BACKGROUND Although en bloc dissection of hepatic hilum lymph nodes has many advantages in radical tumor treatment,the feasibility and safety of this approach for laparo-scopic pancreaticoduodenectomy(LPD)require furt...BACKGROUND Although en bloc dissection of hepatic hilum lymph nodes has many advantages in radical tumor treatment,the feasibility and safety of this approach for laparo-scopic pancreaticoduodenectomy(LPD)require further clinical evaluation and investigation.AIM To explore the application value of the"five steps four quadrants"modularized en bloc dissection technique for accessing hepatic hilum lymph nodes in LPD patients.METHODS A total of 52 patients who underwent LPD via the"five steps four quadrants"modularized en bloc dissection technique for hepatic hilum lymph nodes from April 2021 to July 2023 in our department were analyzed retrospectively.The patients'body mass index(BMI),preoperative laboratory indices,intraoperative variables and postoperative complications were recorded.The relationships between preoperative data and intraoperative lymph node dissection time and blood loss were also analyzed.RESULTS Among the 52 patients,36 were males and 16 were females,and the average age was 62.2±11.0 years.There were 26 patients with pancreatic head cancer,16 patients with periampullary cancer,and 10 patients with distal bile duct cancer.The BMI was 22.3±3.3 kg/m²,and the median total bilirubin(TBIL)concentration was 57.7(16.0-155.7)µmol/L.All patients successfully underwent the"five steps four quadrants"modularized en bloc dissection technique without lymph node clearance-related complications such as postoperative bleeding or lymphatic leakage.Correlation analysis revealed significant associations between preoperative BMI(r=0.3581,P=0.0091),TBIL level(r=0.2988,P=0.0341),prothrombin time(r=0.3018,P=0.0297)and lymph node dissection time.Moreover,dissection time was significantly correlated with intraoperative blood loss(r=0.7744,P<0.0001).Further stratified analysis demonstrated that patients with a preoperative BMI≥21.9 kg/m²and a TIBL concentration≥57.7μmol/L had significantly longer lymph node dissection times(both P<0.05).CONCLUSION The"five steps four quadrants"modularized en bloc dissection technique for accessing the hepatic hilum lymph node is safe and feasible for LPD.This technique is expected to improve the efficiency of hepatic hilum lymph node dissection and shorten the learning curve;thus,it is worthy of further clinical promotion and application.展开更多
This article, by using mathematical expressions, offers a scientific framework for understanding how the grading system of Qing′s structural carpentry determines the design and construction in the grand style timber...This article, by using mathematical expressions, offers a scientific framework for understanding how the grading system of Qing′s structural carpentry determines the design and construction in the grand style timber architecture.The Qing′s grand style timber structure, which is ready for prefabrication and assembly, is extremely hierarchical oriented and significantly standardized. The general procedure in designing a grand style timber structure is to start with the grade that defines the basic module (dou kou); next comes with the number of bracket set (cuan), the number of longitudinal bays and the number of purlins which affect its plan and cross section; thirdly choose a roof type that determines its longitudinal section and the facade as well. A series of formulae are conducted to help depict the layout, cross sectional roof curvature and special longitudinal treatments in 4 sloped and 9 spined roofs respectively.展开更多
Popularization of lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs) is still hindered by shuttle effect and volume expansion.Herein, a new modularized sulfur storage strategy is proposed to solve above problems and accomplished via empl...Popularization of lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs) is still hindered by shuttle effect and volume expansion.Herein, a new modularized sulfur storage strategy is proposed to solve above problems and accomplished via employing 100% space utilization host material of cobalt loaded carbon nanoparticles derived from ZIF-67. The modular dispersed storage of sulfur not only greatly increases the proportion of active sulfur,but also inhibits the occurrence of volume expansion. Meanwhile, 100% space utilization host material can greatly improve the conductivity of the cathode, provide a larger electrolyte wetting interface and effectively suppress the shuttle effect. Moreover, loaded cobalt particles have high catalytic activity for electrochemical reaction and can effectively improve the redox kinetics. The cell with new cathode host material carbonized at 650 ℃(ZIF-67(650 ℃)) exhibits superior rate performance and can maintain a high specific capacity of 950 m Ah/g after 100 cycles at 0.2 C, showing a good cycle stability.展开更多
Modularized circuit designs for chaotic systems are introduced in this paper.Especially,a typical improved modularized design strategy is proposed and applied to a new hyper-chaotic system circuit implementation.In th...Modularized circuit designs for chaotic systems are introduced in this paper.Especially,a typical improved modularized design strategy is proposed and applied to a new hyper-chaotic system circuit implementation.In this paper,the detailed design procedures are described.Multisim simulations and physical experiments are conducted,and the simulation results are compared with Matlab simulation results for different system parameter pairs.These results are consistent with each other and they verify the existence of the hyper-chaotic attractor for this new hyper-chaotic system.展开更多
The surrounding geological conditions and supporting structures of underground engineering are often updated during construction,and these updates require repeated numerical modeling.To improve the numerical modeling ...The surrounding geological conditions and supporting structures of underground engineering are often updated during construction,and these updates require repeated numerical modeling.To improve the numerical modeling efficiency of underground engineering,a modularized and parametric modeling cloud server is developed by using Python codes.The basic framework of the cloud server is as follows:input the modeling parameters into the web platform,implement Rhino software and FLAC3D software to model and run simulations in the cloud server,and return the simulation results to the web platform.The modeling program can automatically generate instructions that can run the modeling process in Rhino based on the input modeling parameters.The main modules of the modeling program include modeling the 3D geological structures,the underground engineering structures,and the supporting structures as well as meshing the geometric models.In particular,various cross-sections of underground caverns are crafted as parametricmodules in themodeling program.Themodularized and parametric modeling program is used for a finite element simulation of the underground powerhouse of the Shuangjiangkou Hydropower Station.This complicatedmodel is rapidly generated for the simulation,and the simulation results are reasonable.Thus,this modularized and parametric modeling program is applicable for three-dimensional finite element simulations and analyses.展开更多
