Power system equipment outages are one of the most important factors affecting the reliability and economy of power systems.It is crucial to consider the reliability of the planning problems.In this paper,a generation...Power system equipment outages are one of the most important factors affecting the reliability and economy of power systems.It is crucial to consider the reliability of the planning problems.In this paper,a generation expansion planning(GEP)model is proposed,in which the candidate generating units and energy storage systems(ESSs)are simultaneously planned by minimizing the cost incurred on investment,operation,reserve,and reliability.The reliability cost is computed by multiplying the value of lost load(VOLL)with the expected energy not supplied(EENS),and this model makes a compromise between economy and reliability.Because the computation of EENS makes the major computation impediment of the entire model,a new efficient linear EENS formulation is proposed and applied in a multi-step GEP model.By doing so,the computation efficiency is significantly improved,and the solution accuracy is still desirable.The proposed GEP model is illustrated using the IEEE-RTS system to validate the effectiveness and superiority of the new model.展开更多
For permanent magnet linear synchronous motor(PMLSM) working at trapezoidal speed for long time, high thrust brings high temperature rise, while low thrust limits dynamic performance. Thus, it is crucial to find a bal...For permanent magnet linear synchronous motor(PMLSM) working at trapezoidal speed for long time, high thrust brings high temperature rise, while low thrust limits dynamic performance. Thus, it is crucial to find a balance between temperature rise and dynamic performance. In this paper, a velocity planning model of the PMLSM at trapezoidal speed based on electromagnetic-fluid-thermal(EFT) field is proposed to obtain the optimal dynamic performance under temperature limitation. In this model, the winding loss is calculated considering the acceleration and deceleration time. The loss model is indirectly verified by the temperature rise experiment of an annular winding sample. The actual working conditions of the PMLSM are simulated by dynamic grid technology to research the influence of acceleration and deceleration on fluid flow in the air gap, and the variation rule of the thermal boundary condition is analyzed. Combined with the above conditions, the temperature rise of a coreless PMLSM(CPMLSM) under the rated working condition is calculated and analyzed in detail. Through this method and several iterations, the optimal dynamic performance under the temperature limitation is achieved. The result is verified by a comparison between simulation and prototype tests, which can help improve the dynamic performance.展开更多
The objective of the present study is to develop the irrigation planning model and to apply the same in the form of Two-Phase Multi Objective Fuzzy Linear Programming (TPMOFLP) approach for crop planning in command ar...The objective of the present study is to develop the irrigation planning model and to apply the same in the form of Two-Phase Multi Objective Fuzzy Linear Programming (TPMOFLP) approach for crop planning in command area of Jayakwadi Project Stage I, Maharashtra State, India. The development of TPMOFLP model is on the basis of various Linear Programming (LP) models and Multi Objective Fuzzy Linear Programming (MOFLP) models, these models have been applied for maximization of the Net Benefits (NB), Crop production (CP), Employment Generation (EG) and Manure Utilization (MU) respectively. The significant increase in the value of level of satisfaction (λ) has been found from 0.58 to 0.65 by using the TPMOFLP approach as compare to that of MOFLP model based on maxmin approach. The two-phase approach solution provides NB = 1503.56 Million Rupees, CP = 335729.30 Tons, EG = 29.74 Million Man days and MU = 160233.70 Tons respectively. The proposed model will be helpful for the Decision Maker (DM) to take a decision under conflicting situation while planning for different conflicting objectives simultaneously and has potential to find out an integrated irrigation planning with prime consideration for economic, social and environmental issue.展开更多
This paper presents a new approach to find an approximate solution for the nonlinear path planning problem. In this approach, first by defining a new formulation in the calculus of variations, an optimal control probl...This paper presents a new approach to find an approximate solution for the nonlinear path planning problem. In this approach, first by defining a new formulation in the calculus of variations, an optimal control problem, equivalent to the original problem, is obtained. Then, a metamorphosis is performed in the space of problem by defining an injection from the set of admissible trajectory-control pairs in this space into the space of positive Radon measures. Using properties of Radon measures, the problem is changed to a measure-theo- retical optimization problem. This problem is an infinite dimensional linear programming (LP), which is approximated by a finite dimensional LP. The solution of this LP is used to construct an approximate solution for the original path planning problem. Finally, a numerical example is included to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach.展开更多
