Based on the theory of multi-body system (MBS), bine’s and huston’s methods are applied to an on-line measuring system of machining center in this paper. Through the study on modeling technique, the comprehensive mo...Based on the theory of multi-body system (MBS), bine’s and huston’s methods are applied to an on-line measuring system of machining center in this paper. Through the study on modeling technique, the comprehensive model for errors calculation in an on-line measuring System of machining center have been built for the first time. Using this model, the errors can be compensated by soft.ware and the measuring accuracy can be enhanced without any more inveSt. This model can be used in all kinds of machining center.展开更多
A mass on-line control type impact inertial piezoelectric actuator with a bionic wheat structure is proposed in this work.Inspired by the anisotropic friction mechanism of natural wheat awns,a bioinspired mechanism is...A mass on-line control type impact inertial piezoelectric actuator with a bionic wheat structure is proposed in this work.Inspired by the anisotropic friction mechanism of natural wheat awns,a bioinspired mechanism is used to achieve the designed driving strategy based on the asymmetric-mass control method that mimics bidirectional motion characteristics of wheat awn.A lumped parameter theoretical model is established,and the numerical simulation results have verified the designed bionic working principle and revealed the key system parameters.Experimental results show that the prototype has the bi-directional motion ability inherited from anisotropic friction of wheat awn,with theoretically infinite stroke and can easily obtain the required step displacement and velocity by conveniently adjusting the voltage.It can achieve a resolution of 0.7μm,and a forward and backward maximum velocity of 12.7μm/s and 90.72μm/s respectively.In addition,the actuator also has the advantages of good stability,control convenience,and ease of integration.Besides,the actuator is capable of adjusting motion direction via voltage,providing a significant advantage in precise bidirectional control.This study confirms that the proposed mass on-line control type actuator embodies a successful bionic translation from plant morphology to precision engineering,and adds a new member to the family of impact inertial piezoelectric actuators,which completes the last piece of the puzzle for the impact inertial driving mechanism.It promotes the further development of inertial precision driving and control technology and is expected to expand the scope of application.Future work will focus on optimizing performance and developing applications.展开更多
Objective Observational studies have found associations between inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)and the risk of dementia,including Alzheimer’s dementia(AD)and vascular dementia(VD);however,these findings are inconsist...Objective Observational studies have found associations between inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)and the risk of dementia,including Alzheimer’s dementia(AD)and vascular dementia(VD);however,these findings are inconsistent.It remains unclear whether these associations are causal.Methods We conducted a meta-analysis by systematically searching for observational studies on the association between IBD and dementia.Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis based on summary genome-wide association studies(GWASs)was performed.Genetic correlation and Bayesian colocalization analyses were used to provide robust genetic evidence.Results Ten observational studies involving 80,565,688 participants were included in this metaanalysis.IBD was significantly associated with dementia(risk ratio[RR]=1.36,95%CI=1.04-1.78;I2=84.8%)and VD(RR=2.60,95%CI=1.18-5.70;only one study),but not with AD(RR=2.00,95%CI=0.96-4.13;I^(2)=99.8%).MR analyses did not supported significant causal associations of IBD with dementia(dementia:odds ratio[OR]=1.01,95%CI=0.98-1.03;AD:OR=0.98,95%CI=0.95-1.01;VD:OR=1.02,95%CI=0.97-1.07).In addition,genetic correlation and co-localization analyses did not reveal any genetic associations between IBD and dementia.Conclusion Our study did not provide genetic evidence for a causal association between IBD and dementia risk.The increased risk of dementia observed in observational studies may be attributed to unobserved confounding factors or detection bias.展开更多
This paper proposes an interdisciplinary talent training model that combines foreign language education with area studies.The model aims to cultivate international ocean affairs professionals with cross-cultural commu...This paper proposes an interdisciplinary talent training model that combines foreign language education with area studies.The model aims to cultivate international ocean affairs professionals with cross-cultural communication skills,in-depth regional and country knowledge,and practical expertise in ocean affairs.Additionally,the paper presents specific training pathways and policy recommendations for implementing this model.展开更多
