Control signaling is mandatory for the operation and management of all types of communication networks,including the Third Generation Partnership Project(3GPP)mobile broadband networks.However,they consume important a...Control signaling is mandatory for the operation and management of all types of communication networks,including the Third Generation Partnership Project(3GPP)mobile broadband networks.However,they consume important and scarce network resources such as bandwidth and processing power.There have been several reports of these control signaling turning into signaling storms halting network operations and causing the respective Telecom companies big financial losses.This paper draws its motivation from such real network disaster incidents attributed to signaling storms.In this paper,we present a thorough survey of the causes,of the signaling storm problems in 3GPP-based mobile broadband networks and discuss in detail their possible solutions and countermeasures.We provide relevant analytical models to help quantify the effect of the potential causes and benefits of their corresponding solutions.Another important contribution of this paper is the comparison of the possible causes and solutions/countermeasures,concerning their effect on several important network aspects such as architecture,additional signaling,fidelity,etc.,in the form of a table.This paper presents an update and an extension of our earlier conference publication.To our knowledge,no similar survey study exists on the subject.展开更多
The working of a Mobile Ad hoc NETwork(MANET)relies on the supportive cooperation among the network nodes.But due to its intrinsic features,a misbehaving node can easily lead to a routing disorder.This paper presents ...The working of a Mobile Ad hoc NETwork(MANET)relies on the supportive cooperation among the network nodes.But due to its intrinsic features,a misbehaving node can easily lead to a routing disorder.This paper presents two trust-based routing schemes,namely Trust-based Self-Detection Routing(TSDR)and Trust-based Cooperative Routing(TCOR)designed with an Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector(AODV)protocol.The proposed work covers a wide range of security challenges,including malicious node identification and prevention,accurate trust quantification,secure trust data sharing,and trusted route maintenance.This brings a prominent solution for mitigating misbehaving nodes and establishing efficient communication in MANET.It is empirically validated based on a performance comparison with the current Evolutionary Self-Cooperative Trust(ESCT)scheme,Generalized Trust Model(GTM),and the conventional AODV protocol.The extensive simulations are conducted against three different varying network scenarios.The results affirm the improved values of eight popular performance metrics overcoming the existing routing schemes.Among the two proposed works,TCOR is more suitable for highly scalable networks;TSDR suits,however,the MANET application better with its small size.This work thus makes a significant contribution to the research community,in contrast to many previous works focusing solely on specific security aspects,and results in a trade-off in the expected values of evaluation parameters and asserts their efficiency.展开更多
This article describes GIS-based models successfully developed for predicting the coverage of Cityphone cellular network,visualizing the predicted signal strength,and analyzing the field strength coverage.In order to ...This article describes GIS-based models successfully developed for predicting the coverage of Cityphone cellular network,visualizing the predicted signal strength,and analyzing the field strength coverage.In order to predict the signal coverage strength of communication network more accurately,the spatial and nonspatial databases of a mobile cellular network are combined by GIS and produce the necessary parameters.A GIS model named COST-231-Walfisch–Ikegami model(WIM)is developed for signal coverage prediction in Ho Chi Minh City.Radio-line-of-sight and nonradio-lineof-sight conditions can be determined by this model.In addition,in case of nonradio-line-of-sight conditions,average building height,building separation,building width,incident radio path,and road orientation with respect to the direct radio path were obtained using GIS.Road orientation loss,multiscreen diffraction loss,and shadowing gain were predicted more accurate by this model.The scale of maps in the experiment was 1:2000 and the average of floor height was 3 m because there were no exact building height measurements.Statistical results show that the path loss predicted by the COST 231 WIM overcame the real path loss of each cell station.And this method can be used for signal coverage prediction of mobile cellular network in urban areas.Compared to the current situation with the Ho Chi Minh City Posts and Telecommunications system,this model can be effectively applied to improve the Cityphone mobile network quality as well as capability.Developed GIS models can help designers in predicting cell station coverage using real spatial maps that make the results more reliable.This research can help network operators improve the network quality and capability with the best investment efficiently.展开更多
