The construction of monodisperse microporous organic microspheres is deemed a challenging issue,primarily due to the difficulty in achieving both high microporosity and uniformity within the microspheres.In this study...The construction of monodisperse microporous organic microspheres is deemed a challenging issue,primarily due to the difficulty in achieving both high microporosity and uniformity within the microspheres.In this study,a series of fluorinated monodisperse microporous microspheres are fabricated by solvothermal precipitation polymerization.The resulting fluorous methacrylate-based microspheres achieved higher than 400 m^(2)/g surface area,along with a yield of over 90%for the microspheres.Through comprehensive characterization and simulation methods,we discovered that the introduction of fluorous methacrylate monomers at high loading levels is the key factor contributing to the formation of the microporosity within the microspheres.The controlled temperature profile was found to be advantageous for achieving a high yield of microspheres and increased uniformity.Two-dimensional assemblies of these fluorinated microsphere arrays exhibited superhydrophobicity,superolephilicity,and water sliding angles below 10°.Furthermore,a three-dimensional assembly of the fluorinated microporous microsphere in a chromatographic column demonstrated significant improvement in the separation of Engelhardt agent compared to commercial columns.Our work offers a novel approach to constructing fluorinated monodisperse microporous microspheres for advanced applications.展开更多
Bone defects have serious economic and clinical impacts;however,despite improvements in bone defect management,the range of clinical outcomes remains limited.A variety of biomaterials have been used to treat complex b...Bone defects have serious economic and clinical impacts;however,despite improvements in bone defect management,the range of clinical outcomes remains limited.A variety of biomaterials have been used to treat complex bone defects.However,final bone repair outcomes may be adversely affected by poor osteogenic capacity and risk of infection.Consequently,therapeutic methods are required that reduce bacterial contamination and increase the use of osteogenic biomaterials.Herein,we report the preparation of poly(lactic acid-coglycolic acid)(PLGA)microspheres coloaded with magnesium(Mg^(2+))and gallium(Ga^(3+))ions(Mg-Ga@PLGA),which can fill irregular bone defects and show good biosafety.During in vitro testing,Mg-Ga@PLGA not only showed a synergistic effect on promoting osteogenic differentiation but also inhibited osteoclastic differentiation.Moreover,we found that Mg-Ga@PLGA demonstrated an antibacterial effect.During in vivo testing,Mg Ga@PLGA exhibited strong in situ osteogenic ability.In conclusion,Mg-Ga@PLGA has good potential for treating bone defects at risk of infection.展开更多
Radioactive microspheres have demonstrated excellent therapeutic effects and good tolerance in the treatment of unresectable primary and secondary liver malignancies.This is attributed to precise embolization and pote...Radioactive microspheres have demonstrated excellent therapeutic effects and good tolerance in the treatment of unresectable primary and secondary liver malignancies.This is attributed to precise embolization and potent anti-tumor effect.However,certain limitations such as unstable loading,perfusion stasis,heterogeneous distribution,ectopic distribution,and insufficient dosage,restrict their clinical application.Herein,a novel personalized Y-90 carbon microsphere with high uniformity,high specific activity and high availability(^(90)Y-HUACM)is presented.It is synthesized through planar molecular complex adsorption and chemical deposition solidification.^(90)Y-HUACM exhibited controllable size,excellent biocompatibility,outstanding in vitro and in vivo stability.The radiolabeling efficiency of Y-90 exceeded 99%and the leaching rate of Y-90 is far below 0.1%.Furthermore,the excellent anti-tumor effect,nuclide loading stability,anti-reflux characteristics,precise embolization,and biosafety of^(90)Y-HUACM were validated in a rabbit VX2liver tumor model.In summary,this new,high-performance,and customizable radioactive microsphere provides a superior choice for selective internal radiation treatment of advanced liver cancer is expected to be rapidly applied in clinical practice.展开更多
The increase in the utilization of infrared heat detection technology in military applications necessitates research on composites with improved thermal transmission performance and microwave absorption capabilities.T...The increase in the utilization of infrared heat detection technology in military applications necessitates research on composites with improved thermal transmission performance and microwave absorption capabilities.This study satisfactorily fabricated a series of MoS_(2)/BN-xyz composites(which were characterized by the weight ratio of MoS_(2)to BN,denoted by xy:z)through chemical vapor depos-ition,which resulted in their improved thermal stability and thermal transmission performance.The results show that the remaining mass of MoS_(2)/BN-101 was as high as 69.25wt%at 800℃under air atmosphere,and a temperature difference of 31.7℃was maintained between the surface temperature and the heating source at a heating temperature of 200℃.Furthermore,MoS_(2)/BN-301 exhibited an im-pressive minimum reflection loss value of-32.21 dB at 4.0 mm and a wide effective attenuation bandwidth ranging from 9.32 to 18.00 GHz(8.68 GHz).Therefore,these simplified synthesized MoS_(2)/BN-xyz composites demonstrate great potential as highly efficient con-tenders for the enhancement of microwave absorption performance and thermal conductance.展开更多
Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have emerged as a promising contender for next-gener-ation energy storage systems.Hard carbon is re-garded as the most promising anode for commer-cial SIB,however,the large number of defects ...Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have emerged as a promising contender for next-gener-ation energy storage systems.Hard carbon is re-garded as the most promising anode for commer-cial SIB,however,the large number of defects on its surface cause irreversible electrolyte consump-tion and an uneven solid electrolyte interphase film.An advanced molecular engineering strategy to coat hard carbon with polycyclic aromatic mo-lecules is reported.Specifically,polystyrene-based carbon microspheres(CSs)were first synthesized and then coated with polycyclic aromatic mo-lecules derived from coal tar pitch by spray-drying and followed by oxidation.Compared to the traditional CVD coating meth-od,this molecular framework strategy has been shown to reduce the number of defects on the surface of CSs without sacrifi-cing internal storage sites and suppressing transport kinetics in hosting the sodium ions.Besides the lower surface defect con-centration,the synthesized hybrid carbon microspheres(HCSs)have a larger grain size and more abundant closed pores,and have a higher reversible sodium storage capacity.A HCS-P-60%electrode has a capacity of 332.3 mAh g^(-1)with an initial Cou-lombic efficiency of 88.5%.It also has a superior rate performance of 246.6 mAh g^(-1)at 2 C and a 95.2%capacity retention after 100 cycles at 0.2 C.This work offers new insights into designing high-performance hard carbon microsphere anodes,advan-cing the commercialization of sodium-ion batteries.展开更多
Carbon materials have made significant progress in the field of microwave absorption(MA),but achieving wide effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)at low filler content still remains a great challenge.In this work,we desi...Carbon materials have made significant progress in the field of microwave absorption(MA),but achieving wide effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)at low filler content still remains a great challenge.In this work,we design multi-shell bowl-like mesoporous carbon microspheres(MBMCs)by a facile hard template method for efficient MA.It is demonstrated that the spacing between inner and outer shell and second shell thickness play a vital role on the configuration of carbon microspheres.By controlling the second addition of silica template,the microstructure of carbon microsphere evolves from spherical to bowl shape geometry.Expanded shell spacing is beneficial for forming bowl-like microsphere.The dielectric loss and MA properties are highly associated with the configuration of MBMCs.Well-proportioned MBMCs with appropriate shell spacing present wide EAB of 7.3 GHz under a low filling ratio of 12 wt.%.This work paves a new way to broaden EAB and lower filling content of carbon materials via asymmetric multilayer microstructure design.展开更多
