Objective: To investigate the efficacy of multidimensional protective nursing interventions in reducing occupational exposure risks to hydrofluoric acid in dental departments. Methods: The study was conducted between ...Objective: To investigate the efficacy of multidimensional protective nursing interventions in reducing occupational exposure risks to hydrofluoric acid in dental departments. Methods: The study was conducted between January 2024 and January 2025, involving 60 healthcare workers who were randomly assigned to groups. The control group (n = 30) received conventional occupational protective nursing care, while the observation group underwent multidimensional protective nursing interventions. Results: Following intervention, the observation group demonstrated significantly higher scores than the control group in knowledge of hydrofluoric acid occupational exposure, occupational exposure risk perception, and protective skill operation (p < 0.05). Emergency response capability scores and protective behavior implementation scores were also higher in the observation group (p < 0.05). Compared to the control group, the observation group exhibited higher occupational health satisfaction rates and lower occupational exposure incidence rates (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Multidimensional protective nursing interventions effectively enhance dental healthcare personnel’s awareness and protective capabilities regarding hydrofluoric acid occupational exposure, improve compliance with protective measures, and significantly reduce occupational exposure risks. This approach warrants promotion and application in occupational protective nursing interventions within dental departments.展开更多
Succinonitrile(SN)-based polymer plastic crystal electrolytes(PPCEs)are regarded as promising candidates for lithium metal batteries but suffer from serious side reactions with Li metal.Herein,we propose a multi-dimen...Succinonitrile(SN)-based polymer plastic crystal electrolytes(PPCEs)are regarded as promising candidates for lithium metal batteries but suffer from serious side reactions with Li metal.Herein,we propose a multi-dimensional optimization strategy to alleviate the side reactions between SN and Li metal,and develop a highly stable poly-vinylethylene carbonate-based PPCE(PPCE-VEC).Moreover,we identify the intrinsic factors of multi-dimensional polymer structures on the electrolyte stability by three typical classes of polyesters.The PPCE-VEC constructed by in situ polymerization exhibits much better stability than poly-vinylene carbonate-based PPCE(PPCE-VCA)and poly-trifluoroethyl acrylate-based PPCE(PPCE-TFA),which is verified by its fewer SN-decomposition species in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and outstanding full cell performance.The PPCE-VEC-enabled LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_(2)full cell achieve 73.7%capacity retention after 1400 cycles,which outperforms PPCE-VCA-and PPCE-TFA-enabled full cells(61.9%and 46.9%).Spectral analysis and theoretical calculation reveal that the high solvation ability of the carbonyl site,flexible polymer chain,and homogeneous electrolyte phase of PPCE-VEC are favorable to maximizing competition coordination with Li^(+)to weaken the Li^(+)–SN binding and shape an anion-rich solvation structure.This optimized polymer-involved Li^(+)solvation enhances SN stability and facilitates the formation of B/F enriched solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI),thus significantly improving PPCE stability.展开更多
Objective To report the development,validation,and findings of the Multi-dimensional Attention Rating Scale(MARS),a self-report tool crafted to evaluate six-dimension attention levels.Methods The MARS was developed ba...Objective To report the development,validation,and findings of the Multi-dimensional Attention Rating Scale(MARS),a self-report tool crafted to evaluate six-dimension attention levels.Methods The MARS was developed based on Classical Test Theory(CTT).Totally 202 highly educated healthy adult participants were recruited for reliability and validity tests.Reliability was measured using Cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability.Structural validity was explored using principal component analysis.Criterion validity was analyzed by correlating MARS scores with the Toronto Hospital Alertness Test(THAT),the Attentional Control Scale(ACS),and the Attention Network Test(ANT).Results The MARS comprises 12 items spanning six distinct dimensions of attention:focused attention,sustained attention,shifting attention,selective attention,divided attention,and response inhibition.As assessed by six experts,the content validation index(CVI)was 0.95,the Cronbach's alpha for the MARS was 0.78,and the test-retest reliability was 0.81.Four factors were identified(cumulative variance contribution rate 68.79%).The total score of MARS was correlated positively with THAT(r=0.60,P<0.01)and ACS(r=0.78,P<0.01)and negatively with ANT's reaction time for alerting(r=−0.31,P=0.049).Conclusion The MARS can reliably and validly assess six-dimension attention levels in real-world settings and is expected to be a new tool for assessing multi-dimensional attention impairments in different mental disorders.展开更多
A composite anti-disturbance predictive control strategy employing a Multi-dimensional Taylor Network(MTN)is presented for unmanned systems subject to time-delay and multi-source disturbances.First,the multi-source di...A composite anti-disturbance predictive control strategy employing a Multi-dimensional Taylor Network(MTN)is presented for unmanned systems subject to time-delay and multi-source disturbances.First,the multi-source disturbances are addressed according to their specific characteristics as follows:(A)an MTN data-driven model,which is used for uncertainty description,is designed accompanied with the mechanism model to represent the unmanned systems;(B)an adaptive MTN filter is used to remove the influence of the internal disturbance;(C)an MTN disturbance observer is constructed to estimate and compensate for the influence of the external disturbance;(D)the Extended Kalman Filter(EKF)algorithm is utilized as the learning mechanism for MTNs.Second,to address the time-delay effect,a recursiveτstep-ahead MTN predictive model is designed utilizing recursive technology,aiming to mitigate the impact of time-delay,and the EKF algorithm is employed as its learning mechanism.Then,the MTN predictive control law is designed based on the quadratic performance index.By implementing the proposed composite controller to unmanned systems,simultaneous feedforward compensation and feedback suppression to the multi-source disturbances are conducted.Finally,the convergence of the MTN and the stability of the closed-loop system are established utilizing the Lyapunov theorem.Two exemplary applications of unmanned systems involving unmanned vehicle and rigid spacecraft are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.展开更多