The purpose of this paper was to examine the role of quantitative analysis in production planning decisions. This draws from the observed imperatives of quantitative analysis in business decisions and its capacity for...The purpose of this paper was to examine the role of quantitative analysis in production planning decisions. This draws from the observed imperatives of quantitative analysis in business decisions and its capacity for predictability and enhanced decision making given the increasingly complex nature of the business environment. The paper therefore addressed the historical evolution of quantitative technique as an efficient and effective decision-making tool. The content of the paper addressed commonly applied quantitative technique in manufacturing firms today which is, linear programming and its subsequent impact on production planning decisions. The results based on a congruence of views revealed that the “best-fit” application of quantitative analysis models and tools can untangle the complexities of production and planning decision making process in order to achieve the organizational goal. This is, as literature also showed that there is obviously no consensus or integrated model that is capable of solving all managerial problem, different models such as the linear programming model have however been developed to cater for different problems as they arise. The workability or suitability of quantitative analysis is actually premised on its appropriate application. The paper recommends the application of quantitative analysis using linear programming in solving various resource allocation related issues in the primary production planning function of manufacturing firms.展开更多
Field D* algorithm is widely used in mobile robot navigation since it can plan and replan any-angle paths through non-uniform cost grids. However, it still suffers from inefficiency and sub-optimality. In this article...Field D* algorithm is widely used in mobile robot navigation since it can plan and replan any-angle paths through non-uniform cost grids. However, it still suffers from inefficiency and sub-optimality. In this article, a new linear interpolation-based planning and replanning algorithm, Update-Reducing Field D*, is proposed. It employs different approaches during initial planning and replanning respectively in order to reduce the number of updates of the rhs-values of vertices. Experiments have shown that Update-Reducing Field D* runs faster than Field D* and returns smoother and lower-cost paths.展开更多
In practical water environmental planning, the influence of the non-linear characteristics on the benefit of environmental investment was seldom taken into consideration. This paper demonstrates that there exist a lot...In practical water environmental planning, the influence of the non-linear characteristics on the benefit of environmental investment was seldom taken into consideration. This paper demonstrates that there exist a lot of non-linear behaviors in water environment by emphatically analyzing the influence of the non-linear characteristics of the economic scale, the meandering river and the model on water environmental planning, which will make a certain impact on the water environmental planning that sometimes cannot be neglected. This paper also preliminarily explores how to integrate the non-linear characteristics into water environmental planning. The results showed that compared with traditional methods, water environmental planning considering non-linear characteristics has its prevalence and it is necessary to develop the relevant planning theories and methods.展开更多
1Introduction To date,in model-based gait-planning methods,the dynamics of the center of mass(COM)of bipedal robots have been analyzed by establishing their linear inverted pendulum model(LIPM)or extended forms(Owaki ...1Introduction To date,in model-based gait-planning methods,the dynamics of the center of mass(COM)of bipedal robots have been analyzed by establishing their linear inverted pendulum model(LIPM)or extended forms(Owaki et al.,2010;Englsberger et al.,2015;Xie et al.,2020).With regard to model-based gait-generation methods for uphill and downhill terrain,Kuo(2007)simulated human gait using an inverted pendulum,which provided a circular trajectory for the COM rather than a horizontal trajectory.He found that a horizontal COM trajectory consumed more muscle energy.Massah et al.(2012)utilized a 3D LIPM and the concept of zero moment point(ZMP).They developed a trajectory planner using the semi-elliptical motion equations of an NAO humanoid robot and simulated walking on various sloped terrains using the Webots platform.展开更多
The rapid evolution of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)technology and autonomous capabilities has positioned UAV as promising last-mile delivery means.Vehicle and onboard UAV collaborative delivery is introduced as a nove...The rapid evolution of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)technology and autonomous capabilities has positioned UAV as promising last-mile delivery means.Vehicle and onboard UAV collaborative delivery is introduced as a novel delivery mode.Spatiotemporal collaboration,along with energy consumption with payload and wind conditions play important roles in delivery route planning.This paper introduces the traveling salesman problem with time window and onboard UAV(TSPTWOUAV)and emphasizes the consideration of real-world scenarios,focusing on time collaboration and energy consumption with wind and payload.To address this,a mixed integer linear programming(MILP)model is formulated to minimize the energy consumption costs of vehicle and UAV.Furthermore,an adaptive large neighborhood search(ALNS)algorithm is applied to identify high-quality solutions efficiently.The effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm is validated through numerical tests on real geographic instances and sensitivity analysis of key parameters is conducted.展开更多
