Multifunctional electrochromic-induced rechargeable aqueous batteries(MERABs) integrate electrochromism and aqueous ion batteries into one platform, which is able to deliver the conversion and storage of photo-thermal...Multifunctional electrochromic-induced rechargeable aqueous batteries(MERABs) integrate electrochromism and aqueous ion batteries into one platform, which is able to deliver the conversion and storage of photo-thermal-electrochemical sources.Aqueous ion batteries compensate for the drawbacks of slow kinetic reactions and unsatisfied storage capacities of electrochromic devices. On the other hand, electrochromic technology can enable dynamically regulation of solar light and heat radiation. However,MERABs still face several technical issues, including a trade-off between electrochromic and electrochemical performance, low conversion efficiency and poor service life. In this connection, novel device configuration and electrode materials, and an optimized compatibility need to be considered for multidisciplinary applications. In this review,the unique advantages, key challenges and advanced applications are elucidated in a timely and comprehensive manner. Firstly, the prerequisites for effective integration of the working mechanism and device configuration, as well as the choice of electrode materials are examined. Secondly, the latest advances in the applications of MERABs are discussed, including wearable, self-powered, integrated systems and multisystem conversion. Finally, perspectives on the current challenges and future development are outlined, highlighting the giant leap required from laboratory prototypes to large-scale production and eventual commercialization.展开更多
An all-solid-state ion-selective electrode(ISE)for the detection of potassium ions in complex media was developed based on functional peptides with both antibacterial and antifouling properties.While exhibiting unique...An all-solid-state ion-selective electrode(ISE)for the detection of potassium ions in complex media was developed based on functional peptides with both antibacterial and antifouling properties.While exhibiting unique antifouling property,the ISE capitalized on the high surface area of the conductive metalorganic framework(MOF)solid transducer layer to facilitate rapid ion-electron transfer,consequently improving the electrode stability.For a short period,the application of a±1 n A current to the ISE resulted in a slight potential drift of 2.5μV/s,while for a long-term stability test,the ISE maintained a stable Nernstian response slope over 8 days.The antifouling and antibacterial peptide effectively eradicated bacteria from the electrode surface while inhibited the adhesion of bacteria and other biological organisms.Both theoretical calculations and experimental results indicated that the incorporation of peptides in the sensing membrane did not compromise the detection performance of the ISE.The prepared antifouling potassium ion-selective electrode exhibited a Nernstian response range spanning from 1.0×10^(–8)mol/L to 1.0×10–3mol/L,with a detection limit of 2.51 nmol/L.Crucially,the prepared solid-contact ISE maintained excellent antifouling and sensing capabilities in actual seawater and human urine,indicating a promising feasibility of this strategy for constructing ISEs suitable for practical application in complex systems.展开更多
The dwell scheduling problem for a multifunctional radar system is led to the formation of corresponding optimiza-tion problem.In order to solve the resulting optimization prob-lem,the dwell scheduling process in a sc...The dwell scheduling problem for a multifunctional radar system is led to the formation of corresponding optimiza-tion problem.In order to solve the resulting optimization prob-lem,the dwell scheduling process in a scheduling interval(SI)is formulated as a Markov decision process(MDP),where the state,action,and reward are specified for this dwell scheduling problem.Specially,the action is defined as scheduling the task on the left side,right side or in the middle of the radar idle time-line,which reduces the action space effectively and accelerates the convergence of the training.Through the above process,a model-free reinforcement learning framework is established.Then,an adaptive dwell scheduling method based on Q-learn-ing is proposed,where the converged Q value table after train-ing is utilized to instruct the scheduling process.Simulation results demonstrate that compared with existing dwell schedul-ing algorithms,the proposed one can achieve better scheduling performance considering the urgency criterion,the importance criterion and the desired execution time criterion comprehen-sively.The average running time shows the proposed algorithm has real-time performance.展开更多
A wearable health monitoring system is a promising device for opening the era of the fourth industrial revolution due to increasing interest in health among modern people.Wearable health monitoring systems were demons...A wearable health monitoring system is a promising device for opening the era of the fourth industrial revolution due to increasing interest in health among modern people.Wearable health monitoring systems were demonstrated by several researchers,but still have critical issues of low performance,inefficient and complex fabrication processes.Here,we present the world’s first wearable multifunctional health monitoring system based on flash-induced porous graphene(FPG).FPG was efficiently synthesized via flash lamp,resulting in a large area in four milliseconds.Moreover,to demonstrate the sensing performance of FPG,a wearable multifunctional health monitoring system was fabricated onto a single substrate.A carbon nanotube-polydimethylsiloxane(CNT-PDMS)nanocomposite electrode was successfully formed on the uneven FPG surface using screen printing.The performance of the FPG-based wearable multifunctional health monitoring system was enhanced by the large surface area of the 3D-porous structure FPG.Finally,the FPG-based wearable multifunctional health monitoring system effectively detected motion,skin temperature,and sweat with a strain GF of 2564.38,a linear thermal response of 0.98Ω℃^(-1) under the skin temperature range,and a low ion detection limit of 10μM.展开更多
The efficient regulation of sunlight to minimize unnecessary energy exchange through windows plays a vital role in advancing building energy efficiency.However,the inferior stability of cerium-doped tungsten trioxide(...The efficient regulation of sunlight to minimize unnecessary energy exchange through windows plays a vital role in advancing building energy efficiency.However,the inferior stability of cerium-doped tungsten trioxide(CWO)as a near-infrared(NIR)shielding material,combined with the poor mechanical properties of its coatings,poses significant challenges for long-term thermal insulation performance.Here,a hierarchical thermal insulation coating with multifunctional integration has been developed.The inner layer’s excellent NIR shielding performance(94.4%)results in a temperature reduction of 13.6°C,demonstrating outstanding thermal insulation.Meanwhile,the external layer composed of polysilsesquioxane grafted by carboxylated hexafluoropropylene trimer offers exceptional weather resistance due to the low surface energy.The fluorosilicone coating effectively mitigates oxidation of CWO,as evidenced by the retention of NIR shielding performance even after 30 days of exposure to 60°C and 90%relative humidity.Furthermore,the coating demonstrates superior anti-graffiti properties and achieves an ultra-high mechanical strength of 0.49 GPa through precise fluorine content modulation.This hierarchical design integrates high hardness,excellent abrasion resistance,anti-graffiti functionality,transparency,and long-term operational durability into a single smart window system,offering a promising solution for reducing building energy consumption.展开更多
Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have emerged as promising photovoltaic technologies owing to their remarkable power conversion efficiency(PCE).However,heat accumulation under continuous illumination remains a critical bot...Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have emerged as promising photovoltaic technologies owing to their remarkable power conversion efficiency(PCE).However,heat accumulation under continuous illumination remains a critical bottleneck,severely affecting device stability and long-term operational performance.Herein,we present a multifunctional strategy by incorporating highly thermally conductive Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X) MXene nanosheets into the perovskite layer to simultaneously enhance thermal management and optoelectronic properties.The Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X) nanosheets,embedded at perovskite grain boundaries,construct efficient thermal conduction pathways,significantly improving the thermal conductivity and diffusivity of the film.This leads to a notable reduction in the device’s steady-state operating temperature from 42.96 to 39.97 under 100 mW cm^(−2) illumination,thereby alleviating heat-induced performance degradation.Beyond thermal regulation,Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X),with high conductivity and negatively charged surface terminations,also serves as an effective defect passivation agent,reducing trap-assisted recombination,while simultaneously facilitating charge extraction and transport by optimizing interfacial energy alignment.As a result,the Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X)-modified PSC achieve a champion PCE of 25.13%and exhibit outstanding thermal stability,retaining 80%of the initial PCE after 500 h of thermal aging at 85 and 30±5%relative humidity.(In contrast,control PSC retain only 58%after 200 h.)Moreover,under continuous maximum power point tracking in N2 atmosphere,Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X)-modified PSC retained 70%of the initial PCE after 500 h,whereas the control PSC drop sharply to 20%.These findings highlight the synergistic role of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X) in thermal management and optoelectronic performance,paving the way for the development of high-efficiency and heat-resistant perovskite photovoltaics.展开更多
Rapid regional population shifts and spatial polarization have heightened pressure on cultivated land—a critical resource demanding urgent attention amid ongoing urban-rural transition.This study selects Jiangsu prov...Rapid regional population shifts and spatial polarization have heightened pressure on cultivated land—a critical resource demanding urgent attention amid ongoing urban-rural transition.This study selects Jiangsu province,a national leader in both economic and agricultural development,as a case area to construct a multidimensional framework for assessing the recessive morphological characteristics of multifunctional cultivated land use.We examine temporal dynamics,spatial heterogeneity,and propose an integrated zoning strategy based on empirical analysis.The results reveal that:(1)The recessive morphology index shows a consistent upward trend,with structural breaks in 2007 and 2013,and a spatial shift from“higher in the east and lower in the west”to“higher in the south and lower in the north.”(2)Coordination among sub-dimensions of the index has steadily improved.(3)The index is expected to continue rising in the next decade,though at a slower pace.(4)To promote coordinated multidimensional land-use development,we recommend a policy framework that reinforces existing strengths,addresses weaknesses,and adapts zoning schemes to current spatial conditions.This research offers new insights into multifunctional cultivated land systems and underscores their role in enhancing human well-being,securing food supply,and supporting sustainable urban-rural integration.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To eliminate ineffective or interfering compounds from the eight absorbed compounds(8ACs),identify the primary ACs that represent the multifunctional therapeutic effects of Zhiqiao(Fructus Aurantii Submaturu...OBJECTIVE:To eliminate ineffective or interfering compounds from the eight absorbed compounds(8ACs),identify the primary ACs that represent the multifunctional therapeutic effects of Zhiqiao(Fructus Aurantii Submaturus)and Houpo(Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis)(FM),along with elucidating their underlying mechanisms.METHODS:Key multifunctional ACs were screened through ex vivo-to-in vitro extrapolation(ex vivo dose=serum concentration)and validated in vivo,with efficacy assessed via contribution(dose=FM content).Functional magnetic resonance imaging analyzed brain regions's blood oxygen level-dependent(BOLD)changes,and the molecular mechanisms were analyzed by transcriptome of the dentate gyrus(DG).RESULTS:The results showed that representative 2ACs(Nobiletin+Magnolol)and 3ACs(Nobiletin+Magnolol+Meranzin hydrate)screened on ex vivo experiment by the criteria of contribution ranking contributed 80.72%-126.74%of the antidepressant and prokinetic effects of the FM(improvement of depressive-like behaviours,gastrointestinal disorder,monoamine neurotransmitters,ghrelin,endocrine hormones,pro-inflammatory factors,oxidative stress indicators).In addition,3ACs demonstrated superiority over 2ACs in improving depression and levels of multiple stress mediators.Zhiqiao(Fructus Aurantii Submaturus)(FRA)reduced acute stress-induced hyperactivation of the cingulate cortex,thalamus,hypothalamus,and entorhinal cortex and elevated BOLD signaling in the insular cortex,temporal association cortex.Furthermore,FRA upregulated pathways of neurotransmitter receptor activity and serotonergic synaptic function and downregulated inflammation-related pathways at the genetic level.CONCLUSION:2ACs and 3ACs closely reflected FM's multifunctional effect in antidepressant and prokinetic.FRA restores stress-impaired neural connectivity in functional brain regions and improves synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis at the genetic level.展开更多
The development of multifunctional electromagnetic wave-absorbing materials is essential for next-generation flexible electronics and intelligent protection systems.Herein,a novel three-dimensional porous MXene-based ...The development of multifunctional electromagnetic wave-absorbing materials is essential for next-generation flexible electronics and intelligent protection systems.Herein,a novel three-dimensional porous MXene-based film integrated with metallic nickel nanoparticles(Ni-PMF)is designed and synthesized with the potential to address the urgent need for multifunctional electromagnetic wave-absorbing materials in next-generation intelligent systems.By using polystyrene spheres as sacrificial templates,a hierarchical porous architecture is constructed to prevent MXene nanosheet restacking,extend electromagnetic wave propagation paths,and optimize impedance matching.Simultaneously,uniformly distributed Ni nanoparticles introduce abundant heterogeneous interfaces,enhancing interfacial polarization and magnetic loss,which significantly improve electromagnetic wave attenuation.The Ni-PMF film achieves a minimum reflection loss of–64.7 d B and a broad effective absorption bandwidth of 7.2 GHz,covering the full Ku-band and outperforming most reported MXene thin film absorbers.In addition to superior electromagnetic wave absorption,the film demonstrates excellent electrothermal conversion and flexible strain-sensing capabilities,enabling integrated protection and real-time sensing functions.This multifunctional material offers promising potential for next-generation smart flexible electronic systems.展开更多
Polymer nanocomposite coatings(PNCCs)are unprecedented generation of coatings engineered for displaying inexpensive and brilliant functional surface coatings with eminent corrosion guard,mechanical resistance,antimicr...Polymer nanocomposite coatings(PNCCs)are unprecedented generation of coatings engineered for displaying inexpensive and brilliant functional surface coatings with eminent corrosion guard,mechanical resistance,antimicrobial,chemical durability,electrical insulation,and UV aging features.Due to their widely anticipation in petroleum,applications in building,conveyance,aerospace,electronics,automobiles and energy,these multi-functional coatings have a tremendous leverage in human life,all technological and scientific subjects.Numerous applications have been made for multilateral polymers like polyurethane(PU),epoxy(EP),polyaniline(PANI)conductive polymer,polypyrrole(PPy),and etc,on various metallic surfaces especially,carbon steel substrate owing to their excellent resistance properties.Practically,nanomaterials can possess potential in the all-interdisciplinary domains of materials science and engineering,chemical and physical sciences,biological and health sciences.As known,the designed polymer nanocomposite coating paradigm is fundamentally constituted from polymer or resin as a vehicle and inorganic nanofillers(nanoparticles and nanocomposites).Some commercialized and excessively employed nanocontainers in polymer nanocomposite coating formulations,like ZnO,TiO_(2),carbon nanotubes(CNTs),clay,SiO_(2),Al_(2)O_(3),graphene,GO,CeO_(2),ZrO_(2),FeTiO_(3),etc were discussed.The current review covered the chemistry and potential applications of the largest utilized multifunctional polymer nanocomposite coatings such as EP,PU and other considerable PNCCs.Lately,a titanic attention was made for epoxy nanocomposites because of their distinct physicochemical characteristics,which result from the combined qualities of the nanoparticles and polymer material unity.In addition,the author incorporated some of his scientific contributions in this area represented in construction of innovative functional polymer nanocomposites for a variety of uses with high economic,industrial impacts and future orientation.Furthermore,some newly published applications of polymer nanocomposite coatings were incorporated and discussed.展开更多
