As one of the divisions in China Southern Power Grid, Yunnan Power Grid Corporation has conducted research and demonstration projects on multiple smart grid technologies to improve the power system reliability, save o...As one of the divisions in China Southern Power Grid, Yunnan Power Grid Corporation has conducted research and demonstration projects on multiple smart grid technologies to improve the power system reliability, save operation cost and enhance measurement accuracy. In this paper, we will introduce The Study of Yunnan Mountain Substation Data Aggregation Technology based on Sparse Methods. Most substations are built in the mountain, the complex geological conditions and poor natural conditions put forward higher requirements on the substation running and real-time comprehensive monitoring of substation system. Processing and polymerization research of large amounts of the monitoring data and information is studied in this article. This paper introduces the sparse methods and then explains the thinning algorithm, especially new algorithm is proposed. Finally, the substation sparse method architecture is put forward and the simulation experiment was carried out to prove the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
Recreational sightseeing has already become an important content of modern people' life.With intensive and diversified natural and cultural landscapes,such as forest,rare animal species,folk customs of many minori...Recreational sightseeing has already become an important content of modern people' life.With intensive and diversified natural and cultural landscapes,such as forest,rare animal species,folk customs of many minorities,Lotus Mountain National Nature Reserve is of high tourist value.Proper evaluation of its recreational value is essential for the reasonable development and protection of its resources,the sustainable utilization and development of its environment and resources.Questionnaires and Expenditure Method were applied in this study for the monetization assessment of the recreational value of Lotus Mountain National Nature Reserve,which was obtained as 703 050 Yuan(RMB)in 2009.By not considering the factors not mentioned in the calculation and possible errors,such a result implied a relatively high recreational value.Given the fact that its recreational value has been influenced by diversified factors such as time,domestic and global tourism development,tourism policies,tourism planning,construction and management of the nature reserve,the authors suggested that the recreational value of Lotus Mountain National Nature Reserve could be promoted by improving its tourist facilities and enhancing the propagation.展开更多
Information on the thickness distribution and volume of glacier ice is highly important for glaciological applications;however,detailed measurements of the ice thickness of many glaciers in the Chinese Altay Mountains...Information on the thickness distribution and volume of glacier ice is highly important for glaciological applications;however,detailed measurements of the ice thickness of many glaciers in the Chinese Altay Mountains remain lacking.Burqin Glacier No.18 is a northeast-orientated cirque glacier located on the southern side of the Altay Mountains.This study used PulseEKKO®PRO 100A enhancement ground-penetrating radar(GPR)to survey the ice thickness and volume of Burqin Glacier No.18 in summer 2018.Together with GPR surveying,spatial distributed profiles of the GPR measurements were concurrently surveyed using the real-time kinematic(RTK)global navigation satellite system(GNSS,Unistrong E650).Besides,we used QuickBird,WorldView-2,and Landsat TM to delineate accurate boundary of the glacier for undertaking estimation of glacier ice volume.GPR measurements revealed that the basal topography of profile B1-B2 was flat,the basal topography of profile C1-C2 presented a V-type form,and the basal topography of profile D1-D2 had a typical U-type topographic feature because the bedrock near the central elevation of the glacier was relatively flat.The longitudinal profile A1-A2 showed a ladder-like distribution.Glacier ice was thin at the terminus and its thickness increased gradually from the elevation of approximately 2620 m a.s.l.along the main axis of the glacier tongue with an average value of 80(±1)m.The average ice thickness of the glacier was determined as 27(±2)m and its total ice volume was estimated at 0.031(±0.002)km3.Interpretation of remote sensing images indicated that during 1989–2016,the glacier area reduced from 1.30 to 1.17 km2(reduction of 0.37%/a)and the glacier terminus retreated at the rate of 8.48 m/a.The mean ice thickness of Burqin Glacier No.18 was less than that of the majority of other observed glaciers in China,especially those in the Qilian Mountains and Central Chinese Tianshan Mountains;this is probably attributable to differences in glacier type and climatic setting.展开更多
