Background Paranoia exists in the general population,both in adults and in children,and is a key feature of schizotypy and schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.Attempts to develop child-appropriate tools to assess childho...Background Paranoia exists in the general population,both in adults and in children,and is a key feature of schizotypy and schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.Attempts to develop child-appropriate tools to assess childhood suspiciousness and its correlation with developmental psychopathology are underdeveloped but crucial.Aims This study examines the prevalence and structure of childhood mistrust and its correlations with internalising and externalising problems in non-clinical and clinical samples using a newly validated Italian Social Mistrust Scale(SMS).Methods Children aged 8-14 years old from a nonclinical(n=242)and a clinical sample with anxiety and/or mood disorder(n=44)were recruited.All children completed the SMS and a standardised battery of tests measuring schizotypal traits,anxiety,depression and internalising/externalising problems.Results The total Mistrust Score was positively skewed,with 50%of children scoring≤3 points and 15%scoring≥7 points.Factor analyses revealed a threefactor model(ie,General Mistrust,Home Mistrust and School Mistrust)replicating the original English SMS.As expected,childhood mistrust was positively correlated with schizotypal traits,anxiety and depression in the nonclinical sample(r=0.49,0.42 and 0.54,respectively)and in the clinical sample(r=0.75,0.51 and 0.85,respectively).Finally,the SMS showed an overall moderate internal reliability(α)in the non-clinical sample(α=0.74),and a good internal reliability in the clinical sample(α=0.83).Conclusions Consistent with previous studies,childhood mistrust—as measured by the newly translated Italian SMS—exists on a continuum of severity and is associated with higher levels of childhood psychopathology.Exploring social mistrust and suspiciousness in childhood can support clinicians and researchers,and could help develop preventive interventions during early development,particularly for children at risk of specific emotional and behavioural challenges.展开更多
In a world increasingly shaped by geopolitical suspicion and strategic mistrust,it is tempting to dismiss of-ficial documents from rival nations as mere propaganda.This temptation is especially strong when it comes to...In a world increasingly shaped by geopolitical suspicion and strategic mistrust,it is tempting to dismiss of-ficial documents from rival nations as mere propaganda.This temptation is especially strong when it comes to China whose political system,economic development,foreign and domestic policies are often subject to skepticisms among foreign ana-lysts.Yet such dismissiveness comes at a cost.When China speaks,particularly through its most senior leader,it is worth listening.Not because we must accept ev-ery word at face value,but because within the lines and between them lies a roadmap of what China is thinking,planning and prioritizing.展开更多
This article is a call to action to address escalating threats to scientific progress that affect academic researchers across the globe.These threats include public mistrust of science,challenges in translating academ...This article is a call to action to address escalating threats to scientific progress that affect academic researchers across the globe.These threats include public mistrust of science,challenges in translating academic research to end-user applications,a disconnect between academics and policymakers,emerging barriers to international collaboration,and a reliance on conventional metrics to evaluate academic performance.This article presents various calls to action informed by exemplary approaches across the globe that serve as frameworks to drive beneficial transformation for researchers,academic institutions,and society.展开更多
China ＂s Belt and Road Initiative （BRI） is often simplistically understood as beingopposed by lndia and supported by Pakistan. The reality on the ground is rather morecomplex. The emerging consensus in lndia appear...China ＂s Belt and Road Initiative （BRI） is often simplistically understood as beingopposed by lndia and supported by Pakistan. The reality on the ground is rather morecomplex. The emerging consensus in lndia appears to be that, far from being exclusivelyan economic and infrastructure development program, the BRI may be understood as along-term strategic initiative that seeks to convert China ＂s current economic might intodiplomatic influence. While attempts have been made by Beijing, the reflexive lndiansuspicion of Chinese international projection, including of China ＂s BRL has not yetbeen met by a coherent discourse designed to specifically address lndian concerns. Incontrast, in Pakistan, widespread acceptance of the importance and necessity of theChina-Pakistan Economic Corridor is increasingly coupled with concerns within sectorsof Pakistani society over the fairness, transparency and eventual economic outcomesof the project. Accordingly, this paper is divided into two parts： the first looks at howlndian analysts have viewed and responded to the Chinese discourse and arguments onthe BR1; the second considers the debate over the China-Pakistan Economic Corridorwithin Pakistan.展开更多
基金supported by the University College London Global Engagement Funds 2022/23 to KK-YW(PI)and IA(Co-I)KK-YW is supported by the ESRC Policy Fellowship(ES/Y004906/1).
