Although multicrystalline Si photovoltaics have been extensively studied and applied in the collection of solar energy,the same systems suffer significant efficiency losses in indoor settings,where ambient light condi...Although multicrystalline Si photovoltaics have been extensively studied and applied in the collection of solar energy,the same systems suffer significant efficiency losses in indoor settings,where ambient light conditions are considerably smaller in intensity and possess greater components of non-normal incidence.Yet,indoor light-driven,stand-alone devices can offer sustainable advances in next-generation technologies such as the Internet of Things.Here,we present a non-invasive solution to aid in photovoltaic indoor light collection—radially distributed waveguide-encoded lattice(RDWEL)slim films(thickness 1.5 mm).Embedded with a monotonical radial array of cylindrical waveguides(±20°),the RDWEL demonstrates seamless light collection(FoV(fields of view)=74.5°)and imparts enhancements in JSC(short circuit current density)of 44%and 14%for indoor and outdoor lighting conditions,respectively,when coupled to a photovoltaic device and compared to an unstructured but otherwise identical slim film coating.展开更多
Improving device efficiency is fundamental for advancing energy harvesting technology,particularly in systems designed to convert light energy into electrical output.In our previous studies,we developed a basic struct...Improving device efficiency is fundamental for advancing energy harvesting technology,particularly in systems designed to convert light energy into electrical output.In our previous studies,we developed a basic structure light pressure electric generator(Basic-LPEG),which utilized a layered configuration of Ag/Pb(Zr,Ti)O_(3)(PZT)/Pt/GaAs to generate electricity based on light-induced pressure on the PZT.In this study,we sought to enhance the performance of this Basic-LPEG by introducing Ag nanoparticles/graphene oxide(AgNPs/GO)composite units(NP-LPEG),creating upgraded harvesting device.Specifically,by depositing the AgNPs/GO units twice onto the Basic-LPEG,we observed an increase in output voltage and current from 241 mV and 3.1μA to 310 mV and 9.3μA,respectively,under a solar simulator.The increase in electrical output directly correlated with the intensity of the light pressure impacting the PZT,as well as matched the Raman measurements,finite-difference time-domain simulations,and COMSOL Multiphysics Simulation.Experimental data revealed that the enhancement in electrical output was proportional to the number of hot spots generated between Ag nanoparticles,where the electric field experienced substantial amplification.These results underline the effectiveness of AgNPs/GO units in boosting the light-induced electric generation capacity,thereby providing a promising pathway for high-efficiency energy harvesting devices.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the effects of different light intensities and various mydriatic and miotic drugs on pupil accommodation in guinea pigs.METHODS:Forty-two-week-old guinea pigs were randomly divided into four groups ...AIM:To investigate the effects of different light intensities and various mydriatic and miotic drugs on pupil accommodation in guinea pigs.METHODS:Forty-two-week-old guinea pigs were randomly divided into four groups to assess pupillary responses under varying light intensities(100,250,500 lx)and pharmacological interventions(1%atropine,1%cyclopentolate,1%tropicamide,or 2%pilocarpine).Baseline pupil size and eccentricity were recorded using a non-contact Python-based imaging system integrating edge detection and pixel-to-distance conversion.Direct illumination effects were measured at sequential time points,followed by drug administration and longitudinal tracking of pupillary changes.The protocol was repeated at 12wk of age for developmental comparisons.Postexperiment,enucleated eyes were analyzed to evaluate in vitro vs in vivo differences.RESULTS:Significant age-dependent differences in pupil dynamics were observed.Both 2-and 12-week-old guinea pigs exhibited marked pupil constriction under direct illumination(P<0.001),with decreased eccentricity post-constriction(P<0.001).Indirect illumination caused inconsistent pupil size changes(2-week:P=0.68;12-week:P=0.49).Pharmacologically,atropine,cyclopentolate,and tropicamide induced pupil dilation(P<0.001),whereas pilocarpine caused constriction(P<0.001).All drug groups showed reduced eccentricity(P<0.001).In vivo/in vitro comparisons revealed significant structural differences.CONCLUSION:This study investigates pupillary responses in developing guinea pigs,revealing a direct pupillary light reflex(PLR)with light intensity-dependent responses,while indirect PLR was undetectable.The differential effects of muscarinic modulators on pupillary responses underscore the critical role of cholinergic signaling in ocular accommodation,with age-related variations in sensitivity.Additionally,a novel non-contact measurement methodology achieved a precision of 0.01 mm for pupillary quantification,enhancing accuracy in ocular studies.展开更多
