Nickel is commonly coated on the outer leads for T8 metal package. The leadselectrodeposited by conventional dull or bright nickel over 5μm at direct current from Watt bathare hard to pass the bend fatigue test for t...Nickel is commonly coated on the outer leads for T8 metal package. The leadselectrodeposited by conventional dull or bright nickel over 5μm at direct current from Watt bathare hard to pass the bend fatigue test for three times. Nickel electrodeposited at multi waveformcurrent including direct current, single and double pulse from sulfamate bath can improve the bendfatigue strength of leads. Such nickel plating has a multilayer structure, its morphology ofsublayers can be clearly seen in its cross section with SEM. The electrochemical study shows thatthese sublayers have different corrosion potentials. The bend fatigue test of leads with suchplating for T8 metal package shows that the number of bend increases with the decrease of averagecurrent density of multi waveform, which can be attributed to the reduction of every sublayerthickness and the increase of layer numbers under the same condition of total thickness.展开更多
This paper presents a systematic approach of optimal design and control of a surface-mount, permanent-magnet synchronous torque motor for the next-generation machine tools. A step-by-step procedure of optimization int...This paper presents a systematic approach of optimal design and control of a surface-mount, permanent-magnet synchronous torque motor for the next-generation machine tools. A step-by-step procedure of optimization integrates multiple performance objectives and constraints to help the designer make the best decision on the final motor geometry from both design and control perspectives. In the perspective of design, a torque motor with concentrated windings and similar numbers of slots and poles may achieve the desired performance after optimization for multiple objectives, leading to a sinusoidal flux density for a nearly ripple-free torque distribution. From the control perspective, an optimal current waveform with an ideal shift angle is determined for each phase by aligning the current excitation with the back electromotive force. Both design and control of the surface-mount, permanent magnet machine are verified by the finite element method, and a prototype is fabricated for performance validation.展开更多
文摘Nickel is commonly coated on the outer leads for T8 metal package. The leadselectrodeposited by conventional dull or bright nickel over 5μm at direct current from Watt bathare hard to pass the bend fatigue test for three times. Nickel electrodeposited at multi waveformcurrent including direct current, single and double pulse from sulfamate bath can improve the bendfatigue strength of leads. Such nickel plating has a multilayer structure, its morphology ofsublayers can be clearly seen in its cross section with SEM. The electrochemical study shows thatthese sublayers have different corrosion potentials. The bend fatigue test of leads with suchplating for T8 metal package shows that the number of bend increases with the decrease of averagecurrent density of multi waveform, which can be attributed to the reduction of every sublayerthickness and the increase of layer numbers under the same condition of total thickness.
文摘This paper presents a systematic approach of optimal design and control of a surface-mount, permanent-magnet synchronous torque motor for the next-generation machine tools. A step-by-step procedure of optimization integrates multiple performance objectives and constraints to help the designer make the best decision on the final motor geometry from both design and control perspectives. In the perspective of design, a torque motor with concentrated windings and similar numbers of slots and poles may achieve the desired performance after optimization for multiple objectives, leading to a sinusoidal flux density for a nearly ripple-free torque distribution. From the control perspective, an optimal current waveform with an ideal shift angle is determined for each phase by aligning the current excitation with the back electromotive force. Both design and control of the surface-mount, permanent magnet machine are verified by the finite element method, and a prototype is fabricated for performance validation.
