Just a few months away from the next ITMAASIA+CITME to be held in Shanghai from June 22 to 26,Italy’s leadership position among textile machinery technology suppliers is highlighted bythe high number of Italian manuf...Just a few months away from the next ITMAASIA+CITME to be held in Shanghai from June 22 to 26,Italy’s leadership position among textile machinery technology suppliers is highlighted bythe high number of Italian manufacturers展开更多
As we know,English writing is an important part of communicative competence.But for many English majors,it is hard to express their thoughts clearly.In order to find out the main problems and corresponding measures,th...As we know,English writing is an important part of communicative competence.But for many English majors,it is hard to express their thoughts clearly.In order to find out the main problems and corresponding measures,the author analyzes many compositions written by English majors.With some academic opinions and the author’s own analysis,some problems existing in students’writing are listed.According to the problems,the author summarizes some influencing factors.Finally,the author gives some relevant solutions.Through analyzing those samples,the author hopes it has some help for English majors’writing.展开更多
Objective: Genetic and neurobiological factors are considered to be the major causes of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, over last few years study results revealed that socio-demographic factors contribute a ...Objective: Genetic and neurobiological factors are considered to be the major causes of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, over last few years study results revealed that socio-demographic factors contribute a significant role in abnormal functional activity and recognized as major causative factors to the pathogenesis and severity of MDD. The aim of this study was to assess the socio-demographic characteristics of Bangladeshi MDD patients and to discover their role on the severity of disease. Material and Methods: A retrospective review of the case notes of psychiatry outpatients at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (B中央人民政府) was carried out between Sep-Nov 2016. A total of 234 MDD patients (aged 18 to 60 years) were randomly recruited. Relevant information was obtained by collection of prescription details from the patients or their relatives by face to face interview. Results: Mean age and body mass index (BMI) were found 34.734 years (SEM ± 0.842) and 22.014 kg/m2 respectively. Among all respondents, 56% (133) were male and 44% (106) were female where mean income was 26.84 KBDT (Kilo Bangladeshi Taka) (SEM ± 0.749). Roughly 46% (111) patients were found to be below secondary level of education. Married people (56%) had a tendency to develop depression compare to unmarried people (36%). Urban residents (64%) are more prone to suffer from depression than rural residents (36%). There was mild depression in 28% (68), moderate in 37% (157), and severe in 14% (34) patients. Correlation analysis shows that age, sex, marital status, education, family income, and area of residence (p-values 0.004, 0.001, 0.000, 0.011, 0.000 and 0.000, respectively) are associated with the severity of disease. Moreover, among all significant correlations age, marital status and area of residence were positively correlated with the severity of MDD (r = 0.184, r = 0.238 and r = 0.256) while sex, education and family income were negatively correlated with the severity of depression (r = ﹣0.207, r = ﹣0.164 and r = ﹣0.722). Conclusion: Current study shows that age, gender, marital status, education, family income, and area of residence are associated with the severity of depression. Age, marital status and residence of MDD patients are positively correlated with the severity of disease while gender, education and family income are negatively correlated with the severity of depression. It is predicted that this study will be helpful for the management and assortment of MDD patients with more accuracy based on their socio-demographic features.展开更多
Factor analysis (FA) is a time-honored multivariate analysis procedure for exploring the factors underlying observed variables. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for the generalized least squares (GLS) estimat...Factor analysis (FA) is a time-honored multivariate analysis procedure for exploring the factors underlying observed variables. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for the generalized least squares (GLS) estimation in FA. In the algorithm, a majorization step and diagonal steps are alternately iterated until convergence is reached, where Kiers and ten Berge’s (1992) majorization technique is used for the former step, and the latter ones are formulated as minimizing simple quadratic functions of diagonal matrices. This procedure is named a majorizing-diagonal (MD) algorithm. In contrast to the existing gradient approaches, differential calculus is not used and only elmentary matrix computations are required in the MD algorithm. A simuation study shows that the proposed MD algorithm recovers parameters better than the existing algorithms.展开更多