Modularized construction is a new type of prefabricated building system with green environmental protection and excellent performance. There are few studies on the seismic performance of its key connection joint. This...Modularized construction is a new type of prefabricated building system with green environmental protection and excellent performance. There are few studies on the seismic performance of its key connection joint. This paper presents a new type of assembled connection joint for the high-rise modularized construction. Cyclic shear tests of full-scale joints were carried out, and the key indexes of their seismic performances including the hysteretic performance, ductility, and energy dissipation capacity were analyzed and obtained. The results show that the hysteresis loops of longitudinal and lateral cyclic shear tests were both plump in shapes. The ductility coefficients were 4.54 and 4.98, and the energy dissipation coefficients were 1.83 and 1.43, respectively. The test joint had good ductility and energy dissipation capacity. The positions of yield failure of specimens were mainly concentrated in the connection areas between the column and short beam or end-plate. The research can provide the technical reference for the seismic design and engineering application of related modularized constructions.展开更多
A 40-60 t/h modularized dry coal beneficiation process with a novel method to control the bed was designed around a gas-solid fluidized bed separator. Furthermore, the hydrodynamics of medium-solids consisting of wide...A 40-60 t/h modularized dry coal beneficiation process with a novel method to control the bed was designed around a gas-solid fluidized bed separator. Furthermore, the hydrodynamics of medium-solids consisting of wide-size-range magnetite powder （0.3-0.06 ram） and 〈1 mm fine coal were numerically studied. The simulation results show that the fluidization performance of the wide-size-range medium-solid bed is good. The separation performance of the modularized system was then investigated in detail using a mixture of 〈0.3 mm magnetite powder （mass fraction of 0.3-0.06 mm particles is 91.38 %） and 〈1 mm fine coal as solid media. The experimental results show that at separation densities of 1.33 g/cm^3 or 1.61 g/cm^3, 50-6 mm coal can be separated effectively with probable error, E, values of 0.05 g/cm^3 and 0.06 g/cm^3, respectively. This technique is beneficial for saving water resources and for the clean utilization of coal.展开更多
The intricate interplay between rock mechanics and fracture-induced fluid flow during resource extrac-tion exerts profound effects on groundwater systems,posing a pivotal challenge for promoting green and safe develop...The intricate interplay between rock mechanics and fracture-induced fluid flow during resource extrac-tion exerts profound effects on groundwater systems,posing a pivotal challenge for promoting green and safe development in underground engineering.To address this,a novel numerical model with an explicit coupling simulation strategy is presented.This model integrates distinct modules for individual physical mechanisms,ensuring second-order accuracy through shared time integration,thereby overcoming lim-itations in simulating mining-induced strata damage,water flow,and permeability dynamics.A novel mathematical model is incorporated into the mechanical simulation to characterize the abrupt increase in permeability resulting from rock fracture propagation.This increase is quantified by evaluating the plastic damage state of rocks and incorporating a damage coefficient that is intrinsically linked to rock strength.The mechanical model tracks permeability changes due to mining.The flow model simulates aquifer-mine water interactions by calculating hydraulic conductivity and using dynamic zoning,adapt-ing to mining progress.When applied to a case study of a complex mine,this approach significantly improved the accuracy of water inflow rate predictions by 57%.展开更多
Consistency identification in task-oriented dialogue(CI-ToD)can prevent inconsistent dialogue response generation,which has recently emerged as an important and growing research area.This paper takes the first step to...Consistency identification in task-oriented dialogue(CI-ToD)can prevent inconsistent dialogue response generation,which has recently emerged as an important and growing research area.This paper takes the first step to explore a pre-training paradigm for CI-ToD.Nevertheless,pre-training for CI-ToD is non-trivial because it requires a large amount of multi-turn KB-grounded dialogues,which are extremely hard to collect.To alleviate the data scarcity problem for pre-training,we introduce a modularized pre-training framework(MPFToD),which is capable of utilizing large amounts of KB-free dialogues.Specifically,such modularization allows us to decouple CI-ToD into three sub-modules and propose three pre-training tasks including(i)query response matching pre-training;(ii)dialogue history consistent identification pre-training;and(iii)KB mask language modeling to enhance different abilities of CI-ToD model.As different sub-tasks are solved separately,MPFToD can learn from large amounts of KB-free dialogues for different modules,which are much easier to obtain.Results on the CI-ToD benchmark show that MPFToD pushes the state-of-the-art performance from 56.3%to 61.0%.Furthermore,we show its transferability with promising performance on other downstream tasks(i.e.,dialog act recognition,sentiment classification and table fact checking).展开更多
A modularized and air adjustable constructed submerged plant bed(CSPB)which can be used to restore the eutrophic water is introduced in this paper.This plant bed helps hydrophyte grow under poor conditions such as fre...A modularized and air adjustable constructed submerged plant bed(CSPB)which can be used to restore the eutrophic water is introduced in this paper.This plant bed helps hydrophyte grow under poor conditions such as frequently changed water depth,impaired water transparency,algae bloom and substantial duckweed in summer,which are not naturally suitable for growing hydrophyte.This pilot study in Waihuan River of Tianjin,China,revealed that reduction of Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD),Total Nitrogen(TN)and Total Phosphorus(TP)by the use of CSPB could be reached 30%-35%,35%-40%,30%-40%respectively in the growing season(from March to October)and 5%-10%,5%-15%,7%-20%respectively in the winter(from November to February)when the detention time was 6 d.The relationships between the concentration of COD,TN,TP and the detention time fit the first-order kinetic equation well and the coefficients of determination(R^(2))were all above 0.9.The attenuation coefficients k of the kinetic equation were a function of the water temperature.When the water temperature was quite low or quite high,k was not significantly changed with increasing or decreasing water temperature.While when the temperature was in a moderate range,an increase or decrease of water temperature would lead to a rapid increase or decrease in k.展开更多