Climate change and forest management are recognized as pivotal factors influencing forest ecosystem services and thus multifunctionality.However,the magnitude and the relative importance of climate change and forest m...Climate change and forest management are recognized as pivotal factors influencing forest ecosystem services and thus multifunctionality.However,the magnitude and the relative importance of climate change and forest management effects on the multifunctionality remain unclear,especially for natural mixed forests.In this study,our objective is to address this gap by utilizing simulations of climate-sensitive transition matrix growth models based on national forest inventory plot data.We evaluated the effects of seven management scenarios(combinations of various cutting methods and intensities)on the future provision of ecosystem services and multifunctionality in mixed conifer-broad-leaved forests in northeastern China,under four climate scenarios(SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,SSP5-8.5,and constant climate).Provisioning,regulating,cultural,and supporting services were described by timber production,carbon storage,carbon sequestration,tree species diversity,deadwood volume,and the number of large living trees.Our findings indicated that timber production was significantly influenced by management scenarios,while tree species diversity,deadwood volume,and large living trees were impacted by both climate and management separately.Carbon storage and sequestration were notably influenced by both management and the interaction of climate and management.These findings emphasized the profound impact of forest management on ecosystem services,outweighing that of climate scenarios alone.We found no single management scenario maximized all six ecosystem service indicators.The upper story thinning by 5%intensity with 5-year interval(UST5)management strategy emerged with the highest multifunctionality,surpassing the lowest values by more than 20%across all climate scenarios.In conclusion,our results underlined the potential of climate-sensitive transition matrix growth models as a decision support tool and provided recommendations for long-term strategies for multifunctional forest management under future climate change context.Ecosystem services and multifunctionality of forests could be enhanced by implementing appropriate management measures amidst a changing climate.展开更多
In order to solve the problems of mining monitor and control systems during the construction process of digital mining combined with network and embedded technologies, the kernel access equipment of a mining monitor a...In order to solve the problems of mining monitor and control systems during the construction process of digital mining combined with network and embedded technologies, the kernel access equipment of a mining monitor and control system was proposed and designed. It is the architecture of a mining embedded network multifunctional substation. This paper presents the design of hardware and software of the substation in detail. Finally, the system’s ef- ficiency was validated through experimentation.展开更多
Herein,a novel Janus-structured multifunctional membrane with integrated electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding and personalized thermal management is fabricated using shear-induced in situ fibrillation and vacuum...Herein,a novel Janus-structured multifunctional membrane with integrated electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding and personalized thermal management is fabricated using shear-induced in situ fibrillation and vacuum-assisted filtration.Interestingly,within the polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)-carbon nanotube(CNT)-Fe_(3)O_(4)layer(FCFe),CNT nanofibers interweave with PTFE fibers to form a stable“silk-like”structure that effectively captures Fe_(3)O_(4)particles.By incorporating a highly conductive MXene layer,the FCFe/MXene(FCFe/M)membrane exhibits excellent electrical/thermal conductivity,mechanical properties,and flame retardancy.Impressively,benefiting from the rational regulation of component proportions and the design of a Janus structure,the FCFe/M membrane with a thickness of only 84.9μm delivers outstanding EMI shielding effectiveness of 44.56 dB in the X-band,with a normalized specific SE reaching 10,421.3 dB cm^(2)g^(-1),which is attributed to the“absorption-reflection-reabsorption”mechanism.Furthermore,the membrane demonstrates low-voltage-driven Joule heating and fast-response photothermal performance.Under the stimulation of a 3 V voltage and an optical power density of 320 mW cm^(-2),the surface temperatures of the FCFe/M membranes can reach up to 140.4 and 145.7℃,respectively.In brief,the FCFe/M membrane with anti-electromagnetic radiation and temperature regulation is an attractive candidate for the next generation of wearable electronics,EMI compatibility,visual heating,thermotherapy,and military and aerospace applications.展开更多
Separator modification is an effective approach to suppress dendrite growth to realize high-energy sodium metal batteries(SMBs)in practical applications,however,its success is mainly subject to surface modification.He...Separator modification is an effective approach to suppress dendrite growth to realize high-energy sodium metal batteries(SMBs)in practical applications,however,its success is mainly subject to surface modification.Herein,a separator with multifunctional layers composed of N-doped mesoporous hollow carbon spheres(HCS)as the inner layer and sodium fluoride(NaF)as the outer layer on commercial polypropylene separator(PP)is proposed(PP@HCS-NaF)to achieve stable cycling in SMB.At the molecular level,the inner HCS layer with a high content of pyrrolic-N induces the uniform Na^(+)flux as a potential Na^(+)redistributor for homogenous deposition,whereas its hollow mesoporous structure offers nanoporous buffers and ion channels to regulate Na^(+)ion distribution and uniform deposition.The outer layer(NaF)constructs the NaF-enriched robust solid electrolyte interphase layer,significantly lowering the Na^(+)ions diffusion barrier.Benefiting from these merits,higher electrochemical performances are achieved with multifunctional double-layered PP@HCS-NaF separators compared with single-layered separators(i.e.PP@HCS or PP@NaF)in SMBs.The Na‖Cu half-cell with PP@HCS-NaF offers stable cycling(280 cycles)with a high CE(99.6%),and Na‖Na symmetric cells demonstrate extended lifespans for over 6000 h at 1 mA cm^(-2)with a progressively stable overpotential of 9 mV.Remarkably,in Na‖NVP full-cells,the PP@HCS-NaF separator grants a stable capacity of~81 mA h g^(-1)after 3500 cycles at 1 C and an impressive rate capability performance(~70 mA h g^(-1)at 15 C).展开更多
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have garnered extensive attention as the promising energy storage technology owing to their high safety,cost-effectiveness,and environmental friendliness.Nevertheless,their practical a...Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have garnered extensive attention as the promising energy storage technology owing to their high safety,cost-effectiveness,and environmental friendliness.Nevertheless,their practical application is hindered by critical challenges,including Hydrogen evolution reactions(HER)and non-uniform Zn deposition,which compromise electrochemical performance and cycling stability.Herein,we propose a multifunctional hybrid electrolyte additive consisting of vanillin and Dimethyl sulfoxide,designed to weaken the interaction between Zn^(2+)and H_(2)O molecules,effectively modulating the solvation shell structure.In situ optical microscopy shows the hybrid additive significantly suppresses HER and promotes Zn^(2+)deposition on the(002)plane,inhibiting dendritic growth.The Zn||Zn symmetric cells with hybrid additive exhibit exceptional cycling stability,achieving over 4000 h at 1.0 mA cm^(-2)/1.0 m A h cm^(-2).The research on hybrid additives presents significant potential for exploration,offering a promising approach to the development of durable AZIBs.展开更多
