The shop scheduling problem with limited buffers has broad applications in real-world production scenarios,so this research direction is of great practical significance.However,there is currently little research on th...The shop scheduling problem with limited buffers has broad applications in real-world production scenarios,so this research direction is of great practical significance.However,there is currently little research on the hybrid flow shop scheduling problem with limited buffers(LBHFSP).This paper deeply investigates the LBHFSP to optimize the goal of the total completion time.To better solve the LBHFSP,a multi-level subpopulation-based particle swarm optimization algorithm(MLPSO)is proposed,which is founded on the attributes of the LBHFSP and the shortcomings of the basic PSO(particle swarm optimization)algorithm.In MLPSO,firstly,considering the impact of the limited buffers on the process of subsequent operations,a specific circular decoding strategy is developed to accommodate the characteristics of limited buffers.Secondly,an initialization strategy based on blocking time is designed to enhance the quality and diversity of the initial population.Afterward,a multi-level subpopulation collaborative search is developed to prevent being trapped in a local optimum and improve the global exploration capability.Additionally,a local search strategy based on the first blocked job is designed to enhance the MLPSO algorithm’s exploitation capability.Lastly,numerous experiments are carried out to test the performance of the proposed MLPSO by comparing it with classical intelligent optimization and popular algorithms in recent years.The results confirm that the proposed MLPSO has an outstanding performance when compared to other algorithms when solving LBHFSP.展开更多
Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy(STORM),as a typical technique of single-molecule localization microscopy(SMLM),has overcome the diffraction limit by randomly switching fluorophores between fluorescent and...Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy(STORM),as a typical technique of single-molecule localization microscopy(SMLM),has overcome the diffraction limit by randomly switching fluorophores between fluorescent and dark states,allowing for the precise localization of isolated emission patterns and the super-resolution reconstruction from millions of localized positions of single fluorophores.A critical factor influencing localization precision is the photo-switching behavior of fluorophores,which is affected by the imaging buffer.The imaging buffer typically comprises oxygen scavengers,photo-switching reagents,and refractive index regulators.Oxygen scavengers help prevent photobleaching,photo-switching reagents assist in facilitating the conversion of fluorophores,and refractive index regulators are used to adjust the refractive index of the solution.The synergistic interaction of these components promotes stable blinking of fluorophores,reduces irreversible photobleaching,and thereby ensures high-quality super-resolution imaging.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the essential compositions and functionalities of imaging buffers used in STORM,serving as a valuable resource for researchers seeking to select appropriate imaging buffers for their experiments.展开更多
Redox homeostasis is crucial for cellular function,and its disruption is associated with numerous diseases and age-related pathologies.Superoxide(·O_(2)-),a key reactive oxygen species(ROS),functions as a crucial...Redox homeostasis is crucial for cellular function,and its disruption is associated with numerous diseases and age-related pathologies.Superoxide(·O_(2)-),a key reactive oxygen species(ROS),functions as a crucial signaling molecule under normal physiological processes;however,both its excessive accumulation and deficiency can lead to significant detrimental effects on organismal health.Inspired by the natural enzyme superoxide dismutase(SOD),which alleviates oxidative stress by neutralizing excess free radicals and modulates intracellular ROS levels to activate anti-aging pathways,we bioengineered a novel"superoxide buffering formulation"(SOD Buffer)to precisely regulate mitochondrial superoxide levels.Using C.elegans as a model,we show that SOD Buffer reduces superoxide accumulation under oxidative stress(e.g.,UV exposure)and restores superoxide levels under its depletion(e.g.,post-MitoQ treatment),without affecting general ROS level.Mechanistically,SOD Buffer modulates superoxide levels to activate the mitochondrial unfolded protein response(UPR^(mt)),evidenced by the increased HSP-6 expression.This activation is mediated by the transcription regulators ATFS-1 and DVE-1,which govern mitochondrial stress responses.Functionally,SOD Buffer extends average lifespan by 36.98% and improves aging-related behaviors in C.elegans in a UPR^(mt) dependent manner.These findings highlight the therapeutic promise of targeted superoxide modulation to maintain mitochondrial health and promote longevity.展开更多