This work addresses the cut order planning(COP)problem for multi-color garment production,which is the first step in the clothing industry.First,a multi-objective optimization model of multicolor COP(MCOP)is establish...This work addresses the cut order planning(COP)problem for multi-color garment production,which is the first step in the clothing industry.First,a multi-objective optimization model of multicolor COP(MCOP)is established with production error and production cost as optimization objectives,combined with constraints such as the number of equipment and the number of layers.Second,a decoupled multi-objective optimization algorithm(DMOA)is proposed based on the linear programming decoupling strategy and non-dominated sorting in genetic algorithmsⅡ(NSGAII).The size-combination matrix and the fabric-layer matrix are decoupled to improve the accuracy of the algorithm.Meanwhile,an improved NSGAII algorithm is designed to obtain the optimal Pareto solution to the MCOP problem,thereby constructing a practical intelligent production optimization algorithm.Finally,the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed DMOA are verified through practical cases and comparative experiments,which can effectively optimize the production process for garment enterprises.展开更多
A target is assumed to move according to a Brownian motion on the real line. The searcher starts from the origin and moves in the two directions from the starting point. The object is to detect the target. The purpose...A target is assumed to move according to a Brownian motion on the real line. The searcher starts from the origin and moves in the two directions from the starting point. The object is to detect the target. The purpose of this paper is to find the conditions under which the expected value of the first meeting time of the searcher and the target is finite, and to show the existence of a search plan which made this expected value minimum.展开更多
Intelligent process planning(PP)is one of the most important components in an intelligent manufacturing system and acts as a bridge between product designing and practical manufacturing.PP is a nondeterministic polyno...Intelligent process planning(PP)is one of the most important components in an intelligent manufacturing system and acts as a bridge between product designing and practical manufacturing.PP is a nondeterministic polynomial-time(NP)-hard problem and,as existing mathematical models are not formulated in linear forms,they cannot be solved well to achieve exact solutions for PP problems.This paper proposes a novel mixed-integer linear programming(MILP)mathematical model by considering the network topology structure and the OR nodes that represent a type of OR logic inside the network.Precedence relationships between operations are discussed by raising three types of precedence relationship matrices.Furthermore,the proposed model can be programmed in commonly-used mathematical programming solvers,such as CPLEX,Gurobi,and so forth,to search for optimal solutions for most open problems.To verify the effectiveness and generality of the proposed model,five groups of numerical experiments are conducted on well-known benchmarks.The results show that the proposed model can solve PP problems effectively and can obtain better solutions than those obtained by the state-ofthe-art algorithms.展开更多
Abstract Production planning under uncertainty is considered as one of the most important problems in plant-wide optimization. In this article, first, a stochastic programming model with uniform distribution assumptio...Abstract Production planning under uncertainty is considered as one of the most important problems in plant-wide optimization. In this article, first, a stochastic programming model with uniform distribution assumption is developed for refinery production planning under demand uncertainty, and then a hybrid programming model incorporating the linear programming model with the stochastic programming one by a weight factor is proposed. Subsequently, piecewise linear approximation functions are derived and applied to solve the hybrid programming model-under uniform distribution assumption. Case studies show that the linear approximation algorithm is effective to solve.the hybrid programming model, along with an error≤0.5% when the deviatiorgmean≤20%. The simulation results indicate that the hybrid programming model with an appropriate weight factor （0.1-0.2） can effectively improve the optimal operational strategies under demand uncertainty, achieving higher profit than the linear programming model and the stochastic programming one with about 1.3% and 0.4% enhancement, respectavely.展开更多
The overall planning of land use is a complex process of joint action of social system, natural and economic conditions. On the basis of summarizing the existing researches, we select Shaanxi's Shangluo City, loca...The overall planning of land use is a complex process of joint action of social system, natural and economic conditions. On the basis of summarizing the existing researches, we select Shaanxi's Shangluo City, located in the Qinba mountainous area as the study object, to expound the concept and steps of scenario analysis based on land use change data, under the guidance of ecological safety and sustainable development theory. We design four different scenarios of land use planning program in Shangluo City during the period 2006-2020, and use grey linear programming model to analyze each scenario. The results show that the scenario analysis is feasible in the adjustment of land use structure in Shangluo City; operable in the determining of land use planning program on a macro-municipal scale.展开更多