With the popularization of wireless multimedia communications,the wireless traffic is predicated to be increased more than 1000time in the next decade.Some new technologies,e.g.,massive multi.input multi.output antenn...With the popularization of wireless multimedia communications,the wireless traffic is predicated to be increased more than 1000time in the next decade.Some new technologies,e.g.,massive multi.input multi.output antennas,millimeter wave and small展开更多
Swarm intelligence inspired by the social behavior of ants boasts a number of attractive features, including adaptation, robustness and distributed, decentralized nature, which are well suited for routing in modern co...Swarm intelligence inspired by the social behavior of ants boasts a number of attractive features, including adaptation, robustness and distributed, decentralized nature, which are well suited for routing in modern communication networks. This paper describes an adaptive swarm-based routing algorithm that increases convergence speed, reduces routing instabilities and oscillations by using a novel variation of reinforcement learning and a technique called momentum.Experiment on the dynamic network showed that adaptive swarm-based routing learns the optimum routing in terms of convergence speed and average packet latency.展开更多
This paper relates to an advanced open mobile communication system and method of integrating the mobile communications, wireless access systems and wired communications into one common platform architecture for China&...This paper relates to an advanced open mobile communication system and method of integrating the mobile communications, wireless access systems and wired communications into one common platform architecture for China's 4th generation mobile communications, supporting costeffective broadband voice, data and video services in wireless, mobile and wired environment with one single integrated mobile terminal device. The paper includes new architecture in the integrated mobile device and converged network access, and minimum modifi cation in the existing mobile telecommunication infrastructures. This paper introduces the long-term evolution strategy for China's TDD system platform towards China's future 4G mobile communications.展开更多
The sixth-generation(6G)wireless communication networks are anticipated in integrating aerial,terrestrial,and maritime communication into a robust system to accomplish trustworthy,quick,and low latency needs.It enable...The sixth-generation(6G)wireless communication networks are anticipated in integrating aerial,terrestrial,and maritime communication into a robust system to accomplish trustworthy,quick,and low latency needs.It enables to achieve maximum throughput and delay for several applications.Besides,the evolution of 6G leads to the design of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)in providing inexpensive and effective solutions in various application areas such as healthcare,environment monitoring,and so on.In the UAV network,effective data collection with restricted energy capacity poses a major issue to achieving high quality network communication.It can be addressed by the use of clustering techniques forUAVs in 6G networks.In this aspect,this study develops a novel metaheuristic based energy efficient data gathering scheme for clustered unmanned aerial vehicles(MEEDG-CUAV).The proposed MEEDG-CUAV technique intends in partitioning the UAV networks into various clusters and assign a cluster head(CH)to reduce the overall energy utilization.Besides,the quantum chaotic butterfly optimization algorithm(QCBOA)with a fitness function is derived to choose CHs and construct clusters.The experimental validation of the MEEDG-CUAV technique occurs utilizing benchmark dataset and the experimental results highlighted the better performance over the other state of art techniques interms of different measures.展开更多
A new reliability evaluation measure, global clustering reliability (GCR), is proposed. Firstly, the common measures used in invulnerability and survivability evaluation of mobile communication networks are discussed,...A new reliability evaluation measure, global clustering reliability (GCR), is proposed. Firstly, the common measures used in invulnerability and survivability evaluation of mobile communication networks are discussed, and the shortcomings of these measures are pointed out. Then a new reliability evaluation measure, GCR, which is applicable to mobile communication networks, is proposed. And some properties and theorem about this measure are put forward. Finally, simulation calculation of reliability evaluation that uses this measure to 12 kinds of topological networks is accomplished. And the comparison between this measure and link connected factor (LCF) measure is also given. The results proved that the design of GCR is reasonable, its computation is rapid, moreover, it can take into account of invalidation of both nodes and links, and it has good physical meanings展开更多