Aiming at the concept of ＂diagnosis＂, a simple and effective broadband radar cross section （RCS） measurement system is constructed, and some multi-dimensional scattering properties diagnosis techniques are present...Aiming at the concept of ＂diagnosis＂, a simple and effective broadband radar cross section （RCS） measurement system is constructed, and some multi-dimensional scattering properties diagnosis techniques are presented based on the system. Firstly, a stepped-frequency signal is employed to achieve high range resolution, combining with a variety of signal processing tech- niques. Secondly, cross-range resolution is gained with a rotating table, and the high-resolution two-dimensional （2-D） imaging of the scale model is obtained by the microwave imaging theory. Finally, two receiving antennas with a small distance in altitude are used, and the three-dimensional （3-D） height distribution of scattering points on the scale model is extracted from the phase of images. Some typical bodies and a scale aircraft model are diagnosed in an anechoic chamber. The experimental results show that, after scaling with a metal sphere, the accurate one- dimensional （l-D） RCS pattern of the model is obtained, and it has a large dynamic range. When the bandwidth of the transmitting signal is 4 GHz, the resolution of the 2-D image can reach to 0.037 5 m. The 3-D height distribution of scattering points is given by interferometric measurement. This paper provides a feasible way to obtain high-precision scattering properties parameters of the scale aircraft model in a conventional rectangular anechoic chamber.展开更多
The ancient tacit knowledge behind the logic system permeated the culture and promoted numerous impactful inventions throughout the history. Traditional Chinese medicine with its effectiveness should also have stemmed...The ancient tacit knowledge behind the logic system permeated the culture and promoted numerous impactful inventions throughout the history. Traditional Chinese medicine with its effectiveness should also have stemmed out from such logic system. This article aims to rearticulate the underlying lucid multi-dimensional logic system, which faded in obscurity only because of time-out loss of the mid-right concept. Retracing this past tacit but important concept could uncover a multi-dimensional system over a point relating to all matters while capturing the central core of the matter. The seemingly unmanageable multidimensional logic was strengthened by verification processes which affirmed its further extensions, and made up the language of the people, the concepts of yin-yang(阴阳), and the development of extensions of Ba Gua(八卦) derivatives, which furthered the interpretation of the space-time properties and Chinese medicine.展开更多
Stress accumulation is a key factor leading to sodium storage performance deterioration for NiSe_(2)-based anodes.Therefore,inhibiting the concentrated local stress during the sodiataion/desodiation process is crucial...Stress accumulation is a key factor leading to sodium storage performance deterioration for NiSe_(2)-based anodes.Therefore,inhibiting the concentrated local stress during the sodiataion/desodiation process is crucial for acquiring stable NiSe2-based materials for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs),Herein,a stress dissipation strategy driven by architecture engineering is proposed,which can achieve ultrafast and ultralong sodium storage properties.Different from the conventional sphere-like or rod-like architecture,the three-dimensional(3D)flower-like NiSe_(2)@C composite is delicately designed and assembled with onedimensional nanorods and carbon framework.More importantly,the fundamental mechanism of improved structure stability is unveiled by simulations and experimental results simultaneously.It demonstrates that this designed multidimensional flower-like architecture with dispersed nanorods can balance the structural mismatch,avoid concentrated local strain,and relax the internal stress,mainly induced by the unavoidable volume variation during the repeated conversion processes.Moreover,it can provide more Na^(+)-storage sites and multi-directional migration pathways,leading to a fast Na^(+)-migration channel with boosted reaction kinetic.As expected,it delivers superior rate performance(441 mA h g^(-1)at 5.0 A g^(-1))and long cycling stability(563 mA h g^(-1)at 1.0 A g^(-1)over 1000 cycles)for SIBs.This work provides useful insights for designing high-performance conversion-based anode materials for SIBs.展开更多
This paper explores whole-process engineering consulting,including its application models in public buildings and elderly-friendly projects,such as service integration and whole lifecycle management.It also addresses ...This paper explores whole-process engineering consulting,including its application models in public buildings and elderly-friendly projects,such as service integration and whole lifecycle management.It also addresses the construction of multi-dimensional collaborative theoretical models,public space streamline organization,and other aspects,emphasizing the importance of multi-dimensional collaboration.Additionally,it highlights the role of talent cultivation and digital transformation in enhancing project efficiency.展开更多
The multi-dimensional interactive teaching model significantly enhances the effectiveness of college English instruction by emphasizing dynamic engagement between teachers and students,as well as among students themse...The multi-dimensional interactive teaching model significantly enhances the effectiveness of college English instruction by emphasizing dynamic engagement between teachers and students,as well as among students themselves.This paper explores practical strategies for implementing this model,focusing on four key aspects:deepening teachers’understanding of the model through continuous learning,innovating interactive methods such as questioning techniques and practical activities,leveraging modern technology to integrate resources and track learning progress,and establishing a communication platform that centers on student participation.By adopting these approaches,the model fosters a student-centered classroom environment,improves comprehensive English application skills,and optimizes overall teaching quality.展开更多
During the critical transformation period of landscape architecture major after the adjustment of disciplinary structure and the changes in market demand,private colleges and universities,as important places for culti...During the critical transformation period of landscape architecture major after the adjustment of disciplinary structure and the changes in market demand,private colleges and universities,as important places for cultivating local talents,have pain points such as uneven quality of teachers and students and weak innovation and practice.The practice system with“multi-dimensional Integration”integrates four dimensions:interdisciplinary integration,spatial and temporal intersection,historical inheritance,and behavioral activity,deepens the disciplinary connotation,and integrates the three elements of nature,humanity,and technology,aiming to provide a new path for private colleges and universities to cultivate application-oriented and compound talents with innovative capabilities.In terms of optimizing talent cultivation and adapting to industry changes,this system provides thinking and reference for landscape architecture major,helping the major reshape its core competitiveness and promoting educational innovation and industry development.展开更多