Sodium-ion-based electrochromic device(SECD)has been identified as an appealing cost-effective alternative of lithium-based counterparts,only if it can address the challenges in association with the inadequate electro...Sodium-ion-based electrochromic device(SECD)has been identified as an appealing cost-effective alternative of lithium-based counterparts,only if it can address the challenges in association with the inadequate electrochromic performance.In this regard,the quantized strategy is a particularly promising approach owing to the large surface-to-volume ratio and high reaction activity.However,quantum dots inevitably suffer from volume changes and undesired aggregation during electrochemical cycling.Herein,bioinspired from the robust connection of alveoli in lung,we propose a stable electrode,where WO_(3) quantum dots(WQDs)are robustly anchored on Ti_(3)C_(2) MXene through the strong chemical bonds of W-O-Ti.Theoretical results reveal the fundamental mechanism of the volume changes within WQDs and the dynamic diffusion process of sodium ions.The WQD@MXene electrodes exhibit a nearly twofold enhancement in cycling performance(1000 vs 500 cycles),coloration speed(3.2 vs 6.0 s),and areal capacity(87.5 vs 43.9 mAhm^(-2) at 0.1 mA cm^(-2)),compared to those of the pristine WQD electrode.As a proof-of-concept demonstration,a smart house system integrated with SECDs demonstrates a“3-in-1”device,enabling a combination of energy-saving,energy storage,and display functionalities.The present work significantly advances the versatile applications of cost-effective electrochromic electronics in interdisciplinary.展开更多
The traditional inflexible electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials have poor adaptability to wearable and portable flexible electronic devices due to their shortcomings such as brittleness and difficulty ...The traditional inflexible electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials have poor adaptability to wearable and portable flexible electronic devices due to their shortcomings such as brittleness and difficulty in machinability.As an optimized alternative,the conductive polymer composites(CPCs)constructed by integrating MXene and polymer have become one of the most promising EMI shielding materials.To cope with the more harsh application conditions,the processing-structure-property relationship of MXene/polymer EMI shielding composites urgently needs to be clarified.In this review,the EMI shielding mechanism and theory of CPCs are first outlined.Then,the recent advances in processing strategies for MXene/polymer EMI shielding composites with different structures are comprehensively summarized,including layered structure,segregated structure,and porous structure.Next,the multifunctionality of MXene/polymer EMI shielding composites in hydrophobicity,flame retardancy,thermal conductivity,infrared thermal camouflage,electrothermal conversion,photothermal conversion,and sensing function,is systematically introduced.Finally,the prospects and challenges for the future development and application of multifunctional MXene/polymer EMI shielding composites are discussed.This review aims to put forward effective guidance for fabricating intelligent,adaptable,and integrated MXene/polymer EMI shielding composites,thus promoting the upgrading of advanced MXene-based CPCs.展开更多
To facilitate real-time monitoring and recording of humidity in the environment and to satisfy the requirement for strain performance in certain applications(such as wearable devices),this paper proposes an in-situ me...To facilitate real-time monitoring and recording of humidity in the environment and to satisfy the requirement for strain performance in certain applications(such as wearable devices),this paper proposes an in-situ method for synthesising Au nanoparticles on ZIF-67.In this study,an Au@ZIF-67 composite humidity-sensitive material was combined with flexible polyethylene terephthalate interdigitated electrodes to create an Au@ZIF-67 flexible humidity sensor.The prepared samples were characterised using X-ray diffraction,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and transmission electron microscopy.The humidity-sensitive properties of the sensor were investigated,and its monitoring capabilities in applications involving respiration,gestures,skin,and baby diapers were tested.The experimental results indicate that compared with a pure ZIF-67 humidity sensor,the Au@ZIF-67(0.1Au@Z)flexible humidity sensor exhibits a 158.07%decrease in baseline resistance and a 51.66%increase in sensitivity to 95%relative humidity,and the hysteresis,response time,and recovery time are significantly reduced.Furthermore,the sensor exhibits excellent characteristics such as high resolution,repeatability,and stability.The obtained results regarding the material properties,humidity sensitivity,and practical application of non-contact humidity monitoring demonstrate that the prepared sensors exhibit excellent and comprehensive performance,indicating their broad prospects in wearable medical devices,wireless Internet of Things,humidity detection in complex environments,and intelligent integrated systems.展开更多
Position sensitive device(PSD)sensor is a vital optical element that is mainly used in tracking systems for visible light communication(VLC).Recently,a new reconfigurable PSD architecture emerged.The proposed architec...Position sensitive device(PSD)sensor is a vital optical element that is mainly used in tracking systems for visible light communication(VLC).Recently,a new reconfigurable PSD architecture emerged.The proposed architecture makes the PSD perform more functions by modifying its architecture.As the PSD is mainly formed of an array of photodiodes.The primary concept involves employing transistors to alternate between the operating modes of the photodiodes(photoconductive and photovoltaic).Additionally,alternating among output pins can be done based on the required function.This paper presents the mathematical modeling and simulation of a reconfigurable-multifunctional optical sensor which can perform energy harvesting and data acquisition,as well as positioning,which is not available in the traditional PSDs.Simulation using the MATLAB software tool was achieved to demonstrate the modeling.The simulation results confirmed the validity of the mathematical modeling and proved that the modified sensor architecture,as depicted by the equations,accurately describes its behavior.The proposed sensor is expected to extend the battery's lifecycle,reduce its physical size,and increase the integration and functionality of the system.The presented sensor might be used in free space optical(FSO)communication like cube satellites or even in underwater wireless optical communication(UWOC).展开更多
In order to solve the problem of poor electrical conductivity of conventional magnesium alloy MAO coatings and to further enhance the multifunctionality of magnesium alloy coatings,this study examines the enhancement ...In order to solve the problem of poor electrical conductivity of conventional magnesium alloy MAO coatings and to further enhance the multifunctionality of magnesium alloy coatings,this study examines the enhancement of EW75 through the development of composite coatings designed to improve its corrosion resistance,electrical conductivity,hydrophobicity,and antibacterial properties.MAO was employed as a base treatment,followed by application of organic composite coatings containing conductive graphite powder,silver-copper alloy powder,or a combination of both.Coatings were comprehensively characterized to evaluate their microstructure,corrosion resistance,electrical conductivity,hydrophobicity,and mold resistance.Results indicated that composite coatings significantly enhanced corrosion resistance compared to pure MAO coatings,with MAO-AgCu composite coating exhibiting the best performance.Furthermore,coatings demonstrated improved electrical conductivity,with MAO-AgCu coating displaying the lowest surface resistivity.Hydrophobicity was significantly improved in MAO-C-AgCu coating,and all coatings exhibited robust antibacterial effects,particularly against mold growth.This study enhances magnesium alloys’functionality,with potential applications in corrosion protection,electrical properties,and antimicrobial resistance.展开更多