GEMIN5 is a predominantly cytoplasmic multifunctional protein, known to be involved in recognizing snRNAs through its WD40 repeats domain placed at the N-terminus. A dimerization domain in the middle region acts as a ...GEMIN5 is a predominantly cytoplasmic multifunctional protein, known to be involved in recognizing snRNAs through its WD40 repeats domain placed at the N-terminus. A dimerization domain in the middle region acts as a hub for protein–protein interaction, while a non-canonical RNA-binding site is placed towards the C-terminus. The singular organization of structural domains present in GEMIN5 enables this protein to perform multiple functions through its ability to interact with distinct partners, both RNAs and proteins. This protein exerts a different role in translation regulation depending on its physiological state, such that while GEMIN5 down-regulates global RNA translation, the C-terminal half of the protein promotes translation of its mRNA. Additionally, GEMIN5 is responsible for the preferential partitioning of mRNAs into polysomes. Besides selective translation, GEMIN5 forms part of distinct ribonucleoprotein complexes, reflecting the dynamic organization of macromolecular complexes in response to internal and external signals. In accordance with its contribution to fundamental cellular processes, recent reports described clinical loss of function mutants suggesting that GEMIN5 deficiency is detrimental to cell growth and survival. Remarkably, patients carrying GEMIN5 biallelic variants suffer from neurodevelopmental delay, hypotonia, and cerebellar ataxia. Molecular analyses of individual variants, which are defective in protein dimerization, display decreased levels of ribosome association, reinforcing the involvement of the protein in translation regulation. Importantly, the number of clinical variants and the phenotypic spectrum associated with GEMIN5 disorders is increasing as the knowledge of the protein functions and the pathways linked to its activity augments. Here we discuss relevant advances concerning the functional and structural features of GEMIN5 and its separate domains in RNA-binding, protein interactome, and translation regulation, and how these data can help to understand the involvement of protein malfunction in clinical variants found in patients developing neurodevelopmental disorders.展开更多
Effective partitioning is crucial for enabling parallel restoration of power systems after blackouts.This paper proposes a novel partitioning method based on deep reinforcement learning.First,the partitioning decision...Effective partitioning is crucial for enabling parallel restoration of power systems after blackouts.This paper proposes a novel partitioning method based on deep reinforcement learning.First,the partitioning decision process is formulated as a Markov decision process(MDP)model to maximize the modularity.Corresponding key partitioning constraints on parallel restoration are considered.Second,based on the partitioning objective and constraints,the reward function of the partitioning MDP model is set by adopting a relative deviation normalization scheme to reduce mutual interference between the reward and penalty in the reward function.The soft bonus scaling mechanism is introduced to mitigate overestimation caused by abrupt jumps in the reward.Then,the deep Q network method is applied to solve the partitioning MDP model and generate partitioning schemes.Two experience replay buffers are employed to speed up the training process of the method.Finally,case studies on the IEEE 39-bus test system demonstrate that the proposed method can generate a high-modularity partitioning result that meets all key partitioning constraints,thereby improving the parallelism and reliability of the restoration process.Moreover,simulation results demonstrate that an appropriate discount factor is crucial for ensuring both the convergence speed and the stability of the partitioning training.展开更多
In wind power transmission via modular multilevel converter based high voltage direct current(MMCHVDC)systems,under traditional control strategies,MMC-HVDCcannot provide inertia support to the receiving-end grid(REG)d...In wind power transmission via modular multilevel converter based high voltage direct current(MMCHVDC)systems,under traditional control strategies,MMC-HVDCcannot provide inertia support to the receiving-end grid(REG)during disturbances.Moreover,due to the frequency decoupling between the two ends of the MMCHVDC,the sending-end wind farm(SEWF)cannot obtain the frequency variation information of the REG to provide inertia response.Therefore,this paper proposes a novel coordinated source-network-storage inertia control strategy based on wind power transmission via MMC-HVDC system.First,the grid-side MMC station(GS-MMC)maps the frequency variations of the REG to direct current(DC)voltage variations through the frequency mapping control,and uses submodule capacitor energy to provide inertial power.Then,the wind farm-side MMC station(WF-MMC)restores the DC voltage variations to frequency variations through the frequency restoration control and power loss compensation,providing real-time frequency information for the wind farm.Finally,based on real-time frequency information,thewind farmutilizes the rotor kinetic energy and energy storage to provide fast and lasting power support through the wind-storage coordinated inertia control strategy.Meanwhile,when the wind turbines withdraw from the inertia response phase,the energy storage can increase the power output to compensate for the power deficit,preventing secondary frequency drops.Furthermore,this paper uses small-signal analysis to determine the appropriate values for the key parameters of the proposed control strategy.A simulation model of the wind power transmission via MMCHVDC system is built in MATLAB/Simulink environment to validate and evaluate the proposed method.The results show that the proposed coordinated control strategy can effectively improve the system inertia level and avoid the secondary frequency drop under the load sudden increase condition.展开更多
To enhance power flow regulation in scenarios involving large-scale renewable energy transmission via high-voltage direct current(HVDC)links and multi-infeed DC systems in load-center regions,this paper proposes a hyb...To enhance power flow regulation in scenarios involving large-scale renewable energy transmission via high-voltage direct current(HVDC)links and multi-infeed DC systems in load-center regions,this paper proposes a hybrid modular multilevel converter–capacitor-commutated line-commutated converter(MMC-CLCC)HVDC transmission system and its corresponding control strategy.First,the system topology is constructed,and a submodule configuration method for the MMC—combining full-bridge submodules(FBSMs)and half-bridge submodules(HBSMs)—is proposed to enable direct power flow reversal.Second,a hierarchical control strategy is introduced,includingMMCvoltage control,CLCC current control,and a coordinationmechanism,along with the derivation of the hybrid system’s power flow reversal characteristics.Third,leveraging the CLCC’s fast current regulation and theMMC’s negative voltage control capability,a coordinated power flow reversal control strategy is developed.Finally,an 800 kV MMC-CLCC hybrid HVDC system is modeled in PSCAD/EMTDC to validate the power flow reversal performance under a high proportion of full-bridge submodule configuration.Results demonstrate that the proposed control strategy enables rapid(1-s transition)and smooth switching of bidirectional power flow without modifying the structure of primary equipment:the transient fluctuation ofDC voltage from the rated value(UdcN)to themaximumreverse voltage(-kUdcN)is less than 5%;the DC current strictly follows the preset characteristic curve with a deviation of≤3%;the active power reverses continuously,and the system maintains stable operation throughout the reversal process.展开更多
The level 3 case for Ramanujan-type series has been considered as the most mysterious and the most challenging,out of all possible levels for Ramanujan-type series.This motivates the development of new techniques for ...The level 3 case for Ramanujan-type series has been considered as the most mysterious and the most challenging,out of all possible levels for Ramanujan-type series.This motivates the development of new techniques for constructing Ramanujan-type series of level 3.Chan and Liaw introduced an alternating analogue of the Borwein brothers’identity for Ramanujan-type series of level 3;subsequently,Chan,Liaw,and Tian formulated another proof of the Chan–Liaw identity,via the use of Ramanujan’s class invariant.Using the elliptic lambda function and the elliptic alpha function,we prove,via a limiting case of the Kummer–Goursat transformation,a new identity for evaluating the summands for alternating Ramanujan-type series of level 3,and we apply this new identity to prove three conjectured formulas for quadratic-irrational,Ramanujan-type series that had been discovered via numerical experiments with Maple in 2012 by Aldawoud.We also apply our identity to prove a new Ramanujan-type series of level 3 with a quartic convergence rate and quartic coefficients.展开更多
