Publisher Correction to:Journal of Forestry Research(2025)36:29 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-025-01823-0 In Fig.4c of this article,the lower part of the figure was unintentionally cropped and incomplete during the p...Publisher Correction to:Journal of Forestry Research(2025)36:29 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-025-01823-0 In Fig.4c of this article,the lower part of the figure was unintentionally cropped and incomplete during the publisher's production process.The published incorrect version and the corrected version of Fig.4 are given below.展开更多
To better understand the effects of ground-level ozone(O_(3))on nutrients and stoichiometry in different plant organs,urban tree species Celtis sinensis,Cyclocarya paliu-rus,Quercus acutissima,and Quercus nuttallii we...To better understand the effects of ground-level ozone(O_(3))on nutrients and stoichiometry in different plant organs,urban tree species Celtis sinensis,Cyclocarya paliu-rus,Quercus acutissima,and Quercus nuttallii were sub-jected to a constant exposure to charcoal-filtered air(CF),nonfiltered air(NF),or NF+40,60,or 80 nmol O_(3)mol^(-1)(NF40,NF60,and NF80)starting early in the summer of the growing season.At the end of summer,net CO_(2)assimila-tion rate(A),stomatal conductance(gs),leaf mass per area(LMA),and/or leaf greenness(SPAD)either were not sig-nificantly affected by elevated O_(3)or were even higher in some cases during the summer compared with the CF or NF controls.LMA was significantly lower in autumn only after the highest O_(3)exposures.Compared to NF,NF40 caused a large increase in gs across species in late summer and more K and Mn in stems.At the end of the growing season,nutri-ent status and stoichiometric ratios in different organs were variously altered under O_(3)stress;many changes were large and often species-specific.Across O_(3)treatments,LMA was primarily associated with C and Mg levels in leaves and Ca levels in leaves and stems.NF40 enriched K,P,Fe,and Mn in stems,relative to NF,and NF60 enhanced Ca in leaves relative to CF and NF40.Moreover,NF resulted in a higher Ca/Mg ratio in leaves of Q.acutissima only,relative to the other O_(3)regimes.Interestingly,across species,O_(3)stress led to different nutrient modifications in different organs(stems+branches vs leaves).Thus,ambient and/or elevated O_(3)exposures can alter the dynamics and distribution of nutrients and disrupt stoichiometry in different organs in a species-specific manner.Changes in stoichiometry reflect an important defense mechanism in plants under O_(3),and O_(3)pollution adds more risk to ecological stoichiometries in urban areas.展开更多
[Objectives]To clarify the effects of varying potassium application rates on leaf growth and soil mineral nutrients of greenhouse peaches,and to identify the optimal potassium fertilizer dosage.[Methods]Using the gree...[Objectives]To clarify the effects of varying potassium application rates on leaf growth and soil mineral nutrients of greenhouse peaches,and to identify the optimal potassium fertilizer dosage.[Methods]Using the greenhouse peach superior line C26-7-17 as the test material and maintaining a fixed ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers,five potassium fertilizer treatment groups were established.The application rates of potassium sulfate were 0,67,135,202,and 269 g/plant,respectively.The regulatory effects of varying potassium application rates were analyzed by measuring leaf area,chlorophyll content,and soil mineral element content.[Results]Applying nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizers in specific proportions increased the leaf area of greenhouse peaches,enhanced chlorophyll content,and significantly improved the soil s nutritional status.Considering the overall optimization of soil nutrients,the recommended potassium fertilizer dosage under the experimental conditions was 202 g/plant.[Conclusions]This study offers theoretical insights that may enhance the quality and efficiency of greenhouse peaches,as well as inform nutrient management strategies.展开更多
Nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)are essential nutrients and can significantly impact primary productivity of the ecosystem causing water environmental problems.However,their cycling mechanisms are not well understood in a...Nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)are essential nutrients and can significantly impact primary productivity of the ecosystem causing water environmental problems.However,their cycling mechanisms are not well understood in alpine mountains with climate change.Hence,94 samples of river water were collected from 2018 to 2020 in the headwaters of the Shule River Basin to assess the nutrients spatiotemporal distribution and combined ap-proach of water quality index to assess water quality and potential sources.The findings depict that high nutrient concentrations were found to coincide with snowmelt and glacial meltwater and rainfall recharge periods,while total flux peaked from June to September due to increased runoff.Notably,total nitrogen(TN)concentrations were significantly higher near the town,primarily attributed to the replenishment of nitrate(NO_(3)^(‒)-N)from live-stock manure.The high total P(TP)was near the glacier,which was attributed to the transportation of glacial sediments into the river,and pH was another critical factor.N was the primary nutrient limiting factor for the growth of phytoplankton in river water.Although the migration and transport of nutrients have altered with climate change,river water quality is good in alpine mountains based on an overall evaluation.These findings contribute to enriching nutrient datasets and highlight the importance of water resource management and water quality assessment in sensitive and fragile alpine mountains.展开更多