Crucial for mediating inflammation and the perception of pain,the ion channel known as transient receptor potential ankyrin 1(TRPA1)holds significant importance.It contributes to the increased production of cytokines ...Crucial for mediating inflammation and the perception of pain,the ion channel known as transient receptor potential ankyrin 1(TRPA1)holds significant importance.It contributes to the increased production of cytokines in the inflammatory cells of cartilage affected by osteoarthritis and represents a promising target for the treatment of this condition.By leveraging the unique advantages of liposomes,a composite microsphere drug delivery system with stable structural properties and high adaptability can be developed,providing a new strategy for osteoarthritis(OA)drug therapy.The liposomes as drug reservoirs for TRPA1 inhibitors were loaded into hyaluronic acid methacrylate(HAMA)hydrogels to make hydrogel microspheres via microfluidic technology.An in vitro inflammatory chondrocyte model was established with interleukin-1β(IL-1β)to demonstrate HAMA@Lipo@HC’s capabilities.A destabilization of the medial meniscus(DMM)mouse model was also created to evaluate the efficacy of intra-articular injections for treating OA.HAMA@Lipo@HC has a uniform particle-size distribution and is injectable.The drug encapsulation rate was 64.29%±2.58%,with a sustained release period of 28 days.Inhibition of TRPA1 via HC-030031 effectively alleviated IL-1β-induced chondrocyte inflammation and matrix degradation.In DMM model OA mice,microspheres showed good long-term sustained drug release properties,improved joint inflammation microenvironment,reduced articular cartilage damage and decreased mechanical nociceptive threshold.This research pioneers the creation of a drug delivery system tailored for delivery into the joint cavity,focusing on TRPA1 as a therapeutic target for osteoarthritis.Additionally,it offers a cutting-edge drug delivery platform aimed at addressing diseases linked to inflammation.展开更多
Yttrium-90(Y-90)microsphere therapy,known as radioembolization,has emerged as a pivotal treatment modality for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),delivering targeted radiation with minimal collateral damage to healthy live...Yttrium-90(Y-90)microsphere therapy,known as radioembolization,has emerged as a pivotal treatment modality for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),delivering targeted radiation with minimal collateral damage to healthy liver tissues.This review meticulously synthesizes current evidence regarding the clinical efficacy,underlying therapeutic mechanisms,patient selection criteria,and comparative advantages of Y-90 therapy.Clinical studies consistently demonstrate significant improvements in overall survival and progression-free survival,coupled with robust tumor response rates and manageable adverse events.The therapy’s efficacy is substantially enhanced by advanced dosimetric techniques,enabling precise radiation delivery tailored to individual tumor profiles.Comparative analyses reveal that Y-90 therapy provides superior local tumor control and a preferable safety profile compared to conventional treatments such as transarterial chemoembolization and external beam radiation therapy.Additionally,its clinical outcomes are comparable to those achieved with contemporary systemic therapies.Ongoing research into combination treatments incorporating Y-90 with systemic therapies,including targeted agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors,suggests promising advancements in comprehensive HCC management.Future directions highlight the necessity for continued refinement of dosimetry and patient stratification approaches,aiming to further optimize therapeutic outcomes.展开更多
Poly(octamethylene citrate)(POC)is a promising bioelastomer material in the biomedical field.However,its thermosetting nature poses a significant challenge to processing and molding,especially manufacturing the POC-ba...Poly(octamethylene citrate)(POC)is a promising bioelastomer material in the biomedical field.However,its thermosetting nature poses a significant challenge to processing and molding,especially manufacturing the POC-based elastomer particles as potential,degradable and toughened fillers.Firstly,a Pickering emulsion with a pre-polymer(pre-POC)solution in dimethyl carbonate as a dispersed oil phase,a Pullulan(PUL)aqueous solution as a continuous water phase,and chitin nanocrystal(ChiNC)as a particle-type emulsifier was constructed.Secondly,the POC-based core/shell structured microspheres were prepared by spray-drying of the emulsions,and characterized by a scanning electron microscope and a transmission electron microscope.Finally,the POC-based core/shell structured microspheres were used as elastomer fillers to strengthen and toughen a chitosan film,resulting in 26%increase in the tensile strength and 45%increase in the strain at break;the POC-based core/shell structured microsphere as a double-layer drug release system was built in which the hydrophilic drug of tetracycline hydrochloride(TCH)was released from the outer layer and the hydrophobic drug of curcumin was released from the inner layer,roughly following the Ritger-Peppas model.展开更多
Herein,porous poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)microspheres were prepared to load icariin andmiR-23b for the treatment of metastatic lung cancer.The microspheres exhibited desirable aerodynamic diameter,high drug lo...Herein,porous poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)microspheres were prepared to load icariin andmiR-23b for the treatment of metastatic lung cancer.The microspheres exhibited desirable aerodynamic diameter,high drug loading and encapsulation efficiency,as well as a favorable drug release profile,which was beneficial for the deposition and exposure of drugs in the lung tissues.The release solution from microspheres exhibited a favorable anti-proliferative effect by inducting cell apoptosis and arresting the cell cycle at G1 phase,and meanwhile inhibited the migration and invasion of cancer cells.More importantly,the microspheres could be effectively inhaled and accumulated in the lung tissues to trigger the in situ apoptosis of tumor cells and suppress metastasis,using mice bearing melanoma-metastatic lung cancer as a model.Furthermore,inhalation of themicrospheres showed favorable biocompatibility,barely causing tissue damage.Overall,porous PLGA microspheres provide a promising platform for the inhalable co-delivery of drugs and genes to obtain ideal therapeutic efficacy in lung cancer and other pulmonary diseases.展开更多