Cellulose frameworks have emerged as promising materials for light management due to their exceptional light-scattering capabilities and sustainable nature.Conventional biomass-derived cellulose frameworks face a fund...Cellulose frameworks have emerged as promising materials for light management due to their exceptional light-scattering capabilities and sustainable nature.Conventional biomass-derived cellulose frameworks face a fundamental trade-off between haze and transparency,coupled with impractical thicknesses(≥1 mm).Inspired by squid’s skin-peeling mechanism,this work develops a peroxyformic acid(HCOOOH)-enabled precision peeling strategy to isolate intact 10-μm-thick bamboo green(BG)frameworks—100×thinner than wood-based counterparts while achieving an unprecedented optical performance(88%haze with 80%transparency).This performance surpasses delignified biomass(transparency<40%at 1 mm)and matches engineered cellulose composites,yet requires no energy-intensive nanofibrillation.The preserved native cellulose I crystalline structure(64.76%crystallinity)and wax-coated uniaxial fibril alignment(Hermans factor:0.23)contribute to high mechanical strength(903 MPa modulus)and broadband light scattering.As a light-management layer in polycrystalline silicon solar cells,the BG framework boosts photoelectric conversion efficiency by 0.41%absolute(18.74%→19.15%),outperforming synthetic anti-reflective coatings.The work establishes a scalable,waste-to-wealth route for optical-grade cellulose materials in next-generation optoelectronics.展开更多
This study developed a novel heterogeneous Vis-Photo+Fenton-like system by integrating visible-light-responsive Co_(3)O_(4)/TiO_(2) photocatalysis with peroxymonosulfate(PMS)activation for efficient atrazine(ATZ)degra...This study developed a novel heterogeneous Vis-Photo+Fenton-like system by integrating visible-light-responsive Co_(3)O_(4)/TiO_(2) photocatalysis with peroxymonosulfate(PMS)activation for efficient atrazine(ATZ)degradation.The synergistic process achieved complete ATZ removal within 60 min under near-neutral pH(6.9),outperform-ing individual Fenton-like(39%)and photocatalytic(24%)processes.Key factors influencing the degradation efficiency included light sources(UV>visible),pH(optimal at 6.9),catalyst dosage(0.01 g Co_(3)O_(4)/TiO_(2)),and PMS:ATZ molar ratio(1:2).The system exhibited a synergistic coefficient of 5.03(degradation)and 1.97(miner-alization),attributed to enhanced radical generation and accelerated Co^(3+)/Co^(2+)redox cycling through photoin-duced electron transfer.Intermediate analysis revealed dealkylation,dechlorination,and oxidation pathways,with reduced toxicity of by-products(e.g.,CEAT,CIAT)confirmed by ecotoxicity assessments.The mineralization efficiency(Vis-Photo+Fenton-like)reached 83.1%,significantly higher than that of standalone processes(Fenton-like:43.2%;photocatalysis:30.5%).The catalyst demonstrated excellent stability(nearly 90%recov-ery,<1μg/L Co leaching)and practical applicability.This study provides an efficient,sludge-free,and solar-compatible strategy for eliminating persistent herbicides in water treatment.展开更多
Progressive photoreceptor cell death is one of the main pathological features of age-related macular degeneration and eventually leads to vision loss.Ferroptosis has been demonstrated to be associated with retinal deg...Progressive photoreceptor cell death is one of the main pathological features of age-related macular degeneration and eventually leads to vision loss.Ferroptosis has been demonstrated to be associated with retinal degenerative diseases.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying ferroptosis and photoreceptor cell death in age-related macular degeneration remain largely unexplored.Bioinformatics and biochemical analyses in this study revealed xC^(–),solute carrier family 7 member 11-regulated ferroptosis as the predominant pathological process of photoreceptor cell degeneration in a light-induced dry age-related macular degeneration mouse model.This process involves the nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2-solute carrier family 7 member 11-glutathione peroxidase 4 signaling pathway,through which cystine depletion,iron ion accumulation,and enhanced lipid peroxidation ultimately lead to photoreceptor cell death and subsequent visual function impairment.We demonstrated that solute carrier family 7 member 11 overexpression blocked this process by inhibiting oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo.Conversely,solute carrier family 7 member 11 knockdown or the solute carrier family 7 member 11 inhibitor sulfasalazine and ferroptosis-inducing agent erastin aggravated H_(2)O_(2)-induced ferroptosis of 661W cells.These findings indicate solute carrier family 7 member 11 may be a potential therapeutic target for patients with retinal degenerative diseases including age-related macular degeneration.展开更多