Dendrolims superans produced one generation every two years Large larvae and small larvae exist at the sametime. lt broke out in Daxiang an Mountains in 1990. and seriously destroyed growth of Larix gmelum Rupr In ord...Dendrolims superans produced one generation every two years Large larvae and small larvae exist at the sametime. lt broke out in Daxiang an Mountains in 1990. and seriously destroyed growth of Larix gmelum Rupr In order to control D Superans.the population properties of D.superans were stedied from 1991 to 1992 including sex ratio.age distribution. pattern etc.. The sex ratio of D. superans population is The larvae age distrihution indicates that larvaeover 5 instar is less than younger larvae under 4 instar in Yongqing forest farm- but the younger larvae under 4 instar is morethan larvae over 5 instar in Hanjiayuanzi Forest Farm. The population of D. superans in Yongqing Farm has heen declining.and incrcasing in Hanjiayuanzi. Pupae and eggs are mainly distributed in middle and lower crowns layer of trees. respec-tively account for 66% and 59.5%, of total individuals. The pupae in higher cown layer is lightly regular distrihution. andclumping distribution middle and lower crowns layer of trees. The eggs in higher crown is light clumpin1g distribution. andrandom in middle and low crown of tree.展开更多
Through the survey of National Nature Reserve of Tianmu Mountain,based on relevant data of tourists of Tianmu Mountain over the years,the paper had analyzed some problems about the application of contingent value meth...Through the survey of National Nature Reserve of Tianmu Mountain,based on relevant data of tourists of Tianmu Mountain over the years,the paper had analyzed some problems about the application of contingent value method(CVM) in forest recreational value evaluation.Then,it had evaluated the forest recreational value of National Nature Reserve of Tianmu Mountain in 2007 and obtained evaluation results.Through the statistics of tourists' payment targets,it had calculated the payment value of each function of Tianmu Nature Reserve.The functions were appreciating landscape,exercising,visiting historical sites,photographing,scientific research,picnic and camping,and religion ranking in order from higher to lower value.In terms of nonuse value,existence value was slightly higher than option value and heritage value.It could be known from above research that Tianmu Mountain had great tourism development potential.Finally,it had proposed some suggestions for publicity,project setting and artificial landscape construction.展开更多
According to the relevant data from Chinese Statistical Yearbook, the overall agricultural structure and the internal structure of agriculture in Yimeng Mountainous area are analyzed. The status quo of the agricultura...According to the relevant data from Chinese Statistical Yearbook, the overall agricultural structure and the internal structure of agriculture in Yimeng Mountainous area are analyzed. The status quo of the agricultural and the internal structure of agriculture in Yimeng Mountainous area are analyzed through the method of comprehensive appraisal of the improved factors. The safety coefficient of the comprehensive appraisal is from 2.626 696 to 4.987 546,which is exclude in the safety extent, so it needs adjusting. At the same time, the internal relations of the internal structure of agriculture in Yimeng Mountainous area are studied by using the relativity analysis. The overall agricultural structure of Yimeng Mountainous area is in negative correlation to planting structure and forestry structure, and in positive correlation to livestock breeding industry; the plating structure is in negative correlation to livestock breeding structure and in positive correlation to forestry structure and the forestry structure is in negative correlation to livestock breeding structure.展开更多
Based on a lot of measurement and analysis,this paper find that the unbalanced nature of 35 kV grids due to unsymmetrical capacitance values gives difficulty in neutral point operation in mountainous area.Improving co...Based on a lot of measurement and analysis,this paper find that the unbalanced nature of 35 kV grids due to unsymmetrical capacitance values gives difficulty in neutral point operation in mountainous area.Improving compensation of Petersen coil can rectify imbalance of voltage but bring up new problem that Petersen coil can not extinguish grounding arc effectively in fault.To put down contradiction mentioned above,this paper proposes a combination operation for neutral point of 35 kV grids as neutral point insulated in routine operation and grounding through Petersen coil in fault,then EMTP simulation is carried out.Simulation indicates that new neutral operation method can improve lightning withstand level and decrease trip-out rate of grids.展开更多