Substrate and nutrient supply are essential for vegetable cultivation in greenhouse.The strategies for plant nutrient supply vary depending on the cultivation methods or substrate dosages employed.With the development...Substrate and nutrient supply are essential for vegetable cultivation in greenhouse.The strategies for plant nutrient supply vary depending on the cultivation methods or substrate dosages employed.With the development of mechanization,wide-row spacing substrate cultivation became an optimize mode of the greenhouse cucumber cultivation,aligning with the trend of intelligent agriculture.To determine the optimal nutrient solution supply amount(NS)and supply frequency(SF)for promoting the integrated growth of cucumber under wide-row spacing substrate cultivation,we explored the effects of substrate supply amount(SS),NS,and SF on cucumber yield,quality,and element utilization efficiency.A five-level quadratic orthogonal rotation combination design with three experimental factors(NS,SF,and SS)was implemented for 23 coupling treatments over three growing seasons,including spring(2022S and 2023S)and autumn(2022A).The technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS)combining weights based on game theory was applied to construct cucumber comprehensive growth evaluation model.Single and two experimental factors analyses revealed significant effects of single factors and the coupling of NS-SS,NS-SF and SS-SF on the integrated growth of cucumber for all three growing seasons.For the NS-SF-SS combination,the optimal parameters for comprehensive cucumber growth were determined as follows:levels of^(-1).68 for NS,-0.7 for SF,and^(-1).682 for SS in 2022A;-0.43 for NS,-0.06 for SF,and 0.34 for SS in 2022S;0.3 for NS,-0.02 for SF,and 0.04 for SS in 2023S.Furthermore,for SS ranges of 2.00-3.01,3.01-4.50,4.50-5.99,5.99-7.00(L·plant^(-1)),the corresponding NS and SF intervals maximizing cucumber integrated growth in spring were:0.28-0.30(L·plant^(-1))and 6(times·d^(-1)),0.26-0.30(L·plant^(-1))and 6(times·d^(-1)),0.25-0.30(L·plant^(-1))and 6(times·d^(-1)),0.23-0.30(L·plant^(-1))and 6(times·d^(-1)),respectively.With the same SS,the corresponding NS and SF intervals that maximized cucumber integrated growth in autumn were:0.10(L·plant^(-1))and 8(times·d^(-1)),0.18(L·plant^(-1))and 7(times·d^(-1)),0.30(L·plant^(-1))and 6(times·d^(-1)),0.49(L·plant^(-1))and 5(times·d^(-1)),respectively.The results provide a theoretical basis for solution management,and further in-depth research on cucumber cultivation.展开更多
[Objective] To provide scientific basis for high phosphorus efficiency cultivation and regulation of rice. [Method] Changbai9 （CB9） and Jijing81 （JJ81） were used as experimental materials for pot experiment, and f...[Objective] To provide scientific basis for high phosphorus efficiency cultivation and regulation of rice. [Method] Changbai9 （CB9） and Jijing81 （JJ81） were used as experimental materials for pot experiment, and five levels of phosphorus nutrient （ Po - P4 ） were set for each variety, the net photosynthesis rate, Chlorophyll Meter Readings （SPAD Readings）, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, intercellular CO2 concentration, and stomatal limitation were observed and compared between five different phosphorus levels at filling stage. [ Result] The net photosynthesis rate of CB9 reached the highest at P3, and was significantly different from other treatments （P 〈0.05）;the net photosynthesis rate of groups with phosphorus of J J81 were higher than that of the control group,and reached the highest at P,. The SPAD Readings of CB9 and JJ81 all achieved the highest at P3, and stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were all at first increased then decreased with the phosphor- us increased in CB9 and JJ81. With the phosphorus increased, intercellular CO2 concentration of CB9 decreased at first and then increased, while in JJ81 the trend was inversed,but the tendency of intercellular CO2 concentration were opposite to that of stomatal limitation in both culti- vars. [ Conclusion] Appropriate adding phosphorus could improve photosynthetic characteristic of rice flag-leaf,but displayed significant genotypic difference.展开更多
Leaf litter decomposition of liaotong oak (Quercus liaotungensis Koize) under temperate, subtropical and tropical forests was examined using a litter bag technique. Decomposition rates and release dynamics of nutrient...Leaf litter decomposition of liaotong oak (Quercus liaotungensis Koize) under temperate, subtropical and tropical forests was examined using a litter bag technique. Decomposition rates and release dynamics of nutrients Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn and P were observed separately at all three sites for I to 2 a periods. The leaf litter mass loss of liaotong oak was simulated with Olson's exponential model. Significant differences of leaf litter mass loss were found in forests of all three climate zones. Litter decomposition was accelerated with the increase of both annual mean precipitation and temperature. Our results agreed with other studies demonstrating that litter decomposition processes were greatly affected not only by soil organisms (including soil fauna and microorganisms), but also by chemical factors. These chemical factors were important for controlling the release of nutrients, especially elements of Fe and Mn. We also found that Fe and Mn content increased in semi-decayed leaf litter as litter mass decreased. This result was presumably due to chelating process which accumulated soil Fe and Mn ions into the decomposing litter. In conclusion, our study allowed us to determine the classification of the characteristics of different nutrient release patterns.展开更多
