In this paper,the Taixin Integrated Economic Zone in Shanxi Province is taken as the research object,and the coupling coordination degree model and bivariate spatial autocorrelation model are used to judge the couplin...In this paper,the Taixin Integrated Economic Zone in Shanxi Province is taken as the research object,and the coupling coordination degree model and bivariate spatial autocorrelation model are used to judge the coupling coordination and spatial-temporal correlation between urbanization and ecosystem service,and the hotspot analysis is used to judge the spatial-temporal trend of urbanization and ecosystem service.The results show that:(1)The urbanization level from 2000 to 2020 continued to rise,the areas with relatively high urbanization were concentrated in the central part of the study area,and the relatively high terrain areas on both sides of the study area,the urbanization was relatively slow,and the hotspot areas with highly significant and significant urbanization level from 2000 to 2020 were distributed as bands in the central part of the study area and the area was rising,and there was no Cold spot area distribution;between 2000 and 2020,the ecosystem service value in the study area increased by 2.6800×10^(8) yuan.Over these two decades,it exhibited a development trend that first rose and then declined.The woodland and grassland agglomeration areas were located on the two sides of the study area,forming highly significant and significant hotspots.Conversely,the central and northeastern parts of the study area were characterized by concentrated man-made land surfaces and croplands,resulting in the formation of highly significant and significant cold spots.(2)In the central part of the study area where man-made land surface and cultivated land are concentrated,the coupling coordination between urbanization and ecosystem service is in the intermediate dislocation and mild dislocation interval;the woodland and grassland concentration areas on both sides of the study area are ecologically fragile,and the coupling coordination between the two is in the level of less than intermediate dislocation.(3)From 2000 to 2020,urbanization and the value of ecosystem services were both negatively correlated,although the correlation coefficient was low.In the central and northeastern parts,urbanization and ecosystem service exhibited patterns of high-low,high-high,and low-low clustering.Conversely,on both sides of the study area,most of the clusters showed a low-high pattern.展开更多
The uneven distribution of medical resources has led to increasingly frequent patient mobility;however, the interaction between this phenomenon and the healthcare supply-demand relationship remains underexplored. The ...The uneven distribution of medical resources has led to increasingly frequent patient mobility;however, the interaction between this phenomenon and the healthcare supply-demand relationship remains underexplored. The present study constructed the 2023Cross-City Patient Mobility Network in China using one million patient mobility data records obtained from online healthcare platforms. We applied urban network analysis to uncover mobility patterns and used the coupling coordination degree model to assess healthcare supply-demand relationships before and after patient mobility. Explainable machine learning further revealed the impact of supply-demand coupling on patient mobility. The results indicated the following: Patient mobility followed administrative boundaries, although megacities serve areas beyond provincial borders;The scale of healthcare supply and demand displayed a multi-centric spatial pattern with a general decline from east to west, and these characteristics of demand distribution were further solidified by patient mobility;Cities with low supply-demand coupling and undersupply experienced patient outflows, while cities with high coupling and oversupply attracted them. In turn, patient mobility helped balance healthcare supply and demand, optimising the coupling relationship across cities. Thus, this research not only provides a methodological reference for understanding the interaction between patient mobility and healthcare systems but also offers empirical insights for public health policy.展开更多
The computational cost required by the Ensemble Kalman Filter （EnKF） is much larger than that of some simpler assimilation schemes, such as Optimal Interpolation （OI） or three-dimension variational as- similation ...The computational cost required by the Ensemble Kalman Filter （EnKF） is much larger than that of some simpler assimilation schemes, such as Optimal Interpolation （OI） or three-dimension variational as- similation （3DVAR）. Ensemble optimal interpolation （EnOI）, a crudely simplified implementation of EnKF, is sometimes used as a substitute in some oceanic applications and requires much less computational time than EnKF. In this paper, to compromise between computational cost and dynamic covariance, we use the idea of ＂dressing＂ a small size dynamical ensemble with a larger number of static ensembles in order to form an approximate dynamic covariance. The term ＂dressing＂ means that a dynamical ensemble seed from model runs is perturbed by adding the anomalies of some static ensembles. This dressing EnKF （DrEnKF for short） scheme is tested in assimilation of real altimetry data in the Pacific using the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model （HYCOM） over a four-year period. Ten dynamical ensemble seeds are each dressed by 10 static ensemble members selected from a 100-member static ensemble. Results are compared to two EnKF assimilation runs that use 10 and 100 dynamical ensemble members. Both temperature and salinity fields from the DrEnKF and the EnKF are compared to observations from Argo floats and an OI SST dataset. The results show that the DrEnKF and the 100-member EnKF yield similar root mean square errors （RMSE） at every model level. Error covariance matrices from the DrEnKF and the 100-member EnKF are also compared and show good agreement.展开更多
Variations in water exchange through the Kerama Gap （between Okinawa Island and Miyakojima Island） from 1979 to 2003 were estimated with the 0.08° Pacific HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model （HYCOM）. The model resu...Variations in water exchange through the Kerama Gap （between Okinawa Island and Miyakojima Island） from 1979 to 2003 were estimated with the 0.08° Pacific HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model （HYCOM）. The model results show that the mean transport through the Kerama Gap （KGT） from the Pacific Ocean to the East China Sea （ECS） was 2.1 Sv, which agrees well with the observed mean KGT （2.0 Sv） for 2009- 2010. Over the time period examined, the monthly KGT varied from -10.9 Sv to 15.8 Sv and had a standard deviation of ＋5.0 Sv. The water mainly enters the ECS via the subsurface layer （300-500 m） along the northeastern slope of the Kerama Gap and mainly flows out of the ECS into the southwest of the Kerama Gap. The seasonal and interannual variations of the KGT and the Kuroshio upstream transport were negatively correlated. The Kuroshio upstream transport was largest in summer and smallest in auamm while the KGT was smallest in summer （1.02 Sv） and largest in spring （2.94 Sv） and autumn （2.44 Sv）. The seasonal and interarmual variations in the Kuroshio downstream （across the PN-line） transport differed significantly from the Kuroshio upstream transport but corresponded well with the KGT and the sum of the transport through the Kerama Gap and the Kuroshio upstream, which indicates that information about variation in the KGT is important for determining variation in the Kuroshio transport along the PN-line.展开更多