An algorithm of minimizing the number of buffers under certain delay constraint with accurate delay models is presented.Given a two-terminal net,the algorithm can minimize the total number of buffers inserted to meet ...An algorithm of minimizing the number of buffers under certain delay constraint with accurate delay models is presented.Given a two-terminal net,the algorithm can minimize the total number of buffers inserted to meet the delay constraint.A high order delay model is applied to estimate interconnect delay and a nonlinear delay model based on look-up table is for buffer delay estimation.The experimental results show that the algorithm can efficiently achieve the trade-offs between number of buffers and delay,and avoid needless power and area cost.The running time is satisfactory.展开更多
This paper presents a serial synchronous scanning mode in fiat panel display （FPD） by adding a latch buffer between the serializer and the driving buffer. Comparing with conventional techniques, the proposed structu...This paper presents a serial synchronous scanning mode in fiat panel display （FPD） by adding a latch buffer between the serializer and the driving buffer. Comparing with conventional techniques, the proposed structure can efficiently reduce the brightness loss and improve the transmission performance. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the ratio between the lightest weight display time and the relative transmission time is a tradeoff between brightness loss and transmission efficiency.展开更多
Single-junction,lattice-mismatched In0.69Ga0.31As thermophotovoltaic（TPV） devices each with a bandgap of 0.6 eV are grown on InP substrate by metal-organic chemical vapour deposition（MOCVD）.Compositionally undulat...Single-junction,lattice-mismatched In0.69Ga0.31As thermophotovoltaic（TPV） devices each with a bandgap of 0.6 eV are grown on InP substrate by metal-organic chemical vapour deposition（MOCVD）.Compositionally undulating stepgraded InAsyP1-y buffer layers with a lattice mismatch of ～1.2% are used to mitigate the effect of lattice mismatch between the device layers and the InP substrate.With an optimized buffer thickness,the In0.69Ga0.31As active layers grown on the buffer display a high crystal quality with no measurable tetragonal distortion.High-performance single-junction devices are demonstrated,with an open-circuit voltage of 0.215 V and a photovoltaic conversion efficiency of 6.9% at a short-circuit current density of 47.6 mA/cm2,which are measured under the standard solar simulator of air mass 1.5-global（AM 1.5 G）.展开更多
The paper presents an algorithm for constructing geometric buffers for vector feature layers and dissolving those buffers using a sweep-line approach and vector algebra.The algorithm works by first constructing a geom...The paper presents an algorithm for constructing geometric buffers for vector feature layers and dissolving those buffers using a sweep-line approach and vector algebra.The algorithm works by first constructing a geometric buffer for a vector feature layer,then dissolving each single geometric buffer for that feature layer,and finally dissolving the overlapping buffers of the entire layer.The algorithm has been implemented successfully in a commercial Geographical Information System software package.展开更多
Many studies have examined the effect of roads on landscape fragmentation.Yet they rarely considered local characteristics of the road and road buffer widths.Therefore,this study that took place in the Qingzang Highwa...Many studies have examined the effect of roads on landscape fragmentation.Yet they rarely considered local characteristics of the road and road buffer widths.Therefore,this study that took place in the Qingzang Highway(QH)examined the variations in road buffers and road sections of landscape fragmentation.The QH was divided into 32 sections with 23 buffer areas.Based on the indicators of landscape fragmentation from 1980 to 2018,we found significant spatial heterogeneity between sections and buffers.Generally,landscape fragmentation de-creased with increasing buffer distance to the QH.For different sections,the coefficients of variation between buffers were rather high and significantly different.Therefore,fixed-width buffers may overestimate or underes-timate the spatial scope and influence intensity of a road.The impacts of road sections around provincial capitals,prefecture-level cities and main counties on landscape fragmentation were relatively extensive and formed clus-ters of highly fragmented areas.Geodetector results indicated that natural and anthropogenic factors,such as altitude,climate,distance to major settlements and socioeconomic conditions,could well explain the spatiotem-poral characteristics of landscape fragmentation.Altitude,precipitation and the distance to major settlements had higher explanatory power for landscape fragmentation in permafrost regions,whereas slope and socioeconomic condition had higher explanatory power for non-permafrost regions in Xizang Autonomous Region.展开更多