Planning and production optimization within multiple mines or several work sites （entities） mining systems by using fuzzy linear programming （LP） was studied. LP is the most commonly used operations research metho...Planning and production optimization within multiple mines or several work sites （entities） mining systems by using fuzzy linear programming （LP） was studied. LP is the most commonly used operations research methods in mining engineering. After the introductory review of properties and limitations of applying LP, short reviews of the general settings of deterministic and fuzzy LP models are presented. With the purpose of comparative analysis, the application of both LP models is presented using the example of the Bauxite Basin Niksic with five mines. After the assessment, LP is an efficient mathematical modeling tool in production planning and solving many other single-criteria optimization problems of mining engineering. After the comparison of advantages and deficiencies of both deterministic and fuzzy LP models, the conclusion presents benefits of the fuzzy LP model but is also stating that seeking the optimal plan of production means to accomplish the overall analysis that will encompass the LP model approaches.展开更多
基金supported by project of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company(52062520000Q)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFE0118400)。
文摘Power system equipment outages are one of the most important factors affecting the reliability and economy of power systems.It is crucial to consider the reliability of the planning problems.In this paper,a generation expansion planning(GEP)model is proposed,in which the candidate generating units and energy storage systems(ESSs)are simultaneously planned by minimizing the cost incurred on investment,operation,reserve,and reliability.The reliability cost is computed by multiplying the value of lost load(VOLL)with the expected energy not supplied(EENS),and this model makes a compromise between economy and reliability.Because the computation of EENS makes the major computation impediment of the entire model,a new efficient linear EENS formulation is proposed and applied in a multi-step GEP model.By doing so,the computation efficiency is significantly improved,and the solution accuracy is still desirable.The proposed GEP model is illustrated using the IEEE-RTS system to validate the effectiveness and superiority of the new model.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 52022040in part by the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of NUAA。
文摘For permanent magnet linear synchronous motor(PMLSM) working at trapezoidal speed for long time, high thrust brings high temperature rise, while low thrust limits dynamic performance. Thus, it is crucial to find a balance between temperature rise and dynamic performance. In this paper, a velocity planning model of the PMLSM at trapezoidal speed based on electromagnetic-fluid-thermal(EFT) field is proposed to obtain the optimal dynamic performance under temperature limitation. In this model, the winding loss is calculated considering the acceleration and deceleration time. The loss model is indirectly verified by the temperature rise experiment of an annular winding sample. The actual working conditions of the PMLSM are simulated by dynamic grid technology to research the influence of acceleration and deceleration on fluid flow in the air gap, and the variation rule of the thermal boundary condition is analyzed. Combined with the above conditions, the temperature rise of a coreless PMLSM(CPMLSM) under the rated working condition is calculated and analyzed in detail. Through this method and several iterations, the optimal dynamic performance under the temperature limitation is achieved. The result is verified by a comparison between simulation and prototype tests, which can help improve the dynamic performance.
文摘The objective of the present study is to develop the irrigation planning model and to apply the same in the form of Two-Phase Multi Objective Fuzzy Linear Programming (TPMOFLP) approach for crop planning in command area of Jayakwadi Project Stage I, Maharashtra State, India. The development of TPMOFLP model is on the basis of various Linear Programming (LP) models and Multi Objective Fuzzy Linear Programming (MOFLP) models, these models have been applied for maximization of the Net Benefits (NB), Crop production (CP), Employment Generation (EG) and Manure Utilization (MU) respectively. The significant increase in the value of level of satisfaction (λ) has been found from 0.58 to 0.65 by using the TPMOFLP approach as compare to that of MOFLP model based on maxmin approach. The two-phase approach solution provides NB = 1503.56 Million Rupees, CP = 335729.30 Tons, EG = 29.74 Million Man days and MU = 160233.70 Tons respectively. The proposed model will be helpful for the Decision Maker (DM) to take a decision under conflicting situation while planning for different conflicting objectives simultaneously and has potential to find out an integrated irrigation planning with prime consideration for economic, social and environmental issue.
