We consider the concept of deformed gauge invariance. The described formalism allows the vector gauge bosons to be massive independently of Higgs mechanism. It also allows the possibility for the variability of gauge ...We consider the concept of deformed gauge invariance. The described formalism allows the vector gauge bosons to be massive independently of Higgs mechanism. It also allows the possibility for the variability of gauge coupling constants in space-time.展开更多
A cell model to describe and optimize heat and mass transfer in contact heat exchangers for utilization of exhaust gases heat is proposed. The model is based on the theory of Markov chains and allows calculating heat ...A cell model to describe and optimize heat and mass transfer in contact heat exchangers for utilization of exhaust gases heat is proposed. The model is based on the theory of Markov chains and allows calculating heat and mass transfer at local moving force of the processes in each cell. The total process is presented as two parallel chains of cells (one for water flow and one for gas flow). The corresponding cells of the chains can exchange heat and mass, and water and gas can travel along their chains according to their transition ma-trices. The results of numerical experiments showed that the most part of heat transfer occurs due to moisture condensation from gas and the most intense heat transfer goes near the inlet of gas. Experimental validation of the model showed a good correlation between calculated and experimental data for an industrial contact heat exchanger if appropriate empirical equations were used to calculate heat and mass transfer coefficient. It was also shown that there exists the optimum height of heat exchanger that gave the maximum gain in heat energy utilization.展开更多
The dot product of bases vectors on the super-surface of constraints of the nonlinear non-holonomic space and Mesherskii equations may act as the equations of fundamental dynamics of mechanical system for the variable...The dot product of bases vectors on the super-surface of constraints of the nonlinear non-holonomic space and Mesherskii equations may act as the equations of fundamental dynamics of mechanical system for the variable mass.These are very simple and convenient for computation.From these known equations,the equations of Chaplygin,Nielson,Appell,Mac-Millan et al.are deriv d;it is unnecessary to introduce the definition if Appell-Chetaev or Niu Qinping for the virtual displacement.These are compatible with the D'Alembert-Lagrange's principle.展开更多
文摘We consider the concept of deformed gauge invariance. The described formalism allows the vector gauge bosons to be massive independently of Higgs mechanism. It also allows the possibility for the variability of gauge coupling constants in space-time.
文摘A cell model to describe and optimize heat and mass transfer in contact heat exchangers for utilization of exhaust gases heat is proposed. The model is based on the theory of Markov chains and allows calculating heat and mass transfer at local moving force of the processes in each cell. The total process is presented as two parallel chains of cells (one for water flow and one for gas flow). The corresponding cells of the chains can exchange heat and mass, and water and gas can travel along their chains according to their transition ma-trices. The results of numerical experiments showed that the most part of heat transfer occurs due to moisture condensation from gas and the most intense heat transfer goes near the inlet of gas. Experimental validation of the model showed a good correlation between calculated and experimental data for an industrial contact heat exchanger if appropriate empirical equations were used to calculate heat and mass transfer coefficient. It was also shown that there exists the optimum height of heat exchanger that gave the maximum gain in heat energy utilization.
文摘The dot product of bases vectors on the super-surface of constraints of the nonlinear non-holonomic space and Mesherskii equations may act as the equations of fundamental dynamics of mechanical system for the variable mass.These are very simple and convenient for computation.From these known equations,the equations of Chaplygin,Nielson,Appell,Mac-Millan et al.are deriv d;it is unnecessary to introduce the definition if Appell-Chetaev or Niu Qinping for the virtual displacement.These are compatible with the D'Alembert-Lagrange's principle.