An effective discrete artificial bee colony(DABC) algorithm is proposed for the flow shop scheduling problem with intermediate buffers(IBFSP) in order to minimize the maximum completion time(i.e makespan). The effecti...An effective discrete artificial bee colony(DABC) algorithm is proposed for the flow shop scheduling problem with intermediate buffers(IBFSP) in order to minimize the maximum completion time(i.e makespan). The effective combination of the insertion and swap operator is applied to producing neighborhood individual at the employed bee phase. The tournament selection is adopted to avoid falling into local optima, while, the optimized insert operator embeds in onlooker bee phase for further searching the neighborhood solution to enhance the local search ability of algorithm. The tournament selection with size 2 is again applied and a better selected solution will be performed destruction and construction of iterated greedy(IG) algorithm, and then the result replaces the worse one. Simulation results show that our algorithm has a better performance compared with the HDDE and CHS which were proposed recently. It provides the better known solutions for the makespan criterion to flow shop scheduling problem with limited buffers for the Car benchmark by Carlier and Rec benchmark by Reeves. The convergence curves show that the algorithm not only has faster convergence speed but also has better convergence value.展开更多
Different from traditional aggregation method, the unreliable buffers are originally considered and a more general aggregation method is offered, in which not only the unreliable buffers are considered, but also the p...Different from traditional aggregation method, the unreliable buffers are originally considered and a more general aggregation method is offered, in which not only the unreliable buffers are considered, but also the probabilities of system states are obtained by a discrete model rather than the continuous flow model of unreliable manufacturing systems. The solution technique is offered to get the system sate probabilities. The method advances the traditional system aggregation techniques. Numerical results specify the extended aggregation method and also show that the unreliable limited buffers have a strong impact on the efficiency of the production lines.展开更多
To detect the genome of viruses (in environmental and clinical samples), we use electrophoresis running buffer after PCR reaction. Also, electrophoresis buffers were used widely to separate any DNA molecule. In this p...To detect the genome of viruses (in environmental and clinical samples), we use electrophoresis running buffer after PCR reaction. Also, electrophoresis buffers were used widely to separate any DNA molecule. In this paper, we used four types of previously known electrophoresis buffers to compare which is easy for preparation, simple in structure, low cost and good performance in agarose gel electrophoresis. For this, we used two agarose concentration (1%, 2%) and two types of DNA ladder (100 bp, 1 kb) represent both smaller and larger sizes of molecule for each type of buffers, from the result we found in first level both supper buffer and TAE buffer with good performance and in second level we found bicarbonate buffer also with good performance also. Finally, we found the tang buffer cannot pose any electrophoretic activity on DNA agarose gel electrophoresis.展开更多
CeO2 and Ce0.8M0.2O2-d films （M = Mn, Y, Gd, Sm, Nd and La） with （00l） preferred orientation have been prepared on biaxially textured Ni-W substrates by metal organic decomposition （MOD） method. The factors infl...CeO2 and Ce0.8M0.2O2-d films （M = Mn, Y, Gd, Sm, Nd and La） with （00l） preferred orientation have been prepared on biaxially textured Ni-W substrates by metal organic decomposition （MOD） method. The factors influencing the formation of cracks on the surface of these CeO2 and doped CeO2 films on Ni-W substrates were explored by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） analysis, atomic force microscopy （AFM） and differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）. The results indicate that many factors, such as the change of the ionic radii of doping cations, the transformation of crystal structure and the formation of oxygen vacancies in lattices at high annealing temperature, may be related to the formation of cracks on the surface of these films. However, the crack formation shows no dependence on the crystal lattice mismatch degree of the films with Ni-W substrates. Moreover, the suppression of surface cracks is related to the change of intrinsic elasticity of CeO2 film with doping of cations with a larger radius. SEM and AFM investigations of Ce0.8M0.2O2-d （M = Y, Gd, Sm, Nd and La） films reveal the dense, smooth and crack-free microstructure, and their lattice parameters match well with that of YBCO, illuminating that they are potentially suitable to be as buffer layer, especially as cap layer in multi-layer architecture of buffer layer for coated conductors.展开更多
We study numerically Ca2+ release through single or clustered Inositol 1, 4, 5-Trisphosphate (IP3) receptor channels [1] on the ER membrane under the presence of buffer protein.
