This editorial comments on Yang et al’s article that reported a correlation between dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)quantitative parameters and Ki67/tumor differentiation.The validation of CEUS as a diagnos...This editorial comments on Yang et al’s article that reported a correlation between dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)quantitative parameters and Ki67/tumor differentiation.The validation of CEUS as a diagnostic modality in this study deserves merit.However,it raises interesting points of discussion:(1)Since pancreatic cancer is an overarching term that includes conventional pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC),other subtypes,and neuroendocrine neoplasms(NENs),the inclusion/exclusion criteria require better clarification;(2)Most PDACs are grade 1-2 which contrasts with Yang et al’s study where 46%were grade 3;(3)Ki67 is officially recognized for grading NENs,but not for PDAC;(4)Hotspots are selected for the Ki67 grading of NENs.However,for other tumors(e.g.,breast carcinoma),the average count or hotspots are used;(5)There is no agreement for defining high-grade Ki67 cut-off for non-NENs;reports range from 10%to 50%;and(6)Ki67 reflects cellular proliferation but is not always the most important indicator for biologic aggressiveness.That notwithstanding,since the ratification of Ki67 for prognosis in NENs was based on survival outcomes,the real gold standard should be survival,instead of using Ki67 as a surrogate gold standard.In conclusion,the validation of CEUS parameters for PDAC is a work in progress.CEUS is valuable in assessing PDAC but should be viewed as augmenting other modalities such as computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging,positron emission tomography and endoscopic ultrasound.展开更多
In response to the problem of traditional methods ignoring audio modality tampering, this study aims to explore an effective deep forgery video detection technique that improves detection precision and reliability by ...In response to the problem of traditional methods ignoring audio modality tampering, this study aims to explore an effective deep forgery video detection technique that improves detection precision and reliability by fusing lip images and audio signals. The main method used is lip-audio matching detection technology based on the Siamese neural network, combined with MFCC (Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficient) feature extraction of band-pass filters, an improved dual-branch Siamese network structure, and a two-stream network structure design. Firstly, the video stream is preprocessed to extract lip images, and the audio stream is preprocessed to extract MFCC features. Then, these features are processed separately through the two branches of the Siamese network. Finally, the model is trained and optimized through fully connected layers and loss functions. The experimental results show that the testing accuracy of the model in this study on the LRW (Lip Reading in the Wild) dataset reaches 92.3%;the recall rate is 94.3%;the F1 score is 93.3%, significantly better than the results of CNN (Convolutional Neural Networks) and LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) models. In the validation of multi-resolution image streams, the highest accuracy of dual-resolution image streams reaches 94%. Band-pass filters can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio of deep forgery video detection when processing different types of audio signals. The real-time processing performance of the model is also excellent, and it achieves an average score of up to 5 in user research. These data demonstrate that the method proposed in this study can effectively fuse visual and audio information in deep forgery video detection, accurately identify inconsistencies between video and audio, and thus verify the effectiveness of lip-audio modality fusion technology in improving detection performance.展开更多
Modal parameters can accurately characterize the structural dynamic properties and assess the physical state of the structure.Therefore,it is particularly significant to identify the structural modal parameters accordi...Modal parameters can accurately characterize the structural dynamic properties and assess the physical state of the structure.Therefore,it is particularly significant to identify the structural modal parameters according to the monitoring data information in the structural health monitoring(SHM)system,so as to provide a scientific basis for structural damage identification and dynamic model modification.In view of this,this paper reviews methods for identifying structural modal parameters under environmental excitation and briefly describes how to identify structural damages based on the derived modal parameters.The paper primarily introduces data-driven modal parameter recognition methods(e.g.,time-domain,frequency-domain,and time-frequency-domain methods,etc.),briefly describes damage identification methods based on the variations of modal parameters(e.g.,natural frequency,modal shapes,and curvature modal shapes,etc.)and modal validation methods(e.g.,Stability Diagram and Modal Assurance Criterion,etc.).The current status of the application of artificial intelligence(AI)methods in the direction of modal parameter recognition and damage identification is further discussed.Based on the pre-vious analysis,the main development trends of structural modal parameter recognition and damage identification methods are given to provide scientific references for the optimized design and functional upgrading of SHM systems.展开更多
A 68-years old woman presented with ahistory of recurrent fever of 38-39°ac-companied by chills and weakness over the past month.Her physical examination was unremarkable except for an audible 3/6 ejection murmur...A 68-years old woman presented with ahistory of recurrent fever of 38-39°ac-companied by chills and weakness over the past month.Her physical examination was unremarkable except for an audible 3/6 ejection murmur at the 2nd right intercostal space.Her vital signs were normal with no fever at presentation.Laboratory tests showed elevated white blood count of 11,800cells/mm3 with a remarkable neutrophilia and elevated C-reactive protein of 14 mg/dL.Blood glucose,renal and liver function tests were all normal.展开更多