Small modular reactor(SMR)belongs to the research forefront of nuclear reactor technology.Nowadays,advancement of intelligent control technologies paves a new way to the design and build of unmanned SMR.The autonomous...Small modular reactor(SMR)belongs to the research forefront of nuclear reactor technology.Nowadays,advancement of intelligent control technologies paves a new way to the design and build of unmanned SMR.The autonomous control process of SMR can be divided into three stages,say,state diagnosis,autonomous decision-making and coordinated control.In this paper,the autonomous state recognition and task planning of unmanned SMR are investigated.An operating condition recognition method based on the knowledge base of SMR operation is proposed by using the artificial neural network(ANN)technology,which constructs a basis for the state judgment of intelligent reactor control path planning.An improved reinforcement learning path planning algorithm is utilized to implement the path transfer decision-makingThis algorithm performs condition transitions with minimal cost under specified modes.In summary,the full range control path intelligent decision-planning technology of SMR is realized,thus provides some theoretical basis for the design and build of unmanned SMR in the future.展开更多
Lignans have been established as a privileged scaffold in drug discovery,particularly in anticancer and antioxidant properties.Concise and efficient construction of lignans and their derivatives in a single operation ...Lignans have been established as a privileged scaffold in drug discovery,particularly in anticancer and antioxidant properties.Concise and efficient construction of lignans and their derivatives in a single operation holds great medicinal significance for structure-activity relationship studies yet remains challenging.Drawing inspiration from the biosynthesis of lignans,we present a general,high-step-economy palladium-catalyzed reaction that converts simple chemical feedstocks into dehydrodibenzylbutyrolactone lignans through the in-situ construction and coupling of two phenylpropanoid molecules.The diversity of organoboronic acids and the editability of enyne provide a powerful platform for the rapid construction of lignan libraries,featuring 82 lignans analogs,collective syntheses of 10 distinct lignan skeletons,and 13 hybrid molecules combining pharmacophore fragments with drug and derivatives.The subtle combination of phosphine ligands with quinones for switching chemoselectivity is vital to the success of this protocol.展开更多
The modular design pattern revolutionizes the monolithic morphology of traditional spacecraft into the reconfigurable combination of modular units.However,due to the morphological changes,the effective takeover contro...The modular design pattern revolutionizes the monolithic morphology of traditional spacecraft into the reconfigurable combination of modular units.However,due to the morphological changes,the effective takeover control of the combination through multiple independent modules,including the controller and actuator modules,remains a challenge.In this paper,a robust takeover control scheme with high allocation accuracy,independent of precise inertia,is proposed for the reconfigurable combination in the presence of the inertia uncertainty,model parameters uncertainty,communication delay,and external disturbance.By reregulating the conditions for performance synthesis into a symmetric form with similar structure,a hybrid non-fragile H_(2)/H_(∞)controller is designed for handling two types of controller gain perturbations,achieving superior performance with less energy consumption through simultaneous perturbation suppression.Moreover,through temporarily storing the allocation signals in the initial stage to cover the upper bound of the communication delay,the proposed distributed dynamic allocation scheme enables the actuator modules to implement the control signals jointly to stabilize the combination.Distinguished from general allocators,the proposed high-precision allocation scheme under communication delay can not only ensure full exploitation of controller performance,but also dynamically adjust allocation coefficients based on energy consumption index of controller modules to prevent actuator saturation.Numerical simulations demonstrate the superiority of the proposed hybrid non-fragile controller and the allocation scheme.展开更多
Tetracycline(TC)residues from anthropogenic activities undesirably present in nature as an emerging sustainability challenge and thereby require innovations in remediation technologies.Herein,as inspired by the microc...Tetracycline(TC)residues from anthropogenic activities undesirably present in nature as an emerging sustainability challenge and thereby require innovations in remediation technologies.Herein,as inspired by the microcompartment structure in living organisms,we adopt a synthetic biology approach to engineer the FerTiG,a modular enzyme assembly,to robustly scavenge TC residues with improved performance.The FerTiG consists of three functional modules,namely,a TC degradation module(Tet(X4)),a cofactor recycling module glucose dehydrogenase(GDH),and a protection module(ferritin),to organize diverse catalytic processes simultaneously as a biological circuit.The incorporation of GDH suitably fuels the FerTiG-dependent TC degradation by regenerating expensive nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH)cofactor with glucose.The ferritin shields the catalytic core of FerTiG to resiliently decompose TC under unfavorable conditions.Due to collaboration among functional modules,FerTiG strongly catalyzes the residual TC removal from multiple environmental matrices.The degradation pathways and environmental/biological safety of FerTiG are then elaborated,indicating the promising readiness for the application of FerTiG.In summary,this work presents a synthetic biology-based strategy to spontaneously impose residual antibiotic biodegradation for better sustainability management.The FerTiG is engineered as a proof-of-principle for TC removal;however,this'microcompartment-mimick ing'concept is of great interest in mitigating other sustainability challenges where modular catalytic machinery is applied.展开更多
This paper comprehensively explores the impulsive on-orbit inspection game problem utilizing reinforcement learning and game training methods.The purpose of the spacecraft is to inspect the entire surface of a non-coo...This paper comprehensively explores the impulsive on-orbit inspection game problem utilizing reinforcement learning and game training methods.The purpose of the spacecraft is to inspect the entire surface of a non-cooperative target with active maneuverability in front lighting.First,the impulsive orbital game problem is formulated as a turn-based sequential game problem.Second,several typical relative orbit transfers are encapsulated into modules to construct a parameterized action space containing discrete modules and continuous parameters,and multi-pass deep Q-networks(MPDQN)algorithm is used to implement autonomous decision-making.Then,a curriculum learning method is used to gradually increase the difficulty of the training scenario.The backtracking proportional self-play training framework is used to enhance the agent’s ability to defeat inconsistent strategies by building a pool of opponents.The behavior variations of the agents during training indicate that the intelligent game system gradually evolves towards an equilibrium situation.The restraint relations between the agents show that the agents steadily improve the strategy.The influence of various factors on game results is tested.展开更多