文摘Background Paranoia exists in the general population,both in adults and in children,and is a key feature of schizotypy and schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.Attempts to develop child-appropriate tools to assess childhood suspiciousness and its correlation with developmental psychopathology are underdeveloped but crucial.Aims This study examines the prevalence and structure of childhood mistrust and its correlations with internalising and externalising problems in non-clinical and clinical samples using a newly validated Italian Social Mistrust Scale(SMS).Methods Children aged 8-14 years old from a nonclinical(n=242)and a clinical sample with anxiety and/or mood disorder(n=44)were recruited.All children completed the SMS and a standardised battery of tests measuring schizotypal traits,anxiety,depression and internalising/externalising problems.Results The total Mistrust Score was positively skewed,with 50%of children scoring≤3 points and 15%scoring≥7 points.Factor analyses revealed a threefactor model(ie,General Mistrust,Home Mistrust and School Mistrust)replicating the original English SMS.As expected,childhood mistrust was positively correlated with schizotypal traits,anxiety and depression in the nonclinical sample(r=0.49,0.42 and 0.54,respectively)and in the clinical sample(r=0.75,0.51 and 0.85,respectively).Finally,the SMS showed an overall moderate internal reliability(α)in the non-clinical sample(α=0.74),and a good internal reliability in the clinical sample(α=0.83).Conclusions Consistent with previous studies,childhood mistrust—as measured by the newly translated Italian SMS—exists on a continuum of severity and is associated with higher levels of childhood psychopathology.Exploring social mistrust and suspiciousness in childhood can support clinicians and researchers,and could help develop preventive interventions during early development,particularly for children at risk of specific emotional and behavioural challenges.
文摘In a world increasingly shaped by geopolitical suspicion and strategic mistrust,it is tempting to dismiss of-ficial documents from rival nations as mere propaganda.This temptation is especially strong when it comes to China whose political system,economic development,foreign and domestic policies are often subject to skepticisms among foreign ana-lysts.Yet such dismissiveness comes at a cost.When China speaks,particularly through its most senior leader,it is worth listening.Not because we must accept ev-ery word at face value,but because within the lines and between them lies a roadmap of what China is thinking,planning and prioritizing.
基金funded by the Academy of Medical Sciences(UK)under award number SBF007\100176(R.Z.J.)UK Research and Innovation under award number MR/X032914/1(R.Z.J.)the Swiss National Science Foundation under award number PR00P3_185742(D.L.).
文摘This article is a call to action to address escalating threats to scientific progress that affect academic researchers across the globe.These threats include public mistrust of science,challenges in translating academic research to end-user applications,a disconnect between academics and policymakers,emerging barriers to international collaboration,and a reliance on conventional metrics to evaluate academic performance.This article presents various calls to action informed by exemplary approaches across the globe that serve as frameworks to drive beneficial transformation for researchers,academic institutions,and society.
文摘China ＂s Belt and Road Initiative （BRI） is often simplistically understood as beingopposed by lndia and supported by Pakistan. The reality on the ground is rather morecomplex. The emerging consensus in lndia appears to be that, far from being exclusivelyan economic and infrastructure development program, the BRI may be understood as along-term strategic initiative that seeks to convert China ＂s current economic might intodiplomatic influence. While attempts have been made by Beijing, the reflexive lndiansuspicion of Chinese international projection, including of China ＂s BRL has not yetbeen met by a coherent discourse designed to specifically address lndian concerns. Incontrast, in Pakistan, widespread acceptance of the importance and necessity of theChina-Pakistan Economic Corridor is increasingly coupled with concerns within sectorsof Pakistani society over the fairness, transparency and eventual economic outcomesof the project. Accordingly, this paper is divided into two parts： the first looks at howlndian analysts have viewed and responded to the Chinese discourse and arguments onthe BR1; the second considers the debate over the China-Pakistan Economic Corridorwithin Pakistan.