ZTE Corporation, a leading global provider of telecommunications equipment and network solutions, demonstrated successful IMS based Voice over LTE （VoLTE） calls on CSL Limited （CSL）＇s LTE network and its existing...ZTE Corporation, a leading global provider of telecommunications equipment and network solutions, demonstrated successful IMS based Voice over LTE （VoLTE） calls on CSL Limited （CSL）＇s LTE network and its existing mobile networks at Mobile Asia Congress 2010 （MAC 2010）.展开更多
An ants-based on-demand routing algorithm （AORA） specialized for mobile ad hoc networks is proposed. AORA measures the network＇s traffic information including delivery time, route energy etc. by the continuous deli...An ants-based on-demand routing algorithm （AORA） specialized for mobile ad hoc networks is proposed. AORA measures the network＇s traffic information including delivery time, route energy etc. by the continuous delivery of data packets, then calculates the compositive parameter for each route which can be seen as the stigmity and uses it to choose the comparatively optimal route in real time. To adjust the weight of each traffic information, the algorithm can meet the different demand of the network＇s user. Multipath source self repair routing （MSSRR） algorithm and dynamic source routing （DSR） can be seen as the special samples of AORA. The routing overhead is not increased in this algorithm. By using simulation, it can be seen that the performance of AORA is better than that of DSR in all scenarios obviously, especially the delivery fraction is increased by more than 100 96.展开更多
With the deepening of Chinas information construction, 4G mobile communications is still the main business in the communication industry. To improve the reliability and security of its network, it is necessary to comb...With the deepening of Chinas information construction, 4G mobile communications is still the main business in the communication industry. To improve the reliability and security of its network, it is necessary to combine the latest information technology to improve it. This paper analyzes the main problems of wireless network optimization of 4G mobile communication, then summarizes the best performance of 4G mobile communication wireless networks and discusses the best scheme of 4G wireless network optimization.展开更多
The large-scale development of the lowaltitude economy imposes increasingly stringent requirements on the supporting information infrastructure,necessitating the establishment of a low-altitude intelligent network(LAI...The large-scale development of the lowaltitude economy imposes increasingly stringent requirements on the supporting information infrastructure,necessitating the establishment of a low-altitude intelligent network(LAIN)with wide-area communication,high-precision navigation,and efficient supervision capabilities.Benefiting from its broad coverage,high reliability,and large bandwidth,the 5G cellular network serves as a critical foundation for LAIN construction.However,conventional cellular networks are primarily designed for two-dimensional terrestrial scenarios,and thus face significant limitations in coverage and interference resistance within complex three-dimensional low-altitude environments.To address the unique demands of LAIN applications,key challenges must be tackled,including achieving seamless three-dimensional coverage,mitigating interference in multi-dimensional network deployments,and ensuring stringent requirements for service quality and security supervision.This paper proposes an integrated LAIN architecture characterized by the convergence of communication,navigation,sensing,and management,enhanced with artificial intelligence and security mechanisms to improve overall system intelligence and resilience.Furthermore,this paper conducts an in-depth analysis of the critical challenges in LAIN deployment,explores enabling technologies to address these issues,and offers insights into the future development direction of low-altitude intelligent networks.展开更多
With the acceleration of the intelligent transformation of power systems,the requirements for communication technology are increasingly stringent.The application of 5G mobile communication technology in power communic...With the acceleration of the intelligent transformation of power systems,the requirements for communication technology are increasingly stringent.The application of 5G mobile communication technology in power communication is analyzed.In this study,5G technology features,application principles,and practical strategies are discussed,and methods such as network slicing,customized deployment,edge computing collaborative application,communication equipment integration and upgrading,and multi-technology collaboration and complementation are proposed.It aims to effectively improve the efficiency,reliability,and security of power communication,solve the problem that traditional communication technology is difficult to meet the diversified needs of power business,and achieve the effect of optimizing the power communication network and supporting the intelligent development of the power system.展开更多