To fully utilize the resources provided by optical fiber networks,a cross-band quantum light source generating photon pairs,where one photon in a pair is at C band and the other is at O band,is proposed in this work.T...To fully utilize the resources provided by optical fiber networks,a cross-band quantum light source generating photon pairs,where one photon in a pair is at C band and the other is at O band,is proposed in this work.This source is based on spontaneous four-wave mixing(SFWM)in a piece of shallow-ridge silicon waveguide.Theoretical analysis shows that the waveguide dispersion could be tailored by adjusting the ridge width,enabling broadband photon pair generation by SFWM across C band and O band.The spontaneous Raman scattering(SpRS)in silicon waveguides is also investigated experimentally.It shows that there are two regions in the spectrum of generated photons from SpRS,which could be used to achieve cross-band photon pair generation.A chip of shallow-ridge silicon waveguide samples with different ridge widths has been fabricated,through which cross-band photon pair generation is demonstrated experimentally.The experimental results show that the source can be achieved using dispersion-optimized shallow-ridge silicon waveguides.This cross-band quantum light source provides a way to develop new fiber-based quantum communication functions utilizing both C band and O band and extends applications of quantum networks.展开更多
The unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)images captured under low-light conditions are often suffering from noise and uneven illumination.To address these issues,we propose a low-light image enhancement algorithm for UAV imag...The unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)images captured under low-light conditions are often suffering from noise and uneven illumination.To address these issues,we propose a low-light image enhancement algorithm for UAV images,which is inspired by the Retinex theory and guided by a light weighted map.Firstly,we propose a new network for reflectance component processing to suppress the noise in images.Secondly,we construct an illumination enhancement module that uses a light weighted map to guide the enhancement process.Finally,the processed reflectance and illumination components are recombined to obtain the enhancement results.Experimental results show that our method can suppress the noise in images while enhancing image brightness,and prevent over enhancement in bright regions.Code and data are available at https://gitee.com/baixiaotong2/uav-images.git.展开更多
The removal of ammonia nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N)and bacteria from aquaculture wastewater holds paramount ecological and production significance.In this study,Pt/RuO_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4)photocatalysts were prepared by deposit...The removal of ammonia nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N)and bacteria from aquaculture wastewater holds paramount ecological and production significance.In this study,Pt/RuO_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4)photocatalysts were prepared by depositing Pt and RuO_(2)particles onto g-C_(3)N_(4).The physicochemical properties of photocatalysts were explored by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectrometer(UV–vis DRS).The photocatalysts were then applied to the removal of both NH_(4)^(+)-N and bacteria from simulated mariculture wastewater.The results clarified that the removals of both NH_(4)^(+)-N and bacteria were in the sequence of g-C_(3)N_(4)<RuO_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4)<Pt/g-C_(3)N_(4)<Pt/RuO_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4).This magnificent photocatalytic ability of Pt/RuO_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4)can be interpreted by the transfer of holes from g-C_(3)N_(4)to RuO_(2)to facilitate the in situ generation of HClO from Cl^(−)in wastewater,while Pt extracts photogenerated electrons for H_(2)formation to enhance the reaction.The removal of NH_(4)^(+)-N and disinfection effect were more pronounced in simulated seawater than in purewater.The removal efficiency ofNH_(4)^(+)-N increases with an increase in pH of wastewater,while the bactericidal effect was more significant under a lower pH in a pH range of 6–9.In actual seawater aquaculture wastewater,Pt/RuO_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4)still exhibits effective removal efficiency of NH_(4)^(+)-N and bactericidal performance under sunlight.This study provides an alternative avenue for removement of NH_(4)^(+)-N and bacteria from saline waters under sunlight.展开更多