基金support by Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (No. 2019-01-07-00-09E00020), for research conducted at the Shanghai Universitysupport by Independent depolyment project of Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences (E260GC0401)support by the Singapore National Research Foundation (NRF-CRP26-2021-0003, NRF), for research conducted at the National University of Singapore。
文摘Multifunctional electrochromic-induced rechargeable aqueous batteries(MERABs) integrate electrochromism and aqueous ion batteries into one platform, which is able to deliver the conversion and storage of photo-thermal-electrochemical sources.Aqueous ion batteries compensate for the drawbacks of slow kinetic reactions and unsatisfied storage capacities of electrochromic devices. On the other hand, electrochromic technology can enable dynamically regulation of solar light and heat radiation. However,MERABs still face several technical issues, including a trade-off between electrochromic and electrochemical performance, low conversion efficiency and poor service life. In this connection, novel device configuration and electrode materials, and an optimized compatibility need to be considered for multidisciplinary applications. In this review,the unique advantages, key challenges and advanced applications are elucidated in a timely and comprehensive manner. Firstly, the prerequisites for effective integration of the working mechanism and device configuration, as well as the choice of electrode materials are examined. Secondly, the latest advances in the applications of MERABs are discussed, including wearable, self-powered, integrated systems and multisystem conversion. Finally, perspectives on the current challenges and future development are outlined, highlighting the giant leap required from laboratory prototypes to large-scale production and eventual commercialization.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22174082,22374085)the Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province(No.2021ZDSYS30)Qingdao Postdoctoral Innovation Project Funding(No.QDBSH20220201038)。
文摘An all-solid-state ion-selective electrode(ISE)for the detection of potassium ions in complex media was developed based on functional peptides with both antibacterial and antifouling properties.While exhibiting unique antifouling property,the ISE capitalized on the high surface area of the conductive metalorganic framework(MOF)solid transducer layer to facilitate rapid ion-electron transfer,consequently improving the electrode stability.For a short period,the application of a±1 n A current to the ISE resulted in a slight potential drift of 2.5μV/s,while for a long-term stability test,the ISE maintained a stable Nernstian response slope over 8 days.The antifouling and antibacterial peptide effectively eradicated bacteria from the electrode surface while inhibited the adhesion of bacteria and other biological organisms.Both theoretical calculations and experimental results indicated that the incorporation of peptides in the sensing membrane did not compromise the detection performance of the ISE.The prepared antifouling potassium ion-selective electrode exhibited a Nernstian response range spanning from 1.0×10^(–8)mol/L to 1.0×10–3mol/L,with a detection limit of 2.51 nmol/L.Crucially,the prepared solid-contact ISE maintained excellent antifouling and sensing capabilities in actual seawater and human urine,indicating a promising feasibility of this strategy for constructing ISEs suitable for practical application in complex systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(6177109562031007).
文摘The dwell scheduling problem for a multifunctional radar system is led to the formation of corresponding optimiza-tion problem.In order to solve the resulting optimization prob-lem,the dwell scheduling process in a scheduling interval(SI)is formulated as a Markov decision process(MDP),where the state,action,and reward are specified for this dwell scheduling problem.Specially,the action is defined as scheduling the task on the left side,right side or in the middle of the radar idle time-line,which reduces the action space effectively and accelerates the convergence of the training.Through the above process,a model-free reinforcement learning framework is established.Then,an adaptive dwell scheduling method based on Q-learn-ing is proposed,where the converged Q value table after train-ing is utilized to instruct the scheduling process.Simulation results demonstrate that compared with existing dwell schedul-ing algorithms,the proposed one can achieve better scheduling performance considering the urgency criterion,the importance criterion and the desired execution time criterion comprehen-sively.The average running time shows the proposed algorithm has real-time performance.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grants funded by the Ministry of Science,ICT and Future Planning(MSIT)(RS-2024-00408989,RS-2023-00278906,and RS-2023-00217661)the Center for Universitywide Research Facilities(CURF)at Jeonbuk National University for High-Resolution In Vivo Micro-Computed Tomography(Skyscan 1276,BRUKER).
文摘A wearable health monitoring system is a promising device for opening the era of the fourth industrial revolution due to increasing interest in health among modern people.Wearable health monitoring systems were demonstrated by several researchers,but still have critical issues of low performance,inefficient and complex fabrication processes.Here,we present the world’s first wearable multifunctional health monitoring system based on flash-induced porous graphene(FPG).FPG was efficiently synthesized via flash lamp,resulting in a large area in four milliseconds.Moreover,to demonstrate the sensing performance of FPG,a wearable multifunctional health monitoring system was fabricated onto a single substrate.A carbon nanotube-polydimethylsiloxane(CNT-PDMS)nanocomposite electrode was successfully formed on the uneven FPG surface using screen printing.The performance of the FPG-based wearable multifunctional health monitoring system was enhanced by the large surface area of the 3D-porous structure FPG.Finally,the FPG-based wearable multifunctional health monitoring system effectively detected motion,skin temperature,and sweat with a strain GF of 2564.38,a linear thermal response of 0.98Ω℃^(-1) under the skin temperature range,and a low ion detection limit of 10μM.
基金financially supported by Shandong Province Postdoctoral Innovation Project(No.SDCX-ZG-202302017)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Nos.ZR2022QB045,ZR2024QB019 and ZR2025QC564).
文摘The efficient regulation of sunlight to minimize unnecessary energy exchange through windows plays a vital role in advancing building energy efficiency.However,the inferior stability of cerium-doped tungsten trioxide(CWO)as a near-infrared(NIR)shielding material,combined with the poor mechanical properties of its coatings,poses significant challenges for long-term thermal insulation performance.Here,a hierarchical thermal insulation coating with multifunctional integration has been developed.The inner layer’s excellent NIR shielding performance(94.4%)results in a temperature reduction of 13.6°C,demonstrating outstanding thermal insulation.Meanwhile,the external layer composed of polysilsesquioxane grafted by carboxylated hexafluoropropylene trimer offers exceptional weather resistance due to the low surface energy.The fluorosilicone coating effectively mitigates oxidation of CWO,as evidenced by the retention of NIR shielding performance even after 30 days of exposure to 60°C and 90%relative humidity.Furthermore,the coating demonstrates superior anti-graffiti properties and achieves an ultra-high mechanical strength of 0.49 GPa through precise fluorine content modulation.This hierarchical design integrates high hardness,excellent abrasion resistance,anti-graffiti functionality,transparency,and long-term operational durability into a single smart window system,offering a promising solution for reducing building energy consumption.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62374029,22175029,62474033,and W2433038)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(No.YESS20220550)+2 种基金the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2024NSFSC0250)the Natural Science Foundation of Shenzhen Innovation Committee(JCYJ20210324135614040)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.ZYGX2022J032).