Purpose:The aim of the study was to investigate the actual benefits of the electronic official document online submission and approval system and the satisfaction of hospital staff in a medical center in southern Taiw...Purpose:The aim of the study was to investigate the actual benefits of the electronic official document online submission and approval system and the satisfaction of hospital staff in a medical center in southern Taiwan,and to find out whether there are any differences between medical institutions and general government personnel.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate satisfactory outcome with questionnaires.The subjects were administrators,healthcare professionals and medical personnel of a medical center in the southern part of Taiwan who had signed electronic documents online.A total of 395 questionnaires were sent out,147 of which were valid,and the rate of collecting data survey was 37%.We analyzed with SPSS version 20.Results:The official document approval system was mainly used by administrative units and contractors,accounting for more than 50%of users.Besides,the frequency of use was at least more than once a week.As for the user’s perception of operating system,most people thought that it is easier to choose the format of official document and to set up the duty agent on leave,but in the part of the signing and approval process setting or modifying,it was considered more difficult,accounting for 38.1%.In terms of perceptual usefulness,the average value was 3.81,which showed that the user agreed that the system has met the needs of daily official documents.When some users of service area encountered problems with their use,the clerical staff were able to provide services immediately and have the professional ability to resolve problems,in order to agree to the majority,accounting for 53.7%.In addition,nearly 60%of users rated the official document system positively,with an average of 3.84 satisfaction,which was higher than the certified value of 3,conforming to the standards for satisfaction with the use of official documents.In addition,the role authorization,perceptual easy-to-use and service area were significant(p<0.05).The perceptual usefulness of Subordinate units was also significant(p=0.016).The frequency of use,perceptual easy-to-use,perceptual usefulness,service area and satisfaction were significantly different(p<0.05).The correlation coefficient between perceptual usefulness and user satisfaction was 0.833,indicating that there was a high correlation.The daily usage frequency of contractors was higher than supervisors.However,supervisors had the highest frequency of use every quarter(p=0.135).There was no significant difference between contractors and supervisors in the frequency of use.Conclusion:It is suggested that education and training on the operation of the electronic official document on-line submission and approval system should be conducted,which can enhance the education and training of supervisors and medical personnel.Continually,invite supervisors and medical personnel to provide advices on the official document system as a reference for future improvements of the system.展开更多
In modern society,the globalization of literary works is evident,with exceptional literary pieces from various countries spreading worldwide.Among these,children’s literature,due to the specificity of its target audi...In modern society,the globalization of literary works is evident,with exceptional literary pieces from various countries spreading worldwide.Among these,children’s literature,due to the specificity of its target audience,imposes distinct requirements on children’s books,compelling translators to approach the text from a child’s perspective.“The Little Prince”has renowned both within and outside of China,and a careful reading of this work can provide us with much inspiration.To this end,the present study adopts the perspective of Gideon Toury’s Descriptive Translation Studies to conduct an in-depth analysis of the different English and Chinese translations in conjunction with the original French novel.This approach aims to better guide literary research and explores translation methods for children’s literature through the analysis of translation norms and rules.展开更多
Introduction: Correct adjustment of dry weight after hemodialysis (HD) with no signs of hypervolemia is important. Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) is the most common complication during HD. IDH occurs in 15% to 30% an...Introduction: Correct adjustment of dry weight after hemodialysis (HD) with no signs of hypervolemia is important. Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) is the most common complication during HD. IDH occurs in 15% to 30% and possibly in up to 50% of dialysis sessions. IDH augments mortality essentially due to chronic overhydration and the inability to reach the proper dry weight. On-line hemodiafiltration (ol-HDF) has been reported to reduce the frequency of IDH. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of ol-HDF on hemodynamic stability and dry weight adjustment compared with low-flux HD. Methods: IDH-prone HD patients at our center were enrolled. This study was designed as a crossover trial with two phases (A arm: low-flux HD for 8 weeks followed by ol-HDF for 8 weeks vs. B arm: ol-HDF for 8 weeks followed by low-flux HD for 8 weeks) and two treatment arms (ol-HDF vs. low-flux HD), each phase lasting 8 weeks. We measured the proportion of body water using a body composition monitor (BCM). Results: In a comparison of the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) reductions from the baseline blood pressure between the HD and ol-HDF groups, statistically significant differences were observed only in the SBP of the B arm (SBP: HD vs. HDF, -9.83 ± 6.64 vs. -4.62 ± 1.61 mmHg, p = 0.036;DBP: HD vs. HDF, -3.29 ± 4.05 vs. -1.86 ± 1.49 mmHg, p = 0.261). Neither the mean of the interdialytic body weight gains nor the frequency of IDH was different between the A and B arms (p = 0.817 and p = 0.562, respectively). In terms of dialysis modality, there were no significant differences in the amount of overhydration between the conventional HD and ol-HDF groups during the two study phases, as measured by the BCM (A arm: p = 0.875, B arm: p = 0.655). Conclusion: Our study did not show a better benefit of ol-HDF to reach the dry weight compared with low-flux HD in IDH-prone patients.