文摘This paper presents a new approach to find an approximate solution for the nonlinear path planning problem. In this approach, first by defining a new formulation in the calculus of variations, an optimal control problem, equivalent to the original problem, is obtained. Then, a metamorphosis is performed in the space of problem by defining an injection from the set of admissible trajectory-control pairs in this space into the space of positive Radon measures. Using properties of Radon measures, the problem is changed to a measure-theo- retical optimization problem. This problem is an infinite dimensional linear programming (LP), which is approximated by a finite dimensional LP. The solution of this LP is used to construct an approximate solution for the original path planning problem. Finally, a numerical example is included to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
文摘The purpose of this paper was to examine the role of quantitative analysis in production planning decisions. This draws from the observed imperatives of quantitative analysis in business decisions and its capacity for predictability and enhanced decision making given the increasingly complex nature of the business environment. The paper therefore addressed the historical evolution of quantitative technique as an efficient and effective decision-making tool. The content of the paper addressed commonly applied quantitative technique in manufacturing firms today which is, linear programming and its subsequent impact on production planning decisions. The results based on a congruence of views revealed that the “best-fit” application of quantitative analysis models and tools can untangle the complexities of production and planning decision making process in order to achieve the organizational goal. This is, as literature also showed that there is obviously no consensus or integrated model that is capable of solving all managerial problem, different models such as the linear programming model have however been developed to cater for different problems as they arise. The workability or suitability of quantitative analysis is actually premised on its appropriate application. The paper recommends the application of quantitative analysis using linear programming in solving various resource allocation related issues in the primary production planning function of manufacturing firms.
文摘Field D* algorithm is widely used in mobile robot navigation since it can plan and replan any-angle paths through non-uniform cost grids. However, it still suffers from inefficiency and sub-optimality. In this article, a new linear interpolation-based planning and replanning algorithm, Update-Reducing Field D*, is proposed. It employs different approaches during initial planning and replanning respectively in order to reduce the number of updates of the rhs-values of vertices. Experiments have shown that Update-Reducing Field D* runs faster than Field D* and returns smoother and lower-cost paths.
文摘In practical water environmental planning, the influence of the non-linear characteristics on the benefit of environmental investment was seldom taken into consideration. This paper demonstrates that there exist a lot of non-linear behaviors in water environment by emphatically analyzing the influence of the non-linear characteristics of the economic scale, the meandering river and the model on water environmental planning, which will make a certain impact on the water environmental planning that sometimes cannot be neglected. This paper also preliminarily explores how to integrate the non-linear characteristics into water environmental planning. The results showed that compared with traditional methods, water environmental planning considering non-linear characteristics has its prevalence and it is necessary to develop the relevant planning theories and methods.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12332023)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LY23E050010).
文摘1Introduction To date,in model-based gait-planning methods,the dynamics of the center of mass(COM)of bipedal robots have been analyzed by establishing their linear inverted pendulum model(LIPM)or extended forms(Owaki et al.,2010;Englsberger et al.,2015;Xie et al.,2020).With regard to model-based gait-generation methods for uphill and downhill terrain,Kuo(2007)simulated human gait using an inverted pendulum,which provided a circular trajectory for the COM rather than a horizontal trajectory.He found that a horizontal COM trajectory consumed more muscle energy.Massah et al.(2012)utilized a 3D LIPM and the concept of zero moment point(ZMP).They developed a trajectory planner using the semi-elliptical motion equations of an NAO humanoid robot and simulated walking on various sloped terrains using the Webots platform.
基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2024JBZX038)National Natural Science F oundation of China(62076023)。
文摘The rapid evolution of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)technology and autonomous capabilities has positioned UAV as promising last-mile delivery means.Vehicle and onboard UAV collaborative delivery is introduced as a novel delivery mode.Spatiotemporal collaboration,along with energy consumption with payload and wind conditions play important roles in delivery route planning.This paper introduces the traveling salesman problem with time window and onboard UAV(TSPTWOUAV)and emphasizes the consideration of real-world scenarios,focusing on time collaboration and energy consumption with wind and payload.To address this,a mixed integer linear programming(MILP)model is formulated to minimize the energy consumption costs of vehicle and UAV.Furthermore,an adaptive large neighborhood search(ALNS)algorithm is applied to identify high-quality solutions efficiently.The effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm is validated through numerical tests on real geographic instances and sensitivity analysis of key parameters is conducted.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LQ22F030015).