The unity gain buffer will be good to design high frequency SCF if its resistiveeffects can be eliminated,and therefore the whole parasitic sensitivities will greatly be reduced.On the basis of this concept,a novel pa...The unity gain buffer will be good to design high frequency SCF if its resistiveeffects can be eliminated,and therefore the whole parasitic sensitivities will greatly be reduced.On the basis of this concept,a novel parasitic tolerant SC DTE(differential transconductanceelement)is proposed.SC floating inductor and integrator fit for high frequency applications areformed by the DTE.The computer simulation and experiment on a third order elliptic LP filterverify its validity.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.52175490.
文摘The shop scheduling problem with limited buffers has broad applications in real-world production scenarios,so this research direction is of great practical significance.However,there is currently little research on the hybrid flow shop scheduling problem with limited buffers(LBHFSP).This paper deeply investigates the LBHFSP to optimize the goal of the total completion time.To better solve the LBHFSP,a multi-level subpopulation-based particle swarm optimization algorithm(MLPSO)is proposed,which is founded on the attributes of the LBHFSP and the shortcomings of the basic PSO(particle swarm optimization)algorithm.In MLPSO,firstly,considering the impact of the limited buffers on the process of subsequent operations,a specific circular decoding strategy is developed to accommodate the characteristics of limited buffers.Secondly,an initialization strategy based on blocking time is designed to enhance the quality and diversity of the initial population.Afterward,a multi-level subpopulation collaborative search is developed to prevent being trapped in a local optimum and improve the global exploration capability.Additionally,a local search strategy based on the first blocked job is designed to enhance the MLPSO algorithm’s exploitation capability.Lastly,numerous experiments are carried out to test the performance of the proposed MLPSO by comparing it with classical intelligent optimization and popular algorithms in recent years.The results confirm that the proposed MLPSO has an outstanding performance when compared to other algorithms when solving LBHFSP.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62305041)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(No.2023-MS-103)。
文摘Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy(STORM),as a typical technique of single-molecule localization microscopy(SMLM),has overcome the diffraction limit by randomly switching fluorophores between fluorescent and dark states,allowing for the precise localization of isolated emission patterns and the super-resolution reconstruction from millions of localized positions of single fluorophores.A critical factor influencing localization precision is the photo-switching behavior of fluorophores,which is affected by the imaging buffer.The imaging buffer typically comprises oxygen scavengers,photo-switching reagents,and refractive index regulators.Oxygen scavengers help prevent photobleaching,photo-switching reagents assist in facilitating the conversion of fluorophores,and refractive index regulators are used to adjust the refractive index of the solution.The synergistic interaction of these components promotes stable blinking of fluorophores,reduces irreversible photobleaching,and thereby ensures high-quality super-resolution imaging.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the essential compositions and functionalities of imaging buffers used in STORM,serving as a valuable resource for researchers seeking to select appropriate imaging buffers for their experiments.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFA1205801)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.T2225026 and 82172087)+1 种基金the Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars,Innovative Group Cultivation Project for Basic Medicine(No.CX25XT03)Laboratory for Clinical Medicine,Capital Medical University.
文摘Redox homeostasis is crucial for cellular function,and its disruption is associated with numerous diseases and age-related pathologies.Superoxide(·O_(2)-),a key reactive oxygen species(ROS),functions as a crucial signaling molecule under normal physiological processes;however,both its excessive accumulation and deficiency can lead to significant detrimental effects on organismal health.Inspired by the natural enzyme superoxide dismutase(SOD),which alleviates oxidative stress by neutralizing excess free radicals and modulates intracellular ROS levels to activate anti-aging pathways,we bioengineered a novel"superoxide buffering formulation"(SOD Buffer)to precisely regulate mitochondrial superoxide levels.Using C.elegans as a model,we show that SOD Buffer reduces superoxide accumulation under oxidative stress(e.g.,UV exposure)and restores superoxide levels under its depletion(e.g.,post-MitoQ treatment),without affecting general ROS level.Mechanistically,SOD Buffer modulates superoxide levels to activate the mitochondrial unfolded protein response(UPR^(mt)),evidenced by the increased HSP-6 expression.This activation is mediated by the transcription regulators ATFS-1 and DVE-1,which govern mitochondrial stress responses.Functionally,SOD Buffer extends average lifespan by 36.98% and improves aging-related behaviors in C.elegans in a UPR^(mt) dependent manner.These findings highlight the therapeutic promise of targeted superoxide modulation to maintain mitochondrial health and promote longevity.