基金Supported by Health Research Program of Anhui,No.AHWJ2022b032。
文摘BACKGROUND Although en bloc dissection of hepatic hilum lymph nodes has many advantages in radical tumor treatment,the feasibility and safety of this approach for laparo-scopic pancreaticoduodenectomy(LPD)require further clinical evaluation and investigation.AIM To explore the application value of the"five steps four quadrants"modularized en bloc dissection technique for accessing hepatic hilum lymph nodes in LPD patients.METHODS A total of 52 patients who underwent LPD via the"five steps four quadrants"modularized en bloc dissection technique for hepatic hilum lymph nodes from April 2021 to July 2023 in our department were analyzed retrospectively.The patients'body mass index(BMI),preoperative laboratory indices,intraoperative variables and postoperative complications were recorded.The relationships between preoperative data and intraoperative lymph node dissection time and blood loss were also analyzed.RESULTS Among the 52 patients,36 were males and 16 were females,and the average age was 62.2±11.0 years.There were 26 patients with pancreatic head cancer,16 patients with periampullary cancer,and 10 patients with distal bile duct cancer.The BMI was 22.3±3.3 kg/m²,and the median total bilirubin(TBIL)concentration was 57.7(16.0-155.7)µmol/L.All patients successfully underwent the"five steps four quadrants"modularized en bloc dissection technique without lymph node clearance-related complications such as postoperative bleeding or lymphatic leakage.Correlation analysis revealed significant associations between preoperative BMI(r=0.3581,P=0.0091),TBIL level(r=0.2988,P=0.0341),prothrombin time(r=0.3018,P=0.0297)and lymph node dissection time.Moreover,dissection time was significantly correlated with intraoperative blood loss(r=0.7744,P<0.0001).Further stratified analysis demonstrated that patients with a preoperative BMI≥21.9 kg/m²and a TIBL concentration≥57.7μmol/L had significantly longer lymph node dissection times(both P<0.05).CONCLUSION The"five steps four quadrants"modularized en bloc dissection technique for accessing the hepatic hilum lymph node is safe and feasible for LPD.This technique is expected to improve the efficiency of hepatic hilum lymph node dissection and shorten the learning curve;thus,it is worthy of further clinical promotion and application.
文摘This article, by using mathematical expressions, offers a scientific framework for understanding how the grading system of Qing′s structural carpentry determines the design and construction in the grand style timber architecture.The Qing′s grand style timber structure, which is ready for prefabrication and assembly, is extremely hierarchical oriented and significantly standardized. The general procedure in designing a grand style timber structure is to start with the grade that defines the basic module (dou kou); next comes with the number of bracket set (cuan), the number of longitudinal bays and the number of purlins which affect its plan and cross section; thirdly choose a roof type that determines its longitudinal section and the facade as well. A series of formulae are conducted to help depict the layout, cross sectional roof curvature and special longitudinal treatments in 4 sloped and 9 spined roofs respectively.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52173255)the Opening Project of the Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Chemistry of Low-Dimensional Materials (No.JSKC20021)the Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Micro/nanomaterials and Equipment (Co-constructed by Jiangsu Province and Ministry of Education)。
文摘Popularization of lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs) is still hindered by shuttle effect and volume expansion.Herein, a new modularized sulfur storage strategy is proposed to solve above problems and accomplished via employing 100% space utilization host material of cobalt loaded carbon nanoparticles derived from ZIF-67. The modular dispersed storage of sulfur not only greatly increases the proportion of active sulfur,but also inhibits the occurrence of volume expansion. Meanwhile, 100% space utilization host material can greatly improve the conductivity of the cathode, provide a larger electrolyte wetting interface and effectively suppress the shuttle effect. Moreover, loaded cobalt particles have high catalytic activity for electrochemical reaction and can effectively improve the redox kinetics. The cell with new cathode host material carbonized at 650 ℃(ZIF-67(650 ℃)) exhibits superior rate performance and can maintain a high specific capacity of 950 m Ah/g after 100 cycles at 0.2 C, showing a good cycle stability.
基金supported by the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61403395)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin,China(Grant No.13JCYBJC39000)+3 种基金the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,State Education Ministry of Chinathe Fund from the Tianjin Key Laboratory of Civil Aircraft Airworthiness and Maintenance in Civil Aviation of China(Grant No.104003020106)the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2014CB744904)the Fund for the Scholars of Civil Aviation University of China(Grant No.2012QD21x)
文摘Modularized circuit designs for chaotic systems are introduced in this paper.Especially,a typical improved modularized design strategy is proposed and applied to a new hyper-chaotic system circuit implementation.In this paper,the detailed design procedures are described.Multisim simulations and physical experiments are conducted,and the simulation results are compared with Matlab simulation results for different system parameter pairs.These results are consistent with each other and they verify the existence of the hyper-chaotic attractor for this new hyper-chaotic system.
基金The Construction S&T Project of the Department of Transportation of Sichuan Province(Grant No.2023A02)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52109135).
文摘The surrounding geological conditions and supporting structures of underground engineering are often updated during construction,and these updates require repeated numerical modeling.To improve the numerical modeling efficiency of underground engineering,a modularized and parametric modeling cloud server is developed by using Python codes.The basic framework of the cloud server is as follows:input the modeling parameters into the web platform,implement Rhino software and FLAC3D software to model and run simulations in the cloud server,and return the simulation results to the web platform.The modeling program can automatically generate instructions that can run the modeling process in Rhino based on the input modeling parameters.The main modules of the modeling program include modeling the 3D geological structures,the underground engineering structures,and the supporting structures as well as meshing the geometric models.In particular,various cross-sections of underground caverns are crafted as parametricmodules in themodeling program.Themodularized and parametric modeling program is used for a finite element simulation of the underground powerhouse of the Shuangjiangkou Hydropower Station.This complicatedmodel is rapidly generated for the simulation,and the simulation results are reasonable.Thus,this modularized and parametric modeling program is applicable for three-dimensional finite element simulations and analyses.