This article gives a mechanical model, in which the layers of lithosphere are assumed to be the creep materials, to study the coupling mechanism of a syn-basin-mountain system quantitatively by using the numerical s...This article gives a mechanical model, in which the layers of lithosphere are assumed to be the creep materials, to study the coupling mechanism of a syn-basin-mountain system quantitatively by using the numerical simulating method. A geological dynamic extensional mode given by some geologists is theoretically discussed and verified. The study shows that lithosphere thickening or thinning is closely related to the thermal activity, or in other words, thermal convection beneath the lithosphere. It is one of the important factors affecting the formation of the basin-mountain coupling system. As an essential condition, only the upward buoyant force and the horizontal dragging force caused by the thermal convection jointly act on the bottom of the lithosphere, the stress and strain states in rock's layers are advantageous to forming the tectonic-landforms of the basin-mountain coupling system. A study on the creep features of the lithosphere shows that the stress and strain in the rock's layers vary with time when the lasting forces act on the boundary. They increase rapidly at initial stage and decrease steadily after reaching the peak value. Phenomena of stress relaxation are significant for studying the tectonic evolution.展开更多
A total of 80 weathering pits （gnammas）, located on granite surfaces of Qing Mountain （青山）, Hexigten （克什克腾） Global Geopark, Inner Mongolia, were identified and measured in terms of dimensional and orientat...A total of 80 weathering pits （gnammas）, located on granite surfaces of Qing Mountain （青山）, Hexigten （克什克腾） Global Geopark, Inner Mongolia, were identified and measured in terms of dimensional and orientational features. This article attempts to extract characteristics of the weathering pits by descriptive statistics and orientation rose diagrams, investigate the multi-phase evolution by the modified gnamma morphological analysis （GMA） method, and shed new light on the possible genesis and the influencing factors. Following the modified GMA method, weathering pits in Qing Mountain have been divided into six groups and compared with analogous sites to deduce their approximate age, which might be no older than 30 ka B.P., and explore the possibility that the multi-phase evolution of weathering pits may arise from responses to climate change. In consequence, we suggest that the combination of weathering, especially salt weathering, and wind erosion, both of which are closely related to climatic variation, take the main responsibility for the formation and development of weathering pits in Qing Mountain.展开更多
文摘As one of the divisions in China Southern Power Grid, Yunnan Power Grid Corporation has conducted research and demonstration projects on multiple smart grid technologies to improve the power system reliability, save operation cost and enhance measurement accuracy. In this paper, we will introduce The Study of Yunnan Mountain Substation Data Aggregation Technology based on Sparse Methods. Most substations are built in the mountain, the complex geological conditions and poor natural conditions put forward higher requirements on the substation running and real-time comprehensive monitoring of substation system. Processing and polymerization research of large amounts of the monitoring data and information is studied in this article. This paper introduces the sparse methods and then explains the thinning algorithm, especially new algorithm is proposed. Finally, the substation sparse method architecture is put forward and the simulation experiment was carried out to prove the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
文摘Recreational sightseeing has already become an important content of modern people' life.With intensive and diversified natural and cultural landscapes,such as forest,rare animal species,folk customs of many minorities,Lotus Mountain National Nature Reserve is of high tourist value.Proper evaluation of its recreational value is essential for the reasonable development and protection of its resources,the sustainable utilization and development of its environment and resources.Questionnaires and Expenditure Method were applied in this study for the monetization assessment of the recreational value of Lotus Mountain National Nature Reserve,which was obtained as 703 050 Yuan(RMB)in 2009.By not considering the factors not mentioned in the calculation and possible errors,such a result implied a relatively high recreational value.Given the fact that its recreational value has been influenced by diversified factors such as time,domestic and global tourism development,tourism policies,tourism planning,construction and management of the nature reserve,the authors suggested that the recreational value of Lotus Mountain National Nature Reserve could be promoted by improving its tourist facilities and enhancing the propagation.