This paper proposes a reliability evaluation model for a multi-dimensional network system,which has potential to be applied to the internet of things or other practical networks.A multi-dimensional network system with...This paper proposes a reliability evaluation model for a multi-dimensional network system,which has potential to be applied to the internet of things or other practical networks.A multi-dimensional network system with one source element and multiple sink elements is considered first.Each element can con-nect with other elements within a stochastic connection ranges.The system is regarded as successful as long as the source ele-ment remains connected with all sink elements.An importance measure is proposed to evaluate the performance of non-source elements.Furthermore,to calculate the system reliability and the element importance measure,a multi-valued decision diagram based approach is structured and its complexity is analyzed.Finally,a numerical example about the signal transfer station system is illustrated to analyze the system reliability and the ele-ment importance measure.展开更多
Constructing multi-dimensional hydrogen bond(H-bond)regulated single-molecule systems with multiemission remains a challenge.Herein,we report the design of a new excited-state intramolecular proton transfer(ESIPT)feat...Constructing multi-dimensional hydrogen bond(H-bond)regulated single-molecule systems with multiemission remains a challenge.Herein,we report the design of a new excited-state intramolecular proton transfer(ESIPT)featured chromophore(HBT-DPI)that shows flexible emission tunability via the multidimensional regulation of intra-and intermolecular H-bonds.The feature of switchable intramolecular Hbonds is induced via incorporating several hydrogen bond acceptors and donors into one single HBT-DPI molecule,allowing the“turn on/off”of ESIPT process by forming isomers with distinct intramolecular Hbonds configurations.In response to different external H-bonding environments,the obtained four types of crystal/cocrystals vary in the contents of isomers and the molecular packing modes,which are mainly guided by the intermolecular H-bonds,exhibiting non-emissive features or emissions ranging from green to orange.Utilizing the feature of intermolecular H-bond guided molecular packing,we demonstrate the utility of this fluorescent material for visualizing hydrophobic/hydrophilic areas on large-scale heterogeneous surfaces of modified poly(1,1-difluoroethylene)(PVDF)membranes and quantitatively estimating the surface hydrophobicity,providing a new approach for hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity monitoring and measurement.Overall,this study represents a new design strategy for constructing multi-dimensional hydrogen bond regulated ESIPT-based fluorescent materials that enable multiple emissions and unique applications.展开更多
To break the limitations of the multi-dimensional(M-D)vibration isolation(VI)platforms with the Stewart-Gough design,such as strongly coupling motions,excessive friction in connections,heavy weight,and limited workspa...To break the limitations of the multi-dimensional(M-D)vibration isolation(VI)platforms with the Stewart-Gough design,such as strongly coupling motions,excessive friction in connections,heavy weight,and limited workspace,this study processes a novel platform integrated by a stiffness-adjustable origami spring sub-structure and a parallel mechanism.The origami-based stiffness-adjustable spring realizes low-frequency VI,and the parallel mechanism symmetry design realizes motions decoupling.In the origami-based sub-leg,the parallel-stack-assembly(PSA)design mechanism with two Miura origami configurations is proposed to generate a symmetrical negative stiffness property.Paired with a linear positive stiffness spring,the origami-based sub-leg has wide-amplitude-high-static-low-dynamic stiffness(WA-HSLDS)characteristics in one direction.Then,with construction of the parallel mechanism connected with origami-based sub-legs,an M-D VI platform is achieved,whose motions in the vertical direction and yaw direction are decoupled with the motions in the other directions.Based on the dynamic model and incremental harmonic balance(IHB)with the arc-length continuation method,appropriate structural parameters in the parallel mechanism part are figured out,and the accurate transmissibility in different directions is defined,which gives the parametric influencing investigations for realization of low-frequency VI performances.Finally,experiments are conducted to validate the accuracy and feasibility of the theoretical methods,and to demonstrate the performance of M-D low-frequency isolation with load-carrying capacity of the proposed VI platform.The integration of the origami into the parallel mechanism results in a compact,efficient,and flexible platform with nonlinear adjustability,offering new possibilities for lightweight M-D VI,and developing the practical applications in high-precision platforms in ocean and aerospace environments.展开更多
We propose a novel fast numerical calculation method for the Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction integral,which is developed based on the existing scaled convolution method.This approach enables fast cal-culations for gen...We propose a novel fast numerical calculation method for the Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction integral,which is developed based on the existing scaled convolution method.This approach enables fast cal-culations for general cases of off-axis scenarios where the sampling intervals and numbers of the input and observation planes are unequal.Additionally,it allows for arbitrary adjustment of the sampling interval of the impulse response function,facilitating a manual trade-off between computational load and accuracy.The er-rors associated with this method,which is equivalent to interpolation,primarily arise from the discontinuities of the sampling matrix of the impulse response function on its boundaries of periodic extension.To address this issue,we propose the concept of the padding function and its construction method,and evaluate its ef-fectiveness in enhancing computational accuracy.The feasibility of the proposed method is verified by nu-merical simulation and compared with the direct integration DI-method in a simplified scenario.It shows that the proposed method has good computational accuracy for the general case where the sampling interval of the input and observation plane is not equal under non-near-field diffraction,and when the diffraction distance is large,although the computational accuracy of the proposed method cannot exceed that of the DI-method,the computational amount can be significantly reduced with almost no effect on the computational accuracy.This method provides a general numerical calculation scheme of diffraction in the non-near field case for areas such as computational holography.展开更多