[ Objective] Correlation of microstructure of leaf sheath epidermis and nutrient composition of palm plants with the damage degree of red palm fiber elephant in four kinds of plants in Nanning were analyzed in order t...[ Objective] Correlation of microstructure of leaf sheath epidermis and nutrient composition of palm plants with the damage degree of red palm fiber elephant in four kinds of plants in Nanning were analyzed in order to control the occurrence and damage of this insect in Nanning. [Method] Taken 4 kinds of Palmae plants in Nanning including Ravenea fivulafis, Washingtonia filifera, Phoenix canafiensis, Roystonea regia （HBK.）O. F. Cook as materials, damage situation of the red palm fiber elephant was investigated, microstructure of leaf sheath epidermis and nutrient composition of palm plants were analyzed and determined. [ Result] The results showed that there was direct correlation between the microstructure of leaf sheath epidermis and nutrient composition with the physical resistance of palm plant against red palm fiber elephant. The extend of damage from red palm fiber elephant had negatively relation with the thickness of corneum and leaf epidermis. The damage degree caused by red palm fiber elephant increased with the content of crude protein, crude ash and nitrogen free extract increasing, also increased with the content of rude fiber decreasing. [Condusion] The damage degree of red palm fiber elephant had a relationship with microstructure of leaf sheath epidermis and nutrient composition of palm plants.展开更多
A litter bag study of needle (Abies veitchii Lindl. and A. mariesi Mast.) and leaf litter (Betula ermanii Cham. and B. corylifolia Regal. et Maxim.) conducted in a coniferous forest of Mt. Ontake, Japan showed the sim...A litter bag study of needle (Abies veitchii Lindl. and A. mariesi Mast.) and leaf litter (Betula ermanii Cham. and B. corylifolia Regal. et Maxim.) conducted in a coniferous forest of Mt. Ontake, Japan showed the similar qualities of two type litters in later stages (after the 30th month). Although the difference in remaining mass between the two litters was larger in later stage of decomposition and initial concentration of nutrients was different. The concentrations of carbon (C) fraction and nutrients between the two types of litter tended to similar in the later stages. The similar concentration trend of nutrients was due to different mechanisms. Nitrogen (N) was due to immobilization of fungi and binding with lignin. K and Mg were leaching elements. They were very easily affected in leaching process. In the later stage, they reached a similar concentration because of a balance with the soil concentration. Ca is a construction element, so its behavior has closely related to that of C fractions. Moreover, C fractions were lignified or humuified and remained similar in later stage, Ca was also became similar in concentration in the later stage.展开更多
Nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)are two essential nutrients that determine plant growth and many nutrient cycling processes.Increasing N and P deposition is an important driver of ecosystem changes.However,in contrast to ...Nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)are two essential nutrients that determine plant growth and many nutrient cycling processes.Increasing N and P deposition is an important driver of ecosystem changes.However,in contrast to numerous studies about the impacts of nutrient addition on forests and temperate grasslands,how plant foliar stoichiometry and nutrient resorption respond to N and P addition in alpine grasslands is poorly understood.Therefore,we conducted an N and P addition experiment(involving control,N addition,P addition,and N+P addition)in an alpine grassland on Kunlun Mountains(Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China)in 2016 and 2017 to investigate the changes in leaf nutrient concentrations(i.e.,leaf N,Leaf P,and leaf N:P ratio)and nutrient resorption efficiency of Seriphidium rhodanthum and Stipa capillata,which are dominant species in this grassland.Results showed that N addition has significant effects on soil inorganic N(NO_(3)^(-)-N and NH_(4)^(+)-N)and leaf N of both species in the study periods.Compared with green leaves,leaf nutrient concentrations and nutrient resorption efficiency in senesced leaves of S.rhodanthum was more sensitive to N addition,whereas N addition influenced leaf N and leaf N:P ratio in green and senesced leaves of S.capillata.N addition did not influence N resorption efficiency of the two species.P addition and N+P addition significantly improved leaf P and had a negative effect on P resorption efficiency of the two species in the study period.These influences on plants can be explained by increasing P availability.The present results illustrated that the two species are more sensitive to P addition than N addition,which implies that P is the major limiting factor in the studied alpine grassland ecosystem.In addition,an interactive effect of N+P addition was only discernable with respect to soil availability,but did not affect plants.Therefore,exploring how nutrient characteristics and resorption response to N and P addition in the alpine grassland is important to understand nutrient use strategy of plants in terrestrial ecosystems.展开更多