Objective Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)incorporates traditional diagnostic methods and several major treatment modalities including Chinese herbal medicine,Chinese patent medicine,and non-pharmacological methods s...Objective Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)incorporates traditional diagnostic methods and several major treatment modalities including Chinese herbal medicine,Chinese patent medicine,and non-pharmacological methods such as acupuncture and tuina.Even though TCM is used daily by more than 70,000 healthcare facilities and over 700,000 clinical practitioners in China,there is a poor understanding of the extent to which TCM diagnostic methods are used,how different treatment modalities are deployed in general,and what major factors may affect the integration of TCM and Western medicine.This study aimed to fill this void in the literature.Methods In the 2021 National Healthcare Improvement Evaluation Survey,we included three questions gauging the perception and practices of TCM amongst physicians working in TCM-related facilities,investigating the frequency of their deployment of TCM diagnostic methods,and predominant TCM treatment methods.Our empirical analysis included descriptive statistics,intergroup chi-square analysis,and binary logistic regression to examine the association between different types of facilities and individual characteristics and TCM utilization patterns.Results A total of 7618 clinical physicians comprised our study sample.Among them,84.27%have integrated TCM and Western medicine in their clinical practice,and 80.77%of TCM practitioners used the 4 diagnostic methods as a tool in their clinical practice.Chinese herbal medicine was the most widely utilized modality by Chinese TCM physicians(used by 88.49%of respondents),compared with the Chinese patent medicine and non-pharmacological TCM methods,which were used by 73.14%,and 69.39%,respectively.Herbal tea as an out-of-pocket health-maintenance intervention is also a notable practice,recommended by 29.43%of physicians.Significant variations exist across certain institutions,departments,and individual practitioners.Conclusion Given that most of the surveyed physicians integrated TCM with Western medicine in their clinical practices,the practice of“pure TCM”appears to be obsolete in China’s tertiary healthcare institutions.Notably,remarkable variation exists in the use of different TCM modalities across institutions and among individuals,which might be related to and thus limited by the practitioners’experience.Future research focusing on the efficacy and safety of TCM interventions for specific diseases,the development of standardized clinical guidelines,and the enhancement of TCM education and training are called for to optimize TCM-Western medicine integration.展开更多
In modal logic,topological semantics is an intuitive and natural special case of neighbourhood semantics.This paper stems from the observation that the satisfaction relation of topological semantics applies to subset ...In modal logic,topological semantics is an intuitive and natural special case of neighbourhood semantics.This paper stems from the observation that the satisfaction relation of topological semantics applies to subset spaces which are more general than topological spaces.The minimal modal logic which is strongly sound and complete with respect to the class of subset spaces is found.Soundness and completeness results of some famous modal logics(e.g.S4,S5 and Tr)with respect to various important classes of subset spaces(eg intersection structures and complete fields of sets)are also proved.In the meantime,some known results,e.g.the soundness and completeness of Tr with respect to the class of discrete topological spaces,are proved directly using some modifications of the method of canonical mode1,without a detour via neighbourhood semantics or relational semantics.展开更多
This study examined gender differences in modal choice among residents of coastal communities of Yenagoa metropolis in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The Four-Step model of transportation planning and modal choice provided t...This study examined gender differences in modal choice among residents of coastal communities of Yenagoa metropolis in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The Four-Step model of transportation planning and modal choice provided the theoretical basis for this study. A survey research design involving a stratified sampling technique was adopted. The descriptives on transport modes, amount and time spent revealed that 10 (76.9%) males and 3 (23.1%) females preferred bicycle as means of transportation, 7 (58.3%) males and 5 (41.7%) females preferred motorcycle, while a significant proportion 90 (53.9%) males and 77 (46.1%) females preferred tricycle, 80 (63.0%) males and 47 (37.0%) females preferred cars/taxis, and 12 (46.2%) males and 14 (53.8%) females preferred mass transit bus. However, 14 (46.7%) males and 16 (53.3%) females in marshy terrain and coastal locations preferred canoes and boats. The result of the logistic regression model revealed that gender modal preference is more likely to be influenced by mode of transportation with a beta weight of 1.140, safety considerations 1.139, ownership of transport 1.135 and distance to place of work 1.073. Hence, this study recommends that a combination of these factors should be incorporated into transport planning to achieve effective transport planning and sustainable development in the Yenagoa metropolis.展开更多
Normal mode extraction has attracted extensive attention over the past few decades due to its practical value in enhancing the performance of underwater acoustic signal processing.Singular value decomposition(SVD)is a...Normal mode extraction has attracted extensive attention over the past few decades due to its practical value in enhancing the performance of underwater acoustic signal processing.Singular value decomposition(SVD)is an effective method to extract modal depth functions using vertical line arrays(VLA),particularly in scenarios when no prior environment information is available.However,the SVD method requires rigorous orthogonality conditions,and its performance severely degenerates in the presence of mode degeneracy.Consequently,the SVD approach is often not feasible in practical scenarios.This paper proposes a full rank decomposition(FRD)method to address these issues.Compared to the SVD method,the FRD method has three distinct advantages:1)the conditions that the FRD method requires are much easier to be fulfilled in practical scenarios;2)both modal depth functions and wavenumbers can be simultaneously extracted via the FRD method;3)the FRD method is not affected by the phenomenon of mode degeneracy.Numerical simulations are conducted in two types of waveguides to verify the FRD method.The impacts of environment configurations and noise levels on the precision of the extracted modal depth functions and wavenumbers are also investigated through simulation.展开更多
In the present paper,we give a systematic study of the discrete correspondence the-ory and topological correspondence theory of modal meet-implication logic and moda1 meet-semilattice logic,in the semantics provided i...In the present paper,we give a systematic study of the discrete correspondence the-ory and topological correspondence theory of modal meet-implication logic and moda1 meet-semilattice logic,in the semantics provided in[21].The special features of the present paper include the following three points:the first one is that the semantic structure used is based on a semilattice rather than an ordinary partial order,the second one is that the propositional vari-ables are interpreted as filters rather than upsets,and the nominals,which are the“first-order counterparts of propositional variables,are interpreted as principal filters rather than principal upsets;the third one is that in topological correspondence theory,the collection of admissi-ble valuations is not closed under taking disjunction,which makes the proof of the topological Ackermann 1emma different from existing settings.展开更多