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal endoscopy technology has significantly improved the diagnostic accuracy and the successful treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.However,a series of ethical issues have emerged,such as exp...BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal endoscopy technology has significantly improved the diagnostic accuracy and the successful treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.However,a series of ethical issues have emerged,such as expanding treatment indications,which affect the fair distribution of medical resources.There is limited research on ethical issues in the field of digestive endoscopy.AIM To investigate the level of ethical awareness among gastrointestinal endoscopy practitioners and analyze the ethical issues involved in gastrointestinal endoscopy technology.METHODS A questionnaire survey was performed to collect relevant data(gender,age,degree of education,professional title,personnel category,the level of understanding medical ethical principles,ethics training and its learning pathways)from gastrointestinal endoscopy practitioners at the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University and Dalian Friendship Hospital,including licensed physicians and nurses(including trainees and graduate students).RESULTS The majority of gastrointestinal endoscopy practitioners have received training on ethics,but there is still considerable room for improvement in their ethical awareness.Different learning pathways may affect the mastery of ethical principles, and understanding of ethical principles is more easily achieved through hospital ethics institutions.CONCLUSIONTo address the ethical issues in gastrointestinal endoscopy technology, it is necessary to enhance the humanisticeducation of gastrointestinal endoscopy practitioners, incorporate ethical standards into the technology assessmentprocess, and establish a patient-centered diagnostic and treatment model to improve the ethical awareness of practitionersand achieve a balance between technology and ethics.展开更多
Existing evidence suggests residential greenness is beneficial to human,while no research to date explored the associations of greenness with age-related macular degeneration(AMD).To evaluate the association of greenn...Existing evidence suggests residential greenness is beneficial to human,while no research to date explored the associations of greenness with age-related macular degeneration(AMD).To evaluate the association of greenness with AMD,modification and mediation effect of air pollution,we conducted this prospective study.We con-structed weighted quantile sum(WQS)index as co-exposure to nitrogen oxides(NO_(x)),particulate matter<2.5μm(PM_(2.5)),particulate matter<10μm(PM10).Stratified Cox regression models were applied to test the effect of exposure.Effect modification of air pollution was assessed.Stratified Cox models through the indirect method and Aalen additive risk models were used in mediation analysis.Over median follow-up of 11.67 years,4596 AMD events were ascertained.Hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs)of incident AMD for pollution per interquartile range(IQR)increment were 1.10(1.04–1.16)for nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2)),1.09(1.03–1.15)for NO_(x),1.14(1.05–1.24)for PM_(2.5),1.13(1.05–1.21)for PM10.The HR(95%CI)of AMD associated with greenness 1000 m buffer per IQR increment was 0.91(0.86–0.97),300 m buffer was 0.94(0.89–0.99).The as-sociation between greenness 1000 m and AMD was 28.59%,44.77%,35.59%,32.31%and 27.08%mediated by the decreased WQS index,NO_(2),NO_(x),PM_(2.5) and PM10,respectively.Increased greenness was associated with lower AMD incidence,and air pollution partly mediate it,which implies that interventions aimed at improving air quality and increasing greenness could have a dual benefit in mitigating AMD risk.展开更多
Background:Despite highly effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2,COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy persisted in some populations in England during the pandemic,with rates and motivations for hesitancy varying by demographic g...Background:Despite highly effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2,COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy persisted in some populations in England during the pandemic,with rates and motivations for hesitancy varying by demographic group.Addressing the drivers of vaccine hesitancy through targeted interventions in hesitant groups is a public health priority for better and more rapid control of disease spread.We aimed to characterise the determinants and subtypes of vaccine hesitancy and identify more persistent forms of hesitancy via analysis of vaccine uptake in a large cross-sectional cohort with linked National Health Service(NHS)data.展开更多
Background:To determine whether initiating a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist(GLP-1 RA)within 3 months of type 2 diabetes(T2DM)diagnosis alters the subsequent risk of overall and site-specific cancer and wheth...Background:To determine whether initiating a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist(GLP-1 RA)within 3 months of type 2 diabetes(T2DM)diagnosis alters the subsequent risk of overall and site-specific cancer and whether this association differs by baseline body-mass index(BMI).Methods:This retrospective cohort study used electronic health records from the TriNetX U.S.research network.Adults aged 20 years or older diagnosed with T2DM between 2016 and 2024 were included if they received any hypoglycemic agents within 3 months before and after diagnosis.Following 1:1 propensity score matching,both the GLP-1 RA user and non-user groups included 183,264 patients.The study outcome was defined as a diagnosis of malignant neoplasms.Hazard ratios(HRs)for overall and site-specific cancer risk were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models.Kaplan–Meier analysis and stratified analysis by BMI were performed.Results:Early GLP-1 RA use demonstrated a modest but significant association with reduced overall cancer risk(HR 0.93;95%CI:0.90–0.96).Reduced risks were noted for cancers of the digestive(HR 0.81),respiratory(HR 0.66),and female genital(HR 0.87)systems.In stratified analysis,benefits were more pronounced in patients with BMI≥30,particularly for pancreatic and colorectal cancers.Conclusion:Early initiation of GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients with diagnosed T2DM was associated with a modest reduction in overall cancer risk,particularly among individuals with obesity.These findings highlight the dual metabolic and oncologic value of prompt GLP-1 RA therapy.展开更多