In low-light environments,captured images often exhibit issues such as insufficient clarity and detail loss,which significantly degrade the accuracy of subsequent target recognition tasks.To tackle these challenges,th...In low-light environments,captured images often exhibit issues such as insufficient clarity and detail loss,which significantly degrade the accuracy of subsequent target recognition tasks.To tackle these challenges,this study presents a novel low-light image enhancement algorithm that leverages virtual hazy image generation through dehazing models based on statistical analysis.The proposed algorithm initiates the enhancement process by transforming the low-light image into a virtual hazy image,followed by image segmentation using a quadtree method.To improve the accuracy and robustness of atmospheric light estimation,the algorithm incorporates a genetic algorithm to optimize the quadtree-based estimation of atmospheric light regions.Additionally,this method employs an adaptive window adjustment mechanism to derive the dark channel prior image,which is subsequently refined using morphological operations and guided filtering.The final enhanced image is reconstructed through the hazy image degradation model.Extensive experimental evaluations across multiple datasets verify the superiority of the designed framework,achieving a peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR)of 17.09 and a structural similarity index(SSIM)of 0.74.These results indicate that the proposed algorithm not only effectively enhances image contrast and brightness but also outperforms traditional methods in terms of subjective and objective evaluation metrics.展开更多
Using natural minerals to eliminate harmful Cr(Ⅵ)under sustainable sunshine has significant potential.Herein,Palygorskite nanorods were utilized as carriers for the in-situ synthesis of CaIn_(2)S_(4) photocatalysts t...Using natural minerals to eliminate harmful Cr(Ⅵ)under sustainable sunshine has significant potential.Herein,Palygorskite nanorods were utilized as carriers for the in-situ synthesis of CaIn_(2)S_(4) photocatalysts through a simple one-pot thermal process,enabling the efficient reduction of Cr(Ⅵ).With a Palygorskite to CaIn_(2)S_(4) mass ratio of 5%,the conversion rate of Cr(Ⅵ)reached 98%after 60min of visible-light exposure,with a remarkable reaction rate of 0.0633 min^(-1).The effective integration of CaIn_(2)S_(4) with Palygorskite led to a more uniform dispersion of CaIn_(2)S_(4),exposing more reactive sites.Moreover,the establishment of a heterojunction between CaIn_(2)S_(4) and Palygorskite facilitated the transport of photogenerated electrons from CaIn_(2)S_(4),enhancing the efficiency of charge separation.These factors contribute to the improved photocatalytic performance.Additionally,the developed composite photocatalysts demonstrated excellent stability under light exposure and could be reused efficiently.Trapping tests on active substances revealed that e-played key roles in the Cr(Ⅵ)reduction.This research suggests the potential of using natural minerals to fabricate composite photocatalysts capable of effectively removing pollutants from the environment using solar energy.展开更多
Multiple quantum well(MQW) Ⅲ-nitride diodes that can simultaneously emit and detect light feature an overlapping region between their electroluminescence and responsivity spectra, which allows them to be simultaneous...Multiple quantum well(MQW) Ⅲ-nitride diodes that can simultaneously emit and detect light feature an overlapping region between their electroluminescence and responsivity spectra, which allows them to be simultaneously used as both a transmitter and a receiver in a wireless light communication system. Here, we demonstrate a mobile light communication system using a time-division multiplexing(TDM) scheme to achieve bidirectional data transmission via the same optical channel.Two identical blue MQW diodes are defined by software as a transmitter or a receiver. To address the light alignment issue, an image identification module integrated with a gimbal stabilizer is used to automatically detect the locations of moving targets;thus, underwater audio communication is realized via a mobile blue-light TDM communication mode. This approach not only uses a single link but also integrates mobile nodes in a practical network.展开更多
基金supported by the European Research Council(ERC)under the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme(Grant Agreement No.818762)the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(Grant No.EP/V048953/1)and the Isaac Newton Trust(grant 22.39(m))。
文摘Although multicrystalline Si photovoltaics have been extensively studied and applied in the collection of solar energy,the same systems suffer significant efficiency losses in indoor settings,where ambient light conditions are considerably smaller in intensity and possess greater components of non-normal incidence.Yet,indoor light-driven,stand-alone devices can offer sustainable advances in next-generation technologies such as the Internet of Things.Here,we present a non-invasive solution to aid in photovoltaic indoor light collection—radially distributed waveguide-encoded lattice(RDWEL)slim films(thickness 1.5 mm).Embedded with a monotonical radial array of cylindrical waveguides(±20°),the RDWEL demonstrates seamless light collection(FoV(fields of view)=74.5°)and imparts enhancements in JSC(short circuit current density)of 44%and 14%for indoor and outdoor lighting conditions,respectively,when coupled to a photovoltaic device and compared to an unstructured but otherwise identical slim film coating.