Aging is a persistent topic of interest,with skin aging as its most visible manifestation,characterized by a reduction in intact collagen and elastic fibers in the dermis.Hyaluronic acid,a vital component of the extra...Aging is a persistent topic of interest,with skin aging as its most visible manifestation,characterized by a reduction in intact collagen and elastic fibers in the dermis.Hyaluronic acid,a vital component of the extracellular matrix present in the skin,has become a mainstream method for skin rejuvenation through injections.However,the rapid degradation of pure hyaluronic acid,combined with insufficient maintenance duration and often limited therapeutic effects,presents significant challenges for injectable treatments.Additionally,low patient compliance due to discomfort from needles penetrating the dermal layer further complicates its use.In this review,we summarize and compare existing interventions for skin aging,focusing on strategies to prolong the degradation cycle of hyaluronic acid,including variations in cross-linking modalities and injection techniques.We conclude that the injection of cross-linked modified hyaluronic acid via microneedles represents a promising approach to extend the degradation cycle,offering valuable insights for current therapeutic strategies.展开更多
In recent years,scholars around the world have shown increasing interest in elastic support structures,leading to significant progress in dynamic modeling techniques for pipeline systems.Although multiple analytical a...In recent years,scholars around the world have shown increasing interest in elastic support structures,leading to significant progress in dynamic modeling techniques for pipeline systems.Although multiple analytical approaches exist,engineers increasingly prioritize computationally efficient,precise low-order models for practical implementation.In order to address this need,this study develops an innovative nonlinear dynamic formulation for pipelines accounting for both foundation and boundary nonlinearities.The proposed solution methodology initiates with global mode extraction using the global mode technique,followed by a detailed implementation procedure.Model validation is conducted through a cantilever pipeline case study featuring nonlinear support conditions,where strong agreement between the proposed model's predictions and finiteelement benchmark solutions demonstrates its reliability.Subsequently,a comprehensive parametric study investigates the combined effects of foundation stiffness,boundary constraints,excitation intensity,and nonlinear interaction terms on the vibrational response of the cantilever pipe.This systematic approach yields critical insights for practical engineering designs and applications.展开更多
In this paper,the sentiment classification method of multimodal adversarial autoencoder is studied.This paper includes the introduction of the multimodal adversarial autoencoder emotion classification method and the e...In this paper,the sentiment classification method of multimodal adversarial autoencoder is studied.This paper includes the introduction of the multimodal adversarial autoencoder emotion classification method and the experiment of the emotion classification method based on the encoder.The experimental analysis shows that the encoder has higher precision than other encoders in emotion classification.It is hoped that this analysis can provide some reference for the emotion classification under the current intelligent algorithm mode.展开更多
Rotor blade is one of the most significant components of helicopters. But due to its highspeed rotation characteristics, it is difficult to collect the vibration signals during the flight stage.Moreover, sensors are h...Rotor blade is one of the most significant components of helicopters. But due to its highspeed rotation characteristics, it is difficult to collect the vibration signals during the flight stage.Moreover, sensors are highly susceptible to damage resulting in the failure of the measurement.In order to make signal predictions for the damaged sensors, an operational modal analysis(OMA) together with the virtual sensing(VS) technology is proposed in this paper. This paper discusses two situations, i.e., mode shapes measured by all sensors(both normal and damaged) can be obtained using OMA, and mode shapes measured by some sensors(only including normal) can be obtained using OMA. For the second situation, it is necessary to use finite element(FE) analysis to supplement the missing mode shapes of damaged sensor. In order to improve the correlation between the FE model and the real structure, the FE mode shapes are corrected using the local correspondence(LC) principle and mode shapes measured by some sensors(only including normal).Then, based on the VS technology, the vibration signals of the damaged sensors during the flight stage can be accurately predicted using the identified mode shapes(obtained based on OMA and FE analysis) and the normal sensors signals. Given the high degrees of freedom(DOFs) in the FE mode shapes, this approach can also be used to predict vibration data at locations without sensors. The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method is verified through finite element simulation, experiment as well as the actual flight test. The present work can be further used in the fault diagnosis and damage identification for rotor blade of helicopters.展开更多
This study investigates cavitating swirling flow in a diffuser,i.e.,a simplified model of a Francis turbine draft tube,using proper orthogonal decomposition(POD)and dynamic mode decomposition(DMD)applied to velocity a...This study investigates cavitating swirling flow in a diffuser,i.e.,a simplified model of a Francis turbine draft tube,using proper orthogonal decomposition(POD)and dynamic mode decomposition(DMD)applied to velocity and pressure field data.The interaction between vortex rope precession and cavitation surge under varying swirl and cavitation numbers is analyzed.The modal analysis results depicted the coherent structures correlated to the vortex rope precession near the diffuser inlet and the diffuser outlet,and cavitation surge in the diffuser.The POD analysis accurately revealed the flow features in the diffuser:The conical structure represents the flow diffusion with vortex rope precession and the reverse core indicates the backflow in the diffuser for the averaged flow,and the double helical structure near the diffuser inlet for the representative flow oscillation.The typical coherent structures obtained by the DMD for the cavitating swirling flow in the diffuser are the double helical structure concentrated near the diffuser inlet.The double helical structure also appears near the diffuser outlet where the breakdown of vortex rope occurs and the flow oscillation slows down.Once cavitation occurs,the mode induced by cavitation surge and its corresponding coherent structure may change according to the operating condition.The flow oscillation can be changed from the double helical mode to the axial oscillation caused by cavitation surge named breathing mode if cavitation surge becomes strong enough at a small cavitation number or large swirl number.展开更多