A rapid and simple liquid chromatography method with on-line solid phase extraction was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of cyclophosphamide in rat plasma.The plasma sample was first extracte...A rapid and simple liquid chromatography method with on-line solid phase extraction was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of cyclophosphamide in rat plasma.The plasma sample was first extracted on an Acclaim？ Polar Advantage II C18 guard column（PA II C18,10 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）,which was also the on-line Extraction Cartridge SPE column,by washing with 100% H2O for 1 min.The extracted sample was then eluted onto a PA II C18 column（150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm） and separated by isocratic elution with acetonitrile-water（40：60,v/v）.The mobile phase was run at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min,and the UV detector was set at 195 nm.Retention time of cyclophosphamide was 4.3 min and the total run-time was 6 min.The linear range of the standard curve was from 1.0 to 200 μg/mL（r2 = 0.9999）,and the limits of quantification and detection were 1.0 μg/mL（RSD10%,n = 5） and 0.3 μg/mL（RSD13%,n = 5）,respectively.Both intra-and inter-day variations were less than 5.6%.The developed method can be used for the therapeutic drug monitoring of cyclophosphamide in the clinic.展开更多
The principle and the constitution of an intelligent system for on-line and real-time montitoring tool cutting state were discussed and a synthetic sensors schedule combined a new type fluid acoustic emission sens...The principle and the constitution of an intelligent system for on-line and real-time montitoring tool cutting state were discussed and a synthetic sensors schedule combined a new type fluid acoustic emission sensor (AE) with motor current sensor was presented. The parallel communication between control system of machine tools, the monitoring intelligent system,and several decision-making systems for identifying tool cutting state was established It can auto - matically select the sensor way ,monitoring mode and identifying method in machining process- ing so as to build a successful and effective intelligent system for on -line and real-time moni- toring cutting tool states in FMS.展开更多
This paper introduces the development and industrial application of an on-line corrosion monitoring device for condenser tubes. Corrosion sensors are made up of representative condenser tubes chosen by eddy current te...This paper introduces the development and industrial application of an on-line corrosion monitoring device for condenser tubes. Corrosion sensors are made up of representative condenser tubes chosen by eddy current test, which enable the monitoring result to be consistent with the corrosion of actual condenser tubes. Localized corrosion rate of condenser tubes can be measured indirectly by a galvanic couple made up of tube segments with and without pits. Using this technology, corrosion problems can be found in time and accurately, and anticorrosive measures be made more economic and effective. Applications in two power plants showed the corrosion measurements are fast and accurate.展开更多
The effects of on-line solution, off-line solution and aging heat treatment on the microstructure and hardness of the die-cast AZ91D alloys were investigated. Brinell hardness of die-cast AZ91D alloy increases through...The effects of on-line solution, off-line solution and aging heat treatment on the microstructure and hardness of the die-cast AZ91D alloys were investigated. Brinell hardness of die-cast AZ91D alloy increases through on-line solution and off-line aging treatment but decreases after off-line solution treatment. By X-ray diffractometry, optical microscopy, differential thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy, it is found that the microstructures of the die-cast AZ91D magnesium alloy before and after on-line solution and off-line aging are similar, consisting of α-Mg and β-Al12Mg17. The precipitation of Al element is prevented by on-line solution so that the effect of solid solution strengthening is enhanced. The β-Al12Mg17 phases precipitate from supersaturated Mg solid solution after off-line aging treatment, and lead to microstructure refinement of AZ91D alloy, so the effect of precipitation hardening is enhanced. The β-Al12Mg17 phases dissolve in the substructure after off-line solution treatment, which leads to that the grain boundary strengthening phase is reduced significantly and the hardness of die cast AZ91D is reduced.展开更多
文摘Based on the theory of multi-body system (MBS), bine’s and huston’s methods are applied to an on-line measuring system of machining center in this paper. Through the study on modeling technique, the comprehensive model for errors calculation in an on-line measuring System of machining center have been built for the first time. Using this model, the errors can be compensated by soft.ware and the measuring accuracy can be enhanced without any more inveSt. This model can be used in all kinds of machining center.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 52205075in part by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China,under Grant LZ24E050008National Undergraduate Training Program on Innovation and Entrepreneurship,under Grant 202410345040.