The optimization of network performance in a movement-assisted data gathering scheme was studied by analyzing the energy consumption of wireless sensor network with node uniform distribution. A theoretically analytica...The optimization of network performance in a movement-assisted data gathering scheme was studied by analyzing the energy consumption of wireless sensor network with node uniform distribution. A theoretically analytical method for avoiding energy hole was proposed. It is proved that if the densities of sensor nodes working at the same time are alternate between dormancy and work with non-uniform node distribution. The efficiency of network can increase by several times and the residual energy of network is nearly zero when the network lifetime ends.展开更多
For the dense macro-femto coexistence networks scenario, a long-term-based handover（LTBH） algorithm is proposed. The handover decision algorithm is jointly determined by the angle of handover（AHO） and the time-tos...For the dense macro-femto coexistence networks scenario, a long-term-based handover（LTBH） algorithm is proposed. The handover decision algorithm is jointly determined by the angle of handover（AHO） and the time-tostay（TTS） to reduce the unnecessary handover numbers.First, the proposed AHO parameter is used to decrease the computation complexity in multiple candidate base stations（CBSs） scenario. Then, two types of TTS parameters are given for the fixed base stations and mobile base stations to make handover decisions among multiple CBSs. The simulation results show that the proposed LTBH algorithm can not only maintain the required transmission rate of users, but also effectively reduce the unnecessary numbers of handover in the dense macro-femto networks with the coexisting mobile BSs.展开更多
5G is a new generation of mobile networking that aims to achieve unparalleled speed and performance. To accomplish this, three technologies, Device-to-Device communication (D2D), multi-access edge computing (MEC) and ...5G is a new generation of mobile networking that aims to achieve unparalleled speed and performance. To accomplish this, three technologies, Device-to-Device communication (D2D), multi-access edge computing (MEC) and network function virtualization (NFV) with ClickOS, have been a significant part of 5G, and this paper mainly discusses them. D2D enables direct communication between devices without the relay of base station. In 5G, a two-tier cellular network composed of traditional cellular network system and D2D is an efficient method for realizing high-speed communication. MEC unloads work from end devices and clouds platforms to widespread nodes, and connects the nodes together with outside devices and third-party providers, in order to diminish the overloading effect on any device caused by enormous applications and improve users’ quality of experience (QoE). There is also a NFV method in order to fulfill the 5G requirements. In this part, an optimized virtual machine for middle-boxes named ClickOS is introduced, and it is evaluated in several aspects. Some middle boxes are being implemented in the ClickOS and proved to have outstanding performances.展开更多
This paper presents an original probabilistic model of a hybrid underwater wireless sensor network(UWSN),which includes a network of stationary sensors placed on the seabed and a mobile gateway.The mobile gateway is a...This paper presents an original probabilistic model of a hybrid underwater wireless sensor network(UWSN),which includes a network of stationary sensors placed on the seabed and a mobile gateway.The mobile gateway is a wave glider that collects data from the underwater network segment and retransmits it to the processing center.The authors consider the joint problem of optimal localization of stationary network nodes and the corresponding model for bypassing reference nodes by a wave glider.The optimality of the network is evaluated according to the criteria of energy efficiency and reliability.The influence of various physical and technical parameters of the network on its energy efficiency and on the lifespan of sensor nodes is analyzed.The analysis is carried out for networks of various scales,depending on the localization of stationary nodes and the model of bypassing the network with a wave glider.As a model example,the simulation of the functional characteristics of the network for a given size of the water area is carried out.It is shown that in the case of a medium-sized water area,the model of“bypassing the perimeter”by a wave glider is practically feasible,energy efficient and reliable for hourly data measurements.In the case of a large water area,the cluster bypass model becomes more efficient.展开更多
In the paper, we illustrate the importance of the concept of mobile network computer from a technological perspective. Because of the usefulness of mobile network computers, with the growth of the Internet of things, ...In the paper, we illustrate the importance of the concept of mobile network computer from a technological perspective. Because of the usefulness of mobile network computers, with the growth of the Internet of things, mobile network computers may include not only TV box audio-visual equipment, wireless household appliances, and mobile communication equipment, but may also include devices such as intelligent foot rings, smart watches, smart glasses, smart shoes and smart coats. Considering the different types of networks, e.g. IP multimedia Subsystem(IMS), we explain why some network elements are inaccurate and misleading from a technological perspective. We aim to popularize the concept of mobile network computers for its accuracy and importance, which better define modern mobile terminals and reflects the nature of multiple mobile terminals based on the structure of their integrated computers and the capabilities of processing multimedia. In the computer and Internet age, network computers and mobile network computers are the main terminals of fixed and mobile networks, respectively. Therefore, based on the concept of mobile network computers, we discuss the future of information society.展开更多
