Object-oriented methodology was expected to revolutionize GIS design and development,making it easier and faster to design,through a common approach to conceptual modelling,database design,programming languages and us...Object-oriented methodology was expected to revolutionize GIS design and development,making it easier and faster to design,through a common approach to conceptual modelling,database design,programming languages and user interface tools.In addition,an object-oriented model provides some useful tools for data abstraction and data structuring,which augment the conventional tools and overcome some deficiencies inherent to the traditional relational model.The principles of object-oriented modelling applied to geographic data were put forward,and the concepts of object-oriented paradigm and characteristics of spatial data management were proposed in order to argument their compatibility.展开更多
This paper discusses the features and relevant theories of GIS spatial data model based on hypergraph,etc.The integrated concept model based on hypergraph and object_oriented model (HOOM) is proposed by the authors.Th...This paper discusses the features and relevant theories of GIS spatial data model based on hypergraph,etc.The integrated concept model based on hypergraph and object_oriented model (HOOM) is proposed by the authors.The principal contribution of this paper is that we study the K_section and other theories of hypergraph.An application example using HOOM is given at the end of the paper.展开更多
This paper presents a conceptual data model, the STA-model, for handling spatial, temporal and attribute aspects of objects in GIS. The model is developed on the basis of object-oriented modeling approach. This model ...This paper presents a conceptual data model, the STA-model, for handling spatial, temporal and attribute aspects of objects in GIS. The model is developed on the basis of object-oriented modeling approach. This model includes two major parts: (a) modeling the signal objects by STA-object elements, and (b) modeling relationships between STA-objects. As an example, the STA-model is applied for modeling land cover change data with spatial, temporal and attribute components.展开更多
Incorporation of explainability features in the decision-making web-based systems is considered a primary concern to enhance accountability,transparency,and trust in the community.Multi-domain Sentiment Analysis is a ...Incorporation of explainability features in the decision-making web-based systems is considered a primary concern to enhance accountability,transparency,and trust in the community.Multi-domain Sentiment Analysis is a significant web-based system where the explainability feature is essential for achieving user satisfaction.Conventional design methodologies such as object-oriented design methodology(OODM)have been proposed for web-based application development,which facilitates code reuse,quantification,and security at the design level.However,OODM did not provide the feature of explainability in web-based decision-making systems.X-OODM modifies the OODM with added explainable models to introduce the explainability feature for such systems.This research introduces an explainable model leveraging X-OODM for designing transparent applications for multidomain sentiment analysis.The proposed design is evaluated using the design quality metrics defined for the evaluation of the X-OODM explainable model under user context.The design quality metrics,transferability,simulatability,informativeness,and decomposability were introduced one after another over time to the evaluation of the X-OODM user context.Auxiliary metrics of accessibility and algorithmic transparency were added to increase the degree of explainability for the design.The study results reveal that introducing such explainability parameters with X-OODM appropriately increases system transparency,trustworthiness,and user understanding.The experimental results validate the enhancement of decision-making for multi-domain sentiment analysis with integration at the design level of explainability.Future work can be built in this direction by extending this work to apply the proposed X-OODM framework over different datasets and sentiment analysis applications to further scrutinize its effectiveness in real-world scenarios.展开更多
The inspection of engine lubricating oil can give an indication of the internal condition of an engine. By means of the Object-Oriented Programming (OOP), an expert system is developed in this paper to computerize the...The inspection of engine lubricating oil can give an indication of the internal condition of an engine. By means of the Object-Oriented Programming (OOP), an expert system is developed in this paper to computerize the inspection. The traditional components of an expert system, such us knowledge base, inference engine and user interface are reconstructed and integrated, based on the Microsoft Foundation Class (MFC) library. To testify the expert system, an inspection example is given at the end of this paper.展开更多
