635)the Tianshan Talent Training Project of Xinjiang(No.2023 TSYCCX 0128)the Science and Technology Public Relations Planning in Key Fields of the XPCC Science and Technology Bureau(No.2022 DB 019)。
文摘This study explored the morphological characteristics and differences of the otoliths in three native species,Schizothorax biddulphi,S.eurystomus and S.curvifrons,in the Yarkand River of the Tarim River,Xinjiang,China.A total of 93 specimens(27 S.biddulphi,39 S.eurystomus,and 27 S.curvifrons)were analyzed using six basic otolith morphological parameters(OA,R_(max),R_(min),OP,OL,OW)to derive six factors(F_(1),F_(2),F_(3),F_(4),F_(5),F_(6))and seven indices(RO,FF,CI,RE,EL,RR,AR)for morphological assessment.A discriminant analysis incorporating 77 Fourier coefficients of the otoliths revealed distinct morphological differences among the species.A significant power function relationship between otolith morphology and standard length was observed across the species,with R2 values ranging from 0.409 to 0.749.Principal component analysis(PCA)of 7 traditional otolith morphological indicators explained 81.243%of the variance,yielding an overall species discrimination rate of 81.65%.Further PCA of 77 Fourier harmonic values enhanced the discrimination accuracy,with the first 3 components accounting for 77.49%of the total variation and an improved discrimination rate of 100.00%.Cluster analysis resulted in the grouping of S.biddulphi and S.curvifrons together and revealed their association with S.eurystomus,indicating notable morphological distinctions.Both otolith shape indices and elliptical Fourier analysis have been useful in distinguishing the phenotypic units of different fish species.In this study,otolith morphology was applied for the first time to identify Schizothorax species,providing an in-depth description of species distribution and evolutionary history.This study provides a reference for the identification and systematic classification of Schizothorax species and a scientific basis for formulating effective species protection measures,for promoting the sustainable management of species and important habitats.
基金supported by the Impact and Response of Antarctic Seas to Climate Change(No.IRASCC 2020-2025)from the Ministry of Natural Resources of the Peo-ple’s Republic of China.
文摘The otolith nucleus captures a fish’s life history during egg and hatching stages,offering insights into species-specific differences in element types and concentrations as well as the endogenous and exogenous factors shaping these variations.This study aimed to investigate the variation in the types and concentrations of elements within the otolith nuclei of three Antarctic fish species,including Pagothenia borchgrevinki,Trematomus hansoni,and Trematomus bernacchii,collected from Prydz Bay,East Antarctica.Nine elements,^(23)Na,^(24)Mg,^(29)Si,^(31)P,^(39)K,^(57)Fe,^(66)Zn,^(88)Sr,and^(137)Ba,were selected for analyses because of their concentrations and ecological significance.Ratios of each element to Ca(Me/Ca)were used for analysis,and Me/Ca in the otolith nuclei of these species were analyzed to explore species-specific variations in element types.Significant differences in element composition,except for Fe/Ca and Ba/Ca,were found in different species.Temperature,salinity,reproduction,pelagic larval lifestyle,and diet composition were considered as key endogenous and exogenous factors influencing these differences.Decision tree discriminant analysis,based on the variation of the types and concentrations of elements,was used to identify P.borchgrevinki,T.hansoni,and T.bernacchii with accuracy rates of 86.54%,82.61%,and 73.33%,respectively.Principal component analysis showed overlapping 95%confidence el-lipses for the three species at 79.96%,67.31%,and 56.71%,respectively.As these species belong to the Nototheniidae family and share a similar hatching period,the accuracy of species discrimination is reduced.Considering the high probability of error in distin-guishing species using otolith nucleus elements,we recommend otolith shape should also be considered to improve identification ac-curacy.