In this paper,we propose a clustered multihop cellular network(cMCN)architecture and study its performance using fixed channel assignment(FCA)scheme for uplink transmission.The proposed cMCN using FCA can be applied w...In this paper,we propose a clustered multihop cellular network(cMCN)architecture and study its performance using fixed channel assignment(FCA)scheme for uplink transmission.The proposed cMCN using FCA can be applied with some reuse factors.An analytical model based on Markov chain is developed to analyze its performance and validated through computer simulation.And then,we implement direct peer-to-peer communication(DC)in cMCN by considering more reasonable conditions in practice.DC means that two calls communicate directly instead of going through base stations.The results show that cMCN with FCA can reduce the call blocking probability significantly as compared with the traditional single-hop cellular networks with FCA and can be further reduced by using DC.展开更多
An Long Term Evolution (LTE) network based mobile Internet of Things (IoT) is modeled and analyzed with the probabilistic delay distribution as the main interest. Stochastic network calculus is relied on to conduct th...An Long Term Evolution (LTE) network based mobile Internet of Things (IoT) is modeled and analyzed with the probabilistic delay distribution as the main interest. Stochastic network calculus is relied on to conduct the analysis. Two typical traffic models, i.e., Compound Poisson and Aggregated ON-OFF Source, are analyzed. The wireless fading channel is modeled as a Gilbert-Elliot channel. Numerical results are presented, where the probabilistic delay distribution and guaranteed capacity under certain delay constraint are shown and discussed.展开更多
基金the Deanship of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research at Qassim University for financial support(QU-APC-2024-9/1).
文摘Control signaling is mandatory for the operation and management of all types of communication networks,including the Third Generation Partnership Project(3GPP)mobile broadband networks.However,they consume important and scarce network resources such as bandwidth and processing power.There have been several reports of these control signaling turning into signaling storms halting network operations and causing the respective Telecom companies big financial losses.This paper draws its motivation from such real network disaster incidents attributed to signaling storms.In this paper,we present a thorough survey of the causes,of the signaling storm problems in 3GPP-based mobile broadband networks and discuss in detail their possible solutions and countermeasures.We provide relevant analytical models to help quantify the effect of the potential causes and benefits of their corresponding solutions.Another important contribution of this paper is the comparison of the possible causes and solutions/countermeasures,concerning their effect on several important network aspects such as architecture,additional signaling,fidelity,etc.,in the form of a table.This paper presents an update and an extension of our earlier conference publication.To our knowledge,no similar survey study exists on the subject.
文摘The working of a Mobile Ad hoc NETwork(MANET)relies on the supportive cooperation among the network nodes.But due to its intrinsic features,a misbehaving node can easily lead to a routing disorder.This paper presents two trust-based routing schemes,namely Trust-based Self-Detection Routing(TSDR)and Trust-based Cooperative Routing(TCOR)designed with an Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector(AODV)protocol.The proposed work covers a wide range of security challenges,including malicious node identification and prevention,accurate trust quantification,secure trust data sharing,and trusted route maintenance.This brings a prominent solution for mitigating misbehaving nodes and establishing efficient communication in MANET.It is empirically validated based on a performance comparison with the current Evolutionary Self-Cooperative Trust(ESCT)scheme,Generalized Trust Model(GTM),and the conventional AODV protocol.The extensive simulations are conducted against three different varying network scenarios.The results affirm the improved values of eight popular performance metrics overcoming the existing routing schemes.Among the two proposed works,TCOR is more suitable for highly scalable networks;TSDR suits,however,the MANET application better with its small size.This work thus makes a significant contribution to the research community,in contrast to many previous works focusing solely on specific security aspects,and results in a trade-off in the expected values of evaluation parameters and asserts their efficiency.