This paper aims at examing how modality values are realized in native and non-native English news reporting and comparing the values they each take.By analyzing,the writer hopes to contribute to the awareness of forei...This paper aims at examing how modality values are realized in native and non-native English news reporting and comparing the values they each take.By analyzing,the writer hopes to contribute to the awareness of foreign language learners in terms of the importance of modality values in news analysis and make readers benefit from their reading,writing.展开更多
Modality is used to express subjective judgment as well as the speaker’s opinions and attitudes.This paper aims to analyze the reporters’orientation reflected by linguistic modal expressions in English news reports ...Modality is used to express subjective judgment as well as the speaker’s opinions and attitudes.This paper aims to analyze the reporters’orientation reflected by linguistic modal expressions in English news reports from the perspective of Systemic-Functional Grammar,especially from the perspective of type,value,orientation and polarity.展开更多
Although the current standard treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombosis(PVTT) is sorafenib, many previous studies have established the need for a reliable local modality for PVTT co...Although the current standard treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombosis(PVTT) is sorafenib, many previous studies have established the need for a reliable local modality for PVTT control, which is a major cause of liver function deterioration and metastasis. Additionally, there is growing evidence for the prognostic significance of PVTT classification according to the location of tumor thrombosis. Favorable outcomes can be obtained by applying local modalities, including surgery or transarterial chemoembolization, especially in second-order or distal branch PVTT. Rapid control of PVTT could maintain or improve liver function and reduce intrahepatic as well as distant metastasis. Radiotherapy(RT) is one of the main locoregional treatment modalities in oncologic fields, but has rarely been used in HCC because of concerns regarding hepatic toxicity. However, with the development of advanced techniques, RT has been increasingly applied in HCC management. Randomized studies have yet to definitively prove the benefit of RT, but several comparative studies have justified the application of RT in HCC. The value of RT is especially noticeable in HCC with PVTT; several prospective and retrospective studies have reported favorable outcomes, including a 40% to 60% objective response rate and median overall survival of 15 mo to 20 mo in responders. In this review, we evaluate the role of RT as an alternative local modality in HCC with PVTT.展开更多
AIM: To compare the therapeutic effect and significances of multimodality treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with tumor thrombi in portal vein (PVTT). METHODS: HCC patients (n=147) with tumor thrombi in the ...AIM: To compare the therapeutic effect and significances of multimodality treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with tumor thrombi in portal vein (PVTT). METHODS: HCC patients (n=147) with tumor thrombi in the main portal vein or the first branch of portal vein were divided into four groups by the several therapeutic methods. There were conservative treatment group in 18 out of patients (group A); and hepatic artery ligation(HAL) and/or hepatic artery infusion (HAI) group in 18 patients (group B), in whom postoperative chemoembolization was done periodically; group of removal of HCC with PVTT in 79 (group C) and group of transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE) or HAI and/or portal vein infusion (PVI) after operation in 32 (group D). RESULTS: The median survival period was 12 months in our series and the 1-,3-, and 5-year survival rates were 44.3%, 24.5% and 15.2%, respectively. The median survival times were 2, 5, 12 and 16 months in group A, B, C and D, respectively. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 5.6%, 0% and 0% in group A; 22.2%, 5.6% and 0% in group B; 53.9%, 26.9% and 16.6% in group C; 79.3%, 38.9% and 26.8% in group D, respectively. Significant difference appeared in the survival rates among the groups (P 【 0.05). CONCLUSION: Hepatic resection with removal of tumor thrombi and HCC should increase the curative effects and be encouraged for the prolongation of life span and quality of life for HCC patients with PVTT, whereas the best therapeutic method for HCC with PVTT is with regional hepatic chemotherapy or chemoembolization after hepatic resection with removal of tumor thrombi.展开更多
There is a problem of unfairness in allocation of radio resources among heterogeneous mobile terminals in heterogeneous wireless networks. Low-capability mobile terminals (such as single-mode terminals) suffer high ca...There is a problem of unfairness in allocation of radio resources among heterogeneous mobile terminals in heterogeneous wireless networks. Low-capability mobile terminals (such as single-mode terminals) suffer high call blocking probability whereas high-capability mobile terminals (such as quad-mode terminals) experience very low call blocking probability, in the same heterogeneous wireless network. This paper proposes a Terminal-Modality-Based Joint Call Admission Control (TJCAC) algorithm to reduce this problem of unfairness. The proposed TJCAC algorithm makes call admission decisions based on mobile terminal modality (capability), network load, and radio access technology (RAT) terminal support index. The objectives of the proposed TJCAC algorithm are to reduce call blocking/dropping probability, and ensure fairness in allocation of radio resources among heterogeneous mobile terminals in heterogeneous networks. An analytical model is developed to evaluate the performance of the proposed TJCAC scheme in terms of call blocking/dropping probability in a heterogeneous wireless network. The performance of the proposed TJCAC algorithm is compared with that of other JCAC algorithms. Results show that the proposed algorithm reduces call blocking/dropping probability in the networks, and ensure fairness in allocation of radio resources among heterogeneous terminals.展开更多
BACKGROUND It was shown in previous studies that high definition endoscopy,high magnification endoscopy and image enhancement technologies,such as chromoendoscopy and digital chromoendoscopy[narrow-band imaging(NBI),i...BACKGROUND It was shown in previous studies that high definition endoscopy,high magnification endoscopy and image enhancement technologies,such as chromoendoscopy and digital chromoendoscopy[narrow-band imaging(NBI),iScan]facilitate the detection and classification of colonic polyps during endoscopic sessions.However,there are no comprehensive studies so far that analyze which endoscopic imaging modalities facilitate the automated classification of colonic polyps.In this work,we investigate the impact of endoscopic imaging modalities on the results of computer-assisted diagnosis systems for colonic polyp staging.AIM To assess which endoscopic imaging modalities are best suited for the computerassisted staging of colonic polyps.METHODS In our experiments,we apply twelve state-of-the-art feature extraction methods for the classification of colonic polyps to five endoscopic image databases of colonic lesions.For this purpose,we employ a specifically designed experimental setup to avoid biases in the outcomes caused by differing numbers