基金supported by Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology(KEIT)grant funded by the Korea Government(MOTIE)(RS-2022-00154720,Technology Innovation Program Development of next-generation power semiconductor based on Si-on-SiC structure)the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)by the Korea government(RS-2023-NR076826)Global-Learning&Academic Research Institution for Master's·PhD students,and Postdocs(LAMP)Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)by the Ministry of Education(No.RS-2024-00443714).
文摘Improving device efficiency is fundamental for advancing energy harvesting technology,particularly in systems designed to convert light energy into electrical output.In our previous studies,we developed a basic structure light pressure electric generator(Basic-LPEG),which utilized a layered configuration of Ag/Pb(Zr,Ti)O_(3)(PZT)/Pt/GaAs to generate electricity based on light-induced pressure on the PZT.In this study,we sought to enhance the performance of this Basic-LPEG by introducing Ag nanoparticles/graphene oxide(AgNPs/GO)composite units(NP-LPEG),creating upgraded harvesting device.Specifically,by depositing the AgNPs/GO units twice onto the Basic-LPEG,we observed an increase in output voltage and current from 241 mV and 3.1μA to 310 mV and 9.3μA,respectively,under a solar simulator.The increase in electrical output directly correlated with the intensity of the light pressure impacting the PZT,as well as matched the Raman measurements,finite-difference time-domain simulations,and COMSOL Multiphysics Simulation.Experimental data revealed that the enhancement in electrical output was proportional to the number of hot spots generated between Ag nanoparticles,where the electric field experienced substantial amplification.These results underline the effectiveness of AgNPs/GO units in boosting the light-induced electric generation capacity,thereby providing a promising pathway for high-efficiency energy harvesting devices.
文摘AIM:To investigate the effects of different light intensities and various mydriatic and miotic drugs on pupil accommodation in guinea pigs.METHODS:Forty-two-week-old guinea pigs were randomly divided into four groups to assess pupillary responses under varying light intensities(100,250,500 lx)and pharmacological interventions(1%atropine,1%cyclopentolate,1%tropicamide,or 2%pilocarpine).Baseline pupil size and eccentricity were recorded using a non-contact Python-based imaging system integrating edge detection and pixel-to-distance conversion.Direct illumination effects were measured at sequential time points,followed by drug administration and longitudinal tracking of pupillary changes.The protocol was repeated at 12wk of age for developmental comparisons.Postexperiment,enucleated eyes were analyzed to evaluate in vitro vs in vivo differences.RESULTS:Significant age-dependent differences in pupil dynamics were observed.Both 2-and 12-week-old guinea pigs exhibited marked pupil constriction under direct illumination(P<0.001),with decreased eccentricity post-constriction(P<0.001).Indirect illumination caused inconsistent pupil size changes(2-week:P=0.68;12-week:P=0.49).Pharmacologically,atropine,cyclopentolate,and tropicamide induced pupil dilation(P<0.001),whereas pilocarpine caused constriction(P<0.001).All drug groups showed reduced eccentricity(P<0.001).In vivo/in vitro comparisons revealed significant structural differences.CONCLUSION:This study investigates pupillary responses in developing guinea pigs,revealing a direct pupillary light reflex(PLR)with light intensity-dependent responses,while indirect PLR was undetectable.The differential effects of muscarinic modulators on pupillary responses underscore the critical role of cholinergic signaling in ocular accommodation,with age-related variations in sensitivity.Additionally,a novel non-contact measurement methodology achieved a precision of 0.01 mm for pupillary quantification,enhancing accuracy in ocular studies.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(32494793).
