Sandy debris flow deposits are present in Unit I during Miocene of Gas Field A in the Baiyun Depression of the South China Sea. The paucity of well data and the great variability of the sedimentary microfacies make it...Sandy debris flow deposits are present in Unit I during Miocene of Gas Field A in the Baiyun Depression of the South China Sea. The paucity of well data and the great variability of the sedimentary microfacies make it difficult to identify and predict the distribution patterns of the main gas reservoir, and have seriously hindered further exploration and development of the gas field. Therefore, making full use of the available seismic data is extremely important for predicting the spatial distribution of sedimentary microfacies when constructing three-dimensional reservoir models. A suitable reservoir modeling strategy or workflow controlled by sedimentary microfacies and seismic data has been developed. Five types of seismic attributes were selected to correlate with the sand percentage, and the root mean square （RMS） amplitude performed the best. The relation between the RMS amplitude and the sand percentage was used to construct a reservoir sand distribution map. Three types of main sedimentary microfacies were identified： debris channels, fan lobes, and natural levees. Using constraints from the sedimentary microfacies boundaries, a sedimentary microfacies model was constructed using the sequential indicator and assigned value simulation methods. Finally, reservoir models of physical properties for sandy debris flow deposits controlled by sedimentary microfacies and seismic inversion data were established. Property cutoff values were adopted because the sedimentary microfacies and the reservoir properties from well-logging interpretation are intrinsically different. Selection of appropriate reservoir property cutoffs is a key step in reservoir modeling when using simulation methods based on sedimentary microfacies control. When the abnormal data are truncated and the reservoir properties probability distribution fits a normal distribution, microfacies-controlled reservoir property models are more reliable than those obtained from the sequence Gauss simulation method. The cutoffs for effective porosity of the debris channel, fan lobe, and natural levee facies were 0.2, 0.09, and 0.12, respectively; the corresponding average effective porosities were 0.24, 0.13, and 0.15. The proposed modeling method makes full use of seismic attributes and seismic inversion data, and also makes the property data of single-well depositional microfacies more conformable to a normal distribution with geological significance. Thus, the method allows use of more reliable input data when we construct a model of a sandy debris flow.展开更多
The influence of China’s family planning policies on fertility transition is widely acknowledged in research studies.However,little is known about how improve-ments in women’s education have shaped reproductive deci...The influence of China’s family planning policies on fertility transition is widely acknowledged in research studies.However,little is known about how improve-ments in women’s education have shaped reproductive decisions of Chinese women across different family planning regimes,particularly at micro level.This study uses retrospective pooled birth history data from five consecutive population and fam-ily planning surveys collected over the period 1982-2006 to systematically examine the interrelationship between family planning policies and women’s education,and their interactive effect on the second and third birth transitions.We hypothesize that family planning policies had a differential influence on educational groups in reduc-ing the transition to second and third births.The results from discrete time com-plementary log-log survival models provide strong evidence of differential repro-ductive behavior of education groups across time in China,and the simultaneous influence of women’s education and family planning policies in lowering risks to higher parities.The rates of progression to second and third births tend to be lower after the introduction of rigid family planning policies,and more importantly,the policy impact persisted even after adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic factors.The increase in women’s education overall had a depressing effect on transi-tion to higher parities,and family planning policies implemented overtime have had differential effects on women from different educational groups.The findings show that both family planning policies and women’s education have been instrumental in shaping fertility behavior in China.展开更多
The stream and rain data acquisition system presented in this paper makes the mapping of hydro potentials in the region or of the country economically and practically possible. Moreover, it can also serve as a flood w...The stream and rain data acquisition system presented in this paper makes the mapping of hydro potentials in the region or of the country economically and practically possible. Moreover, it can also serve as a flood warning system.展开更多
This paper proposes a useful web-based system for the management and sharing of electron probe micro-analysis( EPMA)data in geology. A new web-based architecture that integrates the management and sharing functions is...This paper proposes a useful web-based system for the management and sharing of electron probe micro-analysis( EPMA)data in geology. A new web-based architecture that integrates the management and sharing functions is developed and implemented.Earth scientists can utilize this system to not only manage their data,but also easily communicate and share it with other researchers.Data query methods provide the core functionality of the proposed management and sharing modules. The modules in this system have been developed using cloud GIS technologies,which help achieve real-time spatial area retrieval on a map. The system has been tested by approximately 263 users at Jilin University and Beijing SHRIMP Center. A survey was conducted among these users to estimate the usability of the primary functions of the system,and the assessment result is summarized and presented.展开更多