During oil displacement,surfactants often encounter challenges such as emulsion instability and channeling,which can compromise their efficiency.To address these issues,polymer microspheres were synthesized via revers...During oil displacement,surfactants often encounter challenges such as emulsion instability and channeling,which can compromise their efficiency.To address these issues,polymer microspheres were synthesized via reverse microemulsion polymerization using acrylamide,2-methyl-2-acrylamidopropane sulfonic acid,and stearyl methacrylate as monomers,with N,N-methylenebisacrylamide as the crosslinker.The microspheres were then combined with sodium alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate to enhance emulsion stability and expand the swept volume of surfactant.A stable reverse microemulsion system was prepared using the maximum water solubilization rate as the indicator,and microspheres were synthesized based on this system.The ability of the microspheres to enhance emulsion stability was systematically evaluated.The plugging performance and enhanced oil recovery(EOR)efficiency of the microsphere/surfactant composite system were assessed through core seepage and oil displacement experiments.The experimental results demonstrated that microspheres were successfully prepared in a water-in-oil reverse microemulsion system with a solubilization rate of 42%.The emulsion stability was evaluated under an oil-to-water ratio of 7:3,a temperature of 80℃,and a salinity of 44,592 mg/L,by manually shaking the test tube five times.It was observed that the complete phase separation time of the emulsion increased from 10 to 120 min after the addition of microspheres.Under different permeability conditions(100×10^(-3),300×10^(-3),500×10^(-3)μm^(2)),the recovery efficiency of the composite system increased by 4.5%,8.3%,and 4.8%,respectively,compared to a single surfactant system.The microspheres developed in this study enhanced emulsion stability and increased the swept volume of surfactant within the formation,significantly boosting its oil recovery efficiency.展开更多
Surgical incision infection is the most common postoperative complication that poses a serious threat to human health.In this work,the iron gallate(GA-Fe)modified hyaluronic acid microspheres(GFe@HAMSs)multifunctional...Surgical incision infection is the most common postoperative complication that poses a serious threat to human health.In this work,the iron gallate(GA-Fe)modified hyaluronic acid microspheres(GFe@HAMSs)multifunctional dressings with antibacterial activity,biodegradability,and the ability to promote tissue re-generation for infectious wound healing are prepared via the bonding engineering between bioactive iron ions and ligands from both polyphenol(i.e.gallic acid,GA)and HAMSs matrix.In our strategy,the Fe-HAMS interaction is first constructed,leading to the shrinkage of iron-doped HAMSs(Fe@HAMSs).Then,the addition of GA further tunes the metal-matrix bonding by introducing the competitive equilibrium between Fe-HAMS and Fe-GA chelation,leading to the volume expansion of GFe@HAMSs.The introduc-tion of iron ions can effectively shorten the inflammatory response and reverse the iron-deficient mi-croenvironment,thereby transforming the wound microenvironment into one conducive to tissue regen-eration.Benefitting from these bioactive effects of iron ions and the photothermal antibacterial activity of GA-Fe,the GFe@HAMSs significantly accelerate the wound healing process for rat skin-infected wounds by inhibiting the inflammatory response and macrophage polarization and promoting angiogenesis and tissue remodeling.The GFe@HAMSs proposed in this work not only provide a biomaterial for infectious wound healing but also offer a new strategy for designing multifunctional dressing.展开更多
To improve the controlled release ability,we prepared attapulgite into microspheres by spray drying.This research began with a thorough thermogravimetric analysis to optimize attapulgite's heat treatment for drug ...To improve the controlled release ability,we prepared attapulgite into microspheres by spray drying.This research began with a thorough thermogravimetric analysis to optimize attapulgite's heat treatment for drug loading.By advanced spray drying,attapulgite was transformed into microspheres,refining its drug release characteristics.Various parameters were examined,achieving optimal particle size and morphology at 25%solid content,2.5%dispersant,and 3% binder.Attapulgite microspheres demonstrated exceptional encapsulation efficiency,exceeding 95% for doxorubicin hydrochloride,highlighting their versatility in drug delivery.FTIR and XRD were used to predict changes in material properties after spray drying.Notably,cytotoxicity tests confirmed the high biocompatibility of attapulgite microspheres,devoid of cell death induction.Attapulgite microsphere loaded with doxorubicin enable sustained drug release and maintain killing ability against tumor cells.This study confirms the viability of spray dried attapulgite microspheres for efficient drug loading and delivery and provides insights for innovative drug delivery systems that utilize the unique properties of attapulgite to advance therapeutics.展开更多
Developing flexible actuators with high transport efficiency is of great significance for the emerging applications of micro-robots in various industrial and biomedical environments.Despite recent advancements have en...Developing flexible actuators with high transport efficiency is of great significance for the emerging applications of micro-robots in various industrial and biomedical environments.Despite recent advancements have enabled soft materials to achieve complex functionalities unattainable by traditional rigid robots,achieving high-speed transport performance for solid particles remains a significant challenge.Magnetic materials,as an integral component of scientific applications,have demonstrated substantial potential in areas such as biological imaging,catalysis,and energy storage.Inspired by the flexible,soft,and elastic microciliary structures of many organisms,a soft actuator decorated with magnetic microcilia was reported.This soft magnetic microciliary actuator achieves high speed(50 mm s^(-1))transport of solid microspheres by means of magnetic field regulate their surface morphology.Overcoming the limitations of prior studies in which the speed of motion was constrained to a few millimeters per second due to hysteresis effects,this work represents a significant advancement in the emerging field of biomimetic flexible actuators and holds promise in various applications.展开更多
Multiscale shell structure design is a rational and promising way to regulate the performance of hollow spheres in terms of both functionality and structural robustness,but it remains a big challenge to realize micro-...Multiscale shell structure design is a rational and promising way to regulate the performance of hollow spheres in terms of both functionality and structural robustness,but it remains a big challenge to realize micro-nano engineering of the thin shell while maintaining the low density.In this work,the divisional shell design strategy was adopted to obtain the glass-cobalt-cobalt sulfide composite hollow microspheres(CSH),and an unprecedented stepwise high-temperature chemical reaction-induced aggregation and sub-sequent volume expansion strategy was developed to achieve rational regulation of core-shell structured cobalt-cobalt sulfide building units(BU)assembled on hollow glass microspheres.Special attention has been paid to the sulfidation degree-induced volume control with the underlying mechanism of volume expansion during chemical conversion from metallic cobalt to cobalt sulfide.The electromagnetic prop-erty was found to depend largely on the sulfidation degree due to the volume expansion-induced inter-connecting status regulation among the BU.When evaluated as microwave absorbent,an optimized broad bandwidth of 5.12 GHz and a minimum reflection loss(RLmin)of-45.58 dB of our CSH can be achieved at a thin matching thickness of 1.67 mm and a low filling ratio of 20.04 wt%.In addition to functionality,the divisional shell design also brings the CSH high structural strength(92.36%survival rate at a high hydrostatic pressure of 20 MPa)at low density(0.73 g cm^(-3)).展开更多
The burgeoning ethylene production in the Asia-Pacific region has led to a substantial oversupply of butadiene as a byproduct,and it is highly important to develop new butadiene-based materials.Butadiene-maleic anhydr...The burgeoning ethylene production in the Asia-Pacific region has led to a substantial oversupply of butadiene as a byproduct,and it is highly important to develop new butadiene-based materials.Butadiene-maleic anhydride copolymer,characterized by its amphiphilic nature,shows potential applications in adhesives,emulsifiers,etc.However,the Diels-Alder(DA)reaction of butadiene and maleic anhydride competes with the polymerization,limiting the copolymer yield.In this study,the kinetics of the DA reaction and copolymerization between butadiene and maleic anhydride were examined,and the influence of various reaction conditions on the copolymer yield was investigated.We found that the DA reaction in the induction period of the radical polymerization was the critical factor in limiting copolymer yield.Therefore,we proposed the two-step method to suppress the DA reaction and achieve high-yield production(~85%)of cross-linked microspheres with controllable particle size(175-800 nm)by self-stabilized precipitation polymerization.This work enables an efficient synthesis of conjugated diolefin-maleic anhydride cross-linked microspheres,offering a novel approach to address the issue of butadiene overcapacity.展开更多