文摘A mass on-line control type impact inertial piezoelectric actuator with a bionic wheat structure is proposed in this work.Inspired by the anisotropic friction mechanism of natural wheat awns,a bioinspired mechanism is used to achieve the designed driving strategy based on the asymmetric-mass control method that mimics bidirectional motion characteristics of wheat awn.A lumped parameter theoretical model is established,and the numerical simulation results have verified the designed bionic working principle and revealed the key system parameters.Experimental results show that the prototype has the bi-directional motion ability inherited from anisotropic friction of wheat awn,with theoretically infinite stroke and can easily obtain the required step displacement and velocity by conveniently adjusting the voltage.It can achieve a resolution of 0.7μm,and a forward and backward maximum velocity of 12.7μm/s and 90.72μm/s respectively.In addition,the actuator also has the advantages of good stability,control convenience,and ease of integration.Besides,the actuator is capable of adjusting motion direction via voltage,providing a significant advantage in precise bidirectional control.This study confirms that the proposed mass on-line control type actuator embodies a successful bionic translation from plant morphology to precision engineering,and adds a new member to the family of impact inertial piezoelectric actuators,which completes the last piece of the puzzle for the impact inertial driving mechanism.It promotes the further development of inertial precision driving and control technology and is expected to expand the scope of application.Future work will focus on optimizing performance and developing applications.
基金supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2021M703366)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(Grant No.KQTD20190929172835662).
文摘Objective Observational studies have found associations between inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)and the risk of dementia,including Alzheimer’s dementia(AD)and vascular dementia(VD);however,these findings are inconsistent.It remains unclear whether these associations are causal.Methods We conducted a meta-analysis by systematically searching for observational studies on the association between IBD and dementia.Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis based on summary genome-wide association studies(GWASs)was performed.Genetic correlation and Bayesian colocalization analyses were used to provide robust genetic evidence.Results Ten observational studies involving 80,565,688 participants were included in this metaanalysis.IBD was significantly associated with dementia(risk ratio[RR]=1.36,95%CI=1.04-1.78;I2=84.8%)and VD(RR=2.60,95%CI=1.18-5.70;only one study),but not with AD(RR=2.00,95%CI=0.96-4.13;I^(2)=99.8%).MR analyses did not supported significant causal associations of IBD with dementia(dementia:odds ratio[OR]=1.01,95%CI=0.98-1.03;AD:OR=0.98,95%CI=0.95-1.01;VD:OR=1.02,95%CI=0.97-1.07).In addition,genetic correlation and co-localization analyses did not reveal any genetic associations between IBD and dementia.Conclusion Our study did not provide genetic evidence for a causal association between IBD and dementia risk.The increased risk of dementia observed in observational studies may be attributed to unobserved confounding factors or detection bias.
基金supported by“Dalian Maritime University Teaching Reform Research Fund 2022 Annual Project”(Fund No.XJG2022-96).
文摘This paper proposes an interdisciplinary talent training model that combines foreign language education with area studies.The model aims to cultivate international ocean affairs professionals with cross-cultural communication skills,in-depth regional and country knowledge,and practical expertise in ocean affairs.Additionally,the paper presents specific training pathways and policy recommendations for implementing this model.