of images per image database.The image databases were obtained using different imaging modalities.Two databases were obtained by high-definition endoscopy in combination with i-Scan technology(one with chromoendoscopy and one without chromoendoscopy).Three databases were obtained by highmagnification endoscopy(two databases using narrow band imaging and one using chromoendoscopy).The lesions are categorized into non-neoplastic and neoplastic according to the histological diagnosis.RESULTS Generally,it is feature-dependent which imaging modalities achieve high results and which do not.For the high-definition image databases,we achieved overall classification rates of up to 79.2%with chromoendoscopy and 88.9%without chromoendoscopy.In the case of the database obtained by high-magnification chromoendoscopy,the classification rates were up to 81.4%.For the combination of high-magnification endoscopy with NBI,results of up to 97.4%for one database and up to 84%for the other were achieved.Non-neoplastic lesions were classified more accurately in general than non-neoplastic lesions.It was shown that the image recording conditions highly affect the performance of automated diagnosis systems and partly contribute to a stronger effect on the staging results than the used imaging modality.CONCLUSION Chromoendoscopy has a negative impact on the results of the methods.NBI is better suited than chromoendoscopy.High-definition and high-magnification endoscopy are equally suited.展开更多
文摘This editorial comments on Yang et al’s article that reported a correlation between dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)quantitative parameters and Ki67/tumor differentiation.The validation of CEUS as a diagnostic modality in this study deserves merit.However,it raises interesting points of discussion:(1)Since pancreatic cancer is an overarching term that includes conventional pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC),other subtypes,and neuroendocrine neoplasms(NENs),the inclusion/exclusion criteria require better clarification;(2)Most PDACs are grade 1-2 which contrasts with Yang et al’s study where 46%were grade 3;(3)Ki67 is officially recognized for grading NENs,but not for PDAC;(4)Hotspots are selected for the Ki67 grading of NENs.However,for other tumors(e.g.,breast carcinoma),the average count or hotspots are used;(5)There is no agreement for defining high-grade Ki67 cut-off for non-NENs;reports range from 10%to 50%;and(6)Ki67 reflects cellular proliferation but is not always the most important indicator for biologic aggressiveness.That notwithstanding,since the ratification of Ki67 for prognosis in NENs was based on survival outcomes,the real gold standard should be survival,instead of using Ki67 as a surrogate gold standard.In conclusion,the validation of CEUS parameters for PDAC is a work in progress.CEUS is valuable in assessing PDAC but should be viewed as augmenting other modalities such as computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging,positron emission tomography and endoscopic ultrasound.
文摘In response to the problem of traditional methods ignoring audio modality tampering, this study aims to explore an effective deep forgery video detection technique that improves detection precision and reliability by fusing lip images and audio signals. The main method used is lip-audio matching detection technology based on the Siamese neural network, combined with MFCC (Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficient) feature extraction of band-pass filters, an improved dual-branch Siamese network structure, and a two-stream network structure design. Firstly, the video stream is preprocessed to extract lip images, and the audio stream is preprocessed to extract MFCC features. Then, these features are processed separately through the two branches of the Siamese network. Finally, the model is trained and optimized through fully connected layers and loss functions. The experimental results show that the testing accuracy of the model in this study on the LRW (Lip Reading in the Wild) dataset reaches 92.3%;the recall rate is 94.3%;the F1 score is 93.3%, significantly better than the results of CNN (Convolutional Neural Networks) and LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) models. In the validation of multi-resolution image streams, the highest accuracy of dual-resolution image streams reaches 94%. Band-pass filters can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio of deep forgery video detection when processing different types of audio signals. The real-time processing performance of the model is also excellent, and it achieves an average score of up to 5 in user research. These data demonstrate that the method proposed in this study can effectively fuse visual and audio information in deep forgery video detection, accurately identify inconsistencies between video and audio, and thus verify the effectiveness of lip-audio modality fusion technology in improving detection performance.
基金supported by the Innovation Foundation of Provincial Education Department of Gansu(2024B-005)the Gansu Province National Science Foundation(22YF7GA182)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.lzujbky2022-kb01)。
文摘Modal parameters can accurately characterize the structural dynamic properties and assess the physical state of the structure.Therefore,it is particularly significant to identify the structural modal parameters according to the monitoring data information in the structural health monitoring(SHM)system,so as to provide a scientific basis for structural damage identification and dynamic model modification.In view of this,this paper reviews methods for identifying structural modal parameters under environmental excitation and briefly describes how to identify structural damages based on the derived modal parameters.The paper primarily introduces data-driven modal parameter recognition methods(e.g.,time-domain,frequency-domain,and time-frequency-domain methods,etc.),briefly describes damage identification methods based on the variations of modal parameters(e.g.,natural frequency,modal shapes,and curvature modal shapes,etc.)and modal validation methods(e.g.,Stability Diagram and Modal Assurance Criterion,etc.).The current status of the application of artificial intelligence(AI)methods in the direction of modal parameter recognition and damage identification is further discussed.Based on the pre-vious analysis,the main development trends of structural modal parameter recognition and damage identification methods are given to provide scientific references for the optimized design and functional upgrading of SHM systems.
文摘A 68-years old woman presented with ahistory of recurrent fever of 38-39°ac-companied by chills and weakness over the past month.Her physical examination was unremarkable except for an audible 3/6 ejection murmur at the 2nd right intercostal space.Her vital signs were normal with no fever at presentation.Laboratory tests showed elevated white blood count of 11,800cells/mm3 with a remarkable neutrophilia and elevated C-reactive protein of 14 mg/dL.Blood glucose,renal and liver function tests were all normal.
基金The Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences——A Strategic Study on Healthy China Development and Health System Reform(2021-I2M-1-046).