Visualizing blood flow velocity distribution is essential for comprehending the pathogenesis of various diseases and facilitating early diagnosis and treatment.Current hemodynamic studies utilizing optical coherence t...Visualizing blood flow velocity distribution is essential for comprehending the pathogenesis of various diseases and facilitating early diagnosis and treatment.Current hemodynamic studies utilizing optical coherence tomography(OCT)primarily rely on Doppler OCT(D-OCT)and OCT Angiography(OCTA),which measure axial blood vessel velocity or visualize the vascular architecture,respectively.However,these techniques have limitations in accurately quantifying the absolute velocity of red blood cells(RBCs).This study presents a novel method based on microsphere tracking,which enables precise quantification of absolute blood flow velocity along a blood vessel.In phantom experiments,freshly harvested blood mixed with microspheres was infused into a cellulose tube to simulate a single blood vessel.Experimental results,demon-strating an error margin of less than 10%,validated the effectiveness of this method.Blood flow velocities ranging from 0.472 mm/s to 18.9 mm/s were accurately measured.A preliminary in vivo examination of rabbit ear vessels was conducted,further validating the reliability of this method.This study presents a potential method for specific disease diagnosis by detecting tar-geted vessel flow velocity variations using swept-source optical coherence tomography(SS-OCT)combined with microsphere tracking.展开更多
Spray-drying is a widely used industrial technique to achieve the scale-up fabrication of functional powders.In this work,we report the spray-drying fabrication of perovskite quantum dot(PQD)microspheres from a precur...Spray-drying is a widely used industrial technique to achieve the scale-up fabrication of functional powders.In this work,we report the spray-drying fabrication of perovskite quantum dot(PQD)microspheres from a precursor solution at a scale of 2000 kg·a^(−1).The obtained PQDs are embedded in polymer microspheres,resulting in a high photoluminescence quantum yield and enhanced stability.By controlling the precursor concentration,the average size of the polymer microspheres can be tuned from 40.97 to 0.44μm.The as-prepared PQD-embedded polymer microspheres are mixed with ultraviolet adhesive to fabricate PQD-enhanced optical films for liquid crystal display(LCD)backlights.These films exhibit long-term operational stability under heat,humidity,and blue light irradiation(remaining at more than 90%initial photoluminescence intensity after a 1000 h aging test at 60℃ with 90%relative humidity and 70℃ with 455 nm 150 W·m^(−2) blue light irradiation).In addition,we demonstrate the use of PQD-embedded polymer microspheres as patterned color converters for micro light-emitting diode applications.Overall,this work demonstrates the scale-up fabrication of PQDs toward industrialization in display technology.展开更多
ObjectiveTo develop a sustained-release codelivery system for intratympanic administration of dexamethasone(DEX)and lipoic acid(LA).MethodsDEX microcrystals(MCs)were prepared via precipitation,while LA-loaded porous P...ObjectiveTo develop a sustained-release codelivery system for intratympanic administration of dexamethasone(DEX)and lipoic acid(LA).MethodsDEX microcrystals(MCs)were prepared via precipitation,while LA-loaded porous PLGA microspheres(LPMPs)were fabricated using a double emulsion–solvent evaporation method.DEX MCs were physically perfused into LPMPs via negative pressure to form a combined system(DEX MCs+LPMPs).Physicochemical properties,in vitro drug release,pharmacokinetics,and biocompatibility were evaluated.Guinea pigs were used for intratympanic injections of DEX MCs,LPMPs,or DEX MCs+LPMPs.ResultsThe DEX MCs+LPMPs system enabled simultaneous release of both drugs,with DEX exhibiting superior pharmacokinetics(sustained perilymph concentrations up to 7 days)compared to DEX MCs alone.LA release from LPMPs demonstrated prolonged kinetics without burst release.SEM confirmed DEX MCs were localized within/on LPMPs and adhered to the round window membrane(RWM).Histological analysis revealed normal cochlear morphology and no inflammatory response,confirming biocompatibility.ConclusionsThis novel codelivery system combining microcrystals and porous microspheres achieves sustained dual-drug release,enhances therapeutic efficacy,and offers a promising strategy for managing hearing loss via intratympanic administration.展开更多
Ceramic microspheres not only have excellent properties of ceramic materials(low density,large specific surface area,high strength,high hardness,as well as good chemical stability,high temperature resistance and wear ...Ceramic microspheres not only have excellent properties of ceramic materials(low density,large specific surface area,high strength,high hardness,as well as good chemical stability,high temperature resistance and wear resistance),but also have many advantages of microspheres due to their sphericity,making them widely used in nuclear industry,biology,medicine,chemical industry,military industry,environmental protection and many other fields.This paper mainly introduces several methods for preparing ceramic microspheres,including the methods of forming spheres using crystallographic principles,such as the sol-gel method and polymerization-induced colloidal aggregation method;the methods of forming spheres through extrusion,friction,collision and other mechanical forces,such as the air grinding method and die pressing method;and the methods to form spheres using the principle of surface tension,such as the spray drying method and melting method.In addition,the hydrothermal method,hard template method and emulsion-gel injection molding method were also introduced.展开更多
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2022MB033)Science and Technology Bureau of Jinan City(No.2021GXRC105)University of Jinan Disciplinary Cross-Convergence Construction Project 2023(No.XKJC-202302)。
文摘The construction of monodisperse microporous organic microspheres is deemed a challenging issue,primarily due to the difficulty in achieving both high microporosity and uniformity within the microspheres.In this study,a series of fluorinated monodisperse microporous microspheres are fabricated by solvothermal precipitation polymerization.The resulting fluorous methacrylate-based microspheres achieved higher than 400 m^(2)/g surface area,along with a yield of over 90%for the microspheres.Through comprehensive characterization and simulation methods,we discovered that the introduction of fluorous methacrylate monomers at high loading levels is the key factor contributing to the formation of the microporosity within the microspheres.The controlled temperature profile was found to be advantageous for achieving a high yield of microspheres and increased uniformity.Two-dimensional assemblies of these fluorinated microsphere arrays exhibited superhydrophobicity,superolephilicity,and water sliding angles below 10°.Furthermore,a three-dimensional assembly of the fluorinated microporous microsphere in a chromatographic column demonstrated significant improvement in the separation of Engelhardt agent compared to commercial columns.Our work offers a novel approach to constructing fluorinated monodisperse microporous microspheres for advanced applications.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31971106,BWS21L013,and 21WS09002).