文摘Purpose:The aim of the study was to investigate the actual benefits of the electronic official document online submission and approval system and the satisfaction of hospital staff in a medical center in southern Taiwan,and to find out whether there are any differences between medical institutions and general government personnel.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate satisfactory outcome with questionnaires.The subjects were administrators,healthcare professionals and medical personnel of a medical center in the southern part of Taiwan who had signed electronic documents online.A total of 395 questionnaires were sent out,147 of which were valid,and the rate of collecting data survey was 37%.We analyzed with SPSS version 20.Results:The official document approval system was mainly used by administrative units and contractors,accounting for more than 50%of users.Besides,the frequency of use was at least more than once a week.As for the user’s perception of operating system,most people thought that it is easier to choose the format of official document and to set up the duty agent on leave,but in the part of the signing and approval process setting or modifying,it was considered more difficult,accounting for 38.1%.In terms of perceptual usefulness,the average value was 3.81,which showed that the user agreed that the system has met the needs of daily official documents.When some users of service area encountered problems with their use,the clerical staff were able to provide services immediately and have the professional ability to resolve problems,in order to agree to the majority,accounting for 53.7%.In addition,nearly 60%of users rated the official document system positively,with an average of 3.84 satisfaction,which was higher than the certified value of 3,conforming to the standards for satisfaction with the use of official documents.In addition,the role authorization,perceptual easy-to-use and service area were significant(p<0.05).The perceptual usefulness of Subordinate units was also significant(p=0.016).The frequency of use,perceptual easy-to-use,perceptual usefulness,service area and satisfaction were significantly different(p<0.05).The correlation coefficient between perceptual usefulness and user satisfaction was 0.833,indicating that there was a high correlation.The daily usage frequency of contractors was higher than supervisors.However,supervisors had the highest frequency of use every quarter(p=0.135).There was no significant difference between contractors and supervisors in the frequency of use.Conclusion:It is suggested that education and training on the operation of the electronic official document on-line submission and approval system should be conducted,which can enhance the education and training of supervisors and medical personnel.Continually,invite supervisors and medical personnel to provide advices on the official document system as a reference for future improvements of the system.
文摘In modern society,the globalization of literary works is evident,with exceptional literary pieces from various countries spreading worldwide.Among these,children’s literature,due to the specificity of its target audience,imposes distinct requirements on children’s books,compelling translators to approach the text from a child’s perspective.“The Little Prince”has renowned both within and outside of China,and a careful reading of this work can provide us with much inspiration.To this end,the present study adopts the perspective of Gideon Toury’s Descriptive Translation Studies to conduct an in-depth analysis of the different English and Chinese translations in conjunction with the original French novel.This approach aims to better guide literary research and explores translation methods for children’s literature through the analysis of translation norms and rules.
文摘Introduction: Correct adjustment of dry weight after hemodialysis (HD) with no signs of hypervolemia is important. Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) is the most common complication during HD. IDH occurs in 15% to 30% and possibly in up to 50% of dialysis sessions. IDH augments mortality essentially due to chronic overhydration and the inability to reach the proper dry weight. On-line hemodiafiltration (ol-HDF) has been reported to reduce the frequency of IDH. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of ol-HDF on hemodynamic stability and dry weight adjustment compared with low-flux HD. Methods: IDH-prone HD patients at our center were enrolled. This study was designed as a crossover trial with two phases (A arm: low-flux HD for 8 weeks followed by ol-HDF for 8 weeks vs. B arm: ol-HDF for 8 weeks followed by low-flux HD for 8 weeks) and two treatment arms (ol-HDF vs. low-flux HD), each phase lasting 8 weeks. We measured the proportion of body water using a body composition monitor (BCM). Results: In a comparison of the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) reductions from the baseline blood pressure between the HD and ol-HDF groups, statistically significant differences were observed only in the SBP of the B arm (SBP: HD vs. HDF, -9.83 ± 6.64 vs. -4.62 ± 1.61 mmHg, p = 0.036;DBP: HD vs. HDF, -3.29 ± 4.05 vs. -1.86 ± 1.49 mmHg, p = 0.261). Neither the mean of the interdialytic body weight gains nor the frequency of IDH was different between the A and B arms (p = 0.817 and p = 0.562, respectively). In terms of dialysis modality, there were no significant differences in the amount of overhydration between the conventional HD and ol-HDF groups during the two study phases, as measured by the BCM (A arm: p = 0.875, B arm: p = 0.655). Conclusion: Our study did not show a better benefit of ol-HDF to reach the dry weight compared with low-flux HD in IDH-prone patients.