基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA20020102,XDA20060201)the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)Program(2019QZKK0201)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(International cooperation and exchange projects)(41761134093)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41771077)。
文摘Information on the thickness distribution and volume of glacier ice is highly important for glaciological applications;however,detailed measurements of the ice thickness of many glaciers in the Chinese Altay Mountains remain lacking.Burqin Glacier No.18 is a northeast-orientated cirque glacier located on the southern side of the Altay Mountains.This study used PulseEKKO®PRO 100A enhancement ground-penetrating radar(GPR)to survey the ice thickness and volume of Burqin Glacier No.18 in summer 2018.Together with GPR surveying,spatial distributed profiles of the GPR measurements were concurrently surveyed using the real-time kinematic(RTK)global navigation satellite system(GNSS,Unistrong E650).Besides,we used QuickBird,WorldView-2,and Landsat TM to delineate accurate boundary of the glacier for undertaking estimation of glacier ice volume.GPR measurements revealed that the basal topography of profile B1-B2 was flat,the basal topography of profile C1-C2 presented a V-type form,and the basal topography of profile D1-D2 had a typical U-type topographic feature because the bedrock near the central elevation of the glacier was relatively flat.The longitudinal profile A1-A2 showed a ladder-like distribution.Glacier ice was thin at the terminus and its thickness increased gradually from the elevation of approximately 2620 m a.s.l.along the main axis of the glacier tongue with an average value of 80(±1)m.The average ice thickness of the glacier was determined as 27(±2)m and its total ice volume was estimated at 0.031(±0.002)km3.Interpretation of remote sensing images indicated that during 1989–2016,the glacier area reduced from 1.30 to 1.17 km2(reduction of 0.37%/a)and the glacier terminus retreated at the rate of 8.48 m/a.The mean ice thickness of Burqin Glacier No.18 was less than that of the majority of other observed glaciers in China,especially those in the Qilian Mountains and Central Chinese Tianshan Mountains;this is probably attributable to differences in glacier type and climatic setting.
文摘Dendrolims superans produced one generation every two years Large larvae and small larvae exist at the sametime. lt broke out in Daxiang an Mountains in 1990. and seriously destroyed growth of Larix gmelum Rupr In order to control D Superans.the population properties of D.superans were stedied from 1991 to 1992 including sex ratio.age distribution. pattern etc.. The sex ratio of D. superans population is The larvae age distrihution indicates that larvaeover 5 instar is less than younger larvae under 4 instar in Yongqing forest farm- but the younger larvae under 4 instar is morethan larvae over 5 instar in Hanjiayuanzi Forest Farm. The population of D. superans in Yongqing Farm has heen declining.and incrcasing in Hanjiayuanzi. Pupae and eggs are mainly distributed in middle and lower crowns layer of trees. respec-tively account for 66% and 59.5%, of total individuals. The pupae in higher cown layer is lightly regular distrihution. andclumping distribution middle and lower crowns layer of trees. The eggs in higher crown is light clumpin1g distribution. andrandom in middle and low crown of tree.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (Y304369)~~
文摘Through the survey of National Nature Reserve of Tianmu Mountain,based on relevant data of tourists of Tianmu Mountain over the years,the paper had analyzed some problems about the application of contingent value method(CVM) in forest recreational value evaluation.Then,it had evaluated the forest recreational value of National Nature Reserve of Tianmu Mountain in 2007 and obtained evaluation results.Through the statistics of tourists' payment targets,it had calculated the payment value of each function of Tianmu Nature Reserve.The functions were appreciating landscape,exercising,visiting historical sites,photographing,scientific research,picnic and camping,and religion ranking in order from higher to lower value.In terms of nonuse value,existence value was slightly higher than option value and heritage value.It could be known from above research that Tianmu Mountain had great tourism development potential.Finally,it had proposed some suggestions for publicity,project setting and artificial landscape construction.