文摘Bone defects have serious economic and clinical impacts;however,despite improvements in bone defect management,the range of clinical outcomes remains limited.A variety of biomaterials have been used to treat complex bone defects.However,final bone repair outcomes may be adversely affected by poor osteogenic capacity and risk of infection.Consequently,therapeutic methods are required that reduce bacterial contamination and increase the use of osteogenic biomaterials.Herein,we report the preparation of poly(lactic acid-coglycolic acid)(PLGA)microspheres coloaded with magnesium(Mg^(2+))and gallium(Ga^(3+))ions(Mg-Ga@PLGA),which can fill irregular bone defects and show good biosafety.During in vitro testing,Mg-Ga@PLGA not only showed a synergistic effect on promoting osteogenic differentiation but also inhibited osteoclastic differentiation.Moreover,we found that Mg-Ga@PLGA demonstrated an antibacterial effect.During in vivo testing,Mg Ga@PLGA exhibited strong in situ osteogenic ability.In conclusion,Mg-Ga@PLGA has good potential for treating bone defects at risk of infection.
基金supported by the National Major Scientific and Technological Special Project for“Significant New Drugs Development”(No.2018ZX09201018–028)the nuclear energy development projects of China during the 13thFive Year Plan periodthe key research and development project of the Sichuan Provincial Department of Science and Technology(No.18ZDYF1466)。
文摘Radioactive microspheres have demonstrated excellent therapeutic effects and good tolerance in the treatment of unresectable primary and secondary liver malignancies.This is attributed to precise embolization and potent anti-tumor effect.However,certain limitations such as unstable loading,perfusion stasis,heterogeneous distribution,ectopic distribution,and insufficient dosage,restrict their clinical application.Herein,a novel personalized Y-90 carbon microsphere with high uniformity,high specific activity and high availability(^(90)Y-HUACM)is presented.It is synthesized through planar molecular complex adsorption and chemical deposition solidification.^(90)Y-HUACM exhibited controllable size,excellent biocompatibility,outstanding in vitro and in vivo stability.The radiolabeling efficiency of Y-90 exceeded 99%and the leaching rate of Y-90 is far below 0.1%.Furthermore,the excellent anti-tumor effect,nuclide loading stability,anti-reflux characteristics,precise embolization,and biosafety of^(90)Y-HUACM were validated in a rabbit VX2liver tumor model.In summary,this new,high-performance,and customizable radioactive microsphere provides a superior choice for selective internal radiation treatment of advanced liver cancer is expected to be rapidly applied in clinical practice.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Department of Qinghai Province,China(No.2022-ZJ-932Q).
文摘The increase in the utilization of infrared heat detection technology in military applications necessitates research on composites with improved thermal transmission performance and microwave absorption capabilities.This study satisfactorily fabricated a series of MoS_(2)/BN-xyz composites(which were characterized by the weight ratio of MoS_(2)to BN,denoted by xy:z)through chemical vapor depos-ition,which resulted in their improved thermal stability and thermal transmission performance.The results show that the remaining mass of MoS_(2)/BN-101 was as high as 69.25wt%at 800℃under air atmosphere,and a temperature difference of 31.7℃was maintained between the surface temperature and the heating source at a heating temperature of 200℃.Furthermore,MoS_(2)/BN-301 exhibited an im-pressive minimum reflection loss value of-32.21 dB at 4.0 mm and a wide effective attenuation bandwidth ranging from 9.32 to 18.00 GHz(8.68 GHz).Therefore,these simplified synthesized MoS_(2)/BN-xyz composites demonstrate great potential as highly efficient con-tenders for the enhancement of microwave absorption performance and thermal conductance.
文摘Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have emerged as a promising contender for next-gener-ation energy storage systems.Hard carbon is re-garded as the most promising anode for commer-cial SIB,however,the large number of defects on its surface cause irreversible electrolyte consump-tion and an uneven solid electrolyte interphase film.An advanced molecular engineering strategy to coat hard carbon with polycyclic aromatic mo-lecules is reported.Specifically,polystyrene-based carbon microspheres(CSs)were first synthesized and then coated with polycyclic aromatic mo-lecules derived from coal tar pitch by spray-drying and followed by oxidation.Compared to the traditional CVD coating meth-od,this molecular framework strategy has been shown to reduce the number of defects on the surface of CSs without sacrifi-cing internal storage sites and suppressing transport kinetics in hosting the sodium ions.Besides the lower surface defect con-centration,the synthesized hybrid carbon microspheres(HCSs)have a larger grain size and more abundant closed pores,and have a higher reversible sodium storage capacity.A HCS-P-60%electrode has a capacity of 332.3 mAh g^(-1)with an initial Cou-lombic efficiency of 88.5%.It also has a superior rate performance of 246.6 mAh g^(-1)at 2 C and a 95.2%capacity retention after 100 cycles at 0.2 C.This work offers new insights into designing high-performance hard carbon microsphere anodes,advan-cing the commercialization of sodium-ion batteries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52202105,51772177,52231007,12327804)the Project Funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021M702056).