文摘An algorithm of minimizing the number of buffers under certain delay constraint with accurate delay models is presented.Given a two-terminal net,the algorithm can minimize the total number of buffers inserted to meet the delay constraint.A high order delay model is applied to estimate interconnect delay and a nonlinear delay model based on look-up table is for buffer delay estimation.The experimental results show that the algorithm can efficiently achieve the trade-offs between number of buffers and delay,and avoid needless power and area cost.The running time is satisfactory.
基金Project supported by the Science Foundation of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Science and Technology （Grant Nos.055207041, 047062012）
文摘This paper presents a serial synchronous scanning mode in fiat panel display （FPD） by adding a latch buffer between the serializer and the driving buffer. Comparing with conventional techniques, the proposed structure can efficiently reduce the brightness loss and improve the transmission performance. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the ratio between the lightest weight display time and the relative transmission time is a tradeoff between brightness loss and transmission efficiency.
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 61176128)the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou Municipal Solar Cell Research Project,China (Grant No. SYG201145)
文摘Single-junction,lattice-mismatched In0.69Ga0.31As thermophotovoltaic（TPV） devices each with a bandgap of 0.6 eV are grown on InP substrate by metal-organic chemical vapour deposition（MOCVD）.Compositionally undulating stepgraded InAsyP1-y buffer layers with a lattice mismatch of ～1.2% are used to mitigate the effect of lattice mismatch between the device layers and the InP substrate.With an optimized buffer thickness,the In0.69Ga0.31As active layers grown on the buffer display a high crystal quality with no measurable tetragonal distortion.High-performance single-junction devices are demonstrated,with an open-circuit voltage of 0.215 V and a photovoltaic conversion efficiency of 6.9% at a short-circuit current density of 47.6 mA/cm2,which are measured under the standard solar simulator of air mass 1.5-global（AM 1.5 G）.
文摘The paper presents an algorithm for constructing geometric buffers for vector feature layers and dissolving those buffers using a sweep-line approach and vector algebra.The algorithm works by first constructing a geometric buffer for a vector feature layer,then dissolving each single geometric buffer for that feature layer,and finally dissolving the overlapping buffers of the entire layer.The algorithm has been implemented successfully in a commercial Geographical Information System software package.
基金supported by The Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program"Regional functional types and regionalization of ecological security"(Grant No.2019QZKK0406).
文摘Many studies have examined the effect of roads on landscape fragmentation.Yet they rarely considered local characteristics of the road and road buffer widths.Therefore,this study that took place in the Qingzang Highway(QH)examined the variations in road buffers and road sections of landscape fragmentation.The QH was divided into 32 sections with 23 buffer areas.Based on the indicators of landscape fragmentation from 1980 to 2018,we found significant spatial heterogeneity between sections and buffers.Generally,landscape fragmentation de-creased with increasing buffer distance to the QH.For different sections,the coefficients of variation between buffers were rather high and significantly different.Therefore,fixed-width buffers may overestimate or underes-timate the spatial scope and influence intensity of a road.The impacts of road sections around provincial capitals,prefecture-level cities and main counties on landscape fragmentation were relatively extensive and formed clus-ters of highly fragmented areas.Geodetector results indicated that natural and anthropogenic factors,such as altitude,climate,distance to major settlements and socioeconomic conditions,could well explain the spatiotem-poral characteristics of landscape fragmentation.Altitude,precipitation and the distance to major settlements had higher explanatory power for landscape fragmentation in permafrost regions,whereas slope and socioeconomic condition had higher explanatory power for non-permafrost regions in Xizang Autonomous Region.