文摘According to the relevant data from Chinese Statistical Yearbook, the overall agricultural structure and the internal structure of agriculture in Yimeng Mountainous area are analyzed. The status quo of the agricultural and the internal structure of agriculture in Yimeng Mountainous area are analyzed through the method of comprehensive appraisal of the improved factors. The safety coefficient of the comprehensive appraisal is from 2.626 696 to 4.987 546,which is exclude in the safety extent, so it needs adjusting. At the same time, the internal relations of the internal structure of agriculture in Yimeng Mountainous area are studied by using the relativity analysis. The overall agricultural structure of Yimeng Mountainous area is in negative correlation to planting structure and forestry structure, and in positive correlation to livestock breeding industry; the plating structure is in negative correlation to livestock breeding structure and in positive correlation to forestry structure and the forestry structure is in negative correlation to livestock breeding structure.
基金Project Supported by Natural Science Foundation of CQ CSTC （ 2005BA6021 ）.
文摘Based on a lot of measurement and analysis,this paper find that the unbalanced nature of 35 kV grids due to unsymmetrical capacitance values gives difficulty in neutral point operation in mountainous area.Improving compensation of Petersen coil can rectify imbalance of voltage but bring up new problem that Petersen coil can not extinguish grounding arc effectively in fault.To put down contradiction mentioned above,this paper proposes a combination operation for neutral point of 35 kV grids as neutral point insulated in routine operation and grounding through Petersen coil in fault,then EMTP simulation is carried out.Simulation indicates that new neutral operation method can improve lightning withstand level and decrease trip-out rate of grids.
基金ThispaperissupportedbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina (No .1 9972 0 64)andtheMinistryofLandandResources (No.991 0 0 5)
文摘This article gives a mechanical model, in which the layers of lithosphere are assumed to be the creep materials, to study the coupling mechanism of a syn-basin-mountain system quantitatively by using the numerical simulating method. A geological dynamic extensional mode given by some geologists is theoretically discussed and verified. The study shows that lithosphere thickening or thinning is closely related to the thermal activity, or in other words, thermal convection beneath the lithosphere. It is one of the important factors affecting the formation of the basin-mountain coupling system. As an essential condition, only the upward buoyant force and the horizontal dragging force caused by the thermal convection jointly act on the bottom of the lithosphere, the stress and strain states in rock's layers are advantageous to forming the tectonic-landforms of the basin-mountain coupling system. A study on the creep features of the lithosphere shows that the stress and strain in the rock's layers vary with time when the lasting forces act on the boundary. They increase rapidly at initial stage and decrease steadily after reaching the peak value. Phenomena of stress relaxation are significant for studying the tectonic evolution.
基金supported by China Geological Survey(No.11212011120118)the Fundamental Research Projects of China University of Geosciences,Beijing,China(No.2011YYL016)
文摘A total of 80 weathering pits （gnammas）, located on granite surfaces of Qing Mountain （青山）, Hexigten （克什克腾） Global Geopark, Inner Mongolia, were identified and measured in terms of dimensional and orientational features. This article attempts to extract characteristics of the weathering pits by descriptive statistics and orientation rose diagrams, investigate the multi-phase evolution by the modified gnamma morphological analysis （GMA） method, and shed new light on the possible genesis and the influencing factors. Following the modified GMA method, weathering pits in Qing Mountain have been divided into six groups and compared with analogous sites to deduce their approximate age, which might be no older than 30 ka B.P., and explore the possibility that the multi-phase evolution of weathering pits may arise from responses to climate change. In consequence, we suggest that the combination of weathering, especially salt weathering, and wind erosion, both of which are closely related to climatic variation, take the main responsibility for the formation and development of weathering pits in Qing Mountain.