Arbitration is a key non-litigation commercial mechanism for the resolution of disputes, and the quality and credibility of its awards depend largely on the competency of the arbitrators. However, the selection and ev...Arbitration is a key non-litigation commercial mechanism for the resolution of disputes, and the quality and credibility of its awards depend largely on the competency of the arbitrators. However, the selection and evaluation systems for arbitrators in China have long faced challenges such as the vague criteria for competency and an unclear professionalization path for arbitrators. To address these issues, this study is grounded in the context of actual Chinese arbitration practice and based on the competency iceberg model. Through a methodological approach encompassing literature reviews, behavioral event interviews, expert revisions, and questionnaire surveys, a Chinese Arbitrator Competency Scale was developed and validated in this study. Examination of the findings indicated that the scale needed to consist of five dimensions—communication and coordination, cognitive skills, ethical conduct, work motivation, and personality traits—and possess a total of 28 specific indicators. Confirmatory analysis of the factors demonstrates a good fit for the five-dimensional model, with each of the dimensions exhibiting high reliability and validity. This scale is innovative in integrating the competency elements with Chinese characteristics, such as commercial acumen, crosscultural mediation skills, and adaptability to the local rule of law. This research not only enriches the competency theory in regard to the field of human resource management but also provides a scientific framework of standards and measurement tools for the selection, training, and evaluation of arbitrators. It thus has significant practical value for enhancing the professionalism and international competitiveness of China's arbitration system.展开更多
The combustion and detonation processes of energetic materials exhibit remarkable complexity and ultra-fast transient characteristics.While reactive molecular dynamics has been extensively employed to investigate the ...The combustion and detonation processes of energetic materials exhibit remarkable complexity and ultra-fast transient characteristics.While reactive molecular dynamics has been extensively employed to investigate the reaction dynamics of energetic materials,its utility is often constrained to capturing only fundamental reaction events and species information,thereby limiting mechanistic investigations of complex reaction pathways.To elucidate the topological features of energetic material reaction networks and identify critical reaction pathways with high fidelity,this study presents ReacNetwork-an advanced large-scale reaction network analysis methodology that synergistically integrates complex network theory with molecular simulation techniques.Specifically,we have developed a multi-dimensional feature screening protocol based on node centrality metrics and K-shell decomposition algorithms.Takingα-Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine(α-RDX)as the subject,we successfully constructed a comprehensive high-temperature thermal decomposition reaction network consisting of 1,134 distinct chemical species and 3,626 elementary reactions.Through systematic application of community detection algorithms and global topological feature extraction techniques,we achieved effective dimensionality reduction and successfully identified the dominant reaction pathway within theα-RDX thermal decomposition network.The computational results not only validate the well-established initial reaction mechanism dominated by N-NO2 homolytic bond cleavage,but also provide unprecedented visualization ofα-RDX framework ring-opening dynamics and subsequent radical chain propagation networks.展开更多
Investigating urban spatial structures(USSs)and their influencing factors at different spatial scales is crucial for promoting sustainable urban transformation.Based on nighttime light datasets and the Herfindahl-Hirs...Investigating urban spatial structures(USSs)and their influencing factors at different spatial scales is crucial for promoting sustainable urban transformation.Based on nighttime light datasets and the Herfindahl-Hirschman index(HHI),this study analyzes USS characteristics in China from 2007 to 2023 on two spatial scales-prefecture-level cities and urban agglomerations.It also explores structural influencing factors,including the economy,infrastructure,society,and government intervention.We find that:(1)HHI values for both cities and urban agglomerations exhibit a decreasing trend,indicating a USS for both that is evolving toward polycentricity;(2)economic development promotes a polycentric structure at both spatial scales,whereas government intervention drives a monocentric structure;and(3)postal and communication infrastructure have conflicting effects on USSs,encouraging a monocentric structure at the city scale but fostering polycentricity at the urban agglomeration scale.展开更多
Northeast China serves as an important crop production region.Accurately forecasting summer precipitation in Northeast China(NEC-PR)has been a challenge due to its wide range of time scales influenced by varying clima...Northeast China serves as an important crop production region.Accurately forecasting summer precipitation in Northeast China(NEC-PR)has been a challenge due to its wide range of time scales influenced by varying climatic conditions.This study presents a scale separation hybrid statistical model with recurrent neural network(SS-RNN)to predict the summer monthly NEC-PR.The SS-RNN model decomposes the multiple scales of the NEC-PR into several spatiotemporal intrinsic mode functions covering annual to decadal time scales.This strategy provides a way to derive appropriate predictors and establish predictive models for the primary spatial modes of the NEC-PR at various time scales.Our results demonstrate substantial improvements by the SS-RNN model in predicting the summer monthly NEC-PR as compared with dynamic models,particularly in predicting the spatial pattern of the NEC-PR.In this paper we take August,the month of the highest NEC-PR,to assess our model skill.Independent forecasts of the August NEC-PR over the period 2021–24 achieve significant spatial anomaly correlation coefficients,reaching a maximum value of 0.83.Additional verifications by station observations show that the model hits most station anomalies,achieving a mean predictive skill score of 90.展开更多