Many researches have proven that reading strategies play a vital role in English reading processes and have a crucial influence on reading results. However, at present there are few studies focused on art major studen...Many researches have proven that reading strategies play a vital role in English reading processes and have a crucial influence on reading results. However, at present there are few studies focused on art major students' reading strategy use status quo, especially the researches on art major students in independent college are fewer. This thesis based on the existing reading strategy research, tries to discuss the characteristics of art major students' English reading strategy use and further analyzes the factors that influence the choosing of reading strategies among art major students in Hubei University Zhixing College which is an independent college in Wuhan city Hubei Province.Based on the investigation results and survey results of the interview, this thesis presents some reading strategy teaching strategies for improving English language reading strategy teaching:展开更多
BACKGROUND：The right lobe of the liver is generally preferred for living donor liver transplantation in adult patients with end-stage liver disease.It is important to know the preoperative factors relating to the maj...BACKGROUND：The right lobe of the liver is generally preferred for living donor liver transplantation in adult patients with end-stage liver disease.It is important to know the preoperative factors relating to the major postoperative complications.We therefore evaluated the possible risk factors for predicting postoperative complications in right lobe liver donors.METHODS：Data from 378 donors who had undergone right lobe hepatectomy at our center were evaluated retrospectively. The factors we evaluated induded donor age, gender, body mass index （BMI）, remnant liver volume, operation time, history of previous abdominal surgery, inclusion of the middle hepatic vein and variations in the portal and bile systems. RESUEI＇S： Of the 378 donors, 219 were male and 159 female. None of the donors died, but 124 （32.8%） donors experienced complications including major complications （Clavien scores III and IV） in 27 （7.1%）. Univariate analysis showed that complica- tions were significantly associated with male gender and higher BMI （P〈0.05）, but not with donor age, remnant liver volume, operation time, graft with middle hepatic vein, variations in the portal and bile systems and previous abdominal surgery （P〉0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that major complications were significantly associated with male gender （P=0.005） and higher BMI （P=0.029）. Moreover, the Chi- square test showed that there were significant relationships between major complications and male gender （P=0.010,Z2=6.614, df=l） and BMI 〉25 kg/m2 （P=-0.031, Z2=8.562, df-1）. Of the 96 male donors with BMI 〉25 kg/m2, 14 （14.6%） with major complications had significantly smaller mean remnant liver volume than those （82, 85.4%） without major complications （32.50%± 4.45% vs 34.63%±3.11%, P=0.029）.CONCLUSION： Male donors with BMI 〉25 kg/m2 and a remnant liver volume 〈32.50% had a significantly increased risk for major complications.展开更多
The growth of agricultural labor productivity in major grain producing areas arises from the increase in production factors or improvement of efficiency,and is related to the sustainability of agricultural economic gr...The growth of agricultural labor productivity in major grain producing areas arises from the increase in production factors or improvement of efficiency,and is related to the sustainability of agricultural economic growth and national food security. We study the growth path of agricultural labor productivity in 13 major grain producing areas of China,and the analysis results show that from the relative endowments of land and labor in major grain producing areas,the growth rate of the output value per unit of labor is higher than that of the productivity per unit of land; in essence,this growth path of increasing the output value relying on increasing the production factor inputs is the reduction of labor,and the reduction of agricultural labor has a great elasticity of impact on the total value of agricultural production. In the case of stable future number of agricultural labor in China,the growth of agricultural labor productivity will be impossible to rely more on the increase in agricultural production factor inputs,and the growth path of agricultural economy still has to rely on the improvement of land productivity and take the efficiency-based path.展开更多
