The concept, fundamental theory, analytical steps and formulae of grey relational analysis (GRA)-a new statistical method or multifactorial analysis in the field of medicine were introduced. GRA of grouping sequence t...The concept, fundamental theory, analytical steps and formulae of grey relational analysis (GRA)-a new statistical method or multifactorial analysis in the field of medicine were introduced. GRA of grouping sequence that is applied to medical study was built by the authors. An example was given to demonstrate it. The superiority of GRA was recounted briefly.展开更多
A multivariate analysis of 617 female patients with primary breast cancer treated by radical mastectomy between 1974 and 1981 was done. All patients were followed for more than five years. Survival was 76.6% and 64.7%...A multivariate analysis of 617 female patients with primary breast cancer treated by radical mastectomy between 1974 and 1981 was done. All patients were followed for more than five years. Survival was 76.6% and 64.7% at 5 and 10 years, respectively. Eleven clinical and pathological factors were available for study. The data were analysed by Cox's proportional hazards regression model. A final set of five independent significant prognostic factors was obtained. In order of importance they were, clinical stage, age at diagnosis, axillary lymph node status, histologic type and size of the primary tumor. To test the time-varying effect of these factors using Cox's model, all except age reduced their prognostic impact significantly after five years, however, age was a powerful prognostic factor for long-term survival. A prognostic index based on the regression coefficients was constructed. This index can give a better prediction for patients' survival and can be taken as reference when formulating treatment protocols for breast cancer.展开更多
Multifactorial correlation analysis is a new method used to predict the land subsidence caused by groundwater exploitation This article introduces and applies the method to establish the function of the surface settle...Multifactorial correlation analysis is a new method used to predict the land subsidence caused by groundwater exploitation This article introduces and applies the method to establish the function of the surface settlement rate （Vs） and the function of the time-dependent surface settlement （St） caused by groundwater exploitation, based on data acquired at three land subsidence monitoring stations in the Hanoi area of Vietnam. Comparison with actual monitoring data indicates that the prediction results are relatively close to the monitoring data. From this, we conclude that multifactorial correlation analysis is a reliable method and can be used to predict future land subsidence caused by groundwater exploitation in Hanoi.展开更多
Background:In order to effectively prevent crime,the law enforcement agencies in Ukraine use criminological forecasting,through which it is possible to study and identify the main problems of crime.Aims and Objectives...Background:In order to effectively prevent crime,the law enforcement agencies in Ukraine use criminological forecasting,through which it is possible to study and identify the main problems of crime.Aims and Objectives:The article aims to consider the modern criminological science in Ukraine and the world within the framework of criminological analysis used,determine the advantages and disadvantages of the selected types of criminological analysis,and substantiate the feasibility of investigating latent crimes.Materials and Methods:In the course of the study,the following general scientific and special research methods were used:formal-logical,system,statistical,and synthesis method.Results:The authors conclude by the conducted analytical study that such criminological analyses as regression,factorial,and monitoring are the most widespread at the present stage of criminological science development.These methods of criminological analysis were examined,their advantages and disadvantages were determined,and recommendations for their application in criminological science were given.It was established that the regression analysis is not found in many criminological studies,but the increase in crime rates both in Ukraine and in the world has led to the update in this direction.Conclusion:It has been proved that monitoring is the most frequent type of criminological analysis.This method is often used in criminological research to analyze statistical reporting publicly available to law enforcement agencies.The study has found it is advisable to investigate latent crime in addition to statistical indicators since it is several times higher than the level of officially registered criminal offenses in the country.展开更多
Objectives:Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)is a key cause of community-acquired pneumonia,and coinfections lead to varied patient outcomes.A comprehensive understanding of the outcome characteristics and associated etiologie...Objectives:Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)is a key cause of community-acquired pneumonia,and coinfections lead to varied patient outcomes.A comprehensive understanding of the outcome characteristics and associated etiologies of coinfections in MP patients is lacking.Methods and results:We analyzed 121,357 MP cases from 522,292,680 visits in Wuhan,China,in 2023(the final year of the COVID-19 pandemic).Children aged 1e10 years had the highest incidence,whereas those over 60 years had elevated hospitalization,severe infection,and fatality rates.Coinfection patterns differed by age,with bacterial-viral-Chlamydia pneumoniae(C.pneumoniae)/other pathogens prevalent in infants,bacterialviral pathogens prevalent in preschoolers,and viral-viral pathogens prevalent in schoolaged children.Bacterial coinfections were most common in MP-infected patients,especially those who were hospitalized.Coinfection,especially with C.pneumoniae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P.aeruginosa),Haemophilus influenzae(H.influenzae),and Streptococcus pneumoniae(S.pneumoniae),increased hospitalization rates.The most severe outcomes and deaths occurred in patients coinfected with C.pneumoniae-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),influenza A-parainfluenza virus(PIV)or adenovirus-PIV.Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that male sex and adult age(particularly≥40 years)were significantly associated with adverse outcomes in MP monoinfection.For coinfections,significantly higher hospitalization rates were reported among very young children(0-5 years)and adults aged40 years,whereas adults presented an increased risk of severe disease.Coinfection outcomes were significantly associated with seasons of the year(winter,spring,and summer),specific age groups(3-5 years,18-39 years,40-50 years,and 60 years and over),gender(male),and longer onsetto-diagnosis periods.Middle-aged and elderly patients,coinfection,spring and summer,gender(male),and longer onset-to-diagnosis periods were significantly associated with increased hospitalization and serious illness risk.Coinfection,winter,older(adult)age,and gender(male)were significantly associated with an increased risk of death.Conclusions:Compared with adults,children with MP have a greater morbidity risk,whereas middle-aged and older adults face greater risks of hospitalization,serious illness,and death.Coinfection with other pathogens heightens hospitalization and death risks.These insights are crucial for etiological screening,diagnosing multiple pathogens,and preventing and treating infections.展开更多
文摘The concept, fundamental theory, analytical steps and formulae of grey relational analysis (GRA)-a new statistical method or multifactorial analysis in the field of medicine were introduced. GRA of grouping sequence that is applied to medical study was built by the authors. An example was given to demonstrate it. The superiority of GRA was recounted briefly.