Thermal storage electric heating(TSEH),as a prevalent variable load resource,offers significant potential for enhancing system flexibility when aggregated into a cluster.To address the uncertainties of renewable energ...Thermal storage electric heating(TSEH),as a prevalent variable load resource,offers significant potential for enhancing system flexibility when aggregated into a cluster.To address the uncertainties of renewable energy and load forecasting in active distribution networks(ADN),this paper proposes a multi-timescale coordinated optimal dispatch strategy that incorporates TSEH clusters.It utilizes the thermal storage characteristics and short-term regulation capabilities of TSEH,along with the rapid and gradual response characteristics of resources in active distribution grids,to develop a coordinated optimization dispatch mechanism for day-ahead,intraday,and real-time stages.It provides a coordinated optimized dispatch technique across several timescales for active distribution grids,taking into account the integration of TSEH clusters.The proposed method is validated on a modified IEEE 33-node system.Simulation results demonstrate that the participation of TSEH in collaborative optimization significantly reduces the total system operating cost by 8.71%compared to the scenario without TSEH.This cost reduction is attributed to a 10.84%decrease in interaction costs with the main grid and a 47.41%reduction in network loss costs,validating effective peak shaving and valley filling.The multi-timescale framework further enhances economic efficiency,with overall operating costs progressively decreasing by 3.91%(intraday)and 4.59%(real-time),and interaction costs further reduced by 5.34%and 9.25%,respectively.Moreover,the approach enhances system stability by effectively suppressing node voltage fluctuations and ensuring all voltages remain within safe operating limits during real-time operation.Therefore,the proposed approach achieves rational coordination of diverse resources,significantly improving the economic efficiency and stability of ADNs.展开更多
基金Construction of Standardized Protective Nursing Plan for Hydrofluoric Acid Operations in Dentistry and Research on Injury Prevention Effects(Project No.:FZ2025101)。
文摘Objective: To investigate the efficacy of multidimensional protective nursing interventions in reducing occupational exposure risks to hydrofluoric acid in dental departments. Methods: The study was conducted between January 2024 and January 2025, involving 60 healthcare workers who were randomly assigned to groups. The control group (n = 30) received conventional occupational protective nursing care, while the observation group underwent multidimensional protective nursing interventions. Results: Following intervention, the observation group demonstrated significantly higher scores than the control group in knowledge of hydrofluoric acid occupational exposure, occupational exposure risk perception, and protective skill operation (p < 0.05). Emergency response capability scores and protective behavior implementation scores were also higher in the observation group (p < 0.05). Compared to the control group, the observation group exhibited higher occupational health satisfaction rates and lower occupational exposure incidence rates (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Multidimensional protective nursing interventions effectively enhance dental healthcare personnel’s awareness and protective capabilities regarding hydrofluoric acid occupational exposure, improve compliance with protective measures, and significantly reduce occupational exposure risks. This approach warrants promotion and application in occupational protective nursing interventions within dental departments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22072048)the Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology(2021A1515010128 and 2022A0505050013).
文摘Succinonitrile(SN)-based polymer plastic crystal electrolytes(PPCEs)are regarded as promising candidates for lithium metal batteries but suffer from serious side reactions with Li metal.Herein,we propose a multi-dimensional optimization strategy to alleviate the side reactions between SN and Li metal,and develop a highly stable poly-vinylethylene carbonate-based PPCE(PPCE-VEC).Moreover,we identify the intrinsic factors of multi-dimensional polymer structures on the electrolyte stability by three typical classes of polyesters.The PPCE-VEC constructed by in situ polymerization exhibits much better stability than poly-vinylene carbonate-based PPCE(PPCE-VCA)and poly-trifluoroethyl acrylate-based PPCE(PPCE-TFA),which is verified by its fewer SN-decomposition species in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and outstanding full cell performance.The PPCE-VEC-enabled LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_(2)full cell achieve 73.7%capacity retention after 1400 cycles,which outperforms PPCE-VCA-and PPCE-TFA-enabled full cells(61.9%and 46.9%).Spectral analysis and theoretical calculation reveal that the high solvation ability of the carbonyl site,flexible polymer chain,and homogeneous electrolyte phase of PPCE-VEC are favorable to maximizing competition coordination with Li^(+)to weaken the Li^(+)–SN binding and shape an anion-rich solvation structure.This optimized polymer-involved Li^(+)solvation enhances SN stability and facilitates the formation of B/F enriched solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI),thus significantly improving PPCE stability.
文摘Objective To report the development,validation,and findings of the Multi-dimensional Attention Rating Scale(MARS),a self-report tool crafted to evaluate six-dimension attention levels.Methods The MARS was developed based on Classical Test Theory(CTT).Totally 202 highly educated healthy adult participants were recruited for reliability and validity tests.Reliability was measured using Cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability.Structural validity was explored using principal component analysis.Criterion validity was analyzed by correlating MARS scores with the Toronto Hospital Alertness Test(THAT),the Attentional Control Scale(ACS),and the Attention Network Test(ANT).Results The MARS comprises 12 items spanning six distinct dimensions of attention:focused attention,sustained attention,shifting attention,selective attention,divided attention,and response inhibition.As assessed by six experts,the content validation index(CVI)was 0.95,the Cronbach's alpha for the MARS was 0.78,and the test-retest reliability was 0.81.Four factors were identified(cumulative variance contribution rate 68.79%).The total score of MARS was correlated positively with THAT(r=0.60,P<0.01)and ACS(r=0.78,P<0.01)and negatively with ANT's reaction time for alerting(r=−0.31,P=0.049).Conclusion The MARS can reliably and validly assess six-dimension attention levels in real-world settings and is expected to be a new tool for assessing multi-dimensional attention impairments in different mental disorders.
