Neuron glia antigen-2(NG2)glia,also known as oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs),are essential for maintaining the normal function and structure of the central nervous system(CNS)due to their supportive role[1].Unde...Neuron glia antigen-2(NG2)glia,also known as oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs),are essential for maintaining the normal function and structure of the central nervous system(CNS)due to their supportive role[1].Under physiological conditions,NG2 glia are involved in myelination by differentiating into oligodendrocytes,which are responsible for forming the myelin sheath around axons[2].In addition,the NG2 glia can directly influence the activity of neuronal circuits by receiving synaptic input from neurons and generating action potentials[3].Under pathological conditions,such as in response to injury or disease,the NG2 glia proliferate and differentiate to replace damaged oligodendrocytes,contributing to the repair and regeneration of myelin[4].展开更多
We find that a conserved mutation residue Glu to residue Asp （E303D）, which both have the same polar and charged properties, makes Kit2.1 protein lose its function. To understand the mechanism, we identify three int...We find that a conserved mutation residue Glu to residue Asp （E303D）, which both have the same polar and charged properties, makes Kit2.1 protein lose its function. To understand the mechanism, we identify three interactions which control the conformation change and maintain the function of the Kit2.1 protein by combining homology modeling and molecular dynamics with targeted molecular dynamics. We find that the E303D mutation weakens these interactions and results in the loss of the related function. Our data indicate that not only the amino residues but also the interactions determine the function of proteins.展开更多
The structural and functional connectomes interact and depend on each other to jointly maintain the functioning of the brain and further support cognitive processing.Elucidating the complex interplay between the struc...The structural and functional connectomes interact and depend on each other to jointly maintain the functioning of the brain and further support cognitive processing.Elucidating the complex interplay between the structural connectome(SC)and functional connectome(FC)is one of the central challenges in network neuroscience.While previous studies have consistently reported SC-FC coupling or SC constraints on FC[1],[2],[3],they typically analyzed these networks in isolation.展开更多
Blood flow is essential for maintaining normal physiological functions of the human body.Endoscopic laser speckle contrast imaging(LSCI)can achieve rapid,high-resolution,label-free,and long-term blood flow perfusion v...Blood flow is essential for maintaining normal physiological functions of the human body.Endoscopic laser speckle contrast imaging(LSCI)can achieve rapid,high-resolution,label-free,and long-term blood flow perfusion velocity monitoring in minimally invasive surgery.However,conventional endoscopic LSCI uses a lowcoherence laser illumination scheme,leading to restricted angles of illumination,compromised laser coherence,uneven laser illumination distribution,and low coupling efficiency,all of which degrade the quality of LSCI in the endoscope.In this paper,we propose that conical fiber(CF)-coupled high-coherence laser can be used to achieve large-angle,high-coherence,high-uniformity,and high coupling efficiency laser illumination in the endoscope.Additionally,we establish an effective model for calculating the divergence angle of CFs.Through phantom and animal experiments,we reveal that laser illumination based on CF markedly enhances endoscopic LSCI performance.This technology broadens the imaging field of view,enhances the signal-to-noise ratio,enables more sensitive detection of minute blood flow changes,expands the detectable flow range,and improves signal-to-background ratio of endoscopic LSCI.Our findings suggest that CF-based laser illumination stands as a highly promising advancement in endoscopic LSCI.展开更多
To the Editor:Intensive care unit-acquired weakness(ICU-AW)is a serious complication in critically ill patients,associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation(MV),extended ICU stays,increased hospitalization costs,a...To the Editor:Intensive care unit-acquired weakness(ICU-AW)is a serious complication in critically ill patients,associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation(MV),extended ICU stays,increased hospitalization costs,and higher mortality rates.Current research suggests that protein may be the most crucial substrate for maintaining muscle mass and physical function in critically ill patients and improving clinical outcomes.[1]展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32300959)a Guangzhou Scientific Research Grant(SL2024A04J00578)the SCNU Young Faculty Development Program(22KJ04).
文摘Neuron glia antigen-2(NG2)glia,also known as oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs),are essential for maintaining the normal function and structure of the central nervous system(CNS)due to their supportive role[1].Under physiological conditions,NG2 glia are involved in myelination by differentiating into oligodendrocytes,which are responsible for forming the myelin sheath around axons[2].In addition,the NG2 glia can directly influence the activity of neuronal circuits by receiving synaptic input from neurons and generating action potentials[3].Under pathological conditions,such as in response to injury or disease,the NG2 glia proliferate and differentiate to replace damaged oligodendrocytes,contributing to the repair and regeneration of myelin[4].
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11247010,11175055,11475053 and 11347017the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province under Grant Nos C2012202079 and C201400305
文摘We find that a conserved mutation residue Glu to residue Asp （E303D）, which both have the same polar and charged properties, makes Kit2.1 protein lose its function. To understand the mechanism, we identify three interactions which control the conformation change and maintain the function of the Kit2.1 protein by combining homology modeling and molecular dynamics with targeted molecular dynamics. We find that the E303D mutation weakens these interactions and results in the loss of the related function. Our data indicate that not only the amino residues but also the interactions determine the function of proteins.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82021004,82327807,and T24B2012)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(JQ23033)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2233100018 and 2233300002).
文摘The structural and functional connectomes interact and depend on each other to jointly maintain the functioning of the brain and further support cognitive processing.Elucidating the complex interplay between the structural connectome(SC)and functional connectome(FC)is one of the central challenges in network neuroscience.While previous studies have consistently reported SC-FC coupling or SC constraints on FC[1],[2],[3],they typically analyzed these networks in isolation.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC2400102)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62275095,82261138559,62305125,61890951,61890950)+2 种基金Hainan University Research Startup Fund(KYQD(ZR)20072,KYQD(ZR)22074)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Initiative for Innovative Medicine(2019-I2M-5-014)Innovation Fund of WNLO。
文摘Blood flow is essential for maintaining normal physiological functions of the human body.Endoscopic laser speckle contrast imaging(LSCI)can achieve rapid,high-resolution,label-free,and long-term blood flow perfusion velocity monitoring in minimally invasive surgery.However,conventional endoscopic LSCI uses a lowcoherence laser illumination scheme,leading to restricted angles of illumination,compromised laser coherence,uneven laser illumination distribution,and low coupling efficiency,all of which degrade the quality of LSCI in the endoscope.In this paper,we propose that conical fiber(CF)-coupled high-coherence laser can be used to achieve large-angle,high-coherence,high-uniformity,and high coupling efficiency laser illumination in the endoscope.Additionally,we establish an effective model for calculating the divergence angle of CFs.Through phantom and animal experiments,we reveal that laser illumination based on CF markedly enhances endoscopic LSCI performance.This technology broadens the imaging field of view,enhances the signal-to-noise ratio,enables more sensitive detection of minute blood flow changes,expands the detectable flow range,and improves signal-to-background ratio of endoscopic LSCI.Our findings suggest that CF-based laser illumination stands as a highly promising advancement in endoscopic LSCI.
文摘To the Editor:Intensive care unit-acquired weakness(ICU-AW)is a serious complication in critically ill patients,associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation(MV),extended ICU stays,increased hospitalization costs,and higher mortality rates.Current research suggests that protein may be the most crucial substrate for maintaining muscle mass and physical function in critically ill patients and improving clinical outcomes.[1]