文摘Carbon materials have made significant progress in the field of microwave absorption(MA),but achieving wide effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)at low filler content still remains a great challenge.In this work,we design multi-shell bowl-like mesoporous carbon microspheres(MBMCs)by a facile hard template method for efficient MA.It is demonstrated that the spacing between inner and outer shell and second shell thickness play a vital role on the configuration of carbon microspheres.By controlling the second addition of silica template,the microstructure of carbon microsphere evolves from spherical to bowl shape geometry.Expanded shell spacing is beneficial for forming bowl-like microsphere.The dielectric loss and MA properties are highly associated with the configuration of MBMCs.Well-proportioned MBMCs with appropriate shell spacing present wide EAB of 7.3 GHz under a low filling ratio of 12 wt.%.This work paves a new way to broaden EAB and lower filling content of carbon materials via asymmetric multilayer microstructure design.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.82230071)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82202674,82202334)Wenzhou Science and Technology Project(Nos.Y20220178,Y20220016).
文摘Crucial for mediating inflammation and the perception of pain,the ion channel known as transient receptor potential ankyrin 1(TRPA1)holds significant importance.It contributes to the increased production of cytokines in the inflammatory cells of cartilage affected by osteoarthritis and represents a promising target for the treatment of this condition.By leveraging the unique advantages of liposomes,a composite microsphere drug delivery system with stable structural properties and high adaptability can be developed,providing a new strategy for osteoarthritis(OA)drug therapy.The liposomes as drug reservoirs for TRPA1 inhibitors were loaded into hyaluronic acid methacrylate(HAMA)hydrogels to make hydrogel microspheres via microfluidic technology.An in vitro inflammatory chondrocyte model was established with interleukin-1β(IL-1β)to demonstrate HAMA@Lipo@HC’s capabilities.A destabilization of the medial meniscus(DMM)mouse model was also created to evaluate the efficacy of intra-articular injections for treating OA.HAMA@Lipo@HC has a uniform particle-size distribution and is injectable.The drug encapsulation rate was 64.29%±2.58%,with a sustained release period of 28 days.Inhibition of TRPA1 via HC-030031 effectively alleviated IL-1β-induced chondrocyte inflammation and matrix degradation.In DMM model OA mice,microspheres showed good long-term sustained drug release properties,improved joint inflammation microenvironment,reduced articular cartilage damage and decreased mechanical nociceptive threshold.This research pioneers the creation of a drug delivery system tailored for delivery into the joint cavity,focusing on TRPA1 as a therapeutic target for osteoarthritis.Additionally,it offers a cutting-edge drug delivery platform aimed at addressing diseases linked to inflammation.
文摘Yttrium-90(Y-90)microsphere therapy,known as radioembolization,has emerged as a pivotal treatment modality for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),delivering targeted radiation with minimal collateral damage to healthy liver tissues.This review meticulously synthesizes current evidence regarding the clinical efficacy,underlying therapeutic mechanisms,patient selection criteria,and comparative advantages of Y-90 therapy.Clinical studies consistently demonstrate significant improvements in overall survival and progression-free survival,coupled with robust tumor response rates and manageable adverse events.The therapy’s efficacy is substantially enhanced by advanced dosimetric techniques,enabling precise radiation delivery tailored to individual tumor profiles.Comparative analyses reveal that Y-90 therapy provides superior local tumor control and a preferable safety profile compared to conventional treatments such as transarterial chemoembolization and external beam radiation therapy.Additionally,its clinical outcomes are comparable to those achieved with contemporary systemic therapies.Ongoing research into combination treatments incorporating Y-90 with systemic therapies,including targeted agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors,suggests promising advancements in comprehensive HCC management.Future directions highlight the necessity for continued refinement of dosimetry and patient stratification approaches,aiming to further optimize therapeutic outcomes.
文摘Poly(octamethylene citrate)(POC)is a promising bioelastomer material in the biomedical field.However,its thermosetting nature poses a significant challenge to processing and molding,especially manufacturing the POC-based elastomer particles as potential,degradable and toughened fillers.Firstly,a Pickering emulsion with a pre-polymer(pre-POC)solution in dimethyl carbonate as a dispersed oil phase,a Pullulan(PUL)aqueous solution as a continuous water phase,and chitin nanocrystal(ChiNC)as a particle-type emulsifier was constructed.Secondly,the POC-based core/shell structured microspheres were prepared by spray-drying of the emulsions,and characterized by a scanning electron microscope and a transmission electron microscope.Finally,the POC-based core/shell structured microspheres were used as elastomer fillers to strengthen and toughen a chitosan film,resulting in 26%increase in the tensile strength and 45%increase in the strain at break;the POC-based core/shell structured microsphere as a double-layer drug release system was built in which the hydrophilic drug of tetracycline hydrochloride(TCH)was released from the outer layer and the hydrophobic drug of curcumin was released from the inner layer,roughly following the Ritger-Peppas model.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32271319 and 32071267)the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province(YDZJ202301ZYTS537 and 20240402035GH)+1 种基金the Development and Reform Commission of Jilin Province(2023C015)the“Medicine+X”cross-innovation team of Bethune Medical Department of Jilin University“Leading the Charge with Open Competition”construction project(2022JBGS04).