基金co-supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFB4704400)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LQ24F030012)the National Natural Science Foundation of China General Project(No.62373033)。
文摘A composite anti-disturbance predictive control strategy employing a Multi-dimensional Taylor Network(MTN)is presented for unmanned systems subject to time-delay and multi-source disturbances.First,the multi-source disturbances are addressed according to their specific characteristics as follows:(A)an MTN data-driven model,which is used for uncertainty description,is designed accompanied with the mechanism model to represent the unmanned systems;(B)an adaptive MTN filter is used to remove the influence of the internal disturbance;(C)an MTN disturbance observer is constructed to estimate and compensate for the influence of the external disturbance;(D)the Extended Kalman Filter(EKF)algorithm is utilized as the learning mechanism for MTNs.Second,to address the time-delay effect,a recursiveτstep-ahead MTN predictive model is designed utilizing recursive technology,aiming to mitigate the impact of time-delay,and the EKF algorithm is employed as its learning mechanism.Then,the MTN predictive control law is designed based on the quadratic performance index.By implementing the proposed composite controller to unmanned systems,simultaneous feedforward compensation and feedback suppression to the multi-source disturbances are conducted.Finally,the convergence of the MTN and the stability of the closed-loop system are established utilizing the Lyapunov theorem.Two exemplary applications of unmanned systems involving unmanned vehicle and rigid spacecraft are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(6120132061371023)
文摘Aiming at the concept of ＂diagnosis＂, a simple and effective broadband radar cross section （RCS） measurement system is constructed, and some multi-dimensional scattering properties diagnosis techniques are presented based on the system. Firstly, a stepped-frequency signal is employed to achieve high range resolution, combining with a variety of signal processing tech- niques. Secondly, cross-range resolution is gained with a rotating table, and the high-resolution two-dimensional （2-D） imaging of the scale model is obtained by the microwave imaging theory. Finally, two receiving antennas with a small distance in altitude are used, and the three-dimensional （3-D） height distribution of scattering points on the scale model is extracted from the phase of images. Some typical bodies and a scale aircraft model are diagnosed in an anechoic chamber. The experimental results show that, after scaling with a metal sphere, the accurate one- dimensional （l-D） RCS pattern of the model is obtained, and it has a large dynamic range. When the bandwidth of the transmitting signal is 4 GHz, the resolution of the 2-D image can reach to 0.037 5 m. The 3-D height distribution of scattering points is given by interferometric measurement. This paper provides a feasible way to obtain high-precision scattering properties parameters of the scale aircraft model in a conventional rectangular anechoic chamber.
文摘The ancient tacit knowledge behind the logic system permeated the culture and promoted numerous impactful inventions throughout the history. Traditional Chinese medicine with its effectiveness should also have stemmed out from such logic system. This article aims to rearticulate the underlying lucid multi-dimensional logic system, which faded in obscurity only because of time-out loss of the mid-right concept. Retracing this past tacit but important concept could uncover a multi-dimensional system over a point relating to all matters while capturing the central core of the matter. The seemingly unmanageable multidimensional logic was strengthened by verification processes which affirmed its further extensions, and made up the language of the people, the concepts of yin-yang(阴阳), and the development of extensions of Ba Gua(八卦) derivatives, which furthered the interpretation of the space-time properties and Chinese medicine.
基金the financial support from the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(grant no.2021GXNSFDA075012,2023GXNSFGA026002)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52104298,22075073,52362027,52462029)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(531107051077).
文摘Stress accumulation is a key factor leading to sodium storage performance deterioration for NiSe_(2)-based anodes.Therefore,inhibiting the concentrated local stress during the sodiataion/desodiation process is crucial for acquiring stable NiSe2-based materials for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs),Herein,a stress dissipation strategy driven by architecture engineering is proposed,which can achieve ultrafast and ultralong sodium storage properties.Different from the conventional sphere-like or rod-like architecture,the three-dimensional(3D)flower-like NiSe_(2)@C composite is delicately designed and assembled with onedimensional nanorods and carbon framework.More importantly,the fundamental mechanism of improved structure stability is unveiled by simulations and experimental results simultaneously.It demonstrates that this designed multidimensional flower-like architecture with dispersed nanorods can balance the structural mismatch,avoid concentrated local strain,and relax the internal stress,mainly induced by the unavoidable volume variation during the repeated conversion processes.Moreover,it can provide more Na^(+)-storage sites and multi-directional migration pathways,leading to a fast Na^(+)-migration channel with boosted reaction kinetic.As expected,it delivers superior rate performance(441 mA h g^(-1)at 5.0 A g^(-1))and long cycling stability(563 mA h g^(-1)at 1.0 A g^(-1)over 1000 cycles)for SIBs.This work provides useful insights for designing high-performance conversion-based anode materials for SIBs.
文摘This paper explores whole-process engineering consulting,including its application models in public buildings and elderly-friendly projects,such as service integration and whole lifecycle management.It also addresses the construction of multi-dimensional collaborative theoretical models,public space streamline organization,and other aspects,emphasizing the importance of multi-dimensional collaboration.Additionally,it highlights the role of talent cultivation and digital transformation in enhancing project efficiency.
文摘The multi-dimensional interactive teaching model significantly enhances the effectiveness of college English instruction by emphasizing dynamic engagement between teachers and students,as well as among students themselves.This paper explores practical strategies for implementing this model,focusing on four key aspects:deepening teachers’understanding of the model through continuous learning,innovating interactive methods such as questioning techniques and practical activities,leveraging modern technology to integrate resources and track learning progress,and establishing a communication platform that centers on student participation.By adopting these approaches,the model fosters a student-centered classroom environment,improves comprehensive English application skills,and optimizes overall teaching quality.
基金Sponsored by the Quality Engineering Project of Education Department of Anhui Province(2022jyxm671)Research Team Project of Anhui Xinhua University(kytd202202)+1 种基金Key Project of Scientific Research(Natural Science)of Higher Education Institutions in Anhui Province(2022AH051861)Teaching Reform Research and Practice Quality Engineering Project of Anhui Xinhua University(2024jy035).
文摘During the critical transformation period of landscape architecture major after the adjustment of disciplinary structure and the changes in market demand,private colleges and universities,as important places for cultivating local talents,have pain points such as uneven quality of teachers and students and weak innovation and practice.The practice system with“multi-dimensional Integration”integrates four dimensions:interdisciplinary integration,spatial and temporal intersection,historical inheritance,and behavioral activity,deepens the disciplinary connotation,and integrates the three elements of nature,humanity,and technology,aiming to provide a new path for private colleges and universities to cultivate application-oriented and compound talents with innovative capabilities.In terms of optimizing talent cultivation and adapting to industry changes,this system provides thinking and reference for landscape architecture major,helping the major reshape its core competitiveness and promoting educational innovation and industry development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72101025,72271049),the Interdisciplinary Research Project for Young Teachers of USTB(Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,FRF-IDRY-24-024)the Hebei Natural Science Foundation(F2023501011)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(FRF-TP-20-073A1)the R&D Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission(KM202411232015).