AIM To investigate the incidence and the determinants of cardiovascular morbidity in Greek renal transplant recipients(RTRs) expressed as major advance cardiac event(MACE) rate. METHODS Two hundred and forty-two adult...AIM To investigate the incidence and the determinants of cardiovascular morbidity in Greek renal transplant recipients(RTRs) expressed as major advance cardiac event(MACE) rate. METHODS Two hundred and forty-two adult patients with a functioning graft for at least three months and availabledata that were followed up on the August 31, 2015 at two transplant centers of Western Greece were included in this study. Baseline recipients' data elements included demographics, clinical characteristics, history of comorbid conditions and laboratory parameters. Follow-up data regarding MACE occurrence were collected retrospectively from the patients' records and MACE risk score was calculated for each patient. RESULTS The mean age was 53 years(63.6% males) and 47 patients(19.4%) had a pre-existing cardiovascular disease(CVD) before transplantation. The mean estimated glomerular filtration rate was 52 ± 17 mL /min per 1.73 m2. During follow-up 36 patients(14.9%) suffered a MACE with a median time to MACE 5 years(interquartile range: 2.2-10 years). Recipients with a MACE compared to recipients without a MACE had a significantly higher mean age(59 years vs 52 years, P < 0.001) and a higher prevalence of pre-existing CVD(44.4% vs 15%, P < 0.001). The 7-year predicted mean risk for MACE was 14.6% ± 12.5% overall. In RTRs who experienced a MACE, the predicted risk was 22.3% ± 17.1% and was significantly higher than in RTRs without an event 13.3% ± 11.1%(P = 0.003). The discrimination ability of the model in the Greek database of RTRs was good with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.68(95%CI: 0.58-0.78).CONCLUSION In this Greek cohort of RTRs, MACE occurred in 14.9% of the patients, pre-existing CVD was the main risk factor, while MACE risk model was proved a dependable utility in predicting CVD post RT.展开更多
Using the data of 11 climatic factors on 40 counties in the main producing areas of walnut of Yunnan Province,we analyze the impact of various climatic factors on the distribution of Yunnan walnut.The results show tha...Using the data of 11 climatic factors on 40 counties in the main producing areas of walnut of Yunnan Province,we analyze the impact of various climatic factors on the distribution of Yunnan walnut.The results show that Yunnan walnut has a great expectation on temperature and moisture.Temperature,including average temperature in January,average temperature in July,the average annual temperature and accumulated temperature≥10℃,has the greatest impact on the distribution of Yunnan walnut,and is the primary dominant factor;moisture,including annual rainfall and average relative humidity,has a great impact on the distribution of Yunnan walnut,and is the secondary dominant factor.展开更多
Demotivation can be defined as"specific external forces that reduce or diminish the motivational basis of a behavioral intention or an ongoing action".The purpose of the present study is to identify what fac...Demotivation can be defined as"specific external forces that reduce or diminish the motivational basis of a behavioral intention or an ongoing action".The purpose of the present study is to identify what factors demotivated non-English majors in a southeast university in China.Questionnaire and semi-interview were developed to collect data.82 Participants responded to the questionnaire,three of whom shared their perception and experience of English learning in the interview.Consequently,this study identified four salient demotivating factors which made non-English majors less enthusiastic about English learning:(1)unhappy and unsuccessful experience of English learning in the elementary and high school;(2)low language proficiency;(3)difficulties of language learning contents at university and(4)utilitarian ideas.It is hoped that administration and English teachers will match the course,teaching content and course book with students’need,interest and proficiency.展开更多
The major and trace elements in 110 surface sediment samples collected from the middle of the Bay of Bengal（mid-Bay of Bengal） are analyzed to investigate provenance. Si levels are highest, followed by Al, and the d...The major and trace elements in 110 surface sediment samples collected from the middle of the Bay of Bengal（mid-Bay of Bengal） are analyzed to investigate provenance. Si levels are highest, followed by Al, and the distributions of these two elements are identical. The average CIA＊（chemical index of alteration） value is 72.07,indicating that the degree of weathering of the sediments in the study area is intermediate between those of sediments of the Himalayan and Indian rivers. Factor analyses and discrimination function analyses imply that the two main provenances are the Himalayan and the Indian continent. The inverse model calculation of the Tinormalized element ratios of the Bay of Bengal sediments indicate an estimated average contribution of 83.5%and 16.5% from the Himalayan and peninsular Indian rivers to the study area, respectively. The Himalayan source contributes more sediment to the eastern part of the study area, whereas the western part receives more sediment from the Indian Peninsula than did the eastern part. The primary mechanisms for deposition of sediments in the study area are the transport of Himalayan matter by turbidity currents and river-diluted water and the transport of Indian matter to the study area by a surface circulation in the Bay of Bengal, particularly the East India Coastal Current.展开更多