文摘Objective Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)incorporates traditional diagnostic methods and several major treatment modalities including Chinese herbal medicine,Chinese patent medicine,and non-pharmacological methods such as acupuncture and tuina.Even though TCM is used daily by more than 70,000 healthcare facilities and over 700,000 clinical practitioners in China,there is a poor understanding of the extent to which TCM diagnostic methods are used,how different treatment modalities are deployed in general,and what major factors may affect the integration of TCM and Western medicine.This study aimed to fill this void in the literature.Methods In the 2021 National Healthcare Improvement Evaluation Survey,we included three questions gauging the perception and practices of TCM amongst physicians working in TCM-related facilities,investigating the frequency of their deployment of TCM diagnostic methods,and predominant TCM treatment methods.Our empirical analysis included descriptive statistics,intergroup chi-square analysis,and binary logistic regression to examine the association between different types of facilities and individual characteristics and TCM utilization patterns.Results A total of 7618 clinical physicians comprised our study sample.Among them,84.27%have integrated TCM and Western medicine in their clinical practice,and 80.77%of TCM practitioners used the 4 diagnostic methods as a tool in their clinical practice.Chinese herbal medicine was the most widely utilized modality by Chinese TCM physicians(used by 88.49%of respondents),compared with the Chinese patent medicine and non-pharmacological TCM methods,which were used by 73.14%,and 69.39%,respectively.Herbal tea as an out-of-pocket health-maintenance intervention is also a notable practice,recommended by 29.43%of physicians.Significant variations exist across certain institutions,departments,and individual practitioners.Conclusion Given that most of the surveyed physicians integrated TCM with Western medicine in their clinical practices,the practice of“pure TCM”appears to be obsolete in China’s tertiary healthcare institutions.Notably,remarkable variation exists in the use of different TCM modalities across institutions and among individuals,which might be related to and thus limited by the practitioners’experience.Future research focusing on the efficacy and safety of TCM interventions for specific diseases,the development of standardized clinical guidelines,and the enhancement of TCM education and training are called for to optimize TCM-Western medicine integration.
基金supported by the National Social Science Fund of China(No.20CZX048)。
文摘In modal logic,topological semantics is an intuitive and natural special case of neighbourhood semantics.This paper stems from the observation that the satisfaction relation of topological semantics applies to subset spaces which are more general than topological spaces.The minimal modal logic which is strongly sound and complete with respect to the class of subset spaces is found.Soundness and completeness results of some famous modal logics(e.g.S4,S5 and Tr)with respect to various important classes of subset spaces(eg intersection structures and complete fields of sets)are also proved.In the meantime,some known results,e.g.the soundness and completeness of Tr with respect to the class of discrete topological spaces,are proved directly using some modifications of the method of canonical mode1,without a detour via neighbourhood semantics or relational semantics.
文摘This study examined gender differences in modal choice among residents of coastal communities of Yenagoa metropolis in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The Four-Step model of transportation planning and modal choice provided the theoretical basis for this study. A survey research design involving a stratified sampling technique was adopted. The descriptives on transport modes, amount and time spent revealed that 10 (76.9%) males and 3 (23.1%) females preferred bicycle as means of transportation, 7 (58.3%) males and 5 (41.7%) females preferred motorcycle, while a significant proportion 90 (53.9%) males and 77 (46.1%) females preferred tricycle, 80 (63.0%) males and 47 (37.0%) females preferred cars/taxis, and 12 (46.2%) males and 14 (53.8%) females preferred mass transit bus. However, 14 (46.7%) males and 16 (53.3%) females in marshy terrain and coastal locations preferred canoes and boats. The result of the logistic regression model revealed that gender modal preference is more likely to be influenced by mode of transportation with a beta weight of 1.140, safety considerations 1.139, ownership of transport 1.135 and distance to place of work 1.073. Hence, this study recommends that a combination of these factors should be incorporated into transport planning to achieve effective transport planning and sustainable development in the Yenagoa metropolis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12304504,12304506 and U22 A2012)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2021023)+1 种基金the Strategy Priority Research Program(Category B)of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Nos.XDB0700100 and XDB0700000)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(No.22JCYBJC00070).
文摘Normal mode extraction has attracted extensive attention over the past few decades due to its practical value in enhancing the performance of underwater acoustic signal processing.Singular value decomposition(SVD)is an effective method to extract modal depth functions using vertical line arrays(VLA),particularly in scenarios when no prior environment information is available.However,the SVD method requires rigorous orthogonality conditions,and its performance severely degenerates in the presence of mode degeneracy.Consequently,the SVD approach is often not feasible in practical scenarios.This paper proposes a full rank decomposition(FRD)method to address these issues.Compared to the SVD method,the FRD method has three distinct advantages:1)the conditions that the FRD method requires are much easier to be fulfilled in practical scenarios;2)both modal depth functions and wavenumbers can be simultaneously extracted via the FRD method;3)the FRD method is not affected by the phenomenon of mode degeneracy.Numerical simulations are conducted in two types of waveguides to verify the FRD method.The impacts of environment configurations and noise levels on the precision of the extracted modal depth functions and wavenumbers are also investigated through simulation.
基金supported by the Chinese Ministry of Education of Humanities and Social Science Project(23YJC72040003)the Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education(22JJD720021)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(project number:ZR2023QF021)。
文摘In the present paper,we give a systematic study of the discrete correspondence the-ory and topological correspondence theory of modal meet-implication logic and moda1 meet-semilattice logic,in the semantics provided in[21].The special features of the present paper include the following three points:the first one is that the semantic structure used is based on a semilattice rather than an ordinary partial order,the second one is that the propositional vari-ables are interpreted as filters rather than upsets,and the nominals,which are the“first-order counterparts of propositional variables,are interpreted as principal filters rather than principal upsets;the third one is that in topological correspondence theory,the collection of admissi-ble valuations is not closed under taking disjunction,which makes the proof of the topological Ackermann 1emma different from existing settings.
基金financial support from several corporate sponsors.Contributions were made by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32071332)Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Project(Grant No.JCYJ20210324095802006)+2 种基金Ningbo Bureau of Science and Technology(Grant No.2023Z187)TransEasy Medical Tech.Co.,Ltd.(Grant No.2021114)Shenzhen University MedTech Innovation Fund(2023YG027).