文摘This paper proposes a reliability evaluation model for a multi-dimensional network system,which has potential to be applied to the internet of things or other practical networks.A multi-dimensional network system with one source element and multiple sink elements is considered first.Each element can con-nect with other elements within a stochastic connection ranges.The system is regarded as successful as long as the source ele-ment remains connected with all sink elements.An importance measure is proposed to evaluate the performance of non-source elements.Furthermore,to calculate the system reliability and the element importance measure,a multi-valued decision diagram based approach is structured and its complexity is analyzed.Finally,a numerical example about the signal transfer station system is illustrated to analyze the system reliability and the ele-ment importance measure.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFC2103600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21878156,21978131,22275085,and 22278224)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Nos.BK20200089 and BK20200691)the Project of Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)the State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(No.KL21-08).
文摘Constructing multi-dimensional hydrogen bond(H-bond)regulated single-molecule systems with multiemission remains a challenge.Herein,we report the design of a new excited-state intramolecular proton transfer(ESIPT)featured chromophore(HBT-DPI)that shows flexible emission tunability via the multidimensional regulation of intra-and intermolecular H-bonds.The feature of switchable intramolecular Hbonds is induced via incorporating several hydrogen bond acceptors and donors into one single HBT-DPI molecule,allowing the“turn on/off”of ESIPT process by forming isomers with distinct intramolecular Hbonds configurations.In response to different external H-bonding environments,the obtained four types of crystal/cocrystals vary in the contents of isomers and the molecular packing modes,which are mainly guided by the intermolecular H-bonds,exhibiting non-emissive features or emissions ranging from green to orange.Utilizing the feature of intermolecular H-bond guided molecular packing,we demonstrate the utility of this fluorescent material for visualizing hydrophobic/hydrophilic areas on large-scale heterogeneous surfaces of modified poly(1,1-difluoroethylene)(PVDF)membranes and quantitatively estimating the surface hydrophobicity,providing a new approach for hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity monitoring and measurement.Overall,this study represents a new design strategy for constructing multi-dimensional hydrogen bond regulated ESIPT-based fluorescent materials that enable multiple emissions and unique applications.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U2441202,12372043,and 12372022)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities。
文摘To break the limitations of the multi-dimensional(M-D)vibration isolation(VI)platforms with the Stewart-Gough design,such as strongly coupling motions,excessive friction in connections,heavy weight,and limited workspace,this study processes a novel platform integrated by a stiffness-adjustable origami spring sub-structure and a parallel mechanism.The origami-based stiffness-adjustable spring realizes low-frequency VI,and the parallel mechanism symmetry design realizes motions decoupling.In the origami-based sub-leg,the parallel-stack-assembly(PSA)design mechanism with two Miura origami configurations is proposed to generate a symmetrical negative stiffness property.Paired with a linear positive stiffness spring,the origami-based sub-leg has wide-amplitude-high-static-low-dynamic stiffness(WA-HSLDS)characteristics in one direction.Then,with construction of the parallel mechanism connected with origami-based sub-legs,an M-D VI platform is achieved,whose motions in the vertical direction and yaw direction are decoupled with the motions in the other directions.Based on the dynamic model and incremental harmonic balance(IHB)with the arc-length continuation method,appropriate structural parameters in the parallel mechanism part are figured out,and the accurate transmissibility in different directions is defined,which gives the parametric influencing investigations for realization of low-frequency VI performances.Finally,experiments are conducted to validate the accuracy and feasibility of the theoretical methods,and to demonstrate the performance of M-D low-frequency isolation with load-carrying capacity of the proposed VI platform.The integration of the origami into the parallel mechanism results in a compact,efficient,and flexible platform with nonlinear adjustability,offering new possibilities for lightweight M-D VI,and developing the practical applications in high-precision platforms in ocean and aerospace environments.
文摘We propose a novel fast numerical calculation method for the Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction integral,which is developed based on the existing scaled convolution method.This approach enables fast cal-culations for general cases of off-axis scenarios where the sampling intervals and numbers of the input and observation planes are unequal.Additionally,it allows for arbitrary adjustment of the sampling interval of the impulse response function,facilitating a manual trade-off between computational load and accuracy.The er-rors associated with this method,which is equivalent to interpolation,primarily arise from the discontinuities of the sampling matrix of the impulse response function on its boundaries of periodic extension.To address this issue,we propose the concept of the padding function and its construction method,and evaluate its ef-fectiveness in enhancing computational accuracy.The feasibility of the proposed method is verified by nu-merical simulation and compared with the direct integration DI-method in a simplified scenario.It shows that the proposed method has good computational accuracy for the general case where the sampling interval of the input and observation plane is not equal under non-near-field diffraction,and when the diffraction distance is large,although the computational accuracy of the proposed method cannot exceed that of the DI-method,the computational amount can be significantly reduced with almost no effect on the computational accuracy.This method provides a general numerical calculation scheme of diffraction in the non-near field case for areas such as computational holography.