基金Sponsored by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China (Grant No. ZR2019MEE047)the National Key Research and Development Project of China (Grant No. 2020YFB1901403)CSCEC Technical and Development Plan (Grant No. CSCEC-2020-Z-35)。
文摘Modularized construction is a new type of prefabricated building system with green environmental protection and excellent performance. There are few studies on the seismic performance of its key connection joint. This paper presents a new type of assembled connection joint for the high-rise modularized construction. Cyclic shear tests of full-scale joints were carried out, and the key indexes of their seismic performances including the hysteretic performance, ductility, and energy dissipation capacity were analyzed and obtained. The results show that the hysteresis loops of longitudinal and lateral cyclic shear tests were both plump in shapes. The ductility coefficients were 4.54 and 4.98, and the energy dissipation coefficients were 1.83 and 1.43, respectively. The test joint had good ductility and energy dissipation capacity. The positions of yield failure of specimens were mainly concentrated in the connection areas between the column and short beam or end-plate. The research can provide the technical reference for the seismic design and engineering application of related modularized constructions.
基金Projects(50921002, 50774084) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2007AA05Z318) supported by the National High-tech Research and Development Program of China+1 种基金Project(BK2010002) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of ChinaProject(20100480473) supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation
文摘A 40-60 t/h modularized dry coal beneficiation process with a novel method to control the bed was designed around a gas-solid fluidized bed separator. Furthermore, the hydrodynamics of medium-solids consisting of wide-size-range magnetite powder （0.3-0.06 ram） and 〈1 mm fine coal were numerically studied. The simulation results show that the fluidization performance of the wide-size-range medium-solid bed is good. The separation performance of the modularized system was then investigated in detail using a mixture of 〈0.3 mm magnetite powder （mass fraction of 0.3-0.06 mm particles is 91.38 %） and 〈1 mm fine coal as solid media. The experimental results show that at separation densities of 1.33 g/cm^3 or 1.61 g/cm^3, 50-6 mm coal can be separated effectively with probable error, E, values of 0.05 g/cm^3 and 0.06 g/cm^3, respectively. This technique is beneficial for saving water resources and for the clean utilization of coal.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 42027801, 42072284, and 42372297)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Nos. 2023YFC3012102 and 2021YFC2902004)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2023ZKPYSH01)
文摘The intricate interplay between rock mechanics and fracture-induced fluid flow during resource extrac-tion exerts profound effects on groundwater systems,posing a pivotal challenge for promoting green and safe development in underground engineering.To address this,a novel numerical model with an explicit coupling simulation strategy is presented.This model integrates distinct modules for individual physical mechanisms,ensuring second-order accuracy through shared time integration,thereby overcoming lim-itations in simulating mining-induced strata damage,water flow,and permeability dynamics.A novel mathematical model is incorporated into the mechanical simulation to characterize the abrupt increase in permeability resulting from rock fracture propagation.This increase is quantified by evaluating the plastic damage state of rocks and incorporating a damage coefficient that is intrinsically linked to rock strength.The mechanical model tracks permeability changes due to mining.The flow model simulates aquifer-mine water interactions by calculating hydraulic conductivity and using dynamic zoning,adapt-ing to mining progress.When applied to a case study of a complex mine,this approach significantly improved the accuracy of water inflow rate predictions by 57%.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant Nos.62306342,62176076)the Excellent Young Scientists Fund in Hunan Province(2024JJ4070)+3 种基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong(2023A1515012922)Shenzhen Foundational Research Funding(JCYJ20220818102415032)The Major Key Project of PCL(PCL2023A09)Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Security Intelligence Technologies(2022B1212010005k).
文摘Consistency identification in task-oriented dialogue(CI-ToD)can prevent inconsistent dialogue response generation,which has recently emerged as an important and growing research area.This paper takes the first step to explore a pre-training paradigm for CI-ToD.Nevertheless,pre-training for CI-ToD is non-trivial because it requires a large amount of multi-turn KB-grounded dialogues,which are extremely hard to collect.To alleviate the data scarcity problem for pre-training,we introduce a modularized pre-training framework(MPFToD),which is capable of utilizing large amounts of KB-free dialogues.Specifically,such modularization allows us to decouple CI-ToD into three sub-modules and propose three pre-training tasks including(i)query response matching pre-training;(ii)dialogue history consistent identification pre-training;and(iii)KB mask language modeling to enhance different abilities of CI-ToD model.As different sub-tasks are solved separately,MPFToD can learn from large amounts of KB-free dialogues for different modules,which are much easier to obtain.Results on the CI-ToD benchmark show that MPFToD pushes the state-of-the-art performance from 56.3%to 61.0%.Furthermore,we show its transferability with promising performance on other downstream tasks(i.e.,dialog act recognition,sentiment classification and table fact checking).
基金This work was supported by NSF of Tianjin(Nos.043115111-3,09ZCGYSF00400,200801100)National Key-Projects of Water Pollution Control and Prevention(Nos.2009ZX07209-001 and 2008ZX07314-005-011)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.5107906).
文摘A modularized and air adjustable constructed submerged plant bed(CSPB)which can be used to restore the eutrophic water is introduced in this paper.This plant bed helps hydrophyte grow under poor conditions such as frequently changed water depth,impaired water transparency,algae bloom and substantial duckweed in summer,which are not naturally suitable for growing hydrophyte.This pilot study in Waihuan River of Tianjin,China,revealed that reduction of Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD),Total Nitrogen(TN)and Total Phosphorus(TP)by the use of CSPB could be reached 30%-35%,35%-40%,30%-40%respectively in the growing season(from March to October)and 5%-10%,5%-15%,7%-20%respectively in the winter(from November to February)when the detention time was 6 d.The relationships between the concentration of COD,TN,TP and the detention time fit the first-order kinetic equation well and the coefficients of determination(R^(2))were all above 0.9.The attenuation coefficients k of the kinetic equation were a function of the water temperature.When the water temperature was quite low or quite high,k was not significantly changed with increasing or decreasing water temperature.While when the temperature was in a moderate range,an increase or decrease of water temperature would lead to a rapid increase or decrease in k.