文摘Herein,porous poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)microspheres were prepared to load icariin andmiR-23b for the treatment of metastatic lung cancer.The microspheres exhibited desirable aerodynamic diameter,high drug loading and encapsulation efficiency,as well as a favorable drug release profile,which was beneficial for the deposition and exposure of drugs in the lung tissues.The release solution from microspheres exhibited a favorable anti-proliferative effect by inducting cell apoptosis and arresting the cell cycle at G1 phase,and meanwhile inhibited the migration and invasion of cancer cells.More importantly,the microspheres could be effectively inhaled and accumulated in the lung tissues to trigger the in situ apoptosis of tumor cells and suppress metastasis,using mice bearing melanoma-metastatic lung cancer as a model.Furthermore,inhalation of themicrospheres showed favorable biocompatibility,barely causing tissue damage.Overall,porous PLGA microspheres provide a promising platform for the inhalable co-delivery of drugs and genes to obtain ideal therapeutic efficacy in lung cancer and other pulmonary diseases.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2021ME007)the National Natural Science Foundation in China(51574267)the Key Projects of China National Key Research and Development Plan(2019YFA0708703)。
文摘During oil displacement,surfactants often encounter challenges such as emulsion instability and channeling,which can compromise their efficiency.To address these issues,polymer microspheres were synthesized via reverse microemulsion polymerization using acrylamide,2-methyl-2-acrylamidopropane sulfonic acid,and stearyl methacrylate as monomers,with N,N-methylenebisacrylamide as the crosslinker.The microspheres were then combined with sodium alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate to enhance emulsion stability and expand the swept volume of surfactant.A stable reverse microemulsion system was prepared using the maximum water solubilization rate as the indicator,and microspheres were synthesized based on this system.The ability of the microspheres to enhance emulsion stability was systematically evaluated.The plugging performance and enhanced oil recovery(EOR)efficiency of the microsphere/surfactant composite system were assessed through core seepage and oil displacement experiments.The experimental results demonstrated that microspheres were successfully prepared in a water-in-oil reverse microemulsion system with a solubilization rate of 42%.The emulsion stability was evaluated under an oil-to-water ratio of 7:3,a temperature of 80℃,and a salinity of 44,592 mg/L,by manually shaking the test tube five times.It was observed that the complete phase separation time of the emulsion increased from 10 to 120 min after the addition of microspheres.Under different permeability conditions(100×10^(-3),300×10^(-3),500×10^(-3)μm^(2)),the recovery efficiency of the composite system increased by 4.5%,8.3%,and 4.8%,respectively,compared to a single surfactant system.The microspheres developed in this study enhanced emulsion stability and increased the swept volume of surfactant within the formation,significantly boosting its oil recovery efficiency.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFE0123500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32201102,31771081),the Science and Technology Bureau of Suzhou City(No.SZKJXM202318)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.22S31903300)the Shanghai Pujiang Program(No.22PJD055).
文摘Surgical incision infection is the most common postoperative complication that poses a serious threat to human health.In this work,the iron gallate(GA-Fe)modified hyaluronic acid microspheres(GFe@HAMSs)multifunctional dressings with antibacterial activity,biodegradability,and the ability to promote tissue re-generation for infectious wound healing are prepared via the bonding engineering between bioactive iron ions and ligands from both polyphenol(i.e.gallic acid,GA)and HAMSs matrix.In our strategy,the Fe-HAMS interaction is first constructed,leading to the shrinkage of iron-doped HAMSs(Fe@HAMSs).Then,the addition of GA further tunes the metal-matrix bonding by introducing the competitive equilibrium between Fe-HAMS and Fe-GA chelation,leading to the volume expansion of GFe@HAMSs.The introduc-tion of iron ions can effectively shorten the inflammatory response and reverse the iron-deficient mi-croenvironment,thereby transforming the wound microenvironment into one conducive to tissue regen-eration.Benefitting from these bioactive effects of iron ions and the photothermal antibacterial activity of GA-Fe,the GFe@HAMSs significantly accelerate the wound healing process for rat skin-infected wounds by inhibiting the inflammatory response and macrophage polarization and promoting angiogenesis and tissue remodeling.The GFe@HAMSs proposed in this work not only provide a biomaterial for infectious wound healing but also offer a new strategy for designing multifunctional dressing.
基金Funded by the Major Special Projects of Technological Innovation of Hubei Province(No.2017ACA168)the Open Fund Project of Sanya Science and Education Innovation Park of Wuhan University of Technology(No.2021KF0012)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2021B1515120091)。
文摘To improve the controlled release ability,we prepared attapulgite into microspheres by spray drying.This research began with a thorough thermogravimetric analysis to optimize attapulgite's heat treatment for drug loading.By advanced spray drying,attapulgite was transformed into microspheres,refining its drug release characteristics.Various parameters were examined,achieving optimal particle size and morphology at 25%solid content,2.5%dispersant,and 3% binder.Attapulgite microspheres demonstrated exceptional encapsulation efficiency,exceeding 95% for doxorubicin hydrochloride,highlighting their versatility in drug delivery.FTIR and XRD were used to predict changes in material properties after spray drying.Notably,cytotoxicity tests confirmed the high biocompatibility of attapulgite microspheres,devoid of cell death induction.Attapulgite microsphere loaded with doxorubicin enable sustained drug release and maintain killing ability against tumor cells.This study confirms the viability of spray dried attapulgite microspheres for efficient drug loading and delivery and provides insights for innovative drug delivery systems that utilize the unique properties of attapulgite to advance therapeutics.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22105014 and 52472293)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2020M680296 and 2022T150035)+3 种基金the High-level Talent Project of Shenyang Ligong University(Nos.1010147001302)the Special fund of Basic Scientific Research Expenses for Undergraduate Universities in Liaoning Province(Nos.LJ212410144077 and LJ212410144072)Beijing Young Talent Support Program,the 111 Projectthe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘Developing flexible actuators with high transport efficiency is of great significance for the emerging applications of micro-robots in various industrial and biomedical environments.Despite recent advancements have enabled soft materials to achieve complex functionalities unattainable by traditional rigid robots,achieving high-speed transport performance for solid particles remains a significant challenge.Magnetic materials,as an integral component of scientific applications,have demonstrated substantial potential in areas such as biological imaging,catalysis,and energy storage.Inspired by the flexible,soft,and elastic microciliary structures of many organisms,a soft actuator decorated with magnetic microcilia was reported.This soft magnetic microciliary actuator achieves high speed(50 mm s^(-1))transport of solid microspheres by means of magnetic field regulate their surface morphology.Overcoming the limitations of prior studies in which the speed of motion was constrained to a few millimeters per second due to hysteresis effects,this work represents a significant advancement in the emerging field of biomimetic flexible actuators and holds promise in various applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(project No 51872298)the fund of the State Key Laboratory of Technologies in Space Cryogenic Pro-pellants(project No SKLTSCP202202)the Strategic Priority Re-search Program of the Chinese Academy of Science(project No XDA22010202).
文摘Multiscale shell structure design is a rational and promising way to regulate the performance of hollow spheres in terms of both functionality and structural robustness,but it remains a big challenge to realize micro-nano engineering of the thin shell while maintaining the low density.In this work,the divisional shell design strategy was adopted to obtain the glass-cobalt-cobalt sulfide composite hollow microspheres(CSH),and an unprecedented stepwise high-temperature chemical reaction-induced aggregation and sub-sequent volume expansion strategy was developed to achieve rational regulation of core-shell structured cobalt-cobalt sulfide building units(BU)assembled on hollow glass microspheres.Special attention has been paid to the sulfidation degree-induced volume control with the underlying mechanism of volume expansion during chemical conversion from metallic cobalt to cobalt sulfide.The electromagnetic prop-erty was found to depend largely on the sulfidation degree due to the volume expansion-induced inter-connecting status regulation among the BU.When evaluated as microwave absorbent,an optimized broad bandwidth of 5.12 GHz and a minimum reflection loss(RLmin)of-45.58 dB of our CSH can be achieved at a thin matching thickness of 1.67 mm and a low filling ratio of 20.04 wt%.In addition to functionality,the divisional shell design also brings the CSH high structural strength(92.36%survival rate at a high hydrostatic pressure of 20 MPa)at low density(0.73 g cm^(-3)).