文摘Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have emerged as promising photovoltaic technologies owing to their remarkable power conversion efficiency(PCE).However,heat accumulation under continuous illumination remains a critical bottleneck,severely affecting device stability and long-term operational performance.Herein,we present a multifunctional strategy by incorporating highly thermally conductive Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X) MXene nanosheets into the perovskite layer to simultaneously enhance thermal management and optoelectronic properties.The Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X) nanosheets,embedded at perovskite grain boundaries,construct efficient thermal conduction pathways,significantly improving the thermal conductivity and diffusivity of the film.This leads to a notable reduction in the device’s steady-state operating temperature from 42.96 to 39.97 under 100 mW cm^(−2) illumination,thereby alleviating heat-induced performance degradation.Beyond thermal regulation,Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X),with high conductivity and negatively charged surface terminations,also serves as an effective defect passivation agent,reducing trap-assisted recombination,while simultaneously facilitating charge extraction and transport by optimizing interfacial energy alignment.As a result,the Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X)-modified PSC achieve a champion PCE of 25.13%and exhibit outstanding thermal stability,retaining 80%of the initial PCE after 500 h of thermal aging at 85 and 30±5%relative humidity.(In contrast,control PSC retain only 58%after 200 h.)Moreover,under continuous maximum power point tracking in N2 atmosphere,Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X)-modified PSC retained 70%of the initial PCE after 500 h,whereas the control PSC drop sharply to 20%.These findings highlight the synergistic role of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X) in thermal management and optoelectronic performance,paving the way for the development of high-efficiency and heat-resistant perovskite photovoltaics.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42101252。
文摘Rapid regional population shifts and spatial polarization have heightened pressure on cultivated land—a critical resource demanding urgent attention amid ongoing urban-rural transition.This study selects Jiangsu province,a national leader in both economic and agricultural development,as a case area to construct a multidimensional framework for assessing the recessive morphological characteristics of multifunctional cultivated land use.We examine temporal dynamics,spatial heterogeneity,and propose an integrated zoning strategy based on empirical analysis.The results reveal that:(1)The recessive morphology index shows a consistent upward trend,with structural breaks in 2007 and 2013,and a spatial shift from“higher in the east and lower in the west”to“higher in the south and lower in the north.”(2)Coordination among sub-dimensions of the index has steadily improved.(3)The index is expected to continue rising in the next decade,though at a slower pace.(4)To promote coordinated multidimensional land-use development,we recommend a policy framework that reinforces existing strengths,addresses weaknesses,and adapts zoning schemes to current spatial conditions.This research offers new insights into multifunctional cultivated land systems and underscores their role in enhancing human well-being,securing food supply,and supporting sustainable urban-rural integration.
基金Supported by the Jiangsu Province’s Colleges and Universities(Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine)the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Methanism on Molecular and Hippocampus-Thalamus Neurocircuitry of Rapid Prokinetic and Antidepressant by Shugan Following Acute Stress(81973589)]The Relationship Between Stress,Ghrelin Signaling,Liver-Soothing and Antidepressant Prokinetic Mechanisms(81573797)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To eliminate ineffective or interfering compounds from the eight absorbed compounds(8ACs),identify the primary ACs that represent the multifunctional therapeutic effects of Zhiqiao(Fructus Aurantii Submaturus)and Houpo(Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis)(FM),along with elucidating their underlying mechanisms.METHODS:Key multifunctional ACs were screened through ex vivo-to-in vitro extrapolation(ex vivo dose=serum concentration)and validated in vivo,with efficacy assessed via contribution(dose=FM content).Functional magnetic resonance imaging analyzed brain regions's blood oxygen level-dependent(BOLD)changes,and the molecular mechanisms were analyzed by transcriptome of the dentate gyrus(DG).RESULTS:The results showed that representative 2ACs(Nobiletin+Magnolol)and 3ACs(Nobiletin+Magnolol+Meranzin hydrate)screened on ex vivo experiment by the criteria of contribution ranking contributed 80.72%-126.74%of the antidepressant and prokinetic effects of the FM(improvement of depressive-like behaviours,gastrointestinal disorder,monoamine neurotransmitters,ghrelin,endocrine hormones,pro-inflammatory factors,oxidative stress indicators).In addition,3ACs demonstrated superiority over 2ACs in improving depression and levels of multiple stress mediators.Zhiqiao(Fructus Aurantii Submaturus)(FRA)reduced acute stress-induced hyperactivation of the cingulate cortex,thalamus,hypothalamus,and entorhinal cortex and elevated BOLD signaling in the insular cortex,temporal association cortex.Furthermore,FRA upregulated pathways of neurotransmitter receptor activity and serotonergic synaptic function and downregulated inflammation-related pathways at the genetic level.CONCLUSION:2ACs and 3ACs closely reflected FM's multifunctional effect in antidepressant and prokinetic.FRA restores stress-impaired neural connectivity in functional brain regions and improves synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis at the genetic level.
基金financially supported by the NNSF of China(Grant Nos.12074095,12374392,and 52403351)the Joint Guidance Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(LH2023A012)。
文摘The development of multifunctional electromagnetic wave-absorbing materials is essential for next-generation flexible electronics and intelligent protection systems.Herein,a novel three-dimensional porous MXene-based film integrated with metallic nickel nanoparticles(Ni-PMF)is designed and synthesized with the potential to address the urgent need for multifunctional electromagnetic wave-absorbing materials in next-generation intelligent systems.By using polystyrene spheres as sacrificial templates,a hierarchical porous architecture is constructed to prevent MXene nanosheet restacking,extend electromagnetic wave propagation paths,and optimize impedance matching.Simultaneously,uniformly distributed Ni nanoparticles introduce abundant heterogeneous interfaces,enhancing interfacial polarization and magnetic loss,which significantly improve electromagnetic wave attenuation.The Ni-PMF film achieves a minimum reflection loss of–64.7 d B and a broad effective absorption bandwidth of 7.2 GHz,covering the full Ku-band and outperforming most reported MXene thin film absorbers.In addition to superior electromagnetic wave absorption,the film demonstrates excellent electrothermal conversion and flexible strain-sensing capabilities,enabling integrated protection and real-time sensing functions.This multifunctional material offers promising potential for next-generation smart flexible electronic systems.
文摘Polymer nanocomposite coatings(PNCCs)are unprecedented generation of coatings engineered for displaying inexpensive and brilliant functional surface coatings with eminent corrosion guard,mechanical resistance,antimicrobial,chemical durability,electrical insulation,and UV aging features.Due to their widely anticipation in petroleum,applications in building,conveyance,aerospace,electronics,automobiles and energy,these multi-functional coatings have a tremendous leverage in human life,all technological and scientific subjects.Numerous applications have been made for multilateral polymers like polyurethane(PU),epoxy(EP),polyaniline(PANI)conductive polymer,polypyrrole(PPy),and etc,on various metallic surfaces especially,carbon steel substrate owing to their excellent resistance properties.Practically,nanomaterials can possess potential in the all-interdisciplinary domains of materials science and engineering,chemical and physical sciences,biological and health sciences.As known,the designed polymer nanocomposite coating paradigm is fundamentally constituted from polymer or resin as a vehicle and inorganic nanofillers(nanoparticles and nanocomposites).Some commercialized and excessively employed nanocontainers in polymer nanocomposite coating formulations,like ZnO,TiO_(2),carbon nanotubes(CNTs),clay,SiO_(2),Al_(2)O_(3),graphene,GO,CeO_(2),ZrO_(2),FeTiO_(3),etc were discussed.The current review covered the chemistry and potential applications of the largest utilized multifunctional polymer nanocomposite coatings such as EP,PU and other considerable PNCCs.Lately,a titanic attention was made for epoxy nanocomposites because of their distinct physicochemical characteristics,which result from the combined qualities of the nanoparticles and polymer material unity.In addition,the author incorporated some of his scientific contributions in this area represented in construction of innovative functional polymer nanocomposites for a variety of uses with high economic,industrial impacts and future orientation.Furthermore,some newly published applications of polymer nanocomposite coatings were incorporated and discussed.