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal endoscopy technology has significantly improved the diagnostic accuracy and the successful treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.However,a series of ethical issues have emerged,such as expanding treatment indications,which affect the fair distribution of medical resources.There is limited research on ethical issues in the field of digestive endoscopy.AIM To investigate the level of ethical awareness among gastrointestinal endoscopy practitioners and analyze the ethical issues involved in gastrointestinal endoscopy technology.METHODS A questionnaire survey was performed to collect relevant data(gender,age,degree of education,professional title,personnel category,the level of understanding medical ethical principles,ethics training and its learning pathways)from gastrointestinal endoscopy practitioners at the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University and Dalian Friendship Hospital,including licensed physicians and nurses(including trainees and graduate students).RESULTS The majority of gastrointestinal endoscopy practitioners have received training on ethics,but there is still considerable room for improvement in their ethical awareness.Different learning pathways may affect the mastery of ethical principles, and understanding of ethical principles is more easily achieved through hospital ethics institutions.CONCLUSIONTo address the ethical issues in gastrointestinal endoscopy technology, it is necessary to enhance the humanisticeducation of gastrointestinal endoscopy practitioners, incorporate ethical standards into the technology assessmentprocess, and establish a patient-centered diagnostic and treatment model to improve the ethical awareness of practitionersand achieve a balance between technology and ethics.
基金supported by the High-level Talents Introduction Plan from Central South University(No.502045003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42277438)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.2024JJ2082)to Fang Xiao,and the Postgraduate Independent Exploration and Innovation Project of Central South University,China(Nos.2024ZZTS0557 and 2023ZZTS0993)。
文摘Existing evidence suggests residential greenness is beneficial to human,while no research to date explored the associations of greenness with age-related macular degeneration(AMD).To evaluate the association of greenness with AMD,modification and mediation effect of air pollution,we conducted this prospective study.We con-structed weighted quantile sum(WQS)index as co-exposure to nitrogen oxides(NO_(x)),particulate matter<2.5μm(PM_(2.5)),particulate matter<10μm(PM10).Stratified Cox regression models were applied to test the effect of exposure.Effect modification of air pollution was assessed.Stratified Cox models through the indirect method and Aalen additive risk models were used in mediation analysis.Over median follow-up of 11.67 years,4596 AMD events were ascertained.Hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs)of incident AMD for pollution per interquartile range(IQR)increment were 1.10(1.04–1.16)for nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2)),1.09(1.03–1.15)for NO_(x),1.14(1.05–1.24)for PM_(2.5),1.13(1.05–1.21)for PM10.The HR(95%CI)of AMD associated with greenness 1000 m buffer per IQR increment was 0.91(0.86–0.97),300 m buffer was 0.94(0.89–0.99).The as-sociation between greenness 1000 m and AMD was 28.59%,44.77%,35.59%,32.31%and 27.08%mediated by the decreased WQS index,NO_(2),NO_(x),PM_(2.5) and PM10,respectively.Increased greenness was associated with lower AMD incidence,and air pollution partly mediate it,which implies that interventions aimed at improving air quality and increasing greenness could have a dual benefit in mitigating AMD risk.
文摘Background:Despite highly effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2,COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy persisted in some populations in England during the pandemic,with rates and motivations for hesitancy varying by demographic group.Addressing the drivers of vaccine hesitancy through targeted interventions in hesitant groups is a public health priority for better and more rapid control of disease spread.We aimed to characterise the determinants and subtypes of vaccine hesitancy and identify more persistent forms of hesitancy via analysis of vaccine uptake in a large cross-sectional cohort with linked National Health Service(NHS)data.
基金financial support fromthe Chung Shan Medical University Hospital,Taiwan(CSH-2022-A-009).
