Fungi that attack field crops and contaminate agricultural commodities produce mycotoxins when conditions are favorable. These are specialized metabolites made of poisonous chemical compounds created by bacteria, fung...Fungi that attack field crops and contaminate agricultural commodities produce mycotoxins when conditions are favorable. These are specialized metabolites made of poisonous chemical compounds created by bacteria, fungi, or plants that aren’t involved in the organism’s usual growth, development, or reproduction. They have an adversarial hold on humans, wildlife, and the agricultural sector, resulting in mysterious ailments and economic disruptions. Mycotoxins-tainted food and fodder can be found all over the world, posing a global concern. Consumption of contaminated food and fodder is a typical cause of epidemic outbreaks. Other mycotoxins have been associated with esophageal cancer and neural tube defects (NTDs);the immunotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) causes diarrhea when combined with trichothecenes, and ochratoxin A (OTA) has been linked to kidney failure. The direct market costs associated with missed trade or lower revenues owing to tainted food or feed could be viewed as the economic repercussions of mycotoxins on human society. This review describes frequent groups of mycotoxins in detail, their impact on global health, their impact on the socio-economy;the methods of detection and prevention of these mycotoxins.展开更多
Mycotoxins,which are secondary metabolites produced by toxicogenic fungi,are natural food toxins that cause acute and chronic adverse reactions in humans and animals.The genus Fusarium is one of three major genera of ...Mycotoxins,which are secondary metabolites produced by toxicogenic fungi,are natural food toxins that cause acute and chronic adverse reactions in humans and animals.The genus Fusarium is one of three major genera of mycotoxin‐producing fungi.Trichothecenes,fumonisins,and zearalenone are the major Fusarium mycotoxins that occur worldwide.Fusarium mycotoxins have the potential to infiltrate the human food chain via contamination during crop production and food processing,eventually threatening human health.The occurrence and development of Fusarium mycotoxin contamination will change with climate change,especially with variations in temperature,precipitation,and carbon dioxide concentration.To address these challenges,researchers have built a series of effective models to forecast the occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins and provide guidance for crop production.Fusarium mycotoxins frequently exist in food products at extremely low levels,thus necessitating the development of highly sensitive and reliable detection techniques.Numerous successful detection methods have been developed to meet the requirements of various situations,and an increasing number of methods are moving toward highthroughput features.Although Fusarium mycotoxins cannot be completely eliminated,numerous agronomic,chemical,physical,and biological methods can lower Fusarium mycotoxin contamination to safe levels during the preharvest and postharvest stages.These theoretical innovations and technological advances have the potential to facilitate the development of comprehensive strategies for effectively managing Fusarium mycotoxin contamination in the future.展开更多
文摘Fungi that attack field crops and contaminate agricultural commodities produce mycotoxins when conditions are favorable. These are specialized metabolites made of poisonous chemical compounds created by bacteria, fungi, or plants that aren’t involved in the organism’s usual growth, development, or reproduction. They have an adversarial hold on humans, wildlife, and the agricultural sector, resulting in mysterious ailments and economic disruptions. Mycotoxins-tainted food and fodder can be found all over the world, posing a global concern. Consumption of contaminated food and fodder is a typical cause of epidemic outbreaks. Other mycotoxins have been associated with esophageal cancer and neural tube defects (NTDs);the immunotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) causes diarrhea when combined with trichothecenes, and ochratoxin A (OTA) has been linked to kidney failure. The direct market costs associated with missed trade or lower revenues owing to tainted food or feed could be viewed as the economic repercussions of mycotoxins on human society. This review describes frequent groups of mycotoxins in detail, their impact on global health, their impact on the socio-economy;the methods of detection and prevention of these mycotoxins.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1901305)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program(CAAS-ZDRW202416).
文摘Mycotoxins,which are secondary metabolites produced by toxicogenic fungi,are natural food toxins that cause acute and chronic adverse reactions in humans and animals.The genus Fusarium is one of three major genera of mycotoxin‐producing fungi.Trichothecenes,fumonisins,and zearalenone are the major Fusarium mycotoxins that occur worldwide.Fusarium mycotoxins have the potential to infiltrate the human food chain via contamination during crop production and food processing,eventually threatening human health.The occurrence and development of Fusarium mycotoxin contamination will change with climate change,especially with variations in temperature,precipitation,and carbon dioxide concentration.To address these challenges,researchers have built a series of effective models to forecast the occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins and provide guidance for crop production.Fusarium mycotoxins frequently exist in food products at extremely low levels,thus necessitating the development of highly sensitive and reliable detection techniques.Numerous successful detection methods have been developed to meet the requirements of various situations,and an increasing number of methods are moving toward highthroughput features.Although Fusarium mycotoxins cannot be completely eliminated,numerous agronomic,chemical,physical,and biological methods can lower Fusarium mycotoxin contamination to safe levels during the preharvest and postharvest stages.These theoretical innovations and technological advances have the potential to facilitate the development of comprehensive strategies for effectively managing Fusarium mycotoxin contamination in the future.