基金partially supported by grants PID2020-115096RB-I00 and PID2023-148273NB-I00 from Ministerio de Ciencia y Universidad (MICIU/AEI)(to EMS)。
文摘GEMIN5 is a predominantly cytoplasmic multifunctional protein, known to be involved in recognizing snRNAs through its WD40 repeats domain placed at the N-terminus. A dimerization domain in the middle region acts as a hub for protein–protein interaction, while a non-canonical RNA-binding site is placed towards the C-terminus. The singular organization of structural domains present in GEMIN5 enables this protein to perform multiple functions through its ability to interact with distinct partners, both RNAs and proteins. This protein exerts a different role in translation regulation depending on its physiological state, such that while GEMIN5 down-regulates global RNA translation, the C-terminal half of the protein promotes translation of its mRNA. Additionally, GEMIN5 is responsible for the preferential partitioning of mRNAs into polysomes. Besides selective translation, GEMIN5 forms part of distinct ribonucleoprotein complexes, reflecting the dynamic organization of macromolecular complexes in response to internal and external signals. In accordance with its contribution to fundamental cellular processes, recent reports described clinical loss of function mutants suggesting that GEMIN5 deficiency is detrimental to cell growth and survival. Remarkably, patients carrying GEMIN5 biallelic variants suffer from neurodevelopmental delay, hypotonia, and cerebellar ataxia. Molecular analyses of individual variants, which are defective in protein dimerization, display decreased levels of ribosome association, reinforcing the involvement of the protein in translation regulation. Importantly, the number of clinical variants and the phenotypic spectrum associated with GEMIN5 disorders is increasing as the knowledge of the protein functions and the pathways linked to its activity augments. Here we discuss relevant advances concerning the functional and structural features of GEMIN5 and its separate domains in RNA-binding, protein interactome, and translation regulation, and how these data can help to understand the involvement of protein malfunction in clinical variants found in patients developing neurodevelopmental disorders.
基金funded by the Beijing Engineering Research Center of Electric Rail Transportation.
文摘Effective partitioning is crucial for enabling parallel restoration of power systems after blackouts.This paper proposes a novel partitioning method based on deep reinforcement learning.First,the partitioning decision process is formulated as a Markov decision process(MDP)model to maximize the modularity.Corresponding key partitioning constraints on parallel restoration are considered.Second,based on the partitioning objective and constraints,the reward function of the partitioning MDP model is set by adopting a relative deviation normalization scheme to reduce mutual interference between the reward and penalty in the reward function.The soft bonus scaling mechanism is introduced to mitigate overestimation caused by abrupt jumps in the reward.Then,the deep Q network method is applied to solve the partitioning MDP model and generate partitioning schemes.Two experience replay buffers are employed to speed up the training process of the method.Finally,case studies on the IEEE 39-bus test system demonstrate that the proposed method can generate a high-modularity partitioning result that meets all key partitioning constraints,thereby improving the parallelism and reliability of the restoration process.Moreover,simulation results demonstrate that an appropriate discount factor is crucial for ensuring both the convergence speed and the stability of the partitioning training.
基金funded by State Grid Corporation of China Central Branch Technology Project(52140024000C).
文摘In wind power transmission via modular multilevel converter based high voltage direct current(MMCHVDC)systems,under traditional control strategies,MMC-HVDCcannot provide inertia support to the receiving-end grid(REG)during disturbances.Moreover,due to the frequency decoupling between the two ends of the MMCHVDC,the sending-end wind farm(SEWF)cannot obtain the frequency variation information of the REG to provide inertia response.Therefore,this paper proposes a novel coordinated source-network-storage inertia control strategy based on wind power transmission via MMC-HVDC system.First,the grid-side MMC station(GS-MMC)maps the frequency variations of the REG to direct current(DC)voltage variations through the frequency mapping control,and uses submodule capacitor energy to provide inertial power.Then,the wind farm-side MMC station(WF-MMC)restores the DC voltage variations to frequency variations through the frequency restoration control and power loss compensation,providing real-time frequency information for the wind farm.Finally,based on real-time frequency information,thewind farmutilizes the rotor kinetic energy and energy storage to provide fast and lasting power support through the wind-storage coordinated inertia control strategy.Meanwhile,when the wind turbines withdraw from the inertia response phase,the energy storage can increase the power output to compensate for the power deficit,preventing secondary frequency drops.Furthermore,this paper uses small-signal analysis to determine the appropriate values for the key parameters of the proposed control strategy.A simulation model of the wind power transmission via MMCHVDC system is built in MATLAB/Simulink environment to validate and evaluate the proposed method.The results show that the proposed coordinated control strategy can effectively improve the system inertia level and avoid the secondary frequency drop under the load sudden increase condition.
基金supported by Science and Technology Project of the headquarters of the State Grid Corporation of China(No.5500-202324492A-3-2-ZN).
文摘To enhance power flow regulation in scenarios involving large-scale renewable energy transmission via high-voltage direct current(HVDC)links and multi-infeed DC systems in load-center regions,this paper proposes a hybrid modular multilevel converter–capacitor-commutated line-commutated converter(MMC-CLCC)HVDC transmission system and its corresponding control strategy.First,the system topology is constructed,and a submodule configuration method for the MMC—combining full-bridge submodules(FBSMs)and half-bridge submodules(HBSMs)—is proposed to enable direct power flow reversal.Second,a hierarchical control strategy is introduced,includingMMCvoltage control,CLCC current control,and a coordinationmechanism,along with the derivation of the hybrid system’s power flow reversal characteristics.Third,leveraging the CLCC’s fast current regulation and theMMC’s negative voltage control capability,a coordinated power flow reversal control strategy is developed.Finally,an 800 kV MMC-CLCC hybrid HVDC system is modeled in PSCAD/EMTDC to validate the power flow reversal performance under a high proportion of full-bridge submodule configuration.Results demonstrate that the proposed control strategy enables rapid(1-s transition)and smooth switching of bidirectional power flow without modifying the structure of primary equipment:the transient fluctuation ofDC voltage from the rated value(UdcN)to themaximumreverse voltage(-kUdcN)is less than 5%;the DC current strictly follows the preset characteristic curve with a deviation of≤3%;the active power reverses continuously,and the system maintains stable operation throughout the reversal process.
基金supported by a Killam Postdoctoral Fellowship from the Killam Trusts.