In order to resolve the coordination and optimization of the power network planning effectively, on the basis of introducing the concept of power intelligence center (PIC), the key factor power flow, line investment a...In order to resolve the coordination and optimization of the power network planning effectively, on the basis of introducing the concept of power intelligence center (PIC), the key factor power flow, line investment and load that impact generation sector, transmission sector and dispatching center in PIC were analyzed and a multi-objective coordination optimal model for new power intelligence center (NPIC) was established. To ensure the reliability and coordination of power grid and reduce investment cost, two aspects were optimized. The evolutionary algorithm was introduced to solve optimal power flow problem and the fitness function was improved to ensure the minimum cost of power generation. The gray particle swarm optimization (GPSO) algorithm was used to forecast load accurately, which can ensure the network with high reliability. On this basis, the multi-objective coordination optimal model which was more practical and in line with the need of the electricity market was proposed, then the coordination model was effectively solved through the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm, and the corresponding algorithm was obtained. The optimization of IEEE30 node system shows that the evolutionary algorithm can effectively solve the problem of optimal power flow. The average load forecasting of GPSO is 26.97 MW, which has an error of 0.34 MW compared with the actual load. The algorithm has higher forecasting accuracy. The multi-objective coordination optimal model for NPIC can effectively process the coordination and optimization problem of power network.展开更多
When there exists anisotropy in underground media elastic parameters of the observed coordinate possibly do not coincide with that of the natural coordinate. According to the theory that the density of potential energ...When there exists anisotropy in underground media elastic parameters of the observed coordinate possibly do not coincide with that of the natural coordinate. According to the theory that the density of potential energy, dissipating energy is independent of the coordinate, the relationship of elastic parameters between two coordinates is derived for two-phase anisotropic media. Then, pseudospectral method to solve wave equations of two-phase anisotropic media is derived. At last, we use this method to simulate wave propagation in two-phase anisotropic media four types of waves are observed in the snapshots, i.e., fast P wave and slow P wave, fast S wave and slow S wave. Shear wave splitting, SV wave cusps and elastic wave reflection and transmission are also observed.展开更多
Traditional model for calculating performance parameters of a fix-pad journal bearing leads to heavy workload, complicated and changeable formulae as it requires deriving various geometric formulae with different bear...Traditional model for calculating performance parameters of a fix-pad journal bearing leads to heavy workload, complicated and changeable formulae as it requires deriving various geometric formulae with different bearing types such as circular journal bearing, dislocated bearing and elliptic bearing. Considering different pad preload ratios for non-standard bearing, traditional model not only becomes more complicated but also reduces scalability and promotion of the calculation programs. For the complexly case of traditional model while dealing with various fix-pad journal bearings, unified coordinate system model for performance calculation of fix-pad journal bearing is presented in the paper. A unified coordinate system with the bearing center at the origin is established, and the eccentricity ratio and attitude angle of axis relative to each pad are calculated through the coordinates of journal center and each pad center. Geometric description of fix-pad journal bearing is unified in this model, which can be used for both various standard bearing and non-standard bearing with different pad preload ratios. Validity of this model is verified with an elliptical bearing. Performance of a non-standard four-leaf bearing with different pad preload ratios is calculated based on this model. The calculation result shows that increasing preload ratio of the pad 1 and keeping that of the left three pads constant improves bearing capacity, stiffness and damping coefficients. This research presents a unified coordinate system model unifies performance calculation of fix-pad journal bearings and studied a non-standard four-leaf bearing with different pad preload ratios, the research conclusions provides new methods for performance calculation of fix-pad journal bearings.展开更多
A historical run(1993–2014)of a global,eddy-permitting,hybrid coordinate ocean model(HYCOM)is evaluated against observations.The authors evaluate several metrics in the model,including the spatial distribution of sea...A historical run(1993–2014)of a global,eddy-permitting,hybrid coordinate ocean model(HYCOM)is evaluated against observations.The authors evaluate several metrics in the model,including the spatial distribution of sea surface temperature(SST),the zonally averaged seasonal cycle of SST,the variability of the sea level anomaly(SLA),the zonally and meridionally averaged temperature and salinity,and the equatorial undercurrent.It is found that the simulated seasonal cycle of SST is 0.2–0.8 stronger than observed at midlatitudes.The modeled SST is 0.29°C warmer than the observed for the global ocean.the structure of the subsurface temperature and salinity is similar to the observed.moreover,the variability of SLA exhibits the same pattern as observed.The modeled equatorial undercurrent in the pacific ocean is weaker than observed,but stronger than the ecco reanalysis product.overall,the model can reproduce the large-scale ocean states,and is suitable for analyses seeking to better understand the dynamics and thermodynamics of the upper ocean,as well as ocean variability.展开更多
To solve the inventory coordination model in a multi-stage, multi-customer supply chain, this paper first analyzes the third model （integer powers of two multipliers at each firm） studied by Moutaz Khouja （2003）, ...To solve the inventory coordination model in a multi-stage, multi-customer supply chain, this paper first analyzes the third model （integer powers of two multipliers at each firm） studied by Moutaz Khouja （2003）, and the authors take a numerical example to prove that the third model is irrational to miss feasible solution. Then this paper puts up a new improved model （integer multiplier at each firm）, and takes the example to prove it gives better results than the integer powers of two multipliers at each firm.展开更多
Extreme climate and urbanization lead to frequent urban floods,and urban water system dispatching is an important means of urban flood control.A coupled model is proposed to simulate urban floods in real‐time and ach...Extreme climate and urbanization lead to frequent urban floods,and urban water system dispatching is an important means of urban flood control.A coupled model is proposed to simulate urban floods in real‐time and achieve comprehensive water system control for urban floods.First,the systematical description of coordinated drainage and regulation model of urban water systems in China is introduced,then the practice of Fuzhou city was taken as an example to introduce the prediction and forecast systems,as well as water system regulation for urban flood and waterlogging disaster in detail.Results show that the root‐mean‐square error of river flood prediction is less than 0.3 and that the calculation time of waterlogging simulation is less than 10 min;the optimization regulation reduces the peak river water level by 31 cm.This study will establish a novel urban water system management model to help urban managers better reduce the loss caused by urban floods.展开更多