文摘This article describes GIS-based models successfully developed for predicting the coverage of Cityphone cellular network,visualizing the predicted signal strength,and analyzing the field strength coverage.In order to predict the signal coverage strength of communication network more accurately,the spatial and nonspatial databases of a mobile cellular network are combined by GIS and produce the necessary parameters.A GIS model named COST-231-Walfisch–Ikegami model(WIM)is developed for signal coverage prediction in Ho Chi Minh City.Radio-line-of-sight and nonradio-lineof-sight conditions can be determined by this model.In addition,in case of nonradio-line-of-sight conditions,average building height,building separation,building width,incident radio path,and road orientation with respect to the direct radio path were obtained using GIS.Road orientation loss,multiscreen diffraction loss,and shadowing gain were predicted more accurate by this model.The scale of maps in the experiment was 1:2000 and the average of floor height was 3 m because there were no exact building height measurements.Statistical results show that the path loss predicted by the COST 231 WIM overcame the real path loss of each cell station.And this method can be used for signal coverage prediction of mobile cellular network in urban areas.Compared to the current situation with the Ho Chi Minh City Posts and Telecommunications system,this model can be effectively applied to improve the Cityphone mobile network quality as well as capability.Developed GIS models can help designers in predicting cell station coverage using real spatial maps that make the results more reliable.This research can help network operators improve the network quality and capability with the best investment efficiently.
文摘With the popularization of wireless multimedia communications,the wireless traffic is predicated to be increased more than 1000time in the next decade.Some new technologies,e.g.,massive multi.input multi.output antennas,millimeter wave and small
文摘Swarm intelligence inspired by the social behavior of ants boasts a number of attractive features, including adaptation, robustness and distributed, decentralized nature, which are well suited for routing in modern communication networks. This paper describes an adaptive swarm-based routing algorithm that increases convergence speed, reduces routing instabilities and oscillations by using a novel variation of reinforcement learning and a technique called momentum.Experiment on the dynamic network showed that adaptive swarm-based routing learns the optimum routing in terms of convergence speed and average packet latency.
文摘This paper relates to an advanced open mobile communication system and method of integrating the mobile communications, wireless access systems and wired communications into one common platform architecture for China's 4th generation mobile communications, supporting costeffective broadband voice, data and video services in wireless, mobile and wired environment with one single integrated mobile terminal device. The paper includes new architecture in the integrated mobile device and converged network access, and minimum modifi cation in the existing mobile telecommunication infrastructures. This paper introduces the long-term evolution strategy for China's TDD system platform towards China's future 4G mobile communications.
基金The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University for funding this work under Grant Number(RGP 1/279/42).www.kku.edu.sa.
文摘The sixth-generation(6G)wireless communication networks are anticipated in integrating aerial,terrestrial,and maritime communication into a robust system to accomplish trustworthy,quick,and low latency needs.It enables to achieve maximum throughput and delay for several applications.Besides,the evolution of 6G leads to the design of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)in providing inexpensive and effective solutions in various application areas such as healthcare,environment monitoring,and so on.In the UAV network,effective data collection with restricted energy capacity poses a major issue to achieving high quality network communication.It can be addressed by the use of clustering techniques forUAVs in 6G networks.In this aspect,this study develops a novel metaheuristic based energy efficient data gathering scheme for clustered unmanned aerial vehicles(MEEDG-CUAV).The proposed MEEDG-CUAV technique intends in partitioning the UAV networks into various clusters and assign a cluster head(CH)to reduce the overall energy utilization.Besides,the quantum chaotic butterfly optimization algorithm(QCBOA)with a fitness function is derived to choose CHs and construct clusters.The experimental validation of the MEEDG-CUAV technique occurs utilizing benchmark dataset and the experimental results highlighted the better performance over the other state of art techniques interms of different measures.
文摘A new reliability evaluation measure, global clustering reliability (GCR), is proposed. Firstly, the common measures used in invulnerability and survivability evaluation of mobile communication networks are discussed, and the shortcomings of these measures are pointed out. Then a new reliability evaluation measure, GCR, which is applicable to mobile communication networks, is proposed. And some properties and theorem about this measure are put forward. Finally, simulation calculation of reliability evaluation that uses this measure to 12 kinds of topological networks is accomplished. And the comparison between this measure and link connected factor (LCF) measure is also given. The results proved that the design of GCR is reasonable, its computation is rapid, moreover, it can take into account of invalidation of both nodes and links, and it has good physical meanings
文摘ZTE Corporation, a leading global provider of telecommunications equipment and network solutions, demonstrated successful IMS based Voice over LTE （VoLTE） calls on CSL Limited （CSL）＇s LTE network and its existing mobile networks at Mobile Asia Congress 2010 （MAC 2010）.