文摘The level 3 case for Ramanujan-type series has been considered as the most mysterious and the most challenging,out of all possible levels for Ramanujan-type series.This motivates the development of new techniques for constructing Ramanujan-type series of level 3.Chan and Liaw introduced an alternating analogue of the Borwein brothers’identity for Ramanujan-type series of level 3;subsequently,Chan,Liaw,and Tian formulated another proof of the Chan–Liaw identity,via the use of Ramanujan’s class invariant.Using the elliptic lambda function and the elliptic alpha function,we prove,via a limiting case of the Kummer–Goursat transformation,a new identity for evaluating the summands for alternating Ramanujan-type series of level 3,and we apply this new identity to prove three conjectured formulas for quadratic-irrational,Ramanujan-type series that had been discovered via numerical experiments with Maple in 2012 by Aldawoud.We also apply our identity to prove a new Ramanujan-type series of level 3 with a quartic convergence rate and quartic coefficients.
文摘Small modular reactor(SMR)belongs to the research forefront of nuclear reactor technology.Nowadays,advancement of intelligent control technologies paves a new way to the design and build of unmanned SMR.The autonomous control process of SMR can be divided into three stages,say,state diagnosis,autonomous decision-making and coordinated control.In this paper,the autonomous state recognition and task planning of unmanned SMR are investigated.An operating condition recognition method based on the knowledge base of SMR operation is proposed by using the artificial neural network(ANN)technology,which constructs a basis for the state judgment of intelligent reactor control path planning.An improved reinforcement learning path planning algorithm is utilized to implement the path transfer decision-makingThis algorithm performs condition transitions with minimal cost under specified modes.In summary,the full range control path intelligent decision-planning technology of SMR is realized,thus provides some theoretical basis for the design and build of unmanned SMR in the future.
基金Financial support was provided by the State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering(No.2022PY01)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22231002 and 21871095)the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(No.2020B010188001)。
文摘Lignans have been established as a privileged scaffold in drug discovery,particularly in anticancer and antioxidant properties.Concise and efficient construction of lignans and their derivatives in a single operation holds great medicinal significance for structure-activity relationship studies yet remains challenging.Drawing inspiration from the biosynthesis of lignans,we present a general,high-step-economy palladium-catalyzed reaction that converts simple chemical feedstocks into dehydrodibenzylbutyrolactone lignans through the in-situ construction and coupling of two phenylpropanoid molecules.The diversity of organoboronic acids and the editability of enyne provide a powerful platform for the rapid construction of lignan libraries,featuring 82 lignans analogs,collective syntheses of 10 distinct lignan skeletons,and 13 hybrid molecules combining pharmacophore fragments with drug and derivatives.The subtle combination of phosphine ligands with quinones for switching chemoselectivity is vital to the success of this protocol.
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12372048)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M742835)+3 种基金the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,China(No.2023A1515011421)the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(No.2022Z004053001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.D5000210833)the Young Talent Fund of Association for Science and Technology in Shaanxi,China(No.20220509)。
文摘The modular design pattern revolutionizes the monolithic morphology of traditional spacecraft into the reconfigurable combination of modular units.However,due to the morphological changes,the effective takeover control of the combination through multiple independent modules,including the controller and actuator modules,remains a challenge.In this paper,a robust takeover control scheme with high allocation accuracy,independent of precise inertia,is proposed for the reconfigurable combination in the presence of the inertia uncertainty,model parameters uncertainty,communication delay,and external disturbance.By reregulating the conditions for performance synthesis into a symmetric form with similar structure,a hybrid non-fragile H_(2)/H_(∞)controller is designed for handling two types of controller gain perturbations,achieving superior performance with less energy consumption through simultaneous perturbation suppression.Moreover,through temporarily storing the allocation signals in the initial stage to cover the upper bound of the communication delay,the proposed distributed dynamic allocation scheme enables the actuator modules to implement the control signals jointly to stabilize the combination.Distinguished from general allocators,the proposed high-precision allocation scheme under communication delay can not only ensure full exploitation of controller performance,but also dynamically adjust allocation coefficients based on energy consumption index of controller modules to prevent actuator saturation.Numerical simulations demonstrate the superiority of the proposed hybrid non-fragile controller and the allocation scheme.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32121004 and 32102720)the Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan Project(2024A04J6509)+3 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1800100)the Local Innovative and Research Teams Project of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program(2019BT02N054)the Double First-Class Discipline Promotion Project(2023B10564003)the 111 Project(D20008)。
文摘Tetracycline(TC)residues from anthropogenic activities undesirably present in nature as an emerging sustainability challenge and thereby require innovations in remediation technologies.Herein,as inspired by the microcompartment structure in living organisms,we adopt a synthetic biology approach to engineer the FerTiG,a modular enzyme assembly,to robustly scavenge TC residues with improved performance.The FerTiG consists of three functional modules,namely,a TC degradation module(Tet(X4)),a cofactor recycling module glucose dehydrogenase(GDH),and a protection module(ferritin),to organize diverse catalytic processes simultaneously as a biological circuit.The incorporation of GDH suitably fuels the FerTiG-dependent TC degradation by regenerating expensive nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH)cofactor with glucose.The ferritin shields the catalytic core of FerTiG to resiliently decompose TC under unfavorable conditions.Due to collaboration among functional modules,FerTiG strongly catalyzes the residual TC removal from multiple environmental matrices.The degradation pathways and environmental/biological safety of FerTiG are then elaborated,indicating the promising readiness for the application of FerTiG.In summary,this work presents a synthetic biology-based strategy to spontaneously impose residual antibiotic biodegradation for better sustainability management.The FerTiG is engineered as a proof-of-principle for TC removal;however,this'microcompartment-mimick ing'concept is of great interest in mitigating other sustainability challenges where modular catalytic machinery is applied.
文摘This paper comprehensively explores the impulsive on-orbit inspection game problem utilizing reinforcement learning and game training methods.The purpose of the spacecraft is to inspect the entire surface of a non-cooperative target with active maneuverability in front lighting.First,the impulsive orbital game problem is formulated as a turn-based sequential game problem.Second,several typical relative orbit transfers are encapsulated into modules to construct a parameterized action space containing discrete modules and continuous parameters,and multi-pass deep Q-networks(MPDQN)algorithm is used to implement autonomous decision-making.Then,a curriculum learning method is used to gradually increase the difficulty of the training scenario.The backtracking proportional self-play training framework is used to enhance the agent’s ability to defeat inconsistent strategies by building a pool of opponents.The behavior variations of the agents during training indicate that the intelligent game system gradually evolves towards an equilibrium situation.The restraint relations between the agents show that the agents steadily improve the strategy.The influence of various factors on game results is tested.