Based on the general requirements of the coordinated development of"ecological livable"and"affluent life"in the rural revitalization strategy,the evaluation index system of desertification control ...Based on the general requirements of the coordinated development of"ecological livable"and"affluent life"in the rural revitalization strategy,the evaluation index system of desertification control was constructed,the interaction between desertification control and regional social economy and the internal space-time coordination mechanism were explored,and the quality of desertification control and its coordination degree with regional economic development were quantitatively analyzed.The decoupling mechanism of desertification governance society economy system were analyzed,and the high level for the government to promote desertification governance,constructing ecological economy coordinated development pattern to provide decision basis to Xizang desertification governance-social economic system interaction and coupling coordination development as the research object,introducing the coupling decoupling model to measure the coupling coordination model and system coordination and decoupling decoupling.Desertification control in Xizang shows a trend of gradual improvement,but the overall level is still not high and there is a lot of room for optimization.The coupling coordination degree of desertification control-social and economic system is in a steady fluctuation trend,rising from D value less than 0.55 in 2004 to 0.87 in 2018,in a state of coordinated development(good),and grey prediction analysis shows that D value is in a continuous rise.The coupling coordination degree of the six prefecture-level cities in Xizang and Ngari region is different in time and space,but the overall development trend is coordinated.The development index of desertification control and the socio-economic development index show the interaction of strong decoupling,strong negative decoupling and weak decoupling,and there are interaction effects of desertification control,economic development and social development at different scales.展开更多
Urban Comprehensive Carrying Capacity(UCCC)can describe the development of a city and is an important guarantee for its sustainable development.Production-Living-Ecological Space(PLES)is an important guideline for the...Urban Comprehensive Carrying Capacity(UCCC)can describe the development of a city and is an important guarantee for its sustainable development.Production-Living-Ecological Space(PLES)is an important guideline for the optimal development of China's land space in the new era.Based on the PLES,we construct a UCCC index system and analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the UCCC of each city in Zhejiang Province from 2006 to 2020.In addition,a coupling coordination degree model and an obstacle degree model are introduced to analyze the coupling coordination degree of the development of PLES of each city and the main constraint indicators,respectively,and a GM(1,1)model is used to predict the UCCC of each city in Zhejiang Province from 2021 to 2025.The study indicates that(1)the UCCC of each city is steadily increasing,with a growth rate of over 30%in 15 years.(2)As of 2020,the highest degree of coupling coordination reaches only 0.508,and it remains a major challenge for cities to improve the coordination degree of land use.(3)Some production space and living space indicators are the main obstacle indicators hindering the development of the UCCC in Zhejiang Province.(4)The forecast results show that the UCCC in each city will still maintain an upwards trend in the following 6 years and will gradually reach a high carrying capacity level.展开更多
Based on a total of 16 indicators selected from the tourism and transport industries,an evaluation index system of the coupling and coordination development level of tourism and transport is constructed.The entropy va...Based on a total of 16 indicators selected from the tourism and transport industries,an evaluation index system of the coupling and coordination development level of tourism and transport is constructed.The entropy value method and the coupling coordination degree model are used to conduct an empirical study on the development level and coupling coordination level of the transport and tourism industries in Chengdu City from 2011 to 2020.The results show that,on the whole,the coupling coordination degree of transport and tourism in Chengdu is poor and has been in a state of mild to moderate dysfunction.The development level of tourism lagged behind the development of transport from 2011 to 2012,and the two were in a state of mild dysfunction.However,from 2013 onwards,the development level of tourism was prioritized over the development level of transport.This shift caused the coupling coordination degree of the two industries to decline sharply to 0.23305 in 2013.The development level of the tourism industry increased again,reaching 0.34206 in 2019,which marked an improvement.Consequently,the coordination degree of the transport and tourism industries evolved from moderate dislocation to mild dislocation.Finally,the results of the empirical research are analyzed,and corresponding suggestions are put forward to promote the sustainable growth of the transport and tourism industries in Chengdu City.These suggestions aim to improve the coupled and coordinated development level of the two industries.展开更多
A pheromone-based coordination approach and a prototype implementation for task allocation are pro- posed, for dealing with the static task allocation. The approach uses an indirect coordination mechanism, called pher...A pheromone-based coordination approach and a prototype implementation for task allocation are pro- posed, for dealing with the static task allocation. The approach uses an indirect coordination mechanism, called pheromone, which comes from the collective behavior of ant colonies for food foraging. Therefore it can automat- ically find efficient manufacturing cells for processing tasks and reduce communication overhead, which exists in the contract net protocol. Experimental results confirm that the approach has excellent stability and optimization ability for task allocation problems in a static environment.展开更多
Urban resilience is an emerging research topic of urban studies, and its essence is described by the ability of cities to resist, recover, and adapt to uncertain disturbances. This paper constructs a "Size-Densit...Urban resilience is an emerging research topic of urban studies, and its essence is described by the ability of cities to resist, recover, and adapt to uncertain disturbances. This paper constructs a "Size-Density-Morphology" urban ecological resilience evaluation system, uses a coupling coordination degree model to measure the degree of coupling coordination between urbanization and ecological resilience in the Pearl River Delta from 2000 to 2015, and conducts an in-depth discussion on its spatiotemporal characteristics. The results show the following.(1) From 2000 to 2015, the urbanization level of cities in the study area generally increased while the level of ecological resilience declined. The coupling coordination degree between the two systems decreased from basic coordination to basic imbalance.(2) In terms of spatial distribution, the coupling coordination degree between urbanization and ecological resilience of cities presented a circular pattern that centered on the cities at the estuary of the Pearl River and increased toward the periphery.(3) Ecological resilience sub-systems played variable roles in the coupling coordination between urbanization and ecological resilience. Specifically, size resilience mainly played a reverse blocking role;the influence of morphology resilience was generally positive and continued to increase over time;the effect of density resilience was positive and continued to decline and further became negative after falling below zero. The main pathways for achieving coordinated and sustainable development of future urbanization and ecological resilience in the Pearl River Delta include: leading the coordinated development of regions with new urbanization, improving ecological resilience by strictly observing the three areas and three lines, adapting to ecological carrying capacity, and rationally arranging urban green spaces.展开更多