Environmental stress is used as an indicator of the overall pressure on regional environmental systems caused by the output of various pollutants as a result of human activities. Based on the pollutant emissions and s...Environmental stress is used as an indicator of the overall pressure on regional environmental systems caused by the output of various pollutants as a result of human activities. Based on the pollutant emissions and socioeconomic databases of the counties in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, this paper comprehensively calculates the environmental stress index(ESI) for the urban agglomeration using the entropy weight method(EWM) at the county scale and analyzes the spatiotemporal patterns and the differences among the four types of major functional zones(MFZ) for the period 2012–2016. In addition, the socioeconomic driving forces of environmental stress are quantitatively estimated using the geographically weighted regression(GWR) method based on the STIRPAT model framework. The results show that:(1) The level of environmental stress in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region was significantly alleviated during that time period, with a decrease in ESI of 54.68% by 2016. This decrease was most significant in Beijing, Tangshan, Tianjin, Shijiazhuang, and other central urban areas, as well as the Binhai New Area. The level of environmental stress in counties decreased gradually from the central urban areas to the suburban areas, and the high-level stress counties were eliminated by 2016.(2) The spatial spillover effect of environmental stress increased further at the county scale from 2012 to 2016, and spatial locking and path dependence emerged in the cities of Tangshan and Tianjin.(3) Urbanized zones(development-optimized and development-prioritized zones) were the major areas bearing environmental pollution in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region in that time period. The ESI accounted for 65.98% of the whole region, where there was a need to focus on the prevention and control of environmental pollution.(4) The driving factors of environmental stress at the county scale included population size and the level of economic development. In addition, the technical capacity of environmental waste disposal, the intensity of agricultural production input, the intensity of territorial development, and the level of urbanization also had a certain degree of influence.(5) There was spatial heterogeneity in the effects of the various driving factors on the level of environmental stress. Thus, it was necessary to adopt differentiated environmental governance and reduction countermeasures in respect of emission sources, according to the intensity and spatiotemporal differences in the driving forces in order to improve the accuracy and adaptability of environmental collaborative control in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region.展开更多
Industrial real estate plays an increasingly important role in urban economic development and industrial restructuring.In the process of the development of industrial real estate,both the major investors of industrial...Industrial real estate plays an increasingly important role in urban economic development and industrial restructuring.In the process of the development of industrial real estate,both the major investors of industrial real estate and the value growth patterns of industrial real estate have changed.The increase in the value of industrial real estate has contributed to the promotion of urban economic upgrading,social development,and industrial restructuring.In this paper,the investment model of industrial real estate from a single government investment to a diversified model was analyzed,and the value growth patterns of industrial real estate under these two models were elaborated.It is concluded that value growth patterns under the diversification model are more diverse.This paper divided the driving factors of diversified industrial real estate value growth into two types:source factors and secondary factors,used the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) to quantify the driving factors,reached the conclusion that four factors including the industrial real estate market size and the level of independent technology of the enterprise had a major impact on the value growth of industrial real estate,and put forward suggestions for the rapid development of industrial real estate.展开更多
文摘Just a few months away from the next ITMAASIA+CITME to be held in Shanghai from June 22 to 26,Italy’s leadership position among textile machinery technology suppliers is highlighted bythe high number of Italian manufacturers
文摘As we know,English writing is an important part of communicative competence.But for many English majors,it is hard to express their thoughts clearly.In order to find out the main problems and corresponding measures,the author analyzes many compositions written by English majors.With some academic opinions and the author’s own analysis,some problems existing in students’writing are listed.According to the problems,the author summarizes some influencing factors.Finally,the author gives some relevant solutions.Through analyzing those samples,the author hopes it has some help for English majors’writing.