文摘Background:Vestibular assessments,such as the video ocular counter roll(vOCR)test,offer valuable insights into the interactions between age,otolith function,and vestibular performance.Objective:To analyze the relation between age and vOCR gains as a potential marker of age-related otolith degeneration.Methods:A total of 107 participants underwent vOCR testing.Descriptive statistics and simple linear regression analyses were conducted to explore the association between age and vOCR gains.Results were presented using regression coefficients,95%confidence intervals,p-values,and R-squared values.Results:In the overall sample,statistically significant associations were observed between age and vOCR gains in both ears.For the right ear,vOCR gains decreased with increasing age(coefficient:-0.03;95%CI:-0.05 to-0.01;p<0.001;R^(2)=0.08),while the left ear showed a slightly stronger association(coefficient:-0.04;95%CI:-0.07 to-0.02;p<0.001;R²=0.12).These findings indicate a moderate age-related decline in otolith-mediated vestibular responses.Conclusion:vOCR gains appear to decline with age,reflecting potential age-related otolith degeneration.These results support the clinical value of vOCR as a non-invasive method to assess vestibular function and its changes across the lifespan.
文摘This study examined the right and left otoliths of 174 individuals of Pseudotolithus senegalensis from the Porto-Novo lagoon, Lake Nokoué and the Atlantic coast. The results show a significant variation in the population according to geographic location. Mixed-effects linear analysis showed no significant variation by site, side or sex (p > 0.05). Analysis of otolith shape using ANOVA showed significant differences for length, width and area (p 0.05). Canonical discriminant analysis revealed significant differences between sites (p < 0.05). Finally, shape analyses showed significant differences between sites (p = 0.0001) and between right and left sides (p = 0.007), but no difference by sex (p = 0.395). The study of otolith morphology is therefore proving to be a valuable tool for differentiating stocks and understanding ecological variations.
基金The fund from the Laoshan Laboratory under contract No.LSK202203802the National Programme on Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction under contract No.GASI-02-SCS-YD sum/spr/aut。
文摘The lanternfishes are mesopelagic fish that are highly productive as common bycatch of deep-sea shrimp trawlers,but they are often neglected or discarded.Despite being one of the dominant lanternfish species in the Arabian Sea,little is known about the life history of Diaphus thiollierei and its role in marine ecosystems.In this study,103 D.thiollierei were collected in the Arabian Sea during October-November 2020 to study population growth based on sagittal otolith daily ages;and 10 fish collected during April–May 2021 were subjected to otolith microchemistry analysis to reconstruct the vertical migration in their life history using LA-ICP-MS technique.The standard length–dry weight(SL-DW)relationships for D.thiollierei revealed both negative allometric growth and a significant difference between the sexes.Using daily growth annuli counts on the sagittal section of otoliths,the von Bertalanffy growth equation for D.thiollierei was determined.The pattern of four elemental ratios(Sr to Ca,Mg to Ca,Li to Ca,and Ba to Ca)in sagittal otolith suggested that,in general,D.thiollierei descended continually after hatching until the post-larval(PL)stage when they reached a depth of approximately 200 m.Subsequently,from the PL stage to the post-metamorphosisⅡ(PMⅡ)stage,D.thiollierei likely further sank from 200 m to a depth of approximately 300 m,and then in the daytime they were at a depth of approximately 300–800 m to take refuge from predators.This pilot study explored to unravel the vertical migration during life history in D.thiollierei from sagittal otoliths,whereas further investigation on otolith is needed to better delineate the population ecology in detail,and thus to provide basic information for the exploitation of the lanternfish resource and the understanding of their ecological roles.