文摘Aging is a persistent topic of interest,with skin aging as its most visible manifestation,characterized by a reduction in intact collagen and elastic fibers in the dermis.Hyaluronic acid,a vital component of the extracellular matrix present in the skin,has become a mainstream method for skin rejuvenation through injections.However,the rapid degradation of pure hyaluronic acid,combined with insufficient maintenance duration and often limited therapeutic effects,presents significant challenges for injectable treatments.Additionally,low patient compliance due to discomfort from needles penetrating the dermal layer further complicates its use.In this review,we summarize and compare existing interventions for skin aging,focusing on strategies to prolong the degradation cycle of hyaluronic acid,including variations in cross-linking modalities and injection techniques.We conclude that the injection of cross-linked modified hyaluronic acid via microneedles represents a promising approach to extend the degradation cycle,offering valuable insights for current therapeutic strategies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52401342 and 12572025)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(Nos.D5000240076 and G2025KY05171)+1 种基金the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province(No.2025JCYBMS-026)the Basic Research Programs of Taicang(No.TC2024JC36)。
文摘In recent years,scholars around the world have shown increasing interest in elastic support structures,leading to significant progress in dynamic modeling techniques for pipeline systems.Although multiple analytical approaches exist,engineers increasingly prioritize computationally efficient,precise low-order models for practical implementation.In order to address this need,this study develops an innovative nonlinear dynamic formulation for pipelines accounting for both foundation and boundary nonlinearities.The proposed solution methodology initiates with global mode extraction using the global mode technique,followed by a detailed implementation procedure.Model validation is conducted through a cantilever pipeline case study featuring nonlinear support conditions,where strong agreement between the proposed model's predictions and finiteelement benchmark solutions demonstrates its reliability.Subsequently,a comprehensive parametric study investigates the combined effects of foundation stiffness,boundary constraints,excitation intensity,and nonlinear interaction terms on the vibrational response of the cantilever pipe.This systematic approach yields critical insights for practical engineering designs and applications.
文摘In this paper,the sentiment classification method of multimodal adversarial autoencoder is studied.This paper includes the introduction of the multimodal adversarial autoencoder emotion classification method and the experiment of the emotion classification method based on the encoder.The experimental analysis shows that the encoder has higher precision than other encoders in emotion classification.It is hoped that this analysis can provide some reference for the emotion classification under the current intelligent algorithm mode.
基金supported by grants from the High-Level Oversea Talent Introduction Plan,Chinathe Special Fund for Basic Scientific Research in Central Universities of China-Doctoral Research and Innovation Fund Project,China(No.3072023CFJ0206).
文摘Rotor blade is one of the most significant components of helicopters. But due to its highspeed rotation characteristics, it is difficult to collect the vibration signals during the flight stage.Moreover, sensors are highly susceptible to damage resulting in the failure of the measurement.In order to make signal predictions for the damaged sensors, an operational modal analysis(OMA) together with the virtual sensing(VS) technology is proposed in this paper. This paper discusses two situations, i.e., mode shapes measured by all sensors(both normal and damaged) can be obtained using OMA, and mode shapes measured by some sensors(only including normal) can be obtained using OMA. For the second situation, it is necessary to use finite element(FE) analysis to supplement the missing mode shapes of damaged sensor. In order to improve the correlation between the FE model and the real structure, the FE mode shapes are corrected using the local correspondence(LC) principle and mode shapes measured by some sensors(only including normal).Then, based on the VS technology, the vibration signals of the damaged sensors during the flight stage can be accurately predicted using the identified mode shapes(obtained based on OMA and FE analysis) and the normal sensors signals. Given the high degrees of freedom(DOFs) in the FE mode shapes, this approach can also be used to predict vibration data at locations without sensors. The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method is verified through finite element simulation, experiment as well as the actual flight test. The present work can be further used in the fault diagnosis and damage identification for rotor blade of helicopters.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52336001)supported by the Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology.
文摘This study investigates cavitating swirling flow in a diffuser,i.e.,a simplified model of a Francis turbine draft tube,using proper orthogonal decomposition(POD)and dynamic mode decomposition(DMD)applied to velocity and pressure field data.The interaction between vortex rope precession and cavitation surge under varying swirl and cavitation numbers is analyzed.The modal analysis results depicted the coherent structures correlated to the vortex rope precession near the diffuser inlet and the diffuser outlet,and cavitation surge in the diffuser.The POD analysis accurately revealed the flow features in the diffuser:The conical structure represents the flow diffusion with vortex rope precession and the reverse core indicates the backflow in the diffuser for the averaged flow,and the double helical structure near the diffuser inlet for the representative flow oscillation.The typical coherent structures obtained by the DMD for the cavitating swirling flow in the diffuser are the double helical structure concentrated near the diffuser inlet.The double helical structure also appears near the diffuser outlet where the breakdown of vortex rope occurs and the flow oscillation slows down.Once cavitation occurs,the mode induced by cavitation surge and its corresponding coherent structure may change according to the operating condition.The flow oscillation can be changed from the double helical mode to the axial oscillation caused by cavitation surge named breathing mode if cavitation surge becomes strong enough at a small cavitation number or large swirl number.
文摘This paper aims at examing how modality values are realized in native and non-native English news reporting and comparing the values they each take.By analyzing,the writer hopes to contribute to the awareness of foreign language learners in terms of the importance of modality values in news analysis and make readers benefit from their reading,writing.
文摘Modality is used to express subjective judgment as well as the speaker’s opinions and attitudes.This paper aims to analyze the reporters’orientation reflected by linguistic modal expressions in English news reports from the perspective of Systemic-Functional Grammar,especially from the perspective of type,value,orientation and polarity.
