In this article, by using theory of linear evolution system and Schauder fixed point theorem, we establish a sufficient result of exact null controllability for a non-autonomous functional evolution system with nonloc...In this article, by using theory of linear evolution system and Schauder fixed point theorem, we establish a sufficient result of exact null controllability for a non-autonomous functional evolution system with nonlocal conditions. In particular, the compactness condition or Lipschitz condition for the function g in the nonlocal conditions appearing in various literatures is not required here. An example is also provided to show an application of the obtained result.展开更多
A discrete differential evolution algorithm combined with the branch and bound method is developed to solve the integer linear bilevel programming problems, in which both upper level and lower level variables are forc...A discrete differential evolution algorithm combined with the branch and bound method is developed to solve the integer linear bilevel programming problems, in which both upper level and lower level variables are forced to be integer. An integer coding for upper level variables is adopted, and then a discrete differential evolution algorithm with an improved feasibility-based comparison is developed to directly explore the integer solution at the upper level. For a given upper level integer variable, the lower level integer programming problem is solved by the existing branch and bound algorithm to obtain the optimal integer solution at the lower level. In the same framework of the algorithm, two other constraint handling methods, i.e. the penalty function method and the feasibility-based comparison method are also tested. The experimental results demonstrate that the discrete differential evolution algorithm with different constraint handling methods is effective in finding the global optimal integer solutions, but the improved constraint handling method performs better than two compared constraint handling methods.展开更多
In order to reveal the complex network characteristics and evolution principle of China aviation network, the probability distribution and evolution trace of average degree of edge vertices of China aviation network w...In order to reveal the complex network characteristics and evolution principle of China aviation network, the probability distribution and evolution trace of average degree of edge vertices of China aviation network were studied based on the statistics data of China civil aviation network in 1988, 1994, 2001, 2008 and 2015. According to the theory and method of complex network, the network system was constructed with the city where the airport was located as the network node and the route between cities as the edge of the network. Based on the statistical data, the average degrees of edge vertices in China aviation network in 1988, 1994, 2001, 2008 and 2015 were calculated. Using the probability statistical analysis method and regression analysis approach, it was found that the average degree of edge vertices had the probability distribution of normal function and the position parameters and scale parameters of the probability distribution had linear evolution trace.展开更多
In order to reveal the complex network characteristics and evolution principle of China aviation network, the probability distribution and evolution trace of ratio of China aviation network edge vertices degree were s...In order to reveal the complex network characteristics and evolution principle of China aviation network, the probability distribution and evolution trace of ratio of China aviation network edge vertices degree were studied based on the statistics data of China civil aviation network in 1988, 1994, 2001, 2008 and 2015. According to the theory and method of complex network, the network system was constructed with the city where the airport was located as the network node and the route between cities as the edge of the network. Based on the statistical data, the ratio of edge vertices degree in China aviation network in 1988, 1994, 2001, 2008 and 2015 were calculated. Using the probability statistical analysis method and regression analysis approach, it was found that the ratio of edge vertices degree had linear probability distribution and the two parameters of the probability distribution had linear evolution trace.展开更多
In order to reveal the complex network characteristics and evolution principle of China aviation network,the probability distribution and evolution trace of arithmetic average of edge vertices nearest neighbor average...In order to reveal the complex network characteristics and evolution principle of China aviation network,the probability distribution and evolution trace of arithmetic average of edge vertices nearest neighbor average degree values of China aviation network were studied based on the statistics data of China civil aviation network in 1988,1994,2001,2008 and 2015.According to the theory and method of complex network,the network system was constructed with the city where the airport was located as the network node and the route between cities as the edge of the network.Based on the statistical data,the arithmetic averages of edge vertices nearest neighbor average degree values of China aviation network in 1988,1994,2001,2008 and 2015 were calculated.Using the probability statistical analysis method,it was found that the arithmetic average of edge vertices nearest neighbor average degree values had the probability distribution of normal function and the position parameters and scale parameters of the probability distribution had linear evolution trace.展开更多
The issue of burst losses imposes a constraint on the development of Optical Burst Switching （OBS） networks. Heavy burst losses strongly affect the Quality of Service （QoS） intended by end users. This article pres...The issue of burst losses imposes a constraint on the development of Optical Burst Switching （OBS） networks. Heavy burst losses strongly affect the Quality of Service （QoS） intended by end users. This article presents a QoS aware Routing and Wavelength Allocation （RWA） technique for burst switching in OBS networks. The RWA problem is modeled as a bi-objective Integer Linear Programming （ILP） problem, where objective functions are based on minimizing the number of wavelengths used and the number of hops traversed to fulfill the burst transmission requests for a given set of node pairs. The ILP model is solved using a novel approach based on a Differential Evolution （DE） algorithm. Analytical results show that the DE algorithm provides a better performance compared to shortest path routing, which is a widely accepted routing strategy for OBS networks.展开更多
In order to reveal the complex network characteristics and evolution principle of China aviation network,the probability distribution and evolution trace of node nearest neighbor average degree of China aviation netwo...In order to reveal the complex network characteristics and evolution principle of China aviation network,the probability distribution and evolution trace of node nearest neighbor average degree of China aviation network were studied based on the statistics data of China civil aviation network in 1988,1994,2001,2008 and 2015.According to the theory and method of complex network,the network system was constructed with the city where the airport was located as the network node and the route between cities as the edge of the network.Based on the statistical data,the nearest neighbor average degrees of nodes in China aviation network in 1988,1994,2001,2008 and 2015 were calculated.Using the probability statistical analysis method,it was found that the nearest neighbor average degree had the probability distribution of normal function and the position parameters and scale parameters of the probability distribution had linear evolution trace.展开更多
基金supported by NSF of China (11171110)Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (B407)
文摘In this article, by using theory of linear evolution system and Schauder fixed point theorem, we establish a sufficient result of exact null controllability for a non-autonomous functional evolution system with nonlocal conditions. In particular, the compactness condition or Lipschitz condition for the function g in the nonlocal conditions appearing in various literatures is not required here. An example is also provided to show an application of the obtained result.