文摘Cellulose frameworks have emerged as promising materials for light management due to their exceptional light-scattering capabilities and sustainable nature.Conventional biomass-derived cellulose frameworks face a fundamental trade-off between haze and transparency,coupled with impractical thicknesses(≥1 mm).Inspired by squid’s skin-peeling mechanism,this work develops a peroxyformic acid(HCOOOH)-enabled precision peeling strategy to isolate intact 10-μm-thick bamboo green(BG)frameworks—100×thinner than wood-based counterparts while achieving an unprecedented optical performance(88%haze with 80%transparency).This performance surpasses delignified biomass(transparency<40%at 1 mm)and matches engineered cellulose composites,yet requires no energy-intensive nanofibrillation.The preserved native cellulose I crystalline structure(64.76%crystallinity)and wax-coated uniaxial fibril alignment(Hermans factor:0.23)contribute to high mechanical strength(903 MPa modulus)and broadband light scattering.As a light-management layer in polycrystalline silicon solar cells,the BG framework boosts photoelectric conversion efficiency by 0.41%absolute(18.74%→19.15%),outperforming synthetic anti-reflective coatings.The work establishes a scalable,waste-to-wealth route for optical-grade cellulose materials in next-generation optoelectronics.
基金supported by the Financial Supports of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51508056,52370030 and 42007352)the Chongqing Postgraduate Joint Training Base Project(No.JDLHPYJD2022005)the special fund of Henan Key Labora-tory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology(No.CJSZ2024001).
文摘This study developed a novel heterogeneous Vis-Photo+Fenton-like system by integrating visible-light-responsive Co_(3)O_(4)/TiO_(2) photocatalysis with peroxymonosulfate(PMS)activation for efficient atrazine(ATZ)degradation.The synergistic process achieved complete ATZ removal within 60 min under near-neutral pH(6.9),outperform-ing individual Fenton-like(39%)and photocatalytic(24%)processes.Key factors influencing the degradation efficiency included light sources(UV>visible),pH(optimal at 6.9),catalyst dosage(0.01 g Co_(3)O_(4)/TiO_(2)),and PMS:ATZ molar ratio(1:2).The system exhibited a synergistic coefficient of 5.03(degradation)and 1.97(miner-alization),attributed to enhanced radical generation and accelerated Co^(3+)/Co^(2+)redox cycling through photoin-duced electron transfer.Intermediate analysis revealed dealkylation,dechlorination,and oxidation pathways,with reduced toxicity of by-products(e.g.,CEAT,CIAT)confirmed by ecotoxicity assessments.The mineralization efficiency(Vis-Photo+Fenton-like)reached 83.1%,significantly higher than that of standalone processes(Fenton-like:43.2%;photocatalysis:30.5%).The catalyst demonstrated excellent stability(nearly 90%recov-ery,<1μg/L Co leaching)and practical applicability.This study provides an efficient,sludge-free,and solar-compatible strategy for eliminating persistent herbicides in water treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82171076(to XS)and U22A20311(to XS),82101168(to TL)Shanghai Science and technology Innovation Action Plan,No.23Y11901300(to JS)+1 种基金Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality,No.21ZR1451500(to TL)Shanghai Pujiang Program,No.22PJ1412200(to BY)。
文摘Progressive photoreceptor cell death is one of the main pathological features of age-related macular degeneration and eventually leads to vision loss.Ferroptosis has been demonstrated to be associated with retinal degenerative diseases.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying ferroptosis and photoreceptor cell death in age-related macular degeneration remain largely unexplored.Bioinformatics and biochemical analyses in this study revealed xC^(–),solute carrier family 7 member 11-regulated ferroptosis as the predominant pathological process of photoreceptor cell degeneration in a light-induced dry age-related macular degeneration mouse model.This process involves the nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2-solute carrier family 7 member 11-glutathione peroxidase 4 signaling pathway,through which cystine depletion,iron ion accumulation,and enhanced lipid peroxidation ultimately lead to photoreceptor cell death and subsequent visual function impairment.We demonstrated that solute carrier family 7 member 11 overexpression blocked this process by inhibiting oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo.Conversely,solute carrier family 7 member 11 knockdown or the solute carrier family 7 member 11 inhibitor sulfasalazine and ferroptosis-inducing agent erastin aggravated H_(2)O_(2)-induced ferroptosis of 661W cells.These findings indicate solute carrier family 7 member 11 may be a potential therapeutic target for patients with retinal degenerative diseases including age-related macular degeneration.