文摘Objective: Genetic and neurobiological factors are considered to be the major causes of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, over last few years study results revealed that socio-demographic factors contribute a significant role in abnormal functional activity and recognized as major causative factors to the pathogenesis and severity of MDD. The aim of this study was to assess the socio-demographic characteristics of Bangladeshi MDD patients and to discover their role on the severity of disease. Material and Methods: A retrospective review of the case notes of psychiatry outpatients at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (B中央人民政府) was carried out between Sep-Nov 2016. A total of 234 MDD patients (aged 18 to 60 years) were randomly recruited. Relevant information was obtained by collection of prescription details from the patients or their relatives by face to face interview. Results: Mean age and body mass index (BMI) were found 34.734 years (SEM ± 0.842) and 22.014 kg/m2 respectively. Among all respondents, 56% (133) were male and 44% (106) were female where mean income was 26.84 KBDT (Kilo Bangladeshi Taka) (SEM ± 0.749). Roughly 46% (111) patients were found to be below secondary level of education. Married people (56%) had a tendency to develop depression compare to unmarried people (36%). Urban residents (64%) are more prone to suffer from depression than rural residents (36%). There was mild depression in 28% (68), moderate in 37% (157), and severe in 14% (34) patients. Correlation analysis shows that age, sex, marital status, education, family income, and area of residence (p-values 0.004, 0.001, 0.000, 0.011, 0.000 and 0.000, respectively) are associated with the severity of disease. Moreover, among all significant correlations age, marital status and area of residence were positively correlated with the severity of MDD (r = 0.184, r = 0.238 and r = 0.256) while sex, education and family income were negatively correlated with the severity of depression (r = ﹣0.207, r = ﹣0.164 and r = ﹣0.722). Conclusion: Current study shows that age, gender, marital status, education, family income, and area of residence are associated with the severity of depression. Age, marital status and residence of MDD patients are positively correlated with the severity of disease while gender, education and family income are negatively correlated with the severity of depression. It is predicted that this study will be helpful for the management and assortment of MDD patients with more accuracy based on their socio-demographic features.
文摘Factor analysis (FA) is a time-honored multivariate analysis procedure for exploring the factors underlying observed variables. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for the generalized least squares (GLS) estimation in FA. In the algorithm, a majorization step and diagonal steps are alternately iterated until convergence is reached, where Kiers and ten Berge’s (1992) majorization technique is used for the former step, and the latter ones are formulated as minimizing simple quadratic functions of diagonal matrices. This procedure is named a majorizing-diagonal (MD) algorithm. In contrast to the existing gradient approaches, differential calculus is not used and only elmentary matrix computations are required in the MD algorithm. A simuation study shows that the proposed MD algorithm recovers parameters better than the existing algorithms.
文摘Many researches have proven that reading strategies play a vital role in English reading processes and have a crucial influence on reading results. However, at present there are few studies focused on art major students' reading strategy use status quo, especially the researches on art major students in independent college are fewer. This thesis based on the existing reading strategy research, tries to discuss the characteristics of art major students' English reading strategy use and further analyzes the factors that influence the choosing of reading strategies among art major students in Hubei University Zhixing College which is an independent college in Wuhan city Hubei Province.Based on the investigation results and survey results of the interview, this thesis presents some reading strategy teaching strategies for improving English language reading strategy teaching:
文摘BACKGROUND：The right lobe of the liver is generally preferred for living donor liver transplantation in adult patients with end-stage liver disease.It is important to know the preoperative factors relating to the major postoperative complications.We therefore evaluated the possible risk factors for predicting postoperative complications in right lobe liver donors.METHODS：Data from 378 donors who had undergone right lobe hepatectomy at our center were evaluated retrospectively. The factors we evaluated induded donor age, gender, body mass index （BMI）, remnant liver volume, operation time, history of previous abdominal surgery, inclusion of the middle hepatic vein and variations in the portal and bile systems. RESUEI＇S： Of the 378 donors, 219 were male and 159 female. None of the donors died, but 124 （32.8%） donors experienced complications including major complications （Clavien scores III and IV） in 27 （7.1%）. Univariate analysis showed that complica- tions were significantly associated with male gender and higher BMI （P〈0.05）, but not with donor age, remnant liver volume, operation time, graft with middle hepatic vein, variations in the portal and bile systems and previous abdominal surgery （P〉0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that major complications were significantly associated with male gender （P=0.005） and higher BMI （P=0.029）. Moreover, the Chi- square test showed that there were significant relationships between major complications and male gender （P=0.010,Z2=6.614, df=l） and BMI 〉25 kg/m2 （P=-0.031, Z2=8.562, df-1）. Of the 96 male donors with BMI 〉25 kg/m2, 14 （14.6%） with major complications had significantly smaller mean remnant liver volume than those （82, 85.4%） without major complications （32.50%± 4.45% vs 34.63%±3.11%, P=0.029）.CONCLUSION： Male donors with BMI 〉25 kg/m2 and a remnant liver volume 〈32.50% had a significantly increased risk for major complications.