The five-year-old “Longanyou” trees were used as the experimental material to study the effects of different fertilization treatments. The nutrient contents in soil and leaves, fruit yield and quality were determine...The five-year-old “Longanyou” trees were used as the experimental material to study the effects of different fertilization treatments. The nutrient contents in soil and leaves, fruit yield and quality were determined, and then the correlations were analyzed. The results showed that: 1) The soil nutrient contents of 0 - 20 cm depth were more than the 20 - 40 cm, and the trends of nutrient contents of the 0 - 20 cm soil layers were as follows: treatment 2 (T2) > treatment 3 (T3) > treatment 4 (T4) > treatment 1(T1) > control (CK). However, the 20 - 40 cm depth had not significant difference between different treatments, but T2, T4 and T3 were higher than T1 and CK. It indicated that the soil effective nutrient content increased in T2 and T3. 2) Compared with the control, the content of K and B elements was improved obviously in leaves with the increase of organic manure application. The contents of P (1.60 g·kg-1), B (26.00 mg·kg-1) and Mg (1.18 g·kg-1) were the highest, and other nutrients contents were also higher, indicating that T2 could effectively improve the leaves’ nutrient contents. 3) The fruit yield per plant was the highest in T2 (95.40 kg plant-1), and the single fruit weight, total sugar, sugar and acid ratio, vitamin C were also the highest, but titratable acid was lower. It indicated that T2 effectively improved fruit yield and quality. 4) There were positive correlations between multiple factors of soil nutrients and the quality index, such as fruit peel thickness, total sugar, solid acid ratio, sugar and acid ratio, Vc content and single yield etc. There was significant correlation between K, B, Zn, Fe contents and fruit yield and quality index, and the contents of B, Zn and Fe in leaves were significantly correlated with soil nutrient, indicating that the contents of K, B, Zn, Fe in soil and leaf were closely related to fruit yield and quality. In sum, the T2 was the best fertilization scheme for orchard management practice of “Longanyou”.展开更多
Nutrient resorption before abscission is an important nutrient conservation mechanism regulated by climatic conditions and soil nutrients. However, our current understanding of leaf nutrient resorption is primarily de...Nutrient resorption before abscission is an important nutrient conservation mechanism regulated by climatic conditions and soil nutrients. However, our current understanding of leaf nutrient resorption is primarily derived from site-specific studies or from the use of greenleaf nutrient concentrations to represent those in soils. It remains unknown how nutrient resorption responds to natural soil-nutrient concentrations at a global scale. The effects of plant functional groups, climatic conditions, and soil nutrients and their interactions on leaf nutrient resorption are also unknown. In this study, we established a global database derived from 85 published papers, including 547 reports of nitrogen and phosphorus resorption efficiency （NRE and PRE）, climatic factors （LAT, latitude; MAT, mean annual temperature; MAP, mean annual precipitation） and soil-nutrient data （STN, soil total nitrogen; STP, soil total phosphorus） across 111 research sites. The results demonstrated that mean NRE and PRE were 48.4 and 53.3%, respectively. NRE of trees was lower than those of shrubs. NRE and PRE of coniferous species were both higher than those of broad-leaved species. Evergreen species had higher PRE than did deciduous species. NRE was negatively related to STN, but PRE and STP were not related. Both NRE and PRE decreased with increasing MAT and MAP but increased with increasing LAT. Plant functional groups, climate and soil nutrients jointly explained 22 and 32% of the variations in NRE and PRE, respectively. It is important to note that climate （especially MAT） explained 12 and 29% of the variations in NRE and PRE, respectively, implying that continuing global warming will exert an increasingly profound influence on plant nutrient cycles.展开更多
Using Chinese cabbage and rape as test material and examining the same soil conditions at different seasons（spring and autumn）, the effects of mixed rare earth fertilizer on the yield and nutrient quality of leafy v...Using Chinese cabbage and rape as test material and examining the same soil conditions at different seasons（spring and autumn）, the effects of mixed rare earth fertilizer on the yield and nutrient quality of leafy vegetables were studied to provide a theoretical basis for the application of mixed rare earth fertilizer in agriculture. Results showed a seasonal difference in the nutrient quality of Chinese cabbage and rape. For crops planted in autumn, the soluble sugar and vitamin C content were higher, the titratable acid and nitrate content were lower, and the sugar acid ratio was higher relative to crops planted in spring. Mixed rare earth treatments promoted growth of both crops during both seasons. The plot yield, stem and leaf fresh and dry matter weight, and dry and fresh ratio increased. These increases for Chinese cabbage were greater in autumn than in spring while for rape, the increases were greater in spring than autumn. The soluble sugar content, titratable acid content and sugar acid ratio were increased and the nitrate content decreased, in autumn the effects were more obvious than in spring. In spring, the vitamin C content was increased, and the increase was greater for Chinese cabbage than rape. In autumn, the vitamin C content decreased, and the decrease was greater for rape than Chinese cabbage. At the same time, the content of heavy metals such as Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and Ni in stems and leaves decreased. This decrease was greater in spring for Chinese cabbage and in autumn for rape.展开更多