基金supported by the Quantum Science and Technology-National Science and Technology Major Project (Grant No.2024ZD0302502 for WZ)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.92365210 for WZ)+1 种基金Tsinghua Initiative Scientific Research Program (for WZ)the project of Tsinghua University-Zhuhai Huafa Industrial Share Company Joint Institute for Architecture Optoelectronic Technologies (JIAOT,for YH)。
文摘To fully utilize the resources provided by optical fiber networks,a cross-band quantum light source generating photon pairs,where one photon in a pair is at C band and the other is at O band,is proposed in this work.This source is based on spontaneous four-wave mixing(SFWM)in a piece of shallow-ridge silicon waveguide.Theoretical analysis shows that the waveguide dispersion could be tailored by adjusting the ridge width,enabling broadband photon pair generation by SFWM across C band and O band.The spontaneous Raman scattering(SpRS)in silicon waveguides is also investigated experimentally.It shows that there are two regions in the spectrum of generated photons from SpRS,which could be used to achieve cross-band photon pair generation.A chip of shallow-ridge silicon waveguide samples with different ridge widths has been fabricated,through which cross-band photon pair generation is demonstrated experimentally.The experimental results show that the source can be achieved using dispersion-optimized shallow-ridge silicon waveguides.This cross-band quantum light source provides a way to develop new fiber-based quantum communication functions utilizing both C band and O band and extends applications of quantum networks.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62201454 and 62306235)the Xi’an Science and Technology Program of Xi’an Science and Technology Bureau(No.23SFSF0004)。
文摘The unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)images captured under low-light conditions are often suffering from noise and uneven illumination.To address these issues,we propose a low-light image enhancement algorithm for UAV images,which is inspired by the Retinex theory and guided by a light weighted map.Firstly,we propose a new network for reflectance component processing to suppress the noise in images.Secondly,we construct an illumination enhancement module that uses a light weighted map to guide the enhancement process.Finally,the processed reflectance and illumination components are recombined to obtain the enhancement results.Experimental results show that our method can suppress the noise in images while enhancing image brightness,and prevent over enhancement in bright regions.Code and data are available at https://gitee.com/baixiaotong2/uav-images.git.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Planning Project of Fujian Province(No.2023Y4015)the Marine and Fishery Development Special Fund of Xiamen(No.23YYST064QCB36)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(No.2021J011210).
文摘The removal of ammonia nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N)and bacteria from aquaculture wastewater holds paramount ecological and production significance.In this study,Pt/RuO_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4)photocatalysts were prepared by depositing Pt and RuO_(2)particles onto g-C_(3)N_(4).The physicochemical properties of photocatalysts were explored by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectrometer(UV–vis DRS).The photocatalysts were then applied to the removal of both NH_(4)^(+)-N and bacteria from simulated mariculture wastewater.The results clarified that the removals of both NH_(4)^(+)-N and bacteria were in the sequence of g-C_(3)N_(4)<RuO_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4)<Pt/g-C_(3)N_(4)<Pt/RuO_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4).This magnificent photocatalytic ability of Pt/RuO_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4)can be interpreted by the transfer of holes from g-C_(3)N_(4)to RuO_(2)to facilitate the in situ generation of HClO from Cl^(−)in wastewater,while Pt extracts photogenerated electrons for H_(2)formation to enhance the reaction.The removal of NH_(4)^(+)-N and disinfection effect were more pronounced in simulated seawater than in purewater.The removal efficiency ofNH_(4)^(+)-N increases with an increase in pH of wastewater,while the bactericidal effect was more significant under a lower pH in a pH range of 6–9.In actual seawater aquaculture wastewater,Pt/RuO_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4)still exhibits effective removal efficiency of NH_(4)^(+)-N and bactericidal performance under sunlight.This study provides an alternative avenue for removement of NH_(4)^(+)-N and bacteria from saline waters under sunlight.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(nos.ZR2023MF047,ZR2024MA055 and ZR2023QF139)the Enterprise Commissioned Project(nos.2024HX104 and 2024HX140)+1 种基金the China University Industry-University-Research Innovation Foundation(nos.2021ZYA11003 and 2021ITA05032)the Science and Technology Plan for Youth Innovation of Shandong's Universities(no.2019KJN012).