A SOTER management system was developed by analyzing, designing, programming, testing, repeated proceeding and progressing based on the object-oriented method. The function of the attribute database management is inhe...A SOTER management system was developed by analyzing, designing, programming, testing, repeated proceeding and progressing based on the object-oriented method. The function of the attribute database management is inherited and expanded in the new system. The integrity and security of the SOTER database are enhanced. The attribute database management, the spatial database management and the model base are integrated into SOTER based on the component object model (COM), and the graphical user interface (GUI) for Windows is used to interact with clients, thus being easy to create and maintain the SOTER, and convenient to promote the quantification and automation of soil information application.展开更多
Due to the small size,variety,and high degree of mixing of herbaceous vegetation,remote sensing-based identification of grassland types primarily focuses on extracting major grassland categories,lacking detailed depic...Due to the small size,variety,and high degree of mixing of herbaceous vegetation,remote sensing-based identification of grassland types primarily focuses on extracting major grassland categories,lacking detailed depiction.This limitation significantly hampers the development of effective evaluation and fine supervision for the rational utilization of grassland resources.To address this issue,this study concentrates on the representative grassland of Zhenglan Banner in Inner Mongolia as the study area.It integrates the strengths of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 active-passive synergistic observations and introduces innovative object-oriented techniques for grassland type classification,thereby enhancing the accuracy and refinement of grassland classification.The results demonstrate the following:(1)To meet the supervision requirements of grassland resources,we propose a grassland type classification system based on remote sensing and the vegetation-habitat classification method,specifically applicable to natural grasslands in northern China.(2)By utilizing the high-spatial-resolution Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)synthesized through the Spatial and Temporal Non-Local Filter-based Fusion Model(STNLFFM),we are able to capture the NDVI time profiles of grassland types,accurately extract vegetation phenological information within the year,and further enhance the temporal resolution.(3)The integration of multi-seasonal spectral,polarization,and phenological characteristics significantly improves the classification accuracy of grassland types.The overall accuracy reaches 82.61%,with a kappa coefficient of 0.79.Compared to using only multi-seasonal spectral features,the accuracy and kappa coefficient have improved by 15.94%and 0.19,respectively.Notably,the accuracy improvement of the gently sloping steppe is the highest,exceeding 38%.(4)Sandy grassland is the most widespread in the study area,and the growth season of grassland vegetation mainly occurs from May to September.The sandy meadow exhibits a longer growing season compared with typical grassland and meadow,and the distinct differences in phenological characteristics contribute to the accurate identification of various grassland types.展开更多
文摘Object-oriented methodology was expected to revolutionize GIS design and development,making it easier and faster to design,through a common approach to conceptual modelling,database design,programming languages and user interface tools.In addition,an object-oriented model provides some useful tools for data abstraction and data structuring,which augment the conventional tools and overcome some deficiencies inherent to the traditional relational model.The principles of object-oriented modelling applied to geographic data were put forward,and the concepts of object-oriented paradigm and characteristics of spatial data management were proposed in order to argument their compatibility.
文摘This paper discusses the features and relevant theories of GIS spatial data model based on hypergraph,etc.The integrated concept model based on hypergraph and object_oriented model (HOOM) is proposed by the authors.The principal contribution of this paper is that we study the K_section and other theories of hypergraph.An application example using HOOM is given at the end of the paper.
文摘This paper presents a conceptual data model, the STA-model, for handling spatial, temporal and attribute aspects of objects in GIS. The model is developed on the basis of object-oriented modeling approach. This model includes two major parts: (a) modeling the signal objects by STA-object elements, and (b) modeling relationships between STA-objects. As an example, the STA-model is applied for modeling land cover change data with spatial, temporal and attribute components.
基金support of the Deanship of Research and Graduate Studies at Ajman University under Projects 2024-IRG-ENiT-36 and 2024-IRG-ENIT-29.