In the present study,Sm^(3+)activated inorganic orthophosphate CsMgPO_(4)(CSMP)phosphors were prepared by adopting a solid-state reaction method.The structural phase purity and morphological features were studied by X...In the present study,Sm^(3+)activated inorganic orthophosphate CsMgPO_(4)(CSMP)phosphors were prepared by adopting a solid-state reaction method.The structural phase purity and morphological features were studied by X-ray powder diffraction(XRD)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM),respectively.The molecular structure and vibrational modes were substantiated with the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and Raman spectroscopy characterization.The optical bandgap of the host and Sm^(3+)doped phosphors was deduced from the diffused reflectance(DR)spectra with a typical value of 5.72 eV and a small variation is observed with increasing concentrations.A systematic study of photoluminescence(PL)properties of Sm^(3+)doped CSMP phosphors was carried out.From the room temperature excitation and emission spectra,it is found that the phosphor emits in the orange rich red light under the suitable excitation of 402 nm in the UV region and concentration quenching occurs at x=0.02 doping level.The emission peaks observed at around 562,598 and 644 nm confirm the characteristic Sm^(3+)4 f-4 f transitions.The temperature-dependent photoluminescence(TD-PL)of the x=0.02(optimum doping)is recorded from 30 to 210℃,showing good thermal stability even at 150℃.The thermal quenching mechanisms are discussed based on the configuration coordinate model of excitation and emission.The prepared phosphors are found to exhibit near thermal stability compared to the commercially available red phosphors.PL decay time and quantum efficiency were measured.The colour coordinates are found to lie in the orangish-red region of the colour space.Thus the prepared phosphors CSMP:x Sm^(3+)can be useful as a red component in designing UV excitable chip-based phosphor-converted white LED applications.展开更多
To realize efficient and sustainable poverty alleviation,this study firstly investigated the identification of multidimensional poverty and relative poverty,and then explored relevant poverty alleviation pathways.Pove...To realize efficient and sustainable poverty alleviation,this study firstly investigated the identification of multidimensional poverty and relative poverty,and then explored relevant poverty alleviation pathways.Poverty levels in 31 provinces including the autonomous regions and municipalities of China were identified at the county level using the average nighttime light index(ANLI),county multidimensional development index(CMDI),and a method combining multidimensional poverty index and relative poverty standards.Poverty alleviation pathways for poverty-stricken counties were explored from the aspects of industry,education,tourism and agriculture.The results revealed that nearly 60% of counties in China were primarily under relative poverty,most of which were corresponded to light relative poverty.In terms of ANLI and CMDI,63% and 79% of the national poverty-stricken counties,as of 2018,could be identified,suggesting that CMDI had a higher performance for identifying poverty at the county level.In terms of poverty alleviation pathways,414,172,442,and 298 poverty-stricken counties were receptive to industry poverty alleviation,education poverty alleviation,tourism poverty alleviation,and agriculture poverty alleviation,and 61%of counties had more poverty-causing factors,implying that multidimensional poverty alleviation is suitable in most of the counties.展开更多
To comprehensively understand the law of urban-rural relationship and propose scientific measures of urban-rural coordinated development in Northeast China,this study uses the coupling coordination degree model and ge...To comprehensively understand the law of urban-rural relationship and propose scientific measures of urban-rural coordinated development in Northeast China,this study uses the coupling coordination degree model and geographically and temporally weighted regression(GTWR)model to analyze the spatial-temporal patterns and the corresponding driving mechanisms of its urban-rural coordination since 1990.The results are as follows.First,the urban-rural coupling coordination degree in Northeast China was very low and improved slowly,but its stages of evolution is a good interpretation of the strategic arrangements of China's urbanization.Second,the urban-rural coupling coordination degree in Northeast China had spatial differences and was characterized by central polarization,converging on urban agglomeration,which was high in the south and low in the north.Moreover,the gap between the north and south weakened.Third,the spatial-temporal evolution of the urban-rural coordination relationship in Northeast China was influenced by pulling from the central cities,pushing from rural transformation,and government regulations.The influence intensity of the three mechanisms was weak,but the pulling from the central cities was stronger than that of the other two mechanisms.Furthermore,the spatial difference between the three mechanisms determines the spatial pattern and its evolution of the urban-rural coordination relationship in Northeast China.Fourth,to promote the development of urban-rural coordination in Northeast China,it is essential to advance urban-rural economic correlation,enhance the government^role in regulating and guiding,and adopt different policies for each region in Northeast China.展开更多
Promoting coordinated development of resources and environment is an important aspect of building a harmonious society and ecologically sustainable civilization. Here we provide scientific basis to promote the develop...Promoting coordinated development of resources and environment is an important aspect of building a harmonious society and ecologically sustainable civilization. Here we provide scientific basis to promote the development of ecologically sensitive civilization, via a mathematical statistics method that calculates the degree of coordinated development. This model is of great practical and social significance, providing strength to research around coordinated development of resources and economy. Based on evaluation of characteristics of the present resource environment and economic development of Shandong Peninsula city group, a coordinated measure of resource environment and economic development was calculated. Overall, the highest coordination measurement was found for Weihai, followed by Yantai, Qingdao, Ji'nan, Weifang, Rizhao, Zibo and Dongying. According to evaluation results of coordination measures for each city, we put forward suggestions for sustainable development of Shandong Peninsula region.展开更多
A hybrid coordinate ocean model （ltYCOM） is used to simulate the Kuroshio frontal eddies in the East China Sea （ECS）. The research area is located （20°-32°N, 120°-132°E）. Using tile simulatin...A hybrid coordinate ocean model （ltYCOM） is used to simulate the Kuroshio frontal eddies in the East China Sea （ECS）. The research area is located （20°-32°N, 120°-132°E）. Using tile simulating data, it is figured out that the Kuroshio frontal eddies occur in summer as well as in the other season in this area. The life cycle of the Kuroshio and its frontal eddies is different with the position. The life-cycle of the Kuroshio frontal eddies of the northwest Diaoyu Islands is about 14 d; and the life cycle of the Kuroshio frontal eddies of southwest Yakushima about 20 d. This result extends the in situ researching results greatly. In addition, the vertical impact depth of the Kuroshio frontal eddies is also changing with the position. On the whole, in the ECS, the maximum impact depth of the Kuroshio frontal eddies of the northwest Taiwan Islands is about 75 m; the maximum impact depth of the Kuroshio frontal eddies of the northwest Diaoyu Islands is more than 125 m, but no more than 200 m; and the maximum impact depth of the Kuroshio frontal eddies of southwest Yakushima is up to 100 m.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(Grant No.20210302124437)the Graduate Student Research and Innovation Project of Shanxi Province(Grant No.2023KY551).