Plant macronutrient distribution in podzolized sands of the Amazon caatinga has received attention in several studies;however, the distribution of micronutrients has not been assessed. Soil micronutrient availability ...Plant macronutrient distribution in podzolized sands of the Amazon caatinga has received attention in several studies;however, the distribution of micronutrients has not been assessed. Soil micronutrient availability has been hypothesized to reflect contrasting habitat characteristics as well as fundamental differences in substrate, and leaf micronutrient composition may reflect the macronutrient content needed to maintain balance for leaf cell functions. In this study, soil and leaf samples were obtained in a toposequence (valley, slope, and mound). Available soil micro- and macronutrients as well as total leaf content were measured by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer and mass spectroscopy. Soil Zn (-1) and B (-1) as well as Cu (-1) levels were very low. Soil Mn was low in the valleys and slopes (0.62-0.87 mg·kg-1), but higher in the mound (6.59 mg·kg-1). Soil Fe (11.48-21.13 mg·kg-1) was well above the critical level in all of the habitats. Leaf micronutrients Cu, B, Zn, and Fe were below the critical levels for tropical crops of 3-7, 20-70, 15-20, and 72 mg·kg-1, respectively. Leaf Mn (88 mg·kg-1) and Al (<50 mg·kg-1) were below the accumulators level. A strong relationship between leaf micro- and macronutrients suggests the maintenance of a homeostatic elemental composition, which may favour photosynthetic function. Therefore, the local distribution of species may be shaped by their abilities to maintain a balance of micronutrient collected through roots under critically low levels of available Zn, B, and Cu whilst excluding potentially deleterious ions of Mn, Fe, and Al.展开更多
Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Dalbergia, sissoo Roxb., and Melia azedarach L. are little studied species in nutrient return capabilities from leaf litter decomposition to maintenance of the soil fertility despite their ...Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Dalbergia, sissoo Roxb., and Melia azedarach L. are little studied species in nutrient return capabilities from leaf litter decomposition to maintenance of the soil fertility despite their importance in agroforestry practices of Bangladesh. A leaf litter decomposition experiment was conducted using a litterbag teeh7 nique to assess the nutrient reaun efficiency of these species. The de- composition rate of leaf litter was highest for M. azedarach and lowest for D. sissoo. Rainfall and temperature of study sites showed a significant （p〈0.05） positive relationship with the rate of leaf litter decomposition. The highest decay constant was observed for M. azedarach （6.67）. Nitrogen and Phosphorus concentration in leaf litter showed a decreased trend sharply at the end of the first month, whereas rapid decrease of Potassium concentration was reported within 10 days. Conversely, higher concentration of nutrient was observed at the later stages of decomposition. All three species showed a similar pattern of nutrient release （K 〉 N 〉 P） during the decomposition process of leaf litter. Among the studied species, D. sissoo was best in terms of N and P return and A. indica was best in terms of K return.展开更多
To better understand the effects of forest suc- cession on soil microbial activity, a comparison of soil microbial properties and nutrients was conducted between three forest types representing a natural forest succes...To better understand the effects of forest suc- cession on soil microbial activity, a comparison of soil microbial properties and nutrients was conducted between three forest types representing a natural forest succession chronosequence. The study compared a pine （Pinus mas- soniana） forest （PF）, a pine and broadleaf mixed forest （MF） and an evergreen broadleaf forest （BF）, in the Yingzuijie Biosphere Reserve, Hunan Province, China. Results showed that soil nutrients in the MF and BF plots were higher than in the PF plots. The range in microbial biomass carbon followed a similar pattem with Be havingthe greatest values, 522-1022 mg kg-1, followed by Mr 368-569 mg kg-1, and finally, PF 193--449 mg kg-1. Soil nutrients were more strongly correlated with microbial biomass carbon than basal respiration or metabolic quo- tient. Overall, forest succession in the study site improved soil microbial properties and soil fertility, which in turn can increase primary productivity and carbon sequestration.展开更多
The monthly dynamics of nitrogen （N） and phosphorus （P） concentrations and stocks in leaves, resorption efficiency, and resorption proficiency as well as leaf-level use efficiency, nutrient productivity, and mean ...The monthly dynamics of nitrogen （N） and phosphorus （P） concentrations and stocks in leaves, resorption efficiency, and resorption proficiency as well as leaf-level use efficiency, nutrient productivity, and mean residence time were studied to understand the effect of stem density of dwarf bamboo （Fargesia denudata Yi） on leaf-level N and P use efficiency in three dwarf bamboo stands with different stem densities under bamboo-fir （Picea puvpurea Mast.） forest over one growing period in the Wanglang National Nature Reserve, Sichuan, China. Dwarf bamboo density had little effect on the dynamics pattern of both N and P concentrations, stocks, resorption efficiency, and resorption proficiency, but strongly affected their absolute values and leaf-level use efficiency. Higher density stands stored more nutrients but had lower concentrations. There was a clear difference in the resorption of limiting nutrient （N） and non-limiting nutrient （P） among the stands. Phosphorus resorption efficiency, N resorption proficiency, and P resorption proficiency increased with increase of stem density, but no significant variation of N resorption efficiency was found among the stands. Moreover, the higher density stands used both N and P more efficiently with higher N productivity and higher P mean residence time, respectively. Higher P productivity was found in the lower density stands, but there was no clear variation in the N mean residence time among stands. These suggested that the higher density stands may have more efficient strategies for utilizing nutrients, especially those which are limiting .展开更多