文摘An ants-based on-demand routing algorithm （AORA） specialized for mobile ad hoc networks is proposed. AORA measures the network＇s traffic information including delivery time, route energy etc. by the continuous delivery of data packets, then calculates the compositive parameter for each route which can be seen as the stigmity and uses it to choose the comparatively optimal route in real time. To adjust the weight of each traffic information, the algorithm can meet the different demand of the network＇s user. Multipath source self repair routing （MSSRR） algorithm and dynamic source routing （DSR） can be seen as the special samples of AORA. The routing overhead is not increased in this algorithm. By using simulation, it can be seen that the performance of AORA is better than that of DSR in all scenarios obviously, especially the delivery fraction is increased by more than 100 96.
文摘With the deepening of Chinas information construction, 4G mobile communications is still the main business in the communication industry. To improve the reliability and security of its network, it is necessary to combine the latest information technology to improve it. This paper analyzes the main problems of wireless network optimization of 4G mobile communication, then summarizes the best performance of 4G mobile communication wireless networks and discusses the best scheme of 4G wireless network optimization.
文摘The large-scale development of the lowaltitude economy imposes increasingly stringent requirements on the supporting information infrastructure,necessitating the establishment of a low-altitude intelligent network(LAIN)with wide-area communication,high-precision navigation,and efficient supervision capabilities.Benefiting from its broad coverage,high reliability,and large bandwidth,the 5G cellular network serves as a critical foundation for LAIN construction.However,conventional cellular networks are primarily designed for two-dimensional terrestrial scenarios,and thus face significant limitations in coverage and interference resistance within complex three-dimensional low-altitude environments.To address the unique demands of LAIN applications,key challenges must be tackled,including achieving seamless three-dimensional coverage,mitigating interference in multi-dimensional network deployments,and ensuring stringent requirements for service quality and security supervision.This paper proposes an integrated LAIN architecture characterized by the convergence of communication,navigation,sensing,and management,enhanced with artificial intelligence and security mechanisms to improve overall system intelligence and resilience.Furthermore,this paper conducts an in-depth analysis of the critical challenges in LAIN deployment,explores enabling technologies to address these issues,and offers insights into the future development direction of low-altitude intelligent networks.
文摘With the acceleration of the intelligent transformation of power systems,the requirements for communication technology are increasingly stringent.The application of 5G mobile communication technology in power communication is analyzed.In this study,5G technology features,application principles,and practical strategies are discussed,and methods such as network slicing,customized deployment,edge computing collaborative application,communication equipment integration and upgrading,and multi-technology collaboration and complementation are proposed.It aims to effectively improve the efficiency,reliability,and security of power communication,solve the problem that traditional communication technology is difficult to meet the diversified needs of power business,and achieve the effect of optimizing the power communication network and supporting the intelligent development of the power system.
基金Project(60873081)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(NCET-10-0787)supported by Program for New Century Excellent Talents in UniversityProject(11JJ1012)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China
文摘The optimization of network performance in a movement-assisted data gathering scheme was studied by analyzing the energy consumption of wireless sensor network with node uniform distribution. A theoretically analytical method for avoiding energy hole was proposed. It is proved that if the densities of sensor nodes working at the same time are alternate between dormancy and work with non-uniform node distribution. The efficiency of network can increase by several times and the residual energy of network is nearly zero when the network lifetime ends.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61471164)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe Scientific Innovation Research of College Graduates in Jiangsu Province(No.KYLX-0133)
文摘For the dense macro-femto coexistence networks scenario, a long-term-based handover（LTBH） algorithm is proposed. The handover decision algorithm is jointly determined by the angle of handover（AHO） and the time-tostay（TTS） to reduce the unnecessary handover numbers.First, the proposed AHO parameter is used to decrease the computation complexity in multiple candidate base stations（CBSs） scenario. Then, two types of TTS parameters are given for the fixed base stations and mobile base stations to make handover decisions among multiple CBSs. The simulation results show that the proposed LTBH algorithm can not only maintain the required transmission rate of users, but also effectively reduce the unnecessary numbers of handover in the dense macro-femto networks with the coexisting mobile BSs.