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFD2200500)the Forestry Public Welfare Scientific Research Project(Grant No.201504303)。
文摘Climate change and forest management are recognized as pivotal factors influencing forest ecosystem services and thus multifunctionality.However,the magnitude and the relative importance of climate change and forest management effects on the multifunctionality remain unclear,especially for natural mixed forests.In this study,our objective is to address this gap by utilizing simulations of climate-sensitive transition matrix growth models based on national forest inventory plot data.We evaluated the effects of seven management scenarios(combinations of various cutting methods and intensities)on the future provision of ecosystem services and multifunctionality in mixed conifer-broad-leaved forests in northeastern China,under four climate scenarios(SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,SSP5-8.5,and constant climate).Provisioning,regulating,cultural,and supporting services were described by timber production,carbon storage,carbon sequestration,tree species diversity,deadwood volume,and the number of large living trees.Our findings indicated that timber production was significantly influenced by management scenarios,while tree species diversity,deadwood volume,and large living trees were impacted by both climate and management separately.Carbon storage and sequestration were notably influenced by both management and the interaction of climate and management.These findings emphasized the profound impact of forest management on ecosystem services,outweighing that of climate scenarios alone.We found no single management scenario maximized all six ecosystem service indicators.The upper story thinning by 5%intensity with 5-year interval(UST5)management strategy emerged with the highest multifunctionality,surpassing the lowest values by more than 20%across all climate scenarios.In conclusion,our results underlined the potential of climate-sensitive transition matrix growth models as a decision support tool and provided recommendations for long-term strategies for multifunctional forest management under future climate change context.Ecosystem services and multifunctionality of forests could be enhanced by implementing appropriate management measures amidst a changing climate.
文摘In order to solve the problems of mining monitor and control systems during the construction process of digital mining combined with network and embedded technologies, the kernel access equipment of a mining monitor and control system was proposed and designed. It is the architecture of a mining embedded network multifunctional substation. This paper presents the design of hardware and software of the substation in detail. Finally, the system’s ef- ficiency was validated through experimentation.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Grant No.52175341)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.ZR2022JQ24)Funding Project of Jinan City’s New Twenty Items for Colleges and Universities(Grant No.202333038).
文摘Herein,a novel Janus-structured multifunctional membrane with integrated electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding and personalized thermal management is fabricated using shear-induced in situ fibrillation and vacuum-assisted filtration.Interestingly,within the polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)-carbon nanotube(CNT)-Fe_(3)O_(4)layer(FCFe),CNT nanofibers interweave with PTFE fibers to form a stable“silk-like”structure that effectively captures Fe_(3)O_(4)particles.By incorporating a highly conductive MXene layer,the FCFe/MXene(FCFe/M)membrane exhibits excellent electrical/thermal conductivity,mechanical properties,and flame retardancy.Impressively,benefiting from the rational regulation of component proportions and the design of a Janus structure,the FCFe/M membrane with a thickness of only 84.9μm delivers outstanding EMI shielding effectiveness of 44.56 dB in the X-band,with a normalized specific SE reaching 10,421.3 dB cm^(2)g^(-1),which is attributed to the“absorption-reflection-reabsorption”mechanism.Furthermore,the membrane demonstrates low-voltage-driven Joule heating and fast-response photothermal performance.Under the stimulation of a 3 V voltage and an optical power density of 320 mW cm^(-2),the surface temperatures of the FCFe/M membranes can reach up to 140.4 and 145.7℃,respectively.In brief,the FCFe/M membrane with anti-electromagnetic radiation and temperature regulation is an attractive candidate for the next generation of wearable electronics,EMI compatibility,visual heating,thermotherapy,and military and aerospace applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Number 22350410379)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LZ23B030003)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(226-202400075)Ten Thousand Talent Program of Zhejiang Province.
文摘Separator modification is an effective approach to suppress dendrite growth to realize high-energy sodium metal batteries(SMBs)in practical applications,however,its success is mainly subject to surface modification.Herein,a separator with multifunctional layers composed of N-doped mesoporous hollow carbon spheres(HCS)as the inner layer and sodium fluoride(NaF)as the outer layer on commercial polypropylene separator(PP)is proposed(PP@HCS-NaF)to achieve stable cycling in SMB.At the molecular level,the inner HCS layer with a high content of pyrrolic-N induces the uniform Na^(+)flux as a potential Na^(+)redistributor for homogenous deposition,whereas its hollow mesoporous structure offers nanoporous buffers and ion channels to regulate Na^(+)ion distribution and uniform deposition.The outer layer(NaF)constructs the NaF-enriched robust solid electrolyte interphase layer,significantly lowering the Na^(+)ions diffusion barrier.Benefiting from these merits,higher electrochemical performances are achieved with multifunctional double-layered PP@HCS-NaF separators compared with single-layered separators(i.e.PP@HCS or PP@NaF)in SMBs.The Na‖Cu half-cell with PP@HCS-NaF offers stable cycling(280 cycles)with a high CE(99.6%),and Na‖Na symmetric cells demonstrate extended lifespans for over 6000 h at 1 mA cm^(-2)with a progressively stable overpotential of 9 mV.Remarkably,in Na‖NVP full-cells,the PP@HCS-NaF separator grants a stable capacity of~81 mA h g^(-1)after 3500 cycles at 1 C and an impressive rate capability performance(~70 mA h g^(-1)at 15 C).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52402247)the Innovative Funds Plan of Henan University of Technology(2020ZKCJ07)+1 种基金the Cultivation Project of Tuoxin Team in Henan University of Technology(2024TXTD14)the Doctoral Fund of Henan University of Technology(31401577)。
文摘Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have garnered extensive attention as the promising energy storage technology owing to their high safety,cost-effectiveness,and environmental friendliness.Nevertheless,their practical application is hindered by critical challenges,including Hydrogen evolution reactions(HER)and non-uniform Zn deposition,which compromise electrochemical performance and cycling stability.Herein,we propose a multifunctional hybrid electrolyte additive consisting of vanillin and Dimethyl sulfoxide,designed to weaken the interaction between Zn^(2+)and H_(2)O molecules,effectively modulating the solvation shell structure.In situ optical microscopy shows the hybrid additive significantly suppresses HER and promotes Zn^(2+)deposition on the(002)plane,inhibiting dendritic growth.The Zn||Zn symmetric cells with hybrid additive exhibit exceptional cycling stability,achieving over 4000 h at 1.0 mA cm^(-2)/1.0 m A h cm^(-2).The research on hybrid additives presents significant potential for exploration,offering a promising approach to the development of durable AZIBs.