基金financially supported by an internal fund from Tsinghua University。
文摘The burgeoning ethylene production in the Asia-Pacific region has led to a substantial oversupply of butadiene as a byproduct,and it is highly important to develop new butadiene-based materials.Butadiene-maleic anhydride copolymer,characterized by its amphiphilic nature,shows potential applications in adhesives,emulsifiers,etc.However,the Diels-Alder(DA)reaction of butadiene and maleic anhydride competes with the polymerization,limiting the copolymer yield.In this study,the kinetics of the DA reaction and copolymerization between butadiene and maleic anhydride were examined,and the influence of various reaction conditions on the copolymer yield was investigated.We found that the DA reaction in the induction period of the radical polymerization was the critical factor in limiting copolymer yield.Therefore,we proposed the two-step method to suppress the DA reaction and achieve high-yield production(~85%)of cross-linked microspheres with controllable particle size(175-800 nm)by self-stabilized precipitation polymerization.This work enables an efficient synthesis of conjugated diolefin-maleic anhydride cross-linked microspheres,offering a novel approach to address the issue of butadiene overcapacity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62175156,81827807)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(22S31903000)+3 种基金the Collaborative Innovation Project of Shanghai Institute of Technology(XTCX2022-27)the Shenzhen Basic Research Key Project(JCYJ20220818103212026)the Shenzhen Key Technology Project(JSGGZD20220822095200002)the Shenzhen Outstanding Scientific and Technological Innovation Talents Distinguished Young Scientists(RCJC20210609104443085).
文摘Visualizing blood flow velocity distribution is essential for comprehending the pathogenesis of various diseases and facilitating early diagnosis and treatment.Current hemodynamic studies utilizing optical coherence tomography(OCT)primarily rely on Doppler OCT(D-OCT)and OCT Angiography(OCTA),which measure axial blood vessel velocity or visualize the vascular architecture,respectively.However,these techniques have limitations in accurately quantifying the absolute velocity of red blood cells(RBCs).This study presents a novel method based on microsphere tracking,which enables precise quantification of absolute blood flow velocity along a blood vessel.In phantom experiments,freshly harvested blood mixed with microspheres was infused into a cellulose tube to simulate a single blood vessel.Experimental results,demon-strating an error margin of less than 10%,validated the effectiveness of this method.Blood flow velocities ranging from 0.472 mm/s to 18.9 mm/s were accurately measured.A preliminary in vivo examination of rabbit ear vessels was conducted,further validating the reliability of this method.This study presents a potential method for specific disease diagnosis by detecting tar-geted vessel flow velocity variations using swept-source optical coherence tomography(SS-OCT)combined with microsphere tracking.
基金supported by the Hefei Innovation Research Institute of Beihang University,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52203321)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grant(2022M710289)the Postdoctoral Research Funding Program of Hefei.
文摘Spray-drying is a widely used industrial technique to achieve the scale-up fabrication of functional powders.In this work,we report the spray-drying fabrication of perovskite quantum dot(PQD)microspheres from a precursor solution at a scale of 2000 kg·a^(−1).The obtained PQDs are embedded in polymer microspheres,resulting in a high photoluminescence quantum yield and enhanced stability.By controlling the precursor concentration,the average size of the polymer microspheres can be tuned from 40.97 to 0.44μm.The as-prepared PQD-embedded polymer microspheres are mixed with ultraviolet adhesive to fabricate PQD-enhanced optical films for liquid crystal display(LCD)backlights.These films exhibit long-term operational stability under heat,humidity,and blue light irradiation(remaining at more than 90%initial photoluminescence intensity after a 1000 h aging test at 60℃ with 90%relative humidity and 70℃ with 455 nm 150 W·m^(−2) blue light irradiation).In addition,we demonstrate the use of PQD-embedded polymer microspheres as patterned color converters for micro light-emitting diode applications.Overall,this work demonstrates the scale-up fabrication of PQDs toward industrialization in display technology.
基金supported by Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research(CFH:2022-2-5072)the Tianjin Natural Science Foundation for Jingjinji Collaboration(23JCZXJC00240)+1 种基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation(J230006)the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Science(2021-I2M-1-052).
文摘ObjectiveTo develop a sustained-release codelivery system for intratympanic administration of dexamethasone(DEX)and lipoic acid(LA).MethodsDEX microcrystals(MCs)were prepared via precipitation,while LA-loaded porous PLGA microspheres(LPMPs)were fabricated using a double emulsion–solvent evaporation method.DEX MCs were physically perfused into LPMPs via negative pressure to form a combined system(DEX MCs+LPMPs).Physicochemical properties,in vitro drug release,pharmacokinetics,and biocompatibility were evaluated.Guinea pigs were used for intratympanic injections of DEX MCs,LPMPs,or DEX MCs+LPMPs.ResultsThe DEX MCs+LPMPs system enabled simultaneous release of both drugs,with DEX exhibiting superior pharmacokinetics(sustained perilymph concentrations up to 7 days)compared to DEX MCs alone.LA release from LPMPs demonstrated prolonged kinetics without burst release.SEM confirmed DEX MCs were localized within/on LPMPs and adhered to the round window membrane(RWM).Histological analysis revealed normal cochlear morphology and no inflammatory response,confirming biocompatibility.ConclusionsThis novel codelivery system combining microcrystals and porous microspheres achieves sustained dual-drug release,enhances therapeutic efficacy,and offers a promising strategy for managing hearing loss via intratympanic administration.
文摘Ceramic microspheres not only have excellent properties of ceramic materials(low density,large specific surface area,high strength,high hardness,as well as good chemical stability,high temperature resistance and wear resistance),but also have many advantages of microspheres due to their sphericity,making them widely used in nuclear industry,biology,medicine,chemical industry,military industry,environmental protection and many other fields.This paper mainly introduces several methods for preparing ceramic microspheres,including the methods of forming spheres using crystallographic principles,such as the sol-gel method and polymerization-induced colloidal aggregation method;the methods of forming spheres through extrusion,friction,collision and other mechanical forces,such as the air grinding method and die pressing method;and the methods to form spheres using the principle of surface tension,such as the spray drying method and melting method.In addition,the hydrothermal method,hard template method and emulsion-gel injection molding method were also introduced.