In China, little information is known about the nutrient requirements of jackfruits and the traditional nutrient management usually depends on the experience. Therefore, in this study, an attempt was made to standardi...In China, little information is known about the nutrient requirements of jackfruits and the traditional nutrient management usually depends on the experience. Therefore, in this study, an attempt was made to standardize the leaf sampling technique and the suitable range of leaf nutrient concentrations for jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) nutrient status diagnosis. The sampling result was affected by canopy height, leaf age and time of sampling. Therefore, the three factors were studied. The results illustrated that the stability in level of nutrient concentrations was in 3 - 6 month-old leaves from the central part of the canopy. The most stable period was from April to May for leaf sampling. It was recommended that the stable intracanopy and stable period of nutrient concentrations could be used as the standards of leaf sampling technique. Based on the leaf sampling technique, the standard of leaf nutrient concentrations was summarized, and could be used as the standard of nutrient suitability evaluation.展开更多
The present study was based on the general hypothesis that boron may affect the accumulation and utilization of other nutrients in plant. For this purpose a field experiment was carried out to find out the influence o...The present study was based on the general hypothesis that boron may affect the accumulation and utilization of other nutrients in plant. For this purpose a field experiment was carried out to find out the influence of boron on the different nutrients content in FCV tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) at TRS Khan Garhi, Mardan, during 2010-2011. Two varieties TM-2008 and Speight G-28 were tested and six levels of boron (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 5 kg·ha-1) were applied in the form of boric acid, in randomized complete block design in split plot arrangement and replicated thrice. Results indicated that the yield of tobacco crop increased with 1 kg·B·ha-1 and then decreased sequence wise in both varieties. N and P concentrations were significantly affected by applied boron. Similarly, potassium was increased which is a good indication for a better quality of tobacco crop. Application of boron significantly increased the concentrations of boron nutrients ratios such as K/B;Cl/B and Mn/Fe were decreased while K/Cl and Zn/Cu ratios were increased at lower boron concentrations but decreased at higher concentrations of boron. The fertilizer use efficiency of both the cultivars showed similar trend;however, Speight G-28 was more efficient than TM-2008 in boron accumulation. The overall results revealed that the application of boron should be encouraged for balancing nutrients concentration, thus getting higher yield in the prevailing conditions.展开更多
The response of soil fauna to the litter decomposition process has received considerable attention,but this effect has not been fully examined in agroforestry systems.A 1-year in situ decomposition experiment was carr...The response of soil fauna to the litter decomposition process has received considerable attention,but this effect has not been fully examined in agroforestry systems.A 1-year in situ decomposition experiment was carried out in a pure ginkgo plantation and two ginkgo agroforestry systems using a litterbag method(11 different treatments were tested in three systems).We found that the application of different organic materials(crop residues)produced positive effects on the number of soil fauna in the ginkgo planting systems;the mixture of ginkgo leaves and corn leaves was the best performing treatment.Collembola and Acarina were the predominant groups in the litter bags and were mainly responsible for the differences among the treatments.Litter mixing promoted the abundance,richness,and diversity of soil fauna,and significant differences regarding the Shannon–Wiener index of the soil fauna were observed among the 11 treatments in July.Significantly higher soil MBC(microbial biomass carbon)and MBN(microbial biomass nitrogen)were observed in agroforestry systems than in pure ginkgo plantations.These results suggest that the practice of intercrop residue application plays an important role in enhancing soil ecosystem function in ginkgo agroforestry systems and may ultimately contribute to sustainable intercrop production,soil fertility,and local economic diversity.展开更多
文摘Publisher Correction to:Journal of Forestry Research(2025)36:29 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-025-01823-0 In Fig.4c of this article,the lower part of the figure was unintentionally cropped and incomplete during the publisher's production process.The published incorrect version and the corrected version of Fig.4 are given below.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.42107299).