基金supported by the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(2013JM1022)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(K50511700004)
文摘A discrete differential evolution algorithm combined with the branch and bound method is developed to solve the integer linear bilevel programming problems, in which both upper level and lower level variables are forced to be integer. An integer coding for upper level variables is adopted, and then a discrete differential evolution algorithm with an improved feasibility-based comparison is developed to directly explore the integer solution at the upper level. For a given upper level integer variable, the lower level integer programming problem is solved by the existing branch and bound algorithm to obtain the optimal integer solution at the lower level. In the same framework of the algorithm, two other constraint handling methods, i.e. the penalty function method and the feasibility-based comparison method are also tested. The experimental results demonstrate that the discrete differential evolution algorithm with different constraint handling methods is effective in finding the global optimal integer solutions, but the improved constraint handling method performs better than two compared constraint handling methods.
文摘In order to reveal the complex network characteristics and evolution principle of China aviation network, the probability distribution and evolution trace of average degree of edge vertices of China aviation network were studied based on the statistics data of China civil aviation network in 1988, 1994, 2001, 2008 and 2015. According to the theory and method of complex network, the network system was constructed with the city where the airport was located as the network node and the route between cities as the edge of the network. Based on the statistical data, the average degrees of edge vertices in China aviation network in 1988, 1994, 2001, 2008 and 2015 were calculated. Using the probability statistical analysis method and regression analysis approach, it was found that the average degree of edge vertices had the probability distribution of normal function and the position parameters and scale parameters of the probability distribution had linear evolution trace.
文摘In order to reveal the complex network characteristics and evolution principle of China aviation network, the probability distribution and evolution trace of ratio of China aviation network edge vertices degree were studied based on the statistics data of China civil aviation network in 1988, 1994, 2001, 2008 and 2015. According to the theory and method of complex network, the network system was constructed with the city where the airport was located as the network node and the route between cities as the edge of the network. Based on the statistical data, the ratio of edge vertices degree in China aviation network in 1988, 1994, 2001, 2008 and 2015 were calculated. Using the probability statistical analysis method and regression analysis approach, it was found that the ratio of edge vertices degree had linear probability distribution and the two parameters of the probability distribution had linear evolution trace.
文摘In order to reveal the complex network characteristics and evolution principle of China aviation network,the probability distribution and evolution trace of arithmetic average of edge vertices nearest neighbor average degree values of China aviation network were studied based on the statistics data of China civil aviation network in 1988,1994,2001,2008 and 2015.According to the theory and method of complex network,the network system was constructed with the city where the airport was located as the network node and the route between cities as the edge of the network.Based on the statistical data,the arithmetic averages of edge vertices nearest neighbor average degree values of China aviation network in 1988,1994,2001,2008 and 2015 were calculated.Using the probability statistical analysis method,it was found that the arithmetic average of edge vertices nearest neighbor average degree values had the probability distribution of normal function and the position parameters and scale parameters of the probability distribution had linear evolution trace.
文摘The issue of burst losses imposes a constraint on the development of Optical Burst Switching （OBS） networks. Heavy burst losses strongly affect the Quality of Service （QoS） intended by end users. This article presents a QoS aware Routing and Wavelength Allocation （RWA） technique for burst switching in OBS networks. The RWA problem is modeled as a bi-objective Integer Linear Programming （ILP） problem, where objective functions are based on minimizing the number of wavelengths used and the number of hops traversed to fulfill the burst transmission requests for a given set of node pairs. The ILP model is solved using a novel approach based on a Differential Evolution （DE） algorithm. Analytical results show that the DE algorithm provides a better performance compared to shortest path routing, which is a widely accepted routing strategy for OBS networks.
文摘In order to reveal the complex network characteristics and evolution principle of China aviation network,the probability distribution and evolution trace of node nearest neighbor average degree of China aviation network were studied based on the statistics data of China civil aviation network in 1988,1994,2001,2008 and 2015.According to the theory and method of complex network,the network system was constructed with the city where the airport was located as the network node and the route between cities as the edge of the network.Based on the statistical data,the nearest neighbor average degrees of nodes in China aviation network in 1988,1994,2001,2008 and 2015 were calculated.Using the probability statistical analysis method,it was found that the nearest neighbor average degree had the probability distribution of normal function and the position parameters and scale parameters of the probability distribution had linear evolution trace.