文摘5G is a new generation of mobile networking that aims to achieve unparalleled speed and performance. To accomplish this, three technologies, Device-to-Device communication (D2D), multi-access edge computing (MEC) and network function virtualization (NFV) with ClickOS, have been a significant part of 5G, and this paper mainly discusses them. D2D enables direct communication between devices without the relay of base station. In 5G, a two-tier cellular network composed of traditional cellular network system and D2D is an efficient method for realizing high-speed communication. MEC unloads work from end devices and clouds platforms to widespread nodes, and connects the nodes together with outside devices and third-party providers, in order to diminish the overloading effect on any device caused by enormous applications and improve users’ quality of experience (QoE). There is also a NFV method in order to fulfill the 5G requirements. In this part, an optimized virtual machine for middle-boxes named ClickOS is introduced, and it is evaluated in several aspects. Some middle boxes are being implemented in the ClickOS and proved to have outstanding performances.
基金The research was partially funded by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation as part of World-class Research Center program:Advanced Digital Technologies(Contract No.075-15-2020-903 dated 16.11.2020).
文摘This paper presents an original probabilistic model of a hybrid underwater wireless sensor network(UWSN),which includes a network of stationary sensors placed on the seabed and a mobile gateway.The mobile gateway is a wave glider that collects data from the underwater network segment and retransmits it to the processing center.The authors consider the joint problem of optimal localization of stationary network nodes and the corresponding model for bypassing reference nodes by a wave glider.The optimality of the network is evaluated according to the criteria of energy efficiency and reliability.The influence of various physical and technical parameters of the network on its energy efficiency and on the lifespan of sensor nodes is analyzed.The analysis is carried out for networks of various scales,depending on the localization of stationary nodes and the model of bypassing the network with a wave glider.As a model example,the simulation of the functional characteristics of the network for a given size of the water area is carried out.It is shown that in the case of a medium-sized water area,the model of“bypassing the perimeter”by a wave glider is practically feasible,energy efficient and reliable for hourly data measurements.In the case of a large water area,the cluster bypass model becomes more efficient.
文摘In the paper, we illustrate the importance of the concept of mobile network computer from a technological perspective. Because of the usefulness of mobile network computers, with the growth of the Internet of things, mobile network computers may include not only TV box audio-visual equipment, wireless household appliances, and mobile communication equipment, but may also include devices such as intelligent foot rings, smart watches, smart glasses, smart shoes and smart coats. Considering the different types of networks, e.g. IP multimedia Subsystem(IMS), we explain why some network elements are inaccurate and misleading from a technological perspective. We aim to popularize the concept of mobile network computers for its accuracy and importance, which better define modern mobile terminals and reflects the nature of multiple mobile terminals based on the structure of their integrated computers and the capabilities of processing multimedia. In the computer and Internet age, network computers and mobile network computers are the main terminals of fixed and mobile networks, respectively. Therefore, based on the concept of mobile network computers, we discuss the future of information society.
文摘In this paper,we propose a clustered multihop cellular network(cMCN)architecture and study its performance using fixed channel assignment(FCA)scheme for uplink transmission.The proposed cMCN using FCA can be applied with some reuse factors.An analytical model based on Markov chain is developed to analyze its performance and validated through computer simulation.And then,we implement direct peer-to-peer communication(DC)in cMCN by considering more reasonable conditions in practice.DC means that two calls communicate directly instead of going through base stations.The results show that cMCN with FCA can reduce the call blocking probability significantly as compared with the traditional single-hop cellular networks with FCA and can be further reduced by using DC.
基金supported by Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT) Fund for Young Scholars under Grant No.2011RC0114
文摘An Long Term Evolution (LTE) network based mobile Internet of Things (IoT) is modeled and analyzed with the probabilistic delay distribution as the main interest. Stochastic network calculus is relied on to conduct the analysis. Two typical traffic models, i.e., Compound Poisson and Aggregated ON-OFF Source, are analyzed. The wireless fading channel is modeled as a Gilbert-Elliot channel. Numerical results are presented, where the probabilistic delay distribution and guaranteed capacity under certain delay constraint are shown and discussed.