基金Supported by Samsung Medical Center,No.GF01130081Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education,No.NRF-2015R1D1A1A01060945Marine Biotechnology Program Funded by Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries,Korea,No.20150220
文摘Although the current standard treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombosis(PVTT) is sorafenib, many previous studies have established the need for a reliable local modality for PVTT control, which is a major cause of liver function deterioration and metastasis. Additionally, there is growing evidence for the prognostic significance of PVTT classification according to the location of tumor thrombosis. Favorable outcomes can be obtained by applying local modalities, including surgery or transarterial chemoembolization, especially in second-order or distal branch PVTT. Rapid control of PVTT could maintain or improve liver function and reduce intrahepatic as well as distant metastasis. Radiotherapy(RT) is one of the main locoregional treatment modalities in oncologic fields, but has rarely been used in HCC because of concerns regarding hepatic toxicity. However, with the development of advanced techniques, RT has been increasingly applied in HCC management. Randomized studies have yet to definitively prove the benefit of RT, but several comparative studies have justified the application of RT in HCC. The value of RT is especially noticeable in HCC with PVTT; several prospective and retrospective studies have reported favorable outcomes, including a 40% to 60% objective response rate and median overall survival of 15 mo to 20 mo in responders. In this review, we evaluate the role of RT as an alternative local modality in HCC with PVTT.
基金Surported by the Funds of Hundred Outsdanding Persons project of Shanghai(97BR029)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai(984419067)
文摘AIM: To compare the therapeutic effect and significances of multimodality treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with tumor thrombi in portal vein (PVTT). METHODS: HCC patients (n=147) with tumor thrombi in the main portal vein or the first branch of portal vein were divided into four groups by the several therapeutic methods. There were conservative treatment group in 18 out of patients (group A); and hepatic artery ligation(HAL) and/or hepatic artery infusion (HAI) group in 18 patients (group B), in whom postoperative chemoembolization was done periodically; group of removal of HCC with PVTT in 79 (group C) and group of transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE) or HAI and/or portal vein infusion (PVI) after operation in 32 (group D). RESULTS: The median survival period was 12 months in our series and the 1-,3-, and 5-year survival rates were 44.3%, 24.5% and 15.2%, respectively. The median survival times were 2, 5, 12 and 16 months in group A, B, C and D, respectively. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 5.6%, 0% and 0% in group A; 22.2%, 5.6% and 0% in group B; 53.9%, 26.9% and 16.6% in group C; 79.3%, 38.9% and 26.8% in group D, respectively. Significant difference appeared in the survival rates among the groups (P 【 0.05). CONCLUSION: Hepatic resection with removal of tumor thrombi and HCC should increase the curative effects and be encouraged for the prolongation of life span and quality of life for HCC patients with PVTT, whereas the best therapeutic method for HCC with PVTT is with regional hepatic chemotherapy or chemoembolization after hepatic resection with removal of tumor thrombi.
文摘There is a problem of unfairness in allocation of radio resources among heterogeneous mobile terminals in heterogeneous wireless networks. Low-capability mobile terminals (such as single-mode terminals) suffer high call blocking probability whereas high-capability mobile terminals (such as quad-mode terminals) experience very low call blocking probability, in the same heterogeneous wireless network. This paper proposes a Terminal-Modality-Based Joint Call Admission Control (TJCAC) algorithm to reduce this problem of unfairness. The proposed TJCAC algorithm makes call admission decisions based on mobile terminal modality (capability), network load, and radio access technology (RAT) terminal support index. The objectives of the proposed TJCAC algorithm are to reduce call blocking/dropping probability, and ensure fairness in allocation of radio resources among heterogeneous mobile terminals in heterogeneous networks. An analytical model is developed to evaluate the performance of the proposed TJCAC scheme in terms of call blocking/dropping probability in a heterogeneous wireless network. The performance of the proposed TJCAC algorithm is compared with that of other JCAC algorithms. Results show that the proposed algorithm reduces call blocking/dropping probability in the networks, and ensure fairness in allocation of radio resources among heterogeneous terminals.
文摘BACKGROUND It was shown in previous studies that high definition endoscopy,high magnification endoscopy and image enhancement technologies,such as chromoendoscopy and digital chromoendoscopy[narrow-band imaging(NBI),iScan]facilitate the detection and classification of colonic polyps during endoscopic sessions.However,there are no comprehensive studies so far that analyze which endoscopic imaging modalities facilitate the automated classification of colonic polyps.In this work,we investigate the impact of endoscopic imaging modalities on the results of computer-assisted diagnosis systems for colonic polyp staging.AIM To assess which endoscopic imaging modalities are best suited for the computerassisted staging of colonic polyps.METHODS In our experiments,we apply twelve state-of-the-art feature extraction methods for the classification of colonic polyps to five endoscopic image databases of colonic lesions.For this purpose,we employ a specifically designed experimental setup to avoid biases in the outcomes caused by differing numbers of images per image database.The image databases were obtained using different imaging modalities.Two databases were obtained by high-definition endoscopy in combination with i-Scan technology(one with chromoendoscopy and one without chromoendoscopy).Three databases were obtained by highmagnification endoscopy(two databases using narrow band imaging and one using chromoendoscopy).The lesions are categorized into non-neoplastic and neoplastic according to the histological diagnosis.RESULTS Generally,it is feature-dependent which imaging modalities achieve high results and which do not.For the high-definition image databases,we achieved overall classification rates of up to 79.2%with chromoendoscopy and 88.9%without chromoendoscopy.In the case of the database obtained by high-magnification chromoendoscopy,the classification rates were up to 81.4%.For the combination of high-magnification endoscopy with NBI,results of up to 97.4%for one database and up to 84%for the other were achieved.Non-neoplastic lesions were classified more accurately in general than non-neoplastic lesions.It was shown that the image recording conditions highly affect the performance of automated diagnosis systems and partly contribute to a stronger effect on the staging results than the used imaging modality.CONCLUSION Chromoendoscopy has a negative impact on the results of the methods.NBI is better suited than chromoendoscopy.High-definition and high-magnification endoscopy are equally suited.