文摘A multivariate analysis of 617 female patients with primary breast cancer treated by radical mastectomy between 1974 and 1981 was done. All patients were followed for more than five years. Survival was 76.6% and 64.7% at 5 and 10 years, respectively. Eleven clinical and pathological factors were available for study. The data were analysed by Cox's proportional hazards regression model. A final set of five independent significant prognostic factors was obtained. In order of importance they were, clinical stage, age at diagnosis, axillary lymph node status, histologic type and size of the primary tumor. To test the time-varying effect of these factors using Cox's model, all except age reduced their prognostic impact significantly after five years, however, age was a powerful prognostic factor for long-term survival. A prognostic index based on the regression coefficients was constructed. This index can give a better prediction for patients' survival and can be taken as reference when formulating treatment protocols for breast cancer.
基金supported by Vietnam National Funds of Education and Training
文摘Multifactorial correlation analysis is a new method used to predict the land subsidence caused by groundwater exploitation This article introduces and applies the method to establish the function of the surface settlement rate （Vs） and the function of the time-dependent surface settlement （St） caused by groundwater exploitation, based on data acquired at three land subsidence monitoring stations in the Hanoi area of Vietnam. Comparison with actual monitoring data indicates that the prediction results are relatively close to the monitoring data. From this, we conclude that multifactorial correlation analysis is a reliable method and can be used to predict future land subsidence caused by groundwater exploitation in Hanoi.
文摘Background:In order to effectively prevent crime,the law enforcement agencies in Ukraine use criminological forecasting,through which it is possible to study and identify the main problems of crime.Aims and Objectives:The article aims to consider the modern criminological science in Ukraine and the world within the framework of criminological analysis used,determine the advantages and disadvantages of the selected types of criminological analysis,and substantiate the feasibility of investigating latent crimes.Materials and Methods:In the course of the study,the following general scientific and special research methods were used:formal-logical,system,statistical,and synthesis method.Results:The authors conclude by the conducted analytical study that such criminological analyses as regression,factorial,and monitoring are the most widespread at the present stage of criminological science development.These methods of criminological analysis were examined,their advantages and disadvantages were determined,and recommendations for their application in criminological science were given.It was established that the regression analysis is not found in many criminological studies,but the increase in crime rates both in Ukraine and in the world has led to the update in this direction.Conclusion:It has been proved that monitoring is the most frequent type of criminological analysis.This method is often used in criminological research to analyze statistical reporting publicly available to law enforcement agencies.The study has found it is advisable to investigate latent crime in addition to statistical indicators since it is several times higher than the level of officially registered criminal offenses in the country.
基金supported by Guangzhou Laboratory(Grant No.SRPG22-007)Major Project of Guangzhou National Laboratory(Grant No.GZNL2024A01004)The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82341034).
文摘Objectives:Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)is a key cause of community-acquired pneumonia,and coinfections lead to varied patient outcomes.A comprehensive understanding of the outcome characteristics and associated etiologies of coinfections in MP patients is lacking.Methods and results:We analyzed 121,357 MP cases from 522,292,680 visits in Wuhan,China,in 2023(the final year of the COVID-19 pandemic).Children aged 1e10 years had the highest incidence,whereas those over 60 years had elevated hospitalization,severe infection,and fatality rates.Coinfection patterns differed by age,with bacterial-viral-Chlamydia pneumoniae(C.pneumoniae)/other pathogens prevalent in infants,bacterialviral pathogens prevalent in preschoolers,and viral-viral pathogens prevalent in schoolaged children.Bacterial coinfections were most common in MP-infected patients,especially those who were hospitalized.Coinfection,especially with C.pneumoniae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P.aeruginosa),Haemophilus influenzae(H.influenzae),and Streptococcus pneumoniae(S.pneumoniae),increased hospitalization rates.The most severe outcomes and deaths occurred in patients coinfected with C.pneumoniae-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),influenza A-parainfluenza virus(PIV)or adenovirus-PIV.Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that male sex and adult age(particularly≥40 years)were significantly associated with adverse outcomes in MP monoinfection.For coinfections,significantly higher hospitalization rates were reported among very young children(0-5 years)and adults aged40 years,whereas adults presented an increased risk of severe disease.Coinfection outcomes were significantly associated with seasons of the year(winter,spring,and summer),specific age groups(3-5 years,18-39 years,40-50 years,and 60 years and over),gender(male),and longer onsetto-diagnosis periods.Middle-aged and elderly patients,coinfection,spring and summer,gender(male),and longer onset-to-diagnosis periods were significantly associated with increased hospitalization and serious illness risk.Coinfection,winter,older(adult)age,and gender(male)were significantly associated with an increased risk of death.Conclusions:Compared with adults,children with MP have a greater morbidity risk,whereas middle-aged and older adults face greater risks of hospitalization,serious illness,and death.Coinfection with other pathogens heightens hospitalization and death risks.These insights are crucial for etiological screening,diagnosing multiple pathogens,and preventing and treating infections.