Due to limitations in geometric representation and semantic description, the current pedestrian route analysis models are inadequate. To express the geometry of geographic entities in a micro-spatial environment accur...Due to limitations in geometric representation and semantic description, the current pedestrian route analysis models are inadequate. To express the geometry of geographic entities in a micro-spatial environment accurately, the concept of a grid is presented, and grid-based methods for modeling geospatial objects are described. The semantic constitution of a building environment and the methods for modeling rooms, corridors, and staircases with grid objects are described. Based on the topology relationship between grid objects, a grid-based graph for a building environment is presented, and the corresponding route algorithm for pedestrians is proposed. The main advantages of the graph model proposed in this paper are as follows： 1） consideration of both semantic and geometric information, 2） consideration of the need for accurate geometric representation of the micro-spatial environment and the efficiency of pedestrian route analysis, 3） applicability of the graph model to route analysis in both static and dynamic environments, and 4） ability of the multi-hierarchical route analysis to integrate the multiple levels of pedestrian decision characteristics, from the high to the low, to determine the optimal path.展开更多
医药和个人护理用品(PPCPs)已在环境中广泛存在,并对生态系统具有一定的风险。基于CiteSpace可视化软件,对Web of Science数据库中2001~2023年期间8901篇PPCPs相关的文献进行数据驱动的文献计量学研究,包括出版趋势、研究方向分类、国...医药和个人护理用品(PPCPs)已在环境中广泛存在,并对生态系统具有一定的风险。基于CiteSpace可视化软件,对Web of Science数据库中2001~2023年期间8901篇PPCPs相关的文献进行数据驱动的文献计量学研究,包括出版趋势、研究方向分类、国家与机构合作网络、PPCPs关键词共现、突发关键词以及关键词聚类分析的时间轴可视化等,共现关键词分析选取其中11个聚类,其结构良好(Q=0.8088),聚类可信度高(S=0.9107)。分析结果表明,光催化降解和有机骨架材料被较多的关注,这为研究人员后续的研究方向及内容提供参考价值。展开更多
在当前数字化时代,互联网数据中心(internet data center,IDC)(以下简称“数据中心”)作为大型的电力消耗者已经成为电力网络中的重要组成部分。首先采用数据中心余热回收技术建立了数据中心等值热参数模型,并将其融入到微能源网中以实...在当前数字化时代,互联网数据中心(internet data center,IDC)(以下简称“数据中心”)作为大型的电力消耗者已经成为电力网络中的重要组成部分。首先采用数据中心余热回收技术建立了数据中心等值热参数模型,并将其融入到微能源网中以实现冷热电多能互补。其次对数据中心运行过程中所需制冷量与余热之间的复杂关系进行了深入分析,采用溴化锂吸收式制冷机和电制冷机来满足数据中心的冷负荷需求。为了更有效地应对批处理负荷在时间维度上的变化特性,制定了高度灵活的数据负荷分配策略,并建立了双层规划模型。使用场景削减的典型日选择方法以应对源荷不确定性,并引入基于Tent映射的灰狼优化算法(Tent mapping grey wolf optimization algorithm,TMGWO)和CPLEX进行联合求解。最后,通过对某含数据中心的微能源网系统进行仿真分析,数值计算结果表明所提出的方法能够有效提高系统的经济性和环保性。展开更多
基金partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grants no.41272132 and 41572080)the Fundamental Research Funds for central Universities(grant no.2-9-2013-97)the Major State Science and Technology Research Programs(grants no.2008ZX05056-002-02-01 and 2011ZX05010-001-009)
文摘Sandy debris flow deposits are present in Unit I during Miocene of Gas Field A in the Baiyun Depression of the South China Sea. The paucity of well data and the great variability of the sedimentary microfacies make it difficult to identify and predict the distribution patterns of the main gas reservoir, and have seriously hindered further exploration and development of the gas field. Therefore, making full use of the available seismic data is extremely important for predicting the spatial distribution of sedimentary microfacies when constructing three-dimensional reservoir models. A suitable reservoir modeling strategy or workflow controlled by sedimentary microfacies and seismic data has been developed. Five types of seismic attributes were selected to correlate with the sand percentage, and the root mean square （RMS） amplitude performed the best. The relation between the RMS amplitude and the sand percentage was used to construct a reservoir sand distribution map. Three types of main sedimentary microfacies were identified： debris channels, fan lobes, and natural levees. Using constraints from the sedimentary microfacies boundaries, a sedimentary microfacies model was constructed using the sequential indicator and assigned value simulation methods. Finally, reservoir models of physical properties for sandy debris flow deposits controlled by sedimentary microfacies and seismic inversion data were established. Property cutoff values were adopted because the sedimentary microfacies and the reservoir properties from well-logging interpretation are intrinsically different. Selection of appropriate reservoir property cutoffs is a key step in reservoir modeling when using simulation methods based on sedimentary microfacies control. When the abnormal data are truncated and the reservoir properties probability distribution fits a normal distribution, microfacies-controlled reservoir property models are more reliable than those obtained from the sequence Gauss simulation method. The cutoffs for effective porosity of the debris channel, fan lobe, and natural levee facies were 0.2, 0.09, and 0.12, respectively; the corresponding average effective porosities were 0.24, 0.13, and 0.15. The proposed modeling method makes full use of seismic attributes and seismic inversion data, and also makes the property data of single-well depositional microfacies more conformable to a normal distribution with geological significance. Thus, the method allows use of more reliable input data when we construct a model of a sandy debris flow.