基金Projects(61174040,61104178,61374136) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(12JC1403400) supported by Shanghai Commission of Science and Technology,ChinaProject supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China
文摘An effective discrete artificial bee colony(DABC) algorithm is proposed for the flow shop scheduling problem with intermediate buffers(IBFSP) in order to minimize the maximum completion time(i.e makespan). The effective combination of the insertion and swap operator is applied to producing neighborhood individual at the employed bee phase. The tournament selection is adopted to avoid falling into local optima, while, the optimized insert operator embeds in onlooker bee phase for further searching the neighborhood solution to enhance the local search ability of algorithm. The tournament selection with size 2 is again applied and a better selected solution will be performed destruction and construction of iterated greedy(IG) algorithm, and then the result replaces the worse one. Simulation results show that our algorithm has a better performance compared with the HDDE and CHS which were proposed recently. It provides the better known solutions for the makespan criterion to flow shop scheduling problem with limited buffers for the Car benchmark by Carlier and Rec benchmark by Reeves. The convergence curves show that the algorithm not only has faster convergence speed but also has better convergence value.
基金Great Technology Innovation of Gansu Province,China (No.2GS063-A52-005-01)Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province,China (No.3ZS062-B25-034)Research Item of Education Department of Gansu Province,China (No.0703-06)
文摘Different from traditional aggregation method, the unreliable buffers are originally considered and a more general aggregation method is offered, in which not only the unreliable buffers are considered, but also the probabilities of system states are obtained by a discrete model rather than the continuous flow model of unreliable manufacturing systems. The solution technique is offered to get the system sate probabilities. The method advances the traditional system aggregation techniques. Numerical results specify the extended aggregation method and also show that the unreliable limited buffers have a strong impact on the efficiency of the production lines.
文摘To detect the genome of viruses (in environmental and clinical samples), we use electrophoresis running buffer after PCR reaction. Also, electrophoresis buffers were used widely to separate any DNA molecule. In this paper, we used four types of previously known electrophoresis buffers to compare which is easy for preparation, simple in structure, low cost and good performance in agarose gel electrophoresis. For this, we used two agarose concentration (1%, 2%) and two types of DNA ladder (100 bp, 1 kb) represent both smaller and larger sizes of molecule for each type of buffers, from the result we found in first level both supper buffer and TAE buffer with good performance and in second level we found bicarbonate buffer also with good performance also. Finally, we found the tang buffer cannot pose any electrophoretic activity on DNA agarose gel electrophoresis.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational 863 Program of China(Nos.50872115and2009AA03Z203)
文摘CeO2 and Ce0.8M0.2O2-d films （M = Mn, Y, Gd, Sm, Nd and La） with （00l） preferred orientation have been prepared on biaxially textured Ni-W substrates by metal organic decomposition （MOD） method. The factors influencing the formation of cracks on the surface of these CeO2 and doped CeO2 films on Ni-W substrates were explored by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） analysis, atomic force microscopy （AFM） and differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）. The results indicate that many factors, such as the change of the ionic radii of doping cations, the transformation of crystal structure and the formation of oxygen vacancies in lattices at high annealing temperature, may be related to the formation of cracks on the surface of these films. However, the crack formation shows no dependence on the crystal lattice mismatch degree of the films with Ni-W substrates. Moreover, the suppression of surface cracks is related to the change of intrinsic elasticity of CeO2 film with doping of cations with a larger radius. SEM and AFM investigations of Ce0.8M0.2O2-d （M = Y, Gd, Sm, Nd and La） films reveal the dense, smooth and crack-free microstructure, and their lattice parameters match well with that of YBCO, illuminating that they are potentially suitable to be as buffer layer, especially as cap layer in multi-layer architecture of buffer layer for coated conductors.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 10775114
文摘We study numerically Ca2+ release through single or clustered Inositol 1, 4, 5-Trisphosphate (IP3) receptor channels [1] on the ER membrane under the presence of buffer protein.
文摘The unity gain buffer will be good to design high frequency SCF if its resistiveeffects can be eliminated,and therefore the whole parasitic sensitivities will greatly be reduced.On the basis of this concept,a novel parasitic tolerant SC DTE(differential transconductanceelement)is proposed.SC floating inductor and integrator fit for high frequency applications areformed by the DTE.The computer simulation and experiment on a third order elliptic LP filterverify its validity.