文摘In this paper,the Taixin Integrated Economic Zone in Shanxi Province is taken as the research object,and the coupling coordination degree model and bivariate spatial autocorrelation model are used to judge the coupling coordination and spatial-temporal correlation between urbanization and ecosystem service,and the hotspot analysis is used to judge the spatial-temporal trend of urbanization and ecosystem service.The results show that:(1)The urbanization level from 2000 to 2020 continued to rise,the areas with relatively high urbanization were concentrated in the central part of the study area,and the relatively high terrain areas on both sides of the study area,the urbanization was relatively slow,and the hotspot areas with highly significant and significant urbanization level from 2000 to 2020 were distributed as bands in the central part of the study area and the area was rising,and there was no Cold spot area distribution;between 2000 and 2020,the ecosystem service value in the study area increased by 2.6800×10^(8) yuan.Over these two decades,it exhibited a development trend that first rose and then declined.The woodland and grassland agglomeration areas were located on the two sides of the study area,forming highly significant and significant hotspots.Conversely,the central and northeastern parts of the study area were characterized by concentrated man-made land surfaces and croplands,resulting in the formation of highly significant and significant cold spots.(2)In the central part of the study area where man-made land surface and cultivated land are concentrated,the coupling coordination between urbanization and ecosystem service is in the intermediate dislocation and mild dislocation interval;the woodland and grassland concentration areas on both sides of the study area are ecologically fragile,and the coupling coordination between the two is in the level of less than intermediate dislocation.(3)From 2000 to 2020,urbanization and the value of ecosystem services were both negatively correlated,although the correlation coefficient was low.In the central and northeastern parts,urbanization and ecosystem service exhibited patterns of high-low,high-high,and low-low clustering.Conversely,on both sides of the study area,most of the clusters showed a low-high pattern.
基金Humanities and Social Sciences Fund of Ministry of Education of China,No.24YJA630097National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42471304。
文摘The uneven distribution of medical resources has led to increasingly frequent patient mobility;however, the interaction between this phenomenon and the healthcare supply-demand relationship remains underexplored. The present study constructed the 2023Cross-City Patient Mobility Network in China using one million patient mobility data records obtained from online healthcare platforms. We applied urban network analysis to uncover mobility patterns and used the coupling coordination degree model to assess healthcare supply-demand relationships before and after patient mobility. Explainable machine learning further revealed the impact of supply-demand coupling on patient mobility. The results indicated the following: Patient mobility followed administrative boundaries, although megacities serve areas beyond provincial borders;The scale of healthcare supply and demand displayed a multi-centric spatial pattern with a general decline from east to west, and these characteristics of demand distribution were further solidified by patient mobility;Cities with low supply-demand coupling and undersupply experienced patient outflows, while cities with high coupling and oversupply attracted them. In turn, patient mobility helped balance healthcare supply and demand, optimising the coupling relationship across cities. Thus, this research not only provides a methodological reference for understanding the interaction between patient mobility and healthcare systems but also offers empirical insights for public health policy.
基金supported by the Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KZCX1-YW-12-03)National Basic Research Program of China (2006CB403600)+3 种基金Project of Young Scientists Fund by National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (Grant No. 40606008)National Science and Technology Infrastructure Program(2006BAC03B04)supported by National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (Grant No.40531006)supported by a private donation from Trond Mohn c/o Frank Mohn AS, Bergenand the MERSEA project from the European Commission (Grant No. SIP3-CT-2003-502885)
文摘The computational cost required by the Ensemble Kalman Filter （EnKF） is much larger than that of some simpler assimilation schemes, such as Optimal Interpolation （OI） or three-dimension variational as- similation （3DVAR）. Ensemble optimal interpolation （EnOI）, a crudely simplified implementation of EnKF, is sometimes used as a substitute in some oceanic applications and requires much less computational time than EnKF. In this paper, to compromise between computational cost and dynamic covariance, we use the idea of ＂dressing＂ a small size dynamical ensemble with a larger number of static ensembles in order to form an approximate dynamic covariance. The term ＂dressing＂ means that a dynamical ensemble seed from model runs is perturbed by adding the anomalies of some static ensembles. This dressing EnKF （DrEnKF for short） scheme is tested in assimilation of real altimetry data in the Pacific using the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model （HYCOM） over a four-year period. Ten dynamical ensemble seeds are each dressed by 10 static ensemble members selected from a 100-member static ensemble. Results are compared to two EnKF assimilation runs that use 10 and 100 dynamical ensemble members. Both temperature and salinity fields from the DrEnKF and the EnKF are compared to observations from Argo floats and an OI SST dataset. The results show that the DrEnKF and the 100-member EnKF yield similar root mean square errors （RMSE） at every model level. Error covariance matrices from the DrEnKF and the 100-member EnKF are also compared and show good agreement.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41306020)the National Ocean Subject(No.XDA11020601)+1 种基金the NSFC Shandong Joint Found for Marine Science Research Centers(No.U1406401)the NSFC Innovative Group Grant(No.41421005)
文摘Variations in water exchange through the Kerama Gap （between Okinawa Island and Miyakojima Island） from 1979 to 2003 were estimated with the 0.08° Pacific HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model （HYCOM）. The model results show that the mean transport through the Kerama Gap （KGT） from the Pacific Ocean to the East China Sea （ECS） was 2.1 Sv, which agrees well with the observed mean KGT （2.0 Sv） for 2009- 2010. Over the time period examined, the monthly KGT varied from -10.9 Sv to 15.8 Sv and had a standard deviation of ＋5.0 Sv. The water mainly enters the ECS via the subsurface layer （300-500 m） along the northeastern slope of the Kerama Gap and mainly flows out of the ECS into the southwest of the Kerama Gap. The seasonal and interannual variations of the KGT and the Kuroshio upstream transport were negatively correlated. The Kuroshio upstream transport was largest in summer and smallest in auamm while the KGT was smallest in summer （1.02 Sv） and largest in spring （2.94 Sv） and autumn （2.44 Sv）. The seasonal and interarmual variations in the Kuroshio downstream （across the PN-line） transport differed significantly from the Kuroshio upstream transport but corresponded well with the KGT and the sum of the transport through the Kerama Gap and the Kuroshio upstream, which indicates that information about variation in the KGT is important for determining variation in the Kuroshio transport along the PN-line.