基金Supported by Humanity and Social Science Youth Foundation of Ministry of Education of China in 2014
文摘The growth of agricultural labor productivity in major grain producing areas arises from the increase in production factors or improvement of efficiency,and is related to the sustainability of agricultural economic growth and national food security. We study the growth path of agricultural labor productivity in 13 major grain producing areas of China,and the analysis results show that from the relative endowments of land and labor in major grain producing areas,the growth rate of the output value per unit of labor is higher than that of the productivity per unit of land; in essence,this growth path of increasing the output value relying on increasing the production factor inputs is the reduction of labor,and the reduction of agricultural labor has a great elasticity of impact on the total value of agricultural production. In the case of stable future number of agricultural labor in China,the growth of agricultural labor productivity will be impossible to rely more on the increase in agricultural production factor inputs,and the growth path of agricultural economy still has to rely on the improvement of land productivity and take the efficiency-based path.
文摘AIM To investigate the incidence and the determinants of cardiovascular morbidity in Greek renal transplant recipients(RTRs) expressed as major advance cardiac event(MACE) rate. METHODS Two hundred and forty-two adult patients with a functioning graft for at least three months and availabledata that were followed up on the August 31, 2015 at two transplant centers of Western Greece were included in this study. Baseline recipients' data elements included demographics, clinical characteristics, history of comorbid conditions and laboratory parameters. Follow-up data regarding MACE occurrence were collected retrospectively from the patients' records and MACE risk score was calculated for each patient. RESULTS The mean age was 53 years(63.6% males) and 47 patients(19.4%) had a pre-existing cardiovascular disease(CVD) before transplantation. The mean estimated glomerular filtration rate was 52 ± 17 mL /min per 1.73 m2. During follow-up 36 patients(14.9%) suffered a MACE with a median time to MACE 5 years(interquartile range: 2.2-10 years). Recipients with a MACE compared to recipients without a MACE had a significantly higher mean age(59 years vs 52 years, P < 0.001) and a higher prevalence of pre-existing CVD(44.4% vs 15%, P < 0.001). The 7-year predicted mean risk for MACE was 14.6% ± 12.5% overall. In RTRs who experienced a MACE, the predicted risk was 22.3% ± 17.1% and was significantly higher than in RTRs without an event 13.3% ± 11.1%(P = 0.003). The discrimination ability of the model in the Greek database of RTRs was good with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.68(95%CI: 0.58-0.78).CONCLUSION In this Greek cohort of RTRs, MACE occurred in 14.9% of the patients, pre-existing CVD was the main risk factor, while MACE risk model was proved a dependable utility in predicting CVD post RT.
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Support Program(2011BAD46B01-1)Yunnan Applied Basic Research Project(2012FD080)
文摘Using the data of 11 climatic factors on 40 counties in the main producing areas of walnut of Yunnan Province,we analyze the impact of various climatic factors on the distribution of Yunnan walnut.The results show that Yunnan walnut has a great expectation on temperature and moisture.Temperature,including average temperature in January,average temperature in July,the average annual temperature and accumulated temperature≥10℃,has the greatest impact on the distribution of Yunnan walnut,and is the primary dominant factor;moisture,including annual rainfall and average relative humidity,has a great impact on the distribution of Yunnan walnut,and is the secondary dominant factor.