基金Supported by the Double Branch Plan of Sichuan Agricultural University(Nos.03571421,03571779)
文摘Laboratory-reared Schizothorax davidi larvae and juveniles were examined to assess the formation and characteristics of David’s schizothoracin otoliths.Otolith development was observed and their formation period was verifi ed by monitoring larvae and juveniles of knownage.The results revealed that lapilli and sagittae developed before hatching,and the first otolith increment was identified at 2 days post hatching in both.The shape of lapilli was relatively stable during development compared with that of sagittae;however,growth of four sagittae and lapilli areas was consistent,but the posterior area grew faster than the anterior area and the ventral surface grew faster than the dorsal surface.Similarly,the sum length of the radius of the anterior and posterior areas on sagittae and lapilli were linearly and binomially related to total fish length,respectively.Moreover,daily deposition rates were validated by monitoring knownage larvae and juveniles.The increase in lapilli width was 1.88±0.080 0μm at the ninth increment,which reached a maximum and the decreased gradually toward the otolith edge,whereas that of sagittae increased more slowly.These results illustrate the developmental biology of S.davidi,which will aid in population conservation and fish stock management.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41930534)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities to Ocean University of China (Nos. 201762015 and 201822027)。
文摘The Pacific saury Cololabis saira is a commercially important pelagic species with wide distribution in the North Pacific Ocean. Previous studies identified two geographical groups by comparing the radius of otolith annual rings(ROA) of the fish collected during the pre-fishing season. Moreover, understanding the group composition in the mixed catch from the fishing ground is essential for sustainable exploitation of this species. Using samples collected during the fishing season(July–November) from 2016 to 2018, the potential of applying otolith shape analysis as a tool to identify these two mixed groups was tested in this research. Two otolith morphotypes that belong to the eastern group and western group were identified by K-means cluster analysis using Fourier coefficients and ROA. The high classification success of random forest further confirmed the effectiveness of otolith shape analysis. The western group accounted for the majority of catch in July and August at 160?E. With the passing of sampling time and fishing fleets moving westward, the proportion of eastern group gradually increased and finally reached more than 60% of the whole catch in November at 150°E. This result suggests that the eastern and western groups are well mixed during spawning migration. In addition, the temporal and spatial dynamics of their catch composition provide information for their migration route. This study is helpful for improving fisheries management and understanding the short-term stock fluctuation of Pacific saury.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.31372533China Central Governmental Research Institutional Basic Special Research Project from Public Welfare Fund under contract No.2016PT01the“948”Program of the Ministry of Agriculture under contract No.2014-S6
文摘The migratory history of the engraulid fish Coilia nasus in the Rokkaku and Chikugo River estuaries of the Ariake Sea, Japan was assessed using otolith strontium（Sr） X-ray intensity maps and strontium：calcium（Sr：Ca） ratio life history transects by an electron probe microanalyzer（EPMA）. The results showed that seven of the ten specimens from the Rokkaku River Estuary（LJC） and all 15 specimens collected in the Chikugo River Estuary（ZHC） had low Sr：Ca ratios（≤3） at the central otolith area, indicating their riverine origin and initial freshwater residence. After the first regime shift adjacent to natal regions, the Sr level mapping displayed a wide variety of color patterns, and the Sr：Ca ratios obtained by the line transect analysis could be divided into one to six significantly different phases indicative of gradual life history transition. The other three specimens from the Rokkaku River Estuary had high Sr：Ca ratios（3–6.7） at the central otolith area but showed alternating changes between low and high values outside the natal region, suggesting that estuarine-origin individuals occurred in the Rokkaku River Estuary. The two-dimensional maps of the Sr level and average of the otolith Sr：Ca ratios along the life-history transects could be used as effective tools for reconstruction of past habitat use of the tapertail anchovy in estuaries of the Ariake Sea, Japan.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30470560 and 30730041)the National Basic Research Program of China (No.2007CB512306)the Knowledge Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No.KSCX1-YW-R-36)