基金Project (70671039) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘In order to resolve the coordination and optimization of the power network planning effectively, on the basis of introducing the concept of power intelligence center (PIC), the key factor power flow, line investment and load that impact generation sector, transmission sector and dispatching center in PIC were analyzed and a multi-objective coordination optimal model for new power intelligence center (NPIC) was established. To ensure the reliability and coordination of power grid and reduce investment cost, two aspects were optimized. The evolutionary algorithm was introduced to solve optimal power flow problem and the fitness function was improved to ensure the minimum cost of power generation. The gray particle swarm optimization (GPSO) algorithm was used to forecast load accurately, which can ensure the network with high reliability. On this basis, the multi-objective coordination optimal model which was more practical and in line with the need of the electricity market was proposed, then the coordination model was effectively solved through the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm, and the corresponding algorithm was obtained. The optimization of IEEE30 node system shows that the evolutionary algorithm can effectively solve the problem of optimal power flow. The average load forecasting of GPSO is 26.97 MW, which has an error of 0.34 MW compared with the actual load. The algorithm has higher forecasting accuracy. The multi-objective coordination optimal model for NPIC can effectively process the coordination and optimization problem of power network.
文摘When there exists anisotropy in underground media elastic parameters of the observed coordinate possibly do not coincide with that of the natural coordinate. According to the theory that the density of potential energy, dissipating energy is independent of the coordinate, the relationship of elastic parameters between two coordinates is derived for two-phase anisotropic media. Then, pseudospectral method to solve wave equations of two-phase anisotropic media is derived. At last, we use this method to simulate wave propagation in two-phase anisotropic media four types of waves are observed in the snapshots, i.e., fast P wave and slow P wave, fast S wave and slow S wave. Shear wave splitting, SV wave cusps and elastic wave reflection and transmission are also observed.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51275395)Major National Basic Research Development Program of China(973 Program,Grant Nos.2009CB724304-2,2009CB724404)
文摘Traditional model for calculating performance parameters of a fix-pad journal bearing leads to heavy workload, complicated and changeable formulae as it requires deriving various geometric formulae with different bearing types such as circular journal bearing, dislocated bearing and elliptic bearing. Considering different pad preload ratios for non-standard bearing, traditional model not only becomes more complicated but also reduces scalability and promotion of the calculation programs. For the complexly case of traditional model while dealing with various fix-pad journal bearings, unified coordinate system model for performance calculation of fix-pad journal bearing is presented in the paper. A unified coordinate system with the bearing center at the origin is established, and the eccentricity ratio and attitude angle of axis relative to each pad are calculated through the coordinates of journal center and each pad center. Geometric description of fix-pad journal bearing is unified in this model, which can be used for both various standard bearing and non-standard bearing with different pad preload ratios. Validity of this model is verified with an elliptical bearing. Performance of a non-standard four-leaf bearing with different pad preload ratios is calculated based on this model. The calculation result shows that increasing preload ratio of the pad 1 and keeping that of the left three pads constant improves bearing capacity, stiffness and damping coefficients. This research presents a unified coordinate system model unifies performance calculation of fix-pad journal bearings and studied a non-standard four-leaf bearing with different pad preload ratios, the research conclusions provides new methods for performance calculation of fix-pad journal bearings.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China [Grant No.2016YFC1401705]the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant Nos.41176015 and41776041]+2 种基金the Chinese Academy Sciences Project ‘Western Pacific Ocean System:Structure,Dynamics and Consequences’[Grant No.XDA11010203]confidencial military project [Grant No.315030401]the State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences [Project No.LTO1501]
文摘A historical run(1993–2014)of a global,eddy-permitting,hybrid coordinate ocean model(HYCOM)is evaluated against observations.The authors evaluate several metrics in the model,including the spatial distribution of sea surface temperature(SST),the zonally averaged seasonal cycle of SST,the variability of the sea level anomaly(SLA),the zonally and meridionally averaged temperature and salinity,and the equatorial undercurrent.It is found that the simulated seasonal cycle of SST is 0.2–0.8 stronger than observed at midlatitudes.The modeled SST is 0.29°C warmer than the observed for the global ocean.the structure of the subsurface temperature and salinity is similar to the observed.moreover,the variability of SLA exhibits the same pattern as observed.The modeled equatorial undercurrent in the pacific ocean is weaker than observed,but stronger than the ecco reanalysis product.overall,the model can reproduce the large-scale ocean states,and is suitable for analyses seeking to better understand the dynamics and thermodynamics of the upper ocean,as well as ocean variability.
文摘To solve the inventory coordination model in a multi-stage, multi-customer supply chain, this paper first analyzes the third model （integer powers of two multipliers at each firm） studied by Moutaz Khouja （2003）, and the authors take a numerical example to prove that the third model is irrational to miss feasible solution. Then this paper puts up a new improved model （integer multiplier at each firm）, and takes the example to prove it gives better results than the integer powers of two multipliers at each firm.
基金National Key R&D Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2022YFC3800102National Natural Science Fund,Grant/Award Number:52179027。
文摘Extreme climate and urbanization lead to frequent urban floods,and urban water system dispatching is an important means of urban flood control.A coupled model is proposed to simulate urban floods in real‐time and achieve comprehensive water system control for urban floods.First,the systematical description of coordinated drainage and regulation model of urban water systems in China is introduced,then the practice of Fuzhou city was taken as an example to introduce the prediction and forecast systems,as well as water system regulation for urban flood and waterlogging disaster in detail.Results show that the root‐mean‐square error of river flood prediction is less than 0.3 and that the calculation time of waterlogging simulation is less than 10 min;the optimization regulation reduces the peak river water level by 31 cm.This study will establish a novel urban water system management model to help urban managers better reduce the loss caused by urban floods.
基金supported by the Beijing Social Science Foundation Project(Grant No.18YJB011)the Ministry of Education Humanities and Social Science Research Fund for Youth Project(Grant No.20YJA790059)+2 种基金the National Social Science Foundation of China(Grant No.20FGLB022)the General Project of National Social Science Foundation of China(Grant No.19BGL052)the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project of Beijing Forestry University(Grant No.X202110022111).