文摘To better understand the effects of ground-level ozone(O_(3))on nutrients and stoichiometry in different plant organs,urban tree species Celtis sinensis,Cyclocarya paliu-rus,Quercus acutissima,and Quercus nuttallii were sub-jected to a constant exposure to charcoal-filtered air(CF),nonfiltered air(NF),or NF+40,60,or 80 nmol O_(3)mol^(-1)(NF40,NF60,and NF80)starting early in the summer of the growing season.At the end of summer,net CO_(2)assimila-tion rate(A),stomatal conductance(gs),leaf mass per area(LMA),and/or leaf greenness(SPAD)either were not sig-nificantly affected by elevated O_(3)or were even higher in some cases during the summer compared with the CF or NF controls.LMA was significantly lower in autumn only after the highest O_(3)exposures.Compared to NF,NF40 caused a large increase in gs across species in late summer and more K and Mn in stems.At the end of the growing season,nutri-ent status and stoichiometric ratios in different organs were variously altered under O_(3)stress;many changes were large and often species-specific.Across O_(3)treatments,LMA was primarily associated with C and Mg levels in leaves and Ca levels in leaves and stems.NF40 enriched K,P,Fe,and Mn in stems,relative to NF,and NF60 enhanced Ca in leaves relative to CF and NF40.Moreover,NF resulted in a higher Ca/Mg ratio in leaves of Q.acutissima only,relative to the other O_(3)regimes.Interestingly,across species,O_(3)stress led to different nutrient modifications in different organs(stems+branches vs leaves).Thus,ambient and/or elevated O_(3)exposures can alter the dynamics and distribution of nutrients and disrupt stoichiometry in different organs in a species-specific manner.Changes in stoichiometry reflect an important defense mechanism in plants under O_(3),and O_(3)pollution adds more risk to ecological stoichiometries in urban areas.
基金Supported by China Agricultural Industry Research System(CARS-30-Z-02)Innovation Team Construction of Hebei Agricultural Industry Research System(HBCT2024160205)+2 种基金Modern Seed Industry Technology Innovation Team Project for Hot Fruit Punch(21326310D)Science and Technology Innovation Special Project of Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences(2022KJCXZX-CGS-6)Fundamental Research Fund Project of Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences(2025020102).
文摘[Objectives]To clarify the effects of varying potassium application rates on leaf growth and soil mineral nutrients of greenhouse peaches,and to identify the optimal potassium fertilizer dosage.[Methods]Using the greenhouse peach superior line C26-7-17 as the test material and maintaining a fixed ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers,five potassium fertilizer treatment groups were established.The application rates of potassium sulfate were 0,67,135,202,and 269 g/plant,respectively.The regulatory effects of varying potassium application rates were analyzed by measuring leaf area,chlorophyll content,and soil mineral element content.[Results]Applying nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizers in specific proportions increased the leaf area of greenhouse peaches,enhanced chlorophyll content,and significantly improved the soil s nutritional status.Considering the overall optimization of soil nutrients,the recommended potassium fertilizer dosage under the experimental conditions was 202 g/plant.[Conclusions]This study offers theoretical insights that may enhance the quality and efficiency of greenhouse peaches,as well as inform nutrient management strategies.