文摘Background:To determine whether initiating a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist(GLP-1 RA)within 3 months of type 2 diabetes(T2DM)diagnosis alters the subsequent risk of overall and site-specific cancer and whether this association differs by baseline body-mass index(BMI).Methods:This retrospective cohort study used electronic health records from the TriNetX U.S.research network.Adults aged 20 years or older diagnosed with T2DM between 2016 and 2024 were included if they received any hypoglycemic agents within 3 months before and after diagnosis.Following 1:1 propensity score matching,both the GLP-1 RA user and non-user groups included 183,264 patients.The study outcome was defined as a diagnosis of malignant neoplasms.Hazard ratios(HRs)for overall and site-specific cancer risk were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models.Kaplan–Meier analysis and stratified analysis by BMI were performed.Results:Early GLP-1 RA use demonstrated a modest but significant association with reduced overall cancer risk(HR 0.93;95%CI:0.90–0.96).Reduced risks were noted for cancers of the digestive(HR 0.81),respiratory(HR 0.66),and female genital(HR 0.87)systems.In stratified analysis,benefits were more pronounced in patients with BMI≥30,particularly for pancreatic and colorectal cancers.Conclusion:Early initiation of GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients with diagnosed T2DM was associated with a modest reduction in overall cancer risk,particularly among individuals with obesity.These findings highlight the dual metabolic and oncologic value of prompt GLP-1 RA therapy.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81072612)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(Grant No.7102107)+1 种基金the Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs(Grant No.K20110109)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(Grant No.20110001110021)
文摘A rapid and simple liquid chromatography method with on-line solid phase extraction was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of cyclophosphamide in rat plasma.The plasma sample was first extracted on an Acclaim？ Polar Advantage II C18 guard column（PA II C18,10 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）,which was also the on-line Extraction Cartridge SPE column,by washing with 100% H2O for 1 min.The extracted sample was then eluted onto a PA II C18 column（150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm） and separated by isocratic elution with acetonitrile-water（40：60,v/v）.The mobile phase was run at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min,and the UV detector was set at 195 nm.Retention time of cyclophosphamide was 4.3 min and the total run-time was 6 min.The linear range of the standard curve was from 1.0 to 200 μg/mL（r2 = 0.9999）,and the limits of quantification and detection were 1.0 μg/mL（RSD10%,n = 5） and 0.3 μg/mL（RSD13%,n = 5）,respectively.Both intra-and inter-day variations were less than 5.6%.The developed method can be used for the therapeutic drug monitoring of cyclophosphamide in the clinic.
文摘The principle and the constitution of an intelligent system for on-line and real-time montitoring tool cutting state were discussed and a synthetic sensors schedule combined a new type fluid acoustic emission sensor (AE) with motor current sensor was presented. The parallel communication between control system of machine tools, the monitoring intelligent system,and several decision-making systems for identifying tool cutting state was established It can auto - matically select the sensor way ,monitoring mode and identifying method in machining process- ing so as to build a successful and effective intelligent system for on -line and real-time moni- toring cutting tool states in FMS.
文摘This paper introduces the development and industrial application of an on-line corrosion monitoring device for condenser tubes. Corrosion sensors are made up of representative condenser tubes chosen by eddy current test, which enable the monitoring result to be consistent with the corrosion of actual condenser tubes. Localized corrosion rate of condenser tubes can be measured indirectly by a galvanic couple made up of tube segments with and without pits. Using this technology, corrosion problems can be found in time and accurately, and anticorrosive measures be made more economic and effective. Applications in two power plants showed the corrosion measurements are fast and accurate.
基金Projects (2011BAE22B01, 2011BAE22B06) supported by the National Key Technologies R&D Program During the 12th Five-Year Plan Period of ChinaProject (2010NC018) supported by the Innovation Fund of Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, China
文摘The effects of on-line solution, off-line solution and aging heat treatment on the microstructure and hardness of the die-cast AZ91D alloys were investigated. Brinell hardness of die-cast AZ91D alloy increases through on-line solution and off-line aging treatment but decreases after off-line solution treatment. By X-ray diffractometry, optical microscopy, differential thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy, it is found that the microstructures of the die-cast AZ91D magnesium alloy before and after on-line solution and off-line aging are similar, consisting of α-Mg and β-Al12Mg17. The precipitation of Al element is prevented by on-line solution so that the effect of solid solution strengthening is enhanced. The β-Al12Mg17 phases precipitate from supersaturated Mg solid solution after off-line aging treatment, and lead to microstructure refinement of AZ91D alloy, so the effect of precipitation hardening is enhanced. The β-Al12Mg17 phases dissolve in the substructure after off-line solution treatment, which leads to that the grain boundary strengthening phase is reduced significantly and the hardness of die cast AZ91D is reduced.