文摘Objective The macula lagena in birds is located at the apical end of the cochlea and contains many tiny otoliths. The macula lagena is innervated and has neural projections to the brainstem, but its physiological function is still unclear. It remains disputable that it is because otoliths in the lagena are rich in elements Fe and Zn that birds can obtain geomagnetic information for homing. To clarify this issue, we carried out a study to determine whether or not otoliths in the lagena of homing pigeons are richer in magnetic elements than those in the saccule and the utricle. Methods The contents of ferromagnetic elements （Fe, Co, Ni） and other metal elements in lagenal otoliths of adult homing pigeons were precisely analyzed with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS） of high sensitivity, and then they were compared with those in saccular and utricular otoliths （all the contents were normalized to Ca）. Results In adult homing pigeons, the contents of ferromagnetic elements （Fe, Co, Ni） in lagenal otoliths were less than 0.7% （normalized to Ca element） and were the same order in magnitude as those in saccular and utricular otoliths. The content of Fe in lagenal otoliths was not significantly different from that in utricular otoliths and was even lower than that in saccular otoliths. The content of Co in lagenal otoliths was lower than that in saccular otoliths and higher than that in utricular otoliths. The content of Ni in lagenal otoliths was not significantly different from that in saccular otoliths and was higher than that in utricular otoliths. The contents of other metal elements Na, Mg, K, Al, Mn and Pb in lagenal otoliths were not significantly different from those in utricular and saccular otoliths. The contents of metal elements Zn, Ba and Cu in lagenal otoliths were lower than those in saccular otoliths. Conclusion The contents of magnetic elements in lagenal otoliths of homing pigeons are not much higher than those in utricular and saccular otoliths, which does not support the hypothesis that birds depend on high contents of Fe and Zn in lagenal otoliths for sensation of geomagnetic information. Similarities in morphology, element ingredient and element content between lagenal otoliths and utricular otoliths suggest that the two types of otolithic organs may play similar roles in sensing gravitational and acceleration signals.
基金the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET-06-0437)Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (No T1101)
文摘Although chub mackerel （Scomberjaponicus） is a primary pelagic fish species, we have only limited knowledge on its key life history processes. The present work studied the age and growth of chub mackerel in the East China and Yellow Seas. Age was determined by interpreting and counting growth rings on the sagitta otoliths of 252 adult fish caught by the Chinese commercial purse seine fleet during the period from November 2006 to January 2007 and 150 juveniles from bottom trawl surveys on the spawning ground in May 2006. The difference between the assumed birth date of 1st April and date of capture was used to adjust the age determined from counting the number of complete translucent rings. The parameters of three commonly used growth models, the von Bertalanffy, Logistic and Gompertz models, were estimated using the maximum likelihood method. Based on the Akaike Information Criterion （AIC）, the yon Bertalanffy growth model was found to be the most appropriate model. The size-at-age and size-at-maturity values were also found to decrease greatly compared with the results achieved in the 1950s, which was caused by heavy exploitation over the last few decades.
基金Supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.201562030)
文摘The geographical variations in life history characteristics of small yellow croaker Larimichthys polyactis, caused by experienced different environmental conditions, have been observed in China seas. Previous studies based on spatial distribution, migration route, and body morphometrics suggested a complex stock structure. In this study, to clarify the source of a spawning stock, we investigated the reproduction strategy and inter-structure of the Haizhou Bay (HZB) spawning stock in the middle Yellow Sea from both egg survey and adult otolith increment analysis. Egg and adult samples were collected from three surveys during spawning season in 2013. Distinct spatial and temporal variations were detected in egg distribution and size, and otolith shape analysis of adult fishes revealed two morphotypes with different increment growth using random forest cluster. The results indicate the existence of two components within the same spawning stock in HZB from different wintering grounds, and accordingly special protection should be required for this stock given the significance to maintain connectivity between adjacent subpopulations.