文摘Incorporation of explainability features in the decision-making web-based systems is considered a primary concern to enhance accountability,transparency,and trust in the community.Multi-domain Sentiment Analysis is a significant web-based system where the explainability feature is essential for achieving user satisfaction.Conventional design methodologies such as object-oriented design methodology(OODM)have been proposed for web-based application development,which facilitates code reuse,quantification,and security at the design level.However,OODM did not provide the feature of explainability in web-based decision-making systems.X-OODM modifies the OODM with added explainable models to introduce the explainability feature for such systems.This research introduces an explainable model leveraging X-OODM for designing transparent applications for multidomain sentiment analysis.The proposed design is evaluated using the design quality metrics defined for the evaluation of the X-OODM explainable model under user context.The design quality metrics,transferability,simulatability,informativeness,and decomposability were introduced one after another over time to the evaluation of the X-OODM user context.Auxiliary metrics of accessibility and algorithmic transparency were added to increase the degree of explainability for the design.The study results reveal that introducing such explainability parameters with X-OODM appropriately increases system transparency,trustworthiness,and user understanding.The experimental results validate the enhancement of decision-making for multi-domain sentiment analysis with integration at the design level of explainability.Future work can be built in this direction by extending this work to apply the proposed X-OODM framework over different datasets and sentiment analysis applications to further scrutinize its effectiveness in real-world scenarios.
文摘The inspection of engine lubricating oil can give an indication of the internal condition of an engine. By means of the Object-Oriented Programming (OOP), an expert system is developed in this paper to computerize the inspection. The traditional components of an expert system, such us knowledge base, inference engine and user interface are reconstructed and integrated, based on the Microsoft Foundation Class (MFC) library. To testify the expert system, an inspection example is given at the end of this paper.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40271056) Hubei Provin- cial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 99J123).
文摘A SOTER management system was developed by analyzing, designing, programming, testing, repeated proceeding and progressing based on the object-oriented method. The function of the attribute database management is inherited and expanded in the new system. The integrity and security of the SOTER database are enhanced. The attribute database management, the spatial database management and the model base are integrated into SOTER based on the component object model (COM), and the graphical user interface (GUI) for Windows is used to interact with clients, thus being easy to create and maintain the SOTER, and convenient to promote the quantification and automation of soil information application.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 42001386,42271407]within the ESA-MOST China Dragon 5 Cooperation(ID:59313).
文摘Due to the small size,variety,and high degree of mixing of herbaceous vegetation,remote sensing-based identification of grassland types primarily focuses on extracting major grassland categories,lacking detailed depiction.This limitation significantly hampers the development of effective evaluation and fine supervision for the rational utilization of grassland resources.To address this issue,this study concentrates on the representative grassland of Zhenglan Banner in Inner Mongolia as the study area.It integrates the strengths of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 active-passive synergistic observations and introduces innovative object-oriented techniques for grassland type classification,thereby enhancing the accuracy and refinement of grassland classification.The results demonstrate the following:(1)To meet the supervision requirements of grassland resources,we propose a grassland type classification system based on remote sensing and the vegetation-habitat classification method,specifically applicable to natural grasslands in northern China.(2)By utilizing the high-spatial-resolution Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)synthesized through the Spatial and Temporal Non-Local Filter-based Fusion Model(STNLFFM),we are able to capture the NDVI time profiles of grassland types,accurately extract vegetation phenological information within the year,and further enhance the temporal resolution.(3)The integration of multi-seasonal spectral,polarization,and phenological characteristics significantly improves the classification accuracy of grassland types.The overall accuracy reaches 82.61%,with a kappa coefficient of 0.79.Compared to using only multi-seasonal spectral features,the accuracy and kappa coefficient have improved by 15.94%and 0.19,respectively.Notably,the accuracy improvement of the gently sloping steppe is the highest,exceeding 38%.(4)Sandy grassland is the most widespread in the study area,and the growth season of grassland vegetation mainly occurs from May to September.The sandy meadow exhibits a longer growing season compared with typical grassland and meadow,and the distinct differences in phenological characteristics contribute to the accurate identification of various grassland types.