文摘Based on the general requirements of the coordinated development of"ecological livable"and"affluent life"in the rural revitalization strategy,the evaluation index system of desertification control was constructed,the interaction between desertification control and regional social economy and the internal space-time coordination mechanism were explored,and the quality of desertification control and its coordination degree with regional economic development were quantitatively analyzed.The decoupling mechanism of desertification governance society economy system were analyzed,and the high level for the government to promote desertification governance,constructing ecological economy coordinated development pattern to provide decision basis to Xizang desertification governance-social economic system interaction and coupling coordination development as the research object,introducing the coupling decoupling model to measure the coupling coordination model and system coordination and decoupling decoupling.Desertification control in Xizang shows a trend of gradual improvement,but the overall level is still not high and there is a lot of room for optimization.The coupling coordination degree of desertification control-social and economic system is in a steady fluctuation trend,rising from D value less than 0.55 in 2004 to 0.87 in 2018,in a state of coordinated development(good),and grey prediction analysis shows that D value is in a continuous rise.The coupling coordination degree of the six prefecture-level cities in Xizang and Ngari region is different in time and space,but the overall development trend is coordinated.The development index of desertification control and the socio-economic development index show the interaction of strong decoupling,strong negative decoupling and weak decoupling,and there are interaction effects of desertification control,economic development and social development at different scales.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 42071429]the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Urban Land Resources Monitoring and Simulation,Ministry of Natural Resources[grant number KF-2023-08-19].
文摘Urban Comprehensive Carrying Capacity(UCCC)can describe the development of a city and is an important guarantee for its sustainable development.Production-Living-Ecological Space(PLES)is an important guideline for the optimal development of China's land space in the new era.Based on the PLES,we construct a UCCC index system and analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the UCCC of each city in Zhejiang Province from 2006 to 2020.In addition,a coupling coordination degree model and an obstacle degree model are introduced to analyze the coupling coordination degree of the development of PLES of each city and the main constraint indicators,respectively,and a GM(1,1)model is used to predict the UCCC of each city in Zhejiang Province from 2021 to 2025.The study indicates that(1)the UCCC of each city is steadily increasing,with a growth rate of over 30%in 15 years.(2)As of 2020,the highest degree of coupling coordination reaches only 0.508,and it remains a major challenge for cities to improve the coordination degree of land use.(3)Some production space and living space indicators are the main obstacle indicators hindering the development of the UCCC in Zhejiang Province.(4)The forecast results show that the UCCC in each city will still maintain an upwards trend in the following 6 years and will gradually reach a high carrying capacity level.
基金Chongqing University of Science and Technology Postgraduate Innovation Program Project(Project No.YKJCX2320902)。
文摘Based on a total of 16 indicators selected from the tourism and transport industries,an evaluation index system of the coupling and coordination development level of tourism and transport is constructed.The entropy value method and the coupling coordination degree model are used to conduct an empirical study on the development level and coupling coordination level of the transport and tourism industries in Chengdu City from 2011 to 2020.The results show that,on the whole,the coupling coordination degree of transport and tourism in Chengdu is poor and has been in a state of mild to moderate dysfunction.The development level of tourism lagged behind the development of transport from 2011 to 2012,and the two were in a state of mild dysfunction.However,from 2013 onwards,the development level of tourism was prioritized over the development level of transport.This shift caused the coupling coordination degree of the two industries to decline sharply to 0.23305 in 2013.The development level of the tourism industry increased again,reaching 0.34206 in 2019,which marked an improvement.Consequently,the coordination degree of the transport and tourism industries evolved from moderate dislocation to mild dislocation.Finally,the results of the empirical research are analyzed,and corresponding suggestions are put forward to promote the sustainable growth of the transport and tourism industries in Chengdu City.These suggestions aim to improve the coupled and coordinated development level of the two industries.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51175001,51175262)the New Century Excellent Talents in Ministry of Education of China(NCET-08)+3 种基金the Research Fund for Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(20093218110020)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(1208085QE94)the Universities Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Province(KJ2012B008)the Doctoral Scientific Research Starting Foundation of Anhui Polytechnic University(2011YQQ006)~~
文摘A pheromone-based coordination approach and a prototype implementation for task allocation are pro- posed, for dealing with the static task allocation. The approach uses an indirect coordination mechanism, called pheromone, which comes from the collective behavior of ant colonies for food foraging. Therefore it can automat- ically find efficient manufacturing cells for processing tasks and reduce communication overhead, which exists in the contract net protocol. Experimental results confirm that the approach has excellent stability and optimization ability for task allocation problems in a static environment.
基金Ministry of Education Humanities Social Sciences Research Project,No.21YJAZH087Guangdong Special Support ProgramPearl River S&T Nova Program of Guangzhou,No.201806010187。
文摘Urban resilience is an emerging research topic of urban studies, and its essence is described by the ability of cities to resist, recover, and adapt to uncertain disturbances. This paper constructs a "Size-Density-Morphology" urban ecological resilience evaluation system, uses a coupling coordination degree model to measure the degree of coupling coordination between urbanization and ecological resilience in the Pearl River Delta from 2000 to 2015, and conducts an in-depth discussion on its spatiotemporal characteristics. The results show the following.(1) From 2000 to 2015, the urbanization level of cities in the study area generally increased while the level of ecological resilience declined. The coupling coordination degree between the two systems decreased from basic coordination to basic imbalance.(2) In terms of spatial distribution, the coupling coordination degree between urbanization and ecological resilience of cities presented a circular pattern that centered on the cities at the estuary of the Pearl River and increased toward the periphery.(3) Ecological resilience sub-systems played variable roles in the coupling coordination between urbanization and ecological resilience. Specifically, size resilience mainly played a reverse blocking role;the influence of morphology resilience was generally positive and continued to increase over time;the effect of density resilience was positive and continued to decline and further became negative after falling below zero. The main pathways for achieving coordinated and sustainable development of future urbanization and ecological resilience in the Pearl River Delta include: leading the coordinated development of regions with new urbanization, improving ecological resilience by strictly observing the three areas and three lines, adapting to ecological carrying capacity, and rationally arranging urban green spaces.
