Masked data are the system failure data when exact component causing system failure might be unknown.In this paper,the mathematical description of general masked data was presented in software reliability engineering....Masked data are the system failure data when exact component causing system failure might be unknown.In this paper,the mathematical description of general masked data was presented in software reliability engineering.Furthermore,a general maskedbased additive non-homogeneous Poisson process(NHPP) model was considered to analyze component reliability.However,the problem of masked-based additive model lies in the difficulty of estimating parameters.The maximum likelihood estimation procedure was derived to estimate parameters.Finally,a numerical example was given to illustrate the applicability of proposed model,and the immune particle swarm optimization(IPSO) algorithm was used in maximize log-likelihood function.展开更多
LA-MC-ICP-MS offers the ability to directly measure small variations in isotope composition at the micrometer scale in geological samples.However,when analyzing isotope ratios in complex minerals,mass spectrometric in...LA-MC-ICP-MS offers the ability to directly measure small variations in isotope composition at the micrometer scale in geological samples.However,when analyzing isotope ratios in complex minerals,mass spectrometric interferences from themselves and isotopic mass fractionation arising from the analytical process need to be carefully corrected.The lack of professional software to visualize and process raw data presents a significant challenge for all of LA-MC-ICP-MS labs.Moreover,the rapid development of instruments and the innovations in micro-analytical techniques necessitate specialized software to complete the complex correction and improve efficiency,such as for in situ isochron dating or new linear regression correction techniques.In this study,Plume,a free data processing software,was developed specifically for isotopic data processing in LA-MC-ICP-MS.The software provides a comprehensive set of functions,including baseline correction,signal selection and integration,mass spectrometric interference correction,isotopic fractionation correction,uncertainty propagation,delta value calculation,and real-time data processing.It also supports a complete correction workflow for the latest isochron dating using LA-(MC)-ICP-MS/MS,including isotopic and elemental ratios correction,the isochron drawing,and age calculation for multiple models.Additionally,a dedicated linear regression calculation unit has been developed in Plume to specialize in data processing of low signal-to-noise ratio or high spatial resolution analysis.These new features expand the application range of LA-MC-ICP-MS and improve work efficiency through batch processing.展开更多
基金Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province,China(No.QianKeHeJZi[2015]2064)Scientific Research Foundation for Advanced Talents in Guizhou Institue of Technology and Science,China(No.XJGC20150106)Joint Foundation of Guizhou Province,China(No.QianKeHeLHZi[2015]7105)
文摘Masked data are the system failure data when exact component causing system failure might be unknown.In this paper,the mathematical description of general masked data was presented in software reliability engineering.Furthermore,a general maskedbased additive non-homogeneous Poisson process(NHPP) model was considered to analyze component reliability.However,the problem of masked-based additive model lies in the difficulty of estimating parameters.The maximum likelihood estimation procedure was derived to estimate parameters.Finally,a numerical example was given to illustrate the applicability of proposed model,and the immune particle swarm optimization(IPSO) algorithm was used in maximize log-likelihood function.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2024YFF0808200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42330104,42473035)+1 种基金Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2025AFA005)the Most Special Fund from the State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences(Grant Nos.MSFGPMR04 and MSFGPMR08)。
文摘LA-MC-ICP-MS offers the ability to directly measure small variations in isotope composition at the micrometer scale in geological samples.However,when analyzing isotope ratios in complex minerals,mass spectrometric interferences from themselves and isotopic mass fractionation arising from the analytical process need to be carefully corrected.The lack of professional software to visualize and process raw data presents a significant challenge for all of LA-MC-ICP-MS labs.Moreover,the rapid development of instruments and the innovations in micro-analytical techniques necessitate specialized software to complete the complex correction and improve efficiency,such as for in situ isochron dating or new linear regression correction techniques.In this study,Plume,a free data processing software,was developed specifically for isotopic data processing in LA-MC-ICP-MS.The software provides a comprehensive set of functions,including baseline correction,signal selection and integration,mass spectrometric interference correction,isotopic fractionation correction,uncertainty propagation,delta value calculation,and real-time data processing.It also supports a complete correction workflow for the latest isochron dating using LA-(MC)-ICP-MS/MS,including isotopic and elemental ratios correction,the isochron drawing,and age calculation for multiple models.Additionally,a dedicated linear regression calculation unit has been developed in Plume to specialize in data processing of low signal-to-noise ratio or high spatial resolution analysis.These new features expand the application range of LA-MC-ICP-MS and improve work efficiency through batch processing.