文摘This work addresses the cut order planning(COP)problem for multi-color garment production,which is the first step in the clothing industry.First,a multi-objective optimization model of multicolor COP(MCOP)is established with production error and production cost as optimization objectives,combined with constraints such as the number of equipment and the number of layers.Second,a decoupled multi-objective optimization algorithm(DMOA)is proposed based on the linear programming decoupling strategy and non-dominated sorting in genetic algorithmsⅡ(NSGAII).The size-combination matrix and the fabric-layer matrix are decoupled to improve the accuracy of the algorithm.Meanwhile,an improved NSGAII algorithm is designed to obtain the optimal Pareto solution to the MCOP problem,thereby constructing a practical intelligent production optimization algorithm.Finally,the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed DMOA are verified through practical cases and comparative experiments,which can effectively optimize the production process for garment enterprises.
文摘A target is assumed to move according to a Brownian motion on the real line. The searcher starts from the origin and moves in the two directions from the starting point. The object is to detect the target. The purpose of this paper is to find the conditions under which the expected value of the first meeting time of the searcher and the target is finite, and to show the existence of a search plan which made this expected value minimum.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51825502,51775216)in part by the Program for Huazhong University of Science and Technology(HUST)Academic Frontier Youth Team(2017QYTD04).
文摘Intelligent process planning(PP)is one of the most important components in an intelligent manufacturing system and acts as a bridge between product designing and practical manufacturing.PP is a nondeterministic polynomial-time(NP)-hard problem and,as existing mathematical models are not formulated in linear forms,they cannot be solved well to achieve exact solutions for PP problems.This paper proposes a novel mixed-integer linear programming(MILP)mathematical model by considering the network topology structure and the OR nodes that represent a type of OR logic inside the network.Precedence relationships between operations are discussed by raising three types of precedence relationship matrices.Furthermore,the proposed model can be programmed in commonly-used mathematical programming solvers,such as CPLEX,Gurobi,and so forth,to search for optimal solutions for most open problems.To verify the effectiveness and generality of the proposed model,five groups of numerical experiments are conducted on well-known benchmarks.The results show that the proposed model can solve PP problems effectively and can obtain better solutions than those obtained by the state-ofthe-art algorithms.
基金the Specialized Research Fund for Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(20060003087)
文摘Abstract Production planning under uncertainty is considered as one of the most important problems in plant-wide optimization. In this article, first, a stochastic programming model with uniform distribution assumption is developed for refinery production planning under demand uncertainty, and then a hybrid programming model incorporating the linear programming model with the stochastic programming one by a weight factor is proposed. Subsequently, piecewise linear approximation functions are derived and applied to solve the hybrid programming model-under uniform distribution assumption. Case studies show that the linear approximation algorithm is effective to solve.the hybrid programming model, along with an error≤0.5% when the deviatiorgmean≤20%. The simulation results indicate that the hybrid programming model with an appropriate weight factor （0.1-0.2） can effectively improve the optimal operational strategies under demand uncertainty, achieving higher profit than the linear programming model and the stochastic programming one with about 1.3% and 0.4% enhancement, respectavely.
基金Supported by Graduate Innovation Fund Project of Northwest University (10YSJ05)
文摘The overall planning of land use is a complex process of joint action of social system, natural and economic conditions. On the basis of summarizing the existing researches, we select Shaanxi's Shangluo City, located in the Qinba mountainous area as the study object, to expound the concept and steps of scenario analysis based on land use change data, under the guidance of ecological safety and sustainable development theory. We design four different scenarios of land use planning program in Shangluo City during the period 2006-2020, and use grey linear programming model to analyze each scenario. The results show that the scenario analysis is feasible in the adjustment of land use structure in Shangluo City; operable in the determining of land use planning program on a macro-municipal scale.
文摘Planning and production optimization within multiple mines or several work sites （entities） mining systems by using fuzzy linear programming （LP） was studied. LP is the most commonly used operations research methods in mining engineering. After the introductory review of properties and limitations of applying LP, short reviews of the general settings of deterministic and fuzzy LP models are presented. With the purpose of comparative analysis, the application of both LP models is presented using the example of the Bauxite Basin Niksic with five mines. After the assessment, LP is an efficient mathematical modeling tool in production planning and solving many other single-criteria optimization problems of mining engineering. After the comparison of advantages and deficiencies of both deterministic and fuzzy LP models, the conclusion presents benefits of the fuzzy LP model but is also stating that seeking the optimal plan of production means to accomplish the overall analysis that will encompass the LP model approaches.