文摘In the present study,Sm^(3+)activated inorganic orthophosphate CsMgPO_(4)(CSMP)phosphors were prepared by adopting a solid-state reaction method.The structural phase purity and morphological features were studied by X-ray powder diffraction(XRD)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM),respectively.The molecular structure and vibrational modes were substantiated with the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and Raman spectroscopy characterization.The optical bandgap of the host and Sm^(3+)doped phosphors was deduced from the diffused reflectance(DR)spectra with a typical value of 5.72 eV and a small variation is observed with increasing concentrations.A systematic study of photoluminescence(PL)properties of Sm^(3+)doped CSMP phosphors was carried out.From the room temperature excitation and emission spectra,it is found that the phosphor emits in the orange rich red light under the suitable excitation of 402 nm in the UV region and concentration quenching occurs at x=0.02 doping level.The emission peaks observed at around 562,598 and 644 nm confirm the characteristic Sm^(3+)4 f-4 f transitions.The temperature-dependent photoluminescence(TD-PL)of the x=0.02(optimum doping)is recorded from 30 to 210℃,showing good thermal stability even at 150℃.The thermal quenching mechanisms are discussed based on the configuration coordinate model of excitation and emission.The prepared phosphors are found to exhibit near thermal stability compared to the commercially available red phosphors.PL decay time and quantum efficiency were measured.The colour coordinates are found to lie in the orangish-red region of the colour space.Thus the prepared phosphors CSMP:x Sm^(3+)can be useful as a red component in designing UV excitable chip-based phosphor-converted white LED applications.
基金Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.XDA23070400National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41901234,No.51909052。
文摘To realize efficient and sustainable poverty alleviation,this study firstly investigated the identification of multidimensional poverty and relative poverty,and then explored relevant poverty alleviation pathways.Poverty levels in 31 provinces including the autonomous regions and municipalities of China were identified at the county level using the average nighttime light index(ANLI),county multidimensional development index(CMDI),and a method combining multidimensional poverty index and relative poverty standards.Poverty alleviation pathways for poverty-stricken counties were explored from the aspects of industry,education,tourism and agriculture.The results revealed that nearly 60% of counties in China were primarily under relative poverty,most of which were corresponded to light relative poverty.In terms of ANLI and CMDI,63% and 79% of the national poverty-stricken counties,as of 2018,could be identified,suggesting that CMDI had a higher performance for identifying poverty at the county level.In terms of poverty alleviation pathways,414,172,442,and 298 poverty-stricken counties were receptive to industry poverty alleviation,education poverty alleviation,tourism poverty alleviation,and agriculture poverty alleviation,and 61%of counties had more poverty-causing factors,implying that multidimensional poverty alleviation is suitable in most of the counties.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41401182,41501173)Youth Fund for Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education of China(No.19YJC630177)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(No.LH2019D008)University Nursing Program for Young Scholars with Creative Talents in Heilongjiang Province(No.UNPYSCT-2018194)Talent Introduction Project of Southwest University(No.SWU019020)。
文摘To comprehensively understand the law of urban-rural relationship and propose scientific measures of urban-rural coordinated development in Northeast China,this study uses the coupling coordination degree model and geographically and temporally weighted regression(GTWR)model to analyze the spatial-temporal patterns and the corresponding driving mechanisms of its urban-rural coordination since 1990.The results are as follows.First,the urban-rural coupling coordination degree in Northeast China was very low and improved slowly,but its stages of evolution is a good interpretation of the strategic arrangements of China's urbanization.Second,the urban-rural coupling coordination degree in Northeast China had spatial differences and was characterized by central polarization,converging on urban agglomeration,which was high in the south and low in the north.Moreover,the gap between the north and south weakened.Third,the spatial-temporal evolution of the urban-rural coordination relationship in Northeast China was influenced by pulling from the central cities,pushing from rural transformation,and government regulations.The influence intensity of the three mechanisms was weak,but the pulling from the central cities was stronger than that of the other two mechanisms.Furthermore,the spatial difference between the three mechanisms determines the spatial pattern and its evolution of the urban-rural coordination relationship in Northeast China.Fourth,to promote the development of urban-rural coordination in Northeast China,it is essential to advance urban-rural economic correlation,enhance the government^role in regulating and guiding,and adopt different policies for each region in Northeast China.
基金supported by Shandong Province Bureau of Statistics(No.KT15019)
文摘Promoting coordinated development of resources and environment is an important aspect of building a harmonious society and ecologically sustainable civilization. Here we provide scientific basis to promote the development of ecologically sensitive civilization, via a mathematical statistics method that calculates the degree of coordinated development. This model is of great practical and social significance, providing strength to research around coordinated development of resources and economy. Based on evaluation of characteristics of the present resource environment and economic development of Shandong Peninsula city group, a coordinated measure of resource environment and economic development was calculated. Overall, the highest coordination measurement was found for Weihai, followed by Yantai, Qingdao, Ji'nan, Weifang, Rizhao, Zibo and Dongying. According to evaluation results of coordination measures for each city, we put forward suggestions for sustainable development of Shandong Peninsula region.
基金The State Oceanic Administration Youth Funds of China under contract No.2012403the Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects of Ocean of China under contract No.201005030+2 种基金the Special Funds for Basic Scientific Research Project of the First Institute of Oceanography,the State Ocean Administration of China under contract No.2010G12Water Marine Remote Sensing Survey and Research of China under contract No.908-01-ST10(Ⅱ)China’s Coastal Marine Optics and Remote Sensing Research under contract No.908-ZC-I-04
文摘A hybrid coordinate ocean model （ltYCOM） is used to simulate the Kuroshio frontal eddies in the East China Sea （ECS）. The research area is located （20°-32°N, 120°-132°E）. Using tile simulating data, it is figured out that the Kuroshio frontal eddies occur in summer as well as in the other season in this area. The life cycle of the Kuroshio and its frontal eddies is different with the position. The life-cycle of the Kuroshio frontal eddies of the northwest Diaoyu Islands is about 14 d; and the life cycle of the Kuroshio frontal eddies of southwest Yakushima about 20 d. This result extends the in situ researching results greatly. In addition, the vertical impact depth of the Kuroshio frontal eddies is also changing with the position. On the whole, in the ECS, the maximum impact depth of the Kuroshio frontal eddies of the northwest Taiwan Islands is about 75 m; the maximum impact depth of the Kuroshio frontal eddies of the northwest Diaoyu Islands is more than 125 m, but no more than 200 m; and the maximum impact depth of the Kuroshio frontal eddies of southwest Yakushima is up to 100 m.