基金supported by the Singapore National Research Foundation(NRFCRP26-2021-0003,NRF),for research conducted at the National University of Singaporethe support by the ARTIC(ADT-RP2-Low Loss and Tunable Ferroelectrics for Sub-6G Applications).
文摘Sodium-ion-based electrochromic device(SECD)has been identified as an appealing cost-effective alternative of lithium-based counterparts,only if it can address the challenges in association with the inadequate electrochromic performance.In this regard,the quantized strategy is a particularly promising approach owing to the large surface-to-volume ratio and high reaction activity.However,quantum dots inevitably suffer from volume changes and undesired aggregation during electrochemical cycling.Herein,bioinspired from the robust connection of alveoli in lung,we propose a stable electrode,where WO_(3) quantum dots(WQDs)are robustly anchored on Ti_(3)C_(2) MXene through the strong chemical bonds of W-O-Ti.Theoretical results reveal the fundamental mechanism of the volume changes within WQDs and the dynamic diffusion process of sodium ions.The WQD@MXene electrodes exhibit a nearly twofold enhancement in cycling performance(1000 vs 500 cycles),coloration speed(3.2 vs 6.0 s),and areal capacity(87.5 vs 43.9 mAhm^(-2) at 0.1 mA cm^(-2)),compared to those of the pristine WQD electrode.As a proof-of-concept demonstration,a smart house system integrated with SECDs demonstrates a“3-in-1”device,enabling a combination of energy-saving,energy storage,and display functionalities.The present work significantly advances the versatile applications of cost-effective electrochromic electronics in interdisciplinary.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52436003)the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou(No.2024A04J3710).
文摘The traditional inflexible electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials have poor adaptability to wearable and portable flexible electronic devices due to their shortcomings such as brittleness and difficulty in machinability.As an optimized alternative,the conductive polymer composites(CPCs)constructed by integrating MXene and polymer have become one of the most promising EMI shielding materials.To cope with the more harsh application conditions,the processing-structure-property relationship of MXene/polymer EMI shielding composites urgently needs to be clarified.In this review,the EMI shielding mechanism and theory of CPCs are first outlined.Then,the recent advances in processing strategies for MXene/polymer EMI shielding composites with different structures are comprehensively summarized,including layered structure,segregated structure,and porous structure.Next,the multifunctionality of MXene/polymer EMI shielding composites in hydrophobicity,flame retardancy,thermal conductivity,infrared thermal camouflage,electrothermal conversion,photothermal conversion,and sensing function,is systematically introduced.Finally,the prospects and challenges for the future development and application of multifunctional MXene/polymer EMI shielding composites are discussed.This review aims to put forward effective guidance for fabricating intelligent,adaptable,and integrated MXene/polymer EMI shielding composites,thus promoting the upgrading of advanced MXene-based CPCs.
基金supported by the Natural Science Project of Zhengzhou Science and Technology Bureau(No.21ZZXTCX12)the Key Research and Development Program of Henan Province(No.221111220300)+1 种基金the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62333013)the Youth Backbone Teacher Training Program of Henan University of Technology(No.21420154).
文摘To facilitate real-time monitoring and recording of humidity in the environment and to satisfy the requirement for strain performance in certain applications(such as wearable devices),this paper proposes an in-situ method for synthesising Au nanoparticles on ZIF-67.In this study,an Au@ZIF-67 composite humidity-sensitive material was combined with flexible polyethylene terephthalate interdigitated electrodes to create an Au@ZIF-67 flexible humidity sensor.The prepared samples were characterised using X-ray diffraction,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and transmission electron microscopy.The humidity-sensitive properties of the sensor were investigated,and its monitoring capabilities in applications involving respiration,gestures,skin,and baby diapers were tested.The experimental results indicate that compared with a pure ZIF-67 humidity sensor,the Au@ZIF-67(0.1Au@Z)flexible humidity sensor exhibits a 158.07%decrease in baseline resistance and a 51.66%increase in sensitivity to 95%relative humidity,and the hysteresis,response time,and recovery time are significantly reduced.Furthermore,the sensor exhibits excellent characteristics such as high resolution,repeatability,and stability.The obtained results regarding the material properties,humidity sensitivity,and practical application of non-contact humidity monitoring demonstrate that the prepared sensors exhibit excellent and comprehensive performance,indicating their broad prospects in wearable medical devices,wireless Internet of Things,humidity detection in complex environments,and intelligent integrated systems.
文摘Position sensitive device(PSD)sensor is a vital optical element that is mainly used in tracking systems for visible light communication(VLC).Recently,a new reconfigurable PSD architecture emerged.The proposed architecture makes the PSD perform more functions by modifying its architecture.As the PSD is mainly formed of an array of photodiodes.The primary concept involves employing transistors to alternate between the operating modes of the photodiodes(photoconductive and photovoltaic).Additionally,alternating among output pins can be done based on the required function.This paper presents the mathematical modeling and simulation of a reconfigurable-multifunctional optical sensor which can perform energy harvesting and data acquisition,as well as positioning,which is not available in the traditional PSDs.Simulation using the MATLAB software tool was achieved to demonstrate the modeling.The simulation results confirmed the validity of the mathematical modeling and proved that the modified sensor architecture,as depicted by the equations,accurately describes its behavior.The proposed sensor is expected to extend the battery's lifecycle,reduce its physical size,and increase the integration and functionality of the system.The presented sensor might be used in free space optical(FSO)communication like cube satellites or even in underwater wireless optical communication(UWOC).
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2024ME163)Hainan Provincial Joint Project of Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City(No.2021CXLH0005)Wenhai Program of the S&T Fund of Shandong Province for Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(No.2021WHZZB2301).
文摘In order to solve the problem of poor electrical conductivity of conventional magnesium alloy MAO coatings and to further enhance the multifunctionality of magnesium alloy coatings,this study examines the enhancement of EW75 through the development of composite coatings designed to improve its corrosion resistance,electrical conductivity,hydrophobicity,and antibacterial properties.MAO was employed as a base treatment,followed by application of organic composite coatings containing conductive graphite powder,silver-copper alloy powder,or a combination of both.Coatings were comprehensively characterized to evaluate their microstructure,corrosion resistance,electrical conductivity,hydrophobicity,and mold resistance.Results indicated that composite coatings significantly enhanced corrosion resistance compared to pure MAO coatings,with MAO-AgCu composite coating exhibiting the best performance.Furthermore,coatings demonstrated improved electrical conductivity,with MAO-AgCu coating displaying the lowest surface resistivity.Hydrophobicity was significantly improved in MAO-C-AgCu coating,and all coatings exhibited robust antibacterial effects,particularly against mold growth.This study enhances magnesium alloys’functionality,with potential applications in corrosion protection,electrical properties,and antimicrobial resistance.