文摘In low-light environments,captured images often exhibit issues such as insufficient clarity and detail loss,which significantly degrade the accuracy of subsequent target recognition tasks.To tackle these challenges,this study presents a novel low-light image enhancement algorithm that leverages virtual hazy image generation through dehazing models based on statistical analysis.The proposed algorithm initiates the enhancement process by transforming the low-light image into a virtual hazy image,followed by image segmentation using a quadtree method.To improve the accuracy and robustness of atmospheric light estimation,the algorithm incorporates a genetic algorithm to optimize the quadtree-based estimation of atmospheric light regions.Additionally,this method employs an adaptive window adjustment mechanism to derive the dark channel prior image,which is subsequently refined using morphological operations and guided filtering.The final enhanced image is reconstructed through the hazy image degradation model.Extensive experimental evaluations across multiple datasets verify the superiority of the designed framework,achieving a peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR)of 17.09 and a structural similarity index(SSIM)of 0.74.These results indicate that the proposed algorithm not only effectively enhances image contrast and brightness but also outperforms traditional methods in terms of subjective and objective evaluation metrics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22206065 and 22109059)the Jinling Institute of Technology's Doctor Start-up Fund(No.jitb-202024)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20221167).
文摘Using natural minerals to eliminate harmful Cr(Ⅵ)under sustainable sunshine has significant potential.Herein,Palygorskite nanorods were utilized as carriers for the in-situ synthesis of CaIn_(2)S_(4) photocatalysts through a simple one-pot thermal process,enabling the efficient reduction of Cr(Ⅵ).With a Palygorskite to CaIn_(2)S_(4) mass ratio of 5%,the conversion rate of Cr(Ⅵ)reached 98%after 60min of visible-light exposure,with a remarkable reaction rate of 0.0633 min^(-1).The effective integration of CaIn_(2)S_(4) with Palygorskite led to a more uniform dispersion of CaIn_(2)S_(4),exposing more reactive sites.Moreover,the establishment of a heterojunction between CaIn_(2)S_(4) and Palygorskite facilitated the transport of photogenerated electrons from CaIn_(2)S_(4),enhancing the efficiency of charge separation.These factors contribute to the improved photocatalytic performance.Additionally,the developed composite photocatalysts demonstrated excellent stability under light exposure and could be reused efficiently.Trapping tests on active substances revealed that e-played key roles in the Cr(Ⅵ)reduction.This research suggests the potential of using natural minerals to fabricate composite photocatalysts capable of effectively removing pollutants from the environment using solar energy.
基金jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U21A20495)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BG2024023)+1 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFE0112000)111 Project (D17018)。
文摘Multiple quantum well(MQW) Ⅲ-nitride diodes that can simultaneously emit and detect light feature an overlapping region between their electroluminescence and responsivity spectra, which allows them to be simultaneously used as both a transmitter and a receiver in a wireless light communication system. Here, we demonstrate a mobile light communication system using a time-division multiplexing(TDM) scheme to achieve bidirectional data transmission via the same optical channel.Two identical blue MQW diodes are defined by software as a transmitter or a receiver. To address the light alignment issue, an image identification module integrated with a gimbal stabilizer is used to automatically detect the locations of moving targets;thus, underwater audio communication is realized via a mobile blue-light TDM communication mode. This approach not only uses a single link but also integrates mobile nodes in a practical network.