文摘Demotivation can be defined as"specific external forces that reduce or diminish the motivational basis of a behavioral intention or an ongoing action".The purpose of the present study is to identify what factors demotivated non-English majors in a southeast university in China.Questionnaire and semi-interview were developed to collect data.82 Participants responded to the questionnaire,three of whom shared their perception and experience of English learning in the interview.Consequently,this study identified four salient demotivating factors which made non-English majors less enthusiastic about English learning:(1)unhappy and unsuccessful experience of English learning in the elementary and high school;(2)low language proficiency;(3)difficulties of language learning contents at university and(4)utilitarian ideas.It is hoped that administration and English teachers will match the course,teaching content and course book with students’need,interest and proficiency.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.U1606401the National Program on Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction of China under contract Nos GASI-02-IND-CJ02,GASI-GEOGE-03 and GASI-GEOGE-06-03
文摘The major and trace elements in 110 surface sediment samples collected from the middle of the Bay of Bengal（mid-Bay of Bengal） are analyzed to investigate provenance. Si levels are highest, followed by Al, and the distributions of these two elements are identical. The average CIA＊（chemical index of alteration） value is 72.07,indicating that the degree of weathering of the sediments in the study area is intermediate between those of sediments of the Himalayan and Indian rivers. Factor analyses and discrimination function analyses imply that the two main provenances are the Himalayan and the Indian continent. The inverse model calculation of the Tinormalized element ratios of the Bay of Bengal sediments indicate an estimated average contribution of 83.5%and 16.5% from the Himalayan and peninsular Indian rivers to the study area, respectively. The Himalayan source contributes more sediment to the eastern part of the study area, whereas the western part receives more sediment from the Indian Peninsula than did the eastern part. The primary mechanisms for deposition of sediments in the study area are the transport of Himalayan matter by turbidity currents and river-diluted water and the transport of Indian matter to the study area by a surface circulation in the Bay of Bengal, particularly the East India Coastal Current.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41971164, No.42071148Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Grant No.XDA23020101。
文摘Environmental stress is used as an indicator of the overall pressure on regional environmental systems caused by the output of various pollutants as a result of human activities. Based on the pollutant emissions and socioeconomic databases of the counties in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, this paper comprehensively calculates the environmental stress index(ESI) for the urban agglomeration using the entropy weight method(EWM) at the county scale and analyzes the spatiotemporal patterns and the differences among the four types of major functional zones(MFZ) for the period 2012–2016. In addition, the socioeconomic driving forces of environmental stress are quantitatively estimated using the geographically weighted regression(GWR) method based on the STIRPAT model framework. The results show that:(1) The level of environmental stress in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region was significantly alleviated during that time period, with a decrease in ESI of 54.68% by 2016. This decrease was most significant in Beijing, Tangshan, Tianjin, Shijiazhuang, and other central urban areas, as well as the Binhai New Area. The level of environmental stress in counties decreased gradually from the central urban areas to the suburban areas, and the high-level stress counties were eliminated by 2016.(2) The spatial spillover effect of environmental stress increased further at the county scale from 2012 to 2016, and spatial locking and path dependence emerged in the cities of Tangshan and Tianjin.(3) Urbanized zones(development-optimized and development-prioritized zones) were the major areas bearing environmental pollution in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region in that time period. The ESI accounted for 65.98% of the whole region, where there was a need to focus on the prevention and control of environmental pollution.(4) The driving factors of environmental stress at the county scale included population size and the level of economic development. In addition, the technical capacity of environmental waste disposal, the intensity of agricultural production input, the intensity of territorial development, and the level of urbanization also had a certain degree of influence.(5) There was spatial heterogeneity in the effects of the various driving factors on the level of environmental stress. Thus, it was necessary to adopt differentiated environmental governance and reduction countermeasures in respect of emission sources, according to the intensity and spatiotemporal differences in the driving forces in order to improve the accuracy and adaptability of environmental collaborative control in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region.
基金Sponsored by General Project of Humanities and Social Science in Colleges and Universities in Jiangxi Province(GL1458)National Natural Science Fund of China(51568025)
文摘Industrial real estate plays an increasingly important role in urban economic development and industrial restructuring.In the process of the development of industrial real estate,both the major investors of industrial real estate and the value growth patterns of industrial real estate have changed.The increase in the value of industrial real estate has contributed to the promotion of urban economic upgrading,social development,and industrial restructuring.In this paper,the investment model of industrial real estate from a single government investment to a diversified model was analyzed,and the value growth patterns of industrial real estate under these two models were elaborated.It is concluded that value growth patterns under the diversification model are more diverse.This paper divided the driving factors of diversified industrial real estate value growth into two types:source factors and secondary factors,used the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) to quantify the driving factors,reached the conclusion that four factors including the industrial real estate market size and the level of independent technology of the enterprise had a major impact on the value growth of industrial real estate,and put forward suggestions for the rapid development of industrial real estate.
