Accidental collapse resulted from unstable factors is an important technological problem to be solved in sanitary landfill. Microbiological degradation of organic matters in landfilled solid waste are an important uns...Accidental collapse resulted from unstable factors is an important technological problem to be solved in sanitary landfill. Microbiological degradation of organic matters in landfilled solid waste are an important unstable factor. A landfill reactor was thus manufactured and installed to examine quantitative and population dynamics of microorganisms during degradation of landfilled solid waste. It was showed that unstable landfill can be reflected and indicated by microbiological features such as rapidly decreased growth amount of microorganisms, no detection of fungi and actinomyces, and changing the dominant population into methanogenic bacteria and Acinotobacter.展开更多
In Saint-Louis, Senegal, a constructed wetland with horizontal flow reed beds (FHa and FHb) has demonstrated significant efficacy in treating municipal wastewater. Analyzing various treatment stages, the system showed...In Saint-Louis, Senegal, a constructed wetland with horizontal flow reed beds (FHa and FHb) has demonstrated significant efficacy in treating municipal wastewater. Analyzing various treatment stages, the system showed only a slight temperature variation, from an influent average of 26.3°C to an effluent of 24.7°C. Electrical conductivity decreased from 1331 mS/cm to 974.5 mS/cm post-primary treatment, with suspended solids (SS) dramatically reduced from 718.9 mg/L to 5.7 mg/L in the final effluent. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) saw a notable decrease, from initial levels of 655.6 mg/L and 1240 mg/L to 2.3 mg/L and 71.3 mg/L, respectively. Nitrogenous compounds (N-TN) and phosphates () also decreased significantly, indicating the system’s nutrient removal capacity. Microbiological analysis revealed a reduction in fecal coliforms from 7.5 Ulog/100ml to 1.8 Ulog/100ml and a complete elimination of helminth eggs. The presence of Phragmites and Typha was instrumental in enhancing these reductions. The system’s compliance with the Senegalese standards for disposal into natural environments, WHO recommendations for unrestricted water reuse in irrigation, and the European legislation for water reuse was established. The effluent quality met the stringent criteria for various classes of agricultural reuse, illustrating the system’s potential for sustainable water management. This wetland model presents a robust solution for water-stressed regions, ensuring environmental protection while supporting agricultural needs. The study calls for ongoing research to further refine the system for optimal, reliable wastewater treatment and water resource sustainability.展开更多
The Amazon boasts high diversity in fauna,flora,and microorganisms,but anthropogenic actions could lead to environmental imbalances,resulting in degradation.An alternative to restore these ecological processes is ecol...The Amazon boasts high diversity in fauna,flora,and microorganisms,but anthropogenic actions could lead to environmental imbalances,resulting in degradation.An alternative to restore these ecological processes is ecological restoration,involving ecosystem recovery.One way to assess changes in these environments during ecological restoration processes is through studies using microbiological indicators of soil quality.Thus,the hypothesis of this study was that the quantity and activity of microorganisms would vary according to the vegetative cover provided by different ecological restoration strategies and over time.This study aimed to evaluate whether different ecological restoration strategies influence the quantity of microbial biomass carbon,enzyme activity,and functional diversity of soil microbial communities.Seven treatments were set up:planting native and eucalyptus seedlings;planting native,açaí,and rubber tree seedlings;planting native seedlings;seeding of native species and green manure and planting of eucalyptus seedlings;row seeding of native plants,green manure,and eucalyptus;passive natural regeneration management;and planting native seedlings without thinning and pruning.In addition,native forest was included as a reference.Microbial biomass carbon showed great variation at the beginning of the experiment,and it became uniform across treatments over seven years.The activity ofβ-glucosidase did not exhibit differences between treatments,and acid phosphatase activity showed variation in the second year.Evaluation of these microbiological parameters revealed that the treatments with green manure achieved better results over time,aiding in directing ecological restoration strategies and maintaining microbial biodiversity.展开更多
文摘Accidental collapse resulted from unstable factors is an important technological problem to be solved in sanitary landfill. Microbiological degradation of organic matters in landfilled solid waste are an important unstable factor. A landfill reactor was thus manufactured and installed to examine quantitative and population dynamics of microorganisms during degradation of landfilled solid waste. It was showed that unstable landfill can be reflected and indicated by microbiological features such as rapidly decreased growth amount of microorganisms, no detection of fungi and actinomyces, and changing the dominant population into methanogenic bacteria and Acinotobacter.
文摘In Saint-Louis, Senegal, a constructed wetland with horizontal flow reed beds (FHa and FHb) has demonstrated significant efficacy in treating municipal wastewater. Analyzing various treatment stages, the system showed only a slight temperature variation, from an influent average of 26.3°C to an effluent of 24.7°C. Electrical conductivity decreased from 1331 mS/cm to 974.5 mS/cm post-primary treatment, with suspended solids (SS) dramatically reduced from 718.9 mg/L to 5.7 mg/L in the final effluent. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) saw a notable decrease, from initial levels of 655.6 mg/L and 1240 mg/L to 2.3 mg/L and 71.3 mg/L, respectively. Nitrogenous compounds (N-TN) and phosphates () also decreased significantly, indicating the system’s nutrient removal capacity. Microbiological analysis revealed a reduction in fecal coliforms from 7.5 Ulog/100ml to 1.8 Ulog/100ml and a complete elimination of helminth eggs. The presence of Phragmites and Typha was instrumental in enhancing these reductions. The system’s compliance with the Senegalese standards for disposal into natural environments, WHO recommendations for unrestricted water reuse in irrigation, and the European legislation for water reuse was established. The effluent quality met the stringent criteria for various classes of agricultural reuse, illustrating the system’s potential for sustainable water management. This wetland model presents a robust solution for water-stressed regions, ensuring environmental protection while supporting agricultural needs. The study calls for ongoing research to further refine the system for optimal, reliable wastewater treatment and water resource sustainability.
基金funded by Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Mato Grosso(FAPEMAT),Brazil.
文摘The Amazon boasts high diversity in fauna,flora,and microorganisms,but anthropogenic actions could lead to environmental imbalances,resulting in degradation.An alternative to restore these ecological processes is ecological restoration,involving ecosystem recovery.One way to assess changes in these environments during ecological restoration processes is through studies using microbiological indicators of soil quality.Thus,the hypothesis of this study was that the quantity and activity of microorganisms would vary according to the vegetative cover provided by different ecological restoration strategies and over time.This study aimed to evaluate whether different ecological restoration strategies influence the quantity of microbial biomass carbon,enzyme activity,and functional diversity of soil microbial communities.Seven treatments were set up:planting native and eucalyptus seedlings;planting native,açaí,and rubber tree seedlings;planting native seedlings;seeding of native species and green manure and planting of eucalyptus seedlings;row seeding of native plants,green manure,and eucalyptus;passive natural regeneration management;and planting native seedlings without thinning and pruning.In addition,native forest was included as a reference.Microbial biomass carbon showed great variation at the beginning of the experiment,and it became uniform across treatments over seven years.The activity ofβ-glucosidase did not exhibit differences between treatments,and acid phosphatase activity showed variation in the second year.Evaluation of these microbiological parameters revealed that the treatments with green manure achieved better results over time,aiding in directing ecological restoration strategies and maintaining microbial biodiversity.