基金Research on Problems and Countermeasures in Building the Capacity of the Grassroots International Chambers of Commerce in the Context of High-Quality Development (W2024H03841)a key research project of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade in 2025。
文摘Arbitration is a key non-litigation commercial mechanism for the resolution of disputes, and the quality and credibility of its awards depend largely on the competency of the arbitrators. However, the selection and evaluation systems for arbitrators in China have long faced challenges such as the vague criteria for competency and an unclear professionalization path for arbitrators. To address these issues, this study is grounded in the context of actual Chinese arbitration practice and based on the competency iceberg model. Through a methodological approach encompassing literature reviews, behavioral event interviews, expert revisions, and questionnaire surveys, a Chinese Arbitrator Competency Scale was developed and validated in this study. Examination of the findings indicated that the scale needed to consist of five dimensions—communication and coordination, cognitive skills, ethical conduct, work motivation, and personality traits—and possess a total of 28 specific indicators. Confirmatory analysis of the factors demonstrates a good fit for the five-dimensional model, with each of the dimensions exhibiting high reliability and validity. This scale is innovative in integrating the competency elements with Chinese characteristics, such as commercial acumen, crosscultural mediation skills, and adaptability to the local rule of law. This research not only enriches the competency theory in regard to the field of human resource management but also provides a scientific framework of standards and measurement tools for the selection, training, and evaluation of arbitrators. It thus has significant practical value for enhancing the professionalism and international competitiveness of China's arbitration system.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22275018).
文摘The combustion and detonation processes of energetic materials exhibit remarkable complexity and ultra-fast transient characteristics.While reactive molecular dynamics has been extensively employed to investigate the reaction dynamics of energetic materials,its utility is often constrained to capturing only fundamental reaction events and species information,thereby limiting mechanistic investigations of complex reaction pathways.To elucidate the topological features of energetic material reaction networks and identify critical reaction pathways with high fidelity,this study presents ReacNetwork-an advanced large-scale reaction network analysis methodology that synergistically integrates complex network theory with molecular simulation techniques.Specifically,we have developed a multi-dimensional feature screening protocol based on node centrality metrics and K-shell decomposition algorithms.Takingα-Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine(α-RDX)as the subject,we successfully constructed a comprehensive high-temperature thermal decomposition reaction network consisting of 1,134 distinct chemical species and 3,626 elementary reactions.Through systematic application of community detection algorithms and global topological feature extraction techniques,we achieved effective dimensionality reduction and successfully identified the dominant reaction pathway within theα-RDX thermal decomposition network.The computational results not only validate the well-established initial reaction mechanism dominated by N-NO2 homolytic bond cleavage,but also provide unprecedented visualization ofα-RDX framework ring-opening dynamics and subsequent radical chain propagation networks.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant No.72373084]Taishan Scholar Foundation of Shandong Province[Grant No.tsqn202408139].
文摘Investigating urban spatial structures(USSs)and their influencing factors at different spatial scales is crucial for promoting sustainable urban transformation.Based on nighttime light datasets and the Herfindahl-Hirschman index(HHI),this study analyzes USS characteristics in China from 2007 to 2023 on two spatial scales-prefecture-level cities and urban agglomerations.It also explores structural influencing factors,including the economy,infrastructure,society,and government intervention.We find that:(1)HHI values for both cities and urban agglomerations exhibit a decreasing trend,indicating a USS for both that is evolving toward polycentricity;(2)economic development promotes a polycentric structure at both spatial scales,whereas government intervention drives a monocentric structure;and(3)postal and communication infrastructure have conflicting effects on USSs,encouraging a monocentric structure at the city scale but fostering polycentricity at the urban agglomeration scale.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFC3002803)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2024YFF0808402)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42375169)。
文摘Northeast China serves as an important crop production region.Accurately forecasting summer precipitation in Northeast China(NEC-PR)has been a challenge due to its wide range of time scales influenced by varying climatic conditions.This study presents a scale separation hybrid statistical model with recurrent neural network(SS-RNN)to predict the summer monthly NEC-PR.The SS-RNN model decomposes the multiple scales of the NEC-PR into several spatiotemporal intrinsic mode functions covering annual to decadal time scales.This strategy provides a way to derive appropriate predictors and establish predictive models for the primary spatial modes of the NEC-PR at various time scales.Our results demonstrate substantial improvements by the SS-RNN model in predicting the summer monthly NEC-PR as compared with dynamic models,particularly in predicting the spatial pattern of the NEC-PR.In this paper we take August,the month of the highest NEC-PR,to assess our model skill.Independent forecasts of the August NEC-PR over the period 2021–24 achieve significant spatial anomaly correlation coefficients,reaching a maximum value of 0.83.Additional verifications by station observations show that the model hits most station anomalies,achieving a mean predictive skill score of 90.
基金supported by Integrated Distribution Network Planning and Operational Enhancement Using Flexibility Domains Under Deep Human-Vehicle-Charger-Road-Grid Coupling(U22B20105).
文摘Thermal storage electric heating(TSEH),as a prevalent variable load resource,offers significant potential for enhancing system flexibility when aggregated into a cluster.To address the uncertainties of renewable energy and load forecasting in active distribution networks(ADN),this paper proposes a multi-timescale coordinated optimal dispatch strategy that incorporates TSEH clusters.It utilizes the thermal storage characteristics and short-term regulation capabilities of TSEH,along with the rapid and gradual response characteristics of resources in active distribution grids,to develop a coordinated optimization dispatch mechanism for day-ahead,intraday,and real-time stages.It provides a coordinated optimized dispatch technique across several timescales for active distribution grids,taking into account the integration of TSEH clusters.The proposed method is validated on a modified IEEE 33-node system.Simulation results demonstrate that the participation of TSEH in collaborative optimization significantly reduces the total system operating cost by 8.71%compared to the scenario without TSEH.This cost reduction is attributed to a 10.84%decrease in interaction costs with the main grid and a 47.41%reduction in network loss costs,validating effective peak shaving and valley filling.The multi-timescale framework further enhances economic efficiency,with overall operating costs progressively decreasing by 3.91%(intraday)and 4.59%(real-time),and interaction costs further reduced by 5.34%and 9.25%,respectively.Moreover,the approach enhances system stability by effectively suppressing node voltage fluctuations and ensuring all voltages remain within safe operating limits during real-time operation.Therefore,the proposed approach achieves rational coordination of diverse resources,significantly improving the economic efficiency and stability of ADNs.