基金support for this research was provided by the UK Economic and Social Research Council(Reference:ES/J500161/1).
文摘The influence of China’s family planning policies on fertility transition is widely acknowledged in research studies.However,little is known about how improve-ments in women’s education have shaped reproductive decisions of Chinese women across different family planning regimes,particularly at micro level.This study uses retrospective pooled birth history data from five consecutive population and fam-ily planning surveys collected over the period 1982-2006 to systematically examine the interrelationship between family planning policies and women’s education,and their interactive effect on the second and third birth transitions.We hypothesize that family planning policies had a differential influence on educational groups in reduc-ing the transition to second and third births.The results from discrete time com-plementary log-log survival models provide strong evidence of differential repro-ductive behavior of education groups across time in China,and the simultaneous influence of women’s education and family planning policies in lowering risks to higher parities.The rates of progression to second and third births tend to be lower after the introduction of rigid family planning policies,and more importantly,the policy impact persisted even after adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic factors.The increase in women’s education overall had a depressing effect on transi-tion to higher parities,and family planning policies implemented overtime have had differential effects on women from different educational groups.The findings show that both family planning policies and women’s education have been instrumental in shaping fertility behavior in China.
文摘The stream and rain data acquisition system presented in this paper makes the mapping of hydro potentials in the region or of the country economically and practically possible. Moreover, it can also serve as a flood warning system.
基金National Major Scientific Instruments and Equipment Development Special Funds,China(No.2016YFF0103303)National Science and Technology Support Program,China(No.2014BAK02B03)
文摘This paper proposes a useful web-based system for the management and sharing of electron probe micro-analysis( EPMA)data in geology. A new web-based architecture that integrates the management and sharing functions is developed and implemented.Earth scientists can utilize this system to not only manage their data,but also easily communicate and share it with other researchers.Data query methods provide the core functionality of the proposed management and sharing modules. The modules in this system have been developed using cloud GIS technologies,which help achieve real-time spatial area retrieval on a map. The system has been tested by approximately 263 users at Jilin University and Beijing SHRIMP Center. A survey was conducted among these users to estimate the usability of the primary functions of the system,and the assessment result is summarized and presented.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41571387,41201375 and 41501440)Tianjin Research Program of Application Foundation and Advanced Technology(No.14JCQNJC07900)+1 种基金Tianjin Science and Technology Planning Project(Nos.15ZCZDSF00390 and 14TXGCCX00015)Opening Fund of Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Geospatial Information Technology"Modeling and analysis of path graph in 3D indoor spatial environment"
文摘Due to limitations in geometric representation and semantic description, the current pedestrian route analysis models are inadequate. To express the geometry of geographic entities in a micro-spatial environment accurately, the concept of a grid is presented, and grid-based methods for modeling geospatial objects are described. The semantic constitution of a building environment and the methods for modeling rooms, corridors, and staircases with grid objects are described. Based on the topology relationship between grid objects, a grid-based graph for a building environment is presented, and the corresponding route algorithm for pedestrians is proposed. The main advantages of the graph model proposed in this paper are as follows： 1） consideration of both semantic and geometric information, 2） consideration of the need for accurate geometric representation of the micro-spatial environment and the efficiency of pedestrian route analysis, 3） applicability of the graph model to route analysis in both static and dynamic environments, and 4） ability of the multi-hierarchical route analysis to integrate the multiple levels of pedestrian decision characteristics, from the high to the low, to determine the optimal path.
文摘医药和个人护理用品(PPCPs)已在环境中广泛存在,并对生态系统具有一定的风险。基于CiteSpace可视化软件,对Web of Science数据库中2001~2023年期间8901篇PPCPs相关的文献进行数据驱动的文献计量学研究,包括出版趋势、研究方向分类、国家与机构合作网络、PPCPs关键词共现、突发关键词以及关键词聚类分析的时间轴可视化等,共现关键词分析选取其中11个聚类,其结构良好(Q=0.8088),聚类可信度高(S=0.9107)。分析结果表明,光催化降解和有机骨架材料被较多的关注,这为研究人员后续的研究方向及内容提供参考价值。
文摘在当前数字化时代,互联网数据中心(internet data center,IDC)(以下简称“数据中心”)作为大型的电力消耗者已经成为电力网络中的重要组成部分。首先采用数据中心余热回收技术建立了数据中心等值热参数模型,并将其融入到微能源网中以实现冷热电多能互补。其次对数据中心运行过程中所需制冷量与余热之间的复杂关系进行了深入分析,采用溴化锂吸收式制冷机和电制冷机来满足数据中心的冷负荷需求。为了更有效地应对批处理负荷在时间维度上的变化特性,制定了高度灵活的数据负荷分配策略,并建立了双层规划模型。使用场景削减的典型日选择方法以应对源荷不确定性,并引入基于Tent映射的灰狼优化算法(Tent mapping grey wolf optimization algorithm,TMGWO)和CPLEX进行联合求解。最后,通过对某含数据中心的微能源网系统进行仿真分析,数值计算结果表明所提出的方法能够有效提高系统的经济性和环保性。