基金The National Basic Research Program(973 Program)of China under contract Nos 2015CB453300 and 2010CB428900
文摘Oxygen and carbon isotope ratios（δ^（18）O and δ^（13）C） in otoliths were used to identify the stock structure of small yellow croaker,Larimichthys polyactis.Otoliths were collected from fish at five locations across the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea representing most of their distributional range and fisheries areas.The significant differences in the isotopic signatures showed that the five locations could be chemically distinguished and clearly separated,indicating stock subdivision.Correlation of δ^（18）O and δ^（13）C values suggested that population of L.polyactis could be divided into the Bohai Sea group,the southern Yellow Sea group and the central Yellow Sea group.Discriminant analysis of δ^（18）O and δ^（13）C values demonstrated a high significant difference with 85.7% classification accuracy.The spatial separation of L.polyactis indicated a complex stock structure across the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea.These results indicate that optimal fisheries management may require a comprehensive consideration on the current spatial arrangements.This study has provided further evidence that measurement of the stable isotopes ratios in otolith can be a valuable tool in the delineation of fishery management units.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 program) (No.2005CB422306)the National Natural Science Foundation of China under the Science Fund for Creative Research Groups (No.40821004)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No.Y2008D21)
文摘Otolith shape is species specific and is an ideal marker of fish population affiliation. In this study, otolith shape of spottedtail goby Synechogobius ommaturus is used to identify stocks in different spawning locations in the Yellow Sea. The main objectives of this study are to explore the potential existence of local stocks of spottedtail goby in the Yellow Sea by analysis of otolith shape, and to investigate ambient impacts on otolith shape. Spottedtail goby was sampled in five locations in the Yellow Sea in 2007 and 2008. Otoliths are described using variables correlated to size (otolith area, perimeter, length, width, and weight) and shape (rectangularity, circularity, and 20 Fourier harmonics). Only standardized otolith variables are used so that the effect of otolith size on the shape variables could be eliminated. There is no significant difference among variables of sex, year, and side (left and right). However, the otolith shapes of the spring stocks and the autumn stocks differ significantly. Otolith shape differences are greater among locations than between years. Correct classification rate of spottedtail goby with the otolith shape at different sampling locations range from 29.7%–77.4%.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.31602159the Agricultural Finance Special Project under contract No.CJDC-2017-22the Scientific Research Foundation of Wuxi City for Returned Oversea Chinese Scholars under contract No.CZ2019231400.
文摘The estuarine tapertail anchovy(Coilia nasus)is a high-value commercial fish.Estimating the spawning site or hatchery origin and habitat is essential for its conservation.This study aimed to determine the habitat use and life history characteristics of C.nasus from the Changjiang River Estuary.We investigated the environmental signatures of strontium(Sr)and calcium(Ca)in the otoliths of the collected specimens using electron probe microanalysis;additionally,we examined their gonadal maturity stage.Our results indicate that the 31 adult C.nasus specimens used in this study could be classified into two types based on their otolith Sr:Ca concentration ratios and their gonadal maturity stage.The long freshwater early life history type(Type LF)had wider central region in the otolith with low Sr:Ca concentration ratios ranging from 1.24±0.62 to 1.92±0.78 and a bluish pattern of low Sr content level.These fish are of riverine origin and had a relatively long early life history in freshwater and low gonadal maturation when captured.The short freshwater early life history type(Type SF)had a shorter central region in the otolith with low Sr:Ca concentration ratios ranging from 1.35±0.5 to 2.82±0.97 and a correspondingly bluish pattern.These fish also had a relatively short-term early life history in freshwater and high gonadal maturation when captured.The results of the otolith microchemical analysis indicated that Type LF and Type SF originated in spawning/hatching sites far from and close to the estuary,respectively.The mature gonads of Type SF fish indicated that they may breed in areas close to the estuary,whereas the immature gonads of Type LF fish indicated that they may breed in areas far from the estuary.This study is the first to reveal that the Changjiang River Estuary contains stocks of anadromous C.nasus originating in different spawning sites during the same season.The estuarine habitat plays a critical role in the connectivity between freshwater recruitment and the marine resources available to adult spawners of this commercially valued species.From a conservation perspective,this study provides important information for identifying anadromous C.nasus stocks originating in different spawning sites in the Changjiang River Basin.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30771653)Bureau of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture
文摘The relation between otolith weight (OW) and the age of marine fish is studied. A total of 222 individuals of bighead white croaker, Pennahia macrocephalus were sampled seasonally in the mouth of the Beibu Gulf, the South China Sea, in 2007. Since there are no significant differences in sagittal OW between otolith in pairs (P≥0.05), the undamaged left sagittal otolith is used for age determination. The highest correlations among standard length, OW and fish ages are confirmed by linear, exponential and multinomial regression. Results show that sagittal OW overlaps only occasionally among age groups, and to individuals with similar standard length, the older and slower-growing fish has a heavier otolith because of the continued otolith material deposition. There are differences in sagittal OW among different age groups and significant positive linear relationship with age (P<0.05). The age readings can be verified by plotting the sagittal OW versus the standard length for age groups, and the individuals with similar standard length but in different ages can be separated by sagittal OW frequency analysis. Mostly, the predicted ages using the regression between sagittal OW and ages are closed to the observed ages by counting annulus on scale. It indicates that the sagittal OW analysis is a useful technique for validating the accuracy of age determination by annuli counts, especially for individuals of similar size. Furthermore, the technique is applied for Pennahia macrocephalus with discussion in this paper.
文摘Objective:Patients with dizziness may present with symptoms of tilting,swaying,rocking,floating or with disequilibrium.This may be suggestive of an isolated otolithic dysfunction yet,there is little emphasis on this emerging clinical entity.To characterize and describe the prevalence of isolated otolith dysfunction in a local tertiary hospital and correlate them with clinical diagnosis.Methodology:Retrospective medical chart review of patients who presented with dizziness to the specialist outpatient Otolaryngology clinic,who required vestibular laboratory investigation.Results:Of the 206 patients,more than half of them(52.4%)fulfilled the criteria for either probable or definite isolated otolith dysfunction.When there are clinical symptoms of otolith dysfunction reported,there is a 1.62 odds of a remarkable laboratory otolith finding.The most common clinical finding was“no clear diagnosis”(65.5%)followed by Vestibular Migraine(13.6%).Conclusion:The prevalence of isolated otolith dysfunction is quite high.Laboratory tests of otolith function should be performed more routinely.This can be done in a sequential way to optimize cost effectiveness in countries with no insurance reimbursement.Prospective cohort studies on isolated otolith dysfunction,will lay the groundwork for achieving diagnostic consensus and formulating rehabilitation plans to aid this group of patients。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.40976084,U1406403,41121064)
文摘We tested the use of otolith shape analysis to discriminate between species and stocks of five goby species( Ctenotrypauchen chinensis, Odontamblyopus lacepedii, Amblychaeturichthys hexanema, Chaeturichthys stigmatias, and Acanthogobius hasta) found in northern Chinese coastal waters. The five species were well differentiated with high overall classification success using shape indices(83.7%), elliptic Fourier coefficients(98.6%), or the combination of both methods(94.9%). However, shape analysis alone was only moderately successful at discriminating among the four stocks(Liaodong Bay, LD; Bohai Bay, BH; Huanghe(Yellow) River estuary HRE, and Jiaozhou Bay, JZ stocks) of A. hasta(50%–54%) and C. stigmatias(65.7%–75.8%). For these two species, shape analysis was moderately successful at discriminating the HRE or JZ stocks from other stocks, but failed to effectively identify the LD and BH stocks. A large number of otoliths were misclassified between the HRE and JZ stocks, which are geographically well separated. The classification success for stock discrimination was higher using elliptic Fourier coefficients alone(70.2%) or in combination with shape indices(75.8%) than using only shape indices(65.7%) in C. stigmatias whereas there was little difference among the three methods for A. hasta. Our results supported the common belief that otolith shape analysis is generally more effective for interspecific identification than intraspecific discrimination. Moreover, compared with shape indices analysis, Fourier analysis improves classification success during inter- and intra-species discrimination by otolith shape analysis, although this did not necessarily always occur in all fish species.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 program) (No. 2005CB422306)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No. Y2008D21)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Creative Research Groups (No. 40821004)the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Marine and Estuarine Fisheries Resources and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture
文摘This study explores the potential existence of local stocks of Synechogobius ommaturus using otolith chemical signatures. The concentrations of 10 elements （K, Ca, Na, Mg, St, Pb, Ba, Mn, Co, Zn） in the otoliths from eight stocks （Dandong, Dalian, Tianjin, Dongying, Weihai, Qingdao, Ganyu and Xiamen） ofS. ommaturus were measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry and regressed against otolith weight. No significant correlation between otolith weight and concentrations of Na, Mg, Ca, Sr, Co, Ba, Zn and Pb were observed. Concentrations of K and Mn were correlated with otolith weight. Consequently, the residuals of the regressions were used instead of the original concentrations in subsequent analyses. Analysis of variance （ANOVA） showed no significant difference between males and females in otolith chemical signatures. Differences were found among the locations for K, Sr, Mn, Co, Ba, Pb, but not for Ca, Na, Mg and Zn. Residuals of the regressions of elemental concentrations against otolith weight that fitted the normal distribution and homogeneity were studied by discriminant analysis. The success of the discriminant function to predict the location of S. ommaturus capture ranged from 100% for Weihai and Xiamen stocks, to only 44.4% and 62.5% for Qingdao and Dandong stocks, respectively. The average prediction success was 80.3%.
文摘Profound sensorineural hearing loss (PSHL) is not uncommonly encountered in otology. In clinics, there is a high incidence of otolithic damage in patients with PSHL, but relevant reports are few. Sharing a continuous membranous structure and similar receptor cell ultrastructures, the cochlea and vestibule may be susceptible to the same harmful factors. Disorders of the inner ear may result in a variety of manifestations, including vertigo, spatial disorientation, blurred vision, impaired articulation, and hearing impairment. Considering the diversity of clinical symptoms associated with PSHL with otolithic dysfunction, it may be frequently misdiagnosed, and objective means of testing the function of otolithic organs should be recommended for hearing-impaired patients. Vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) via air-conducted sound are of great importance for the diagnosis of otolithic function. Hearing devices such as cochlear implants are commonly accepted treatments for PSHL, and early identification and treatment of vestibular disorders may increase the success rate of cochlear implantation. Therefore, it is necessary to increase awareness of otolithic functional states in patients with PSHL.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Y2008D21)the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, No.2005CB422306)
文摘Otolith shape is species-specific in fish.In this study,161 samples of Trumpeter sillago Sillago maculata and 164 of Silver sillago Sillago sihama were collected from Beibu Gulf in July 2009.The main objective of this study was to use morphological variables and Fourier harmonics to describe otolith characteristics and use discriminant analyses to separate the two species.Otoliths were measured by traditional one and two dimensional measures(otolith length,width,diameters,area,perimeter,rectangularity and circularity),as well as by Fourier analysis to capture the finer regions of the otolith.Analysis of covariance(ANCOVA) showed that there was significant correlation between morphological variables(diameter,perimeter,otolith length,otolith width,otolith area,density,harmonics 3,harmonics 4,harmonics 5,harmonics 13,harmonics 15,and harmonics 16) and body length.To minimize size effects on the morphological variables between species,only fish with a body length between 90 and 140 mm were included in the data analysis and the variables which had significant relation with body length were transformed using the residual.The result showed that the accuracy of discriminant analysis was 97.8% and 100% for Trumpeter sillago and Silver sillago,respectively.This high accuracy indicated that otolith shape was described accurately by morphological variables and Fourier harmonics,and discriminant analysis was an effective way to identify and separate the two species.