基金supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(STEP)(No.2019QZKK0208)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42171148 and 42330512)the Key R&D Project from the Science and Technology Department of Tibet(No.XZ202501ZY0030).
文摘Nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)are essential nutrients and can significantly impact primary productivity of the ecosystem causing water environmental problems.However,their cycling mechanisms are not well understood in alpine mountains with climate change.Hence,94 samples of river water were collected from 2018 to 2020 in the headwaters of the Shule River Basin to assess the nutrients spatiotemporal distribution and combined ap-proach of water quality index to assess water quality and potential sources.The findings depict that high nutrient concentrations were found to coincide with snowmelt and glacial meltwater and rainfall recharge periods,while total flux peaked from June to September due to increased runoff.Notably,total nitrogen(TN)concentrations were significantly higher near the town,primarily attributed to the replenishment of nitrate(NO_(3)^(‒)-N)from live-stock manure.The high total P(TP)was near the glacier,which was attributed to the transportation of glacial sediments into the river,and pH was another critical factor.N was the primary nutrient limiting factor for the growth of phytoplankton in river water.Although the migration and transport of nutrients have altered with climate change,river water quality is good in alpine mountains based on an overall evaluation.These findings contribute to enriching nutrient datasets and highlight the importance of water resource management and water quality assessment in sensitive and fragile alpine mountains.
基金supported by the China Agriculture Research System(Grant No.CARS-23-D06)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(Grant Nos.2024NC2-GJHX-29 and 2024NC-ZDCYL-05-08)Shaanxi Agricultural Collaborative Innovation and Extension Alliance Project(Grant No.LMZD202202).
文摘Substrate and nutrient supply are essential for vegetable cultivation in greenhouse.The strategies for plant nutrient supply vary depending on the cultivation methods or substrate dosages employed.With the development of mechanization,wide-row spacing substrate cultivation became an optimize mode of the greenhouse cucumber cultivation,aligning with the trend of intelligent agriculture.To determine the optimal nutrient solution supply amount(NS)and supply frequency(SF)for promoting the integrated growth of cucumber under wide-row spacing substrate cultivation,we explored the effects of substrate supply amount(SS),NS,and SF on cucumber yield,quality,and element utilization efficiency.A five-level quadratic orthogonal rotation combination design with three experimental factors(NS,SF,and SS)was implemented for 23 coupling treatments over three growing seasons,including spring(2022S and 2023S)and autumn(2022A).The technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS)combining weights based on game theory was applied to construct cucumber comprehensive growth evaluation model.Single and two experimental factors analyses revealed significant effects of single factors and the coupling of NS-SS,NS-SF and SS-SF on the integrated growth of cucumber for all three growing seasons.For the NS-SF-SS combination,the optimal parameters for comprehensive cucumber growth were determined as follows:levels of^(-1).68 for NS,-0.7 for SF,and^(-1).682 for SS in 2022A;-0.43 for NS,-0.06 for SF,and 0.34 for SS in 2022S;0.3 for NS,-0.02 for SF,and 0.04 for SS in 2023S.Furthermore,for SS ranges of 2.00-3.01,3.01-4.50,4.50-5.99,5.99-7.00(L·plant^(-1)),the corresponding NS and SF intervals maximizing cucumber integrated growth in spring were:0.28-0.30(L·plant^(-1))and 6(times·d^(-1)),0.26-0.30(L·plant^(-1))and 6(times·d^(-1)),0.25-0.30(L·plant^(-1))and 6(times·d^(-1)),0.23-0.30(L·plant^(-1))and 6(times·d^(-1)),respectively.With the same SS,the corresponding NS and SF intervals that maximized cucumber integrated growth in autumn were:0.10(L·plant^(-1))and 8(times·d^(-1)),0.18(L·plant^(-1))and 7(times·d^(-1)),0.30(L·plant^(-1))and 6(times·d^(-1)),0.49(L·plant^(-1))and 5(times·d^(-1)),respectively.The results provide a theoretical basis for solution management,and further in-depth research on cucumber cultivation.
基金Supported by Key Technique Research on Middle and Low Yield Paddy Field Improvement in Jilin Middle Part(20096026)~~
文摘[Objective] To provide scientific basis for high phosphorus efficiency cultivation and regulation of rice. [Method] Changbai9 （CB9） and Jijing81 （JJ81） were used as experimental materials for pot experiment, and five levels of phosphorus nutrient （ Po - P4 ） were set for each variety, the net photosynthesis rate, Chlorophyll Meter Readings （SPAD Readings）, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, intercellular CO2 concentration, and stomatal limitation were observed and compared between five different phosphorus levels at filling stage. [ Result] The net photosynthesis rate of CB9 reached the highest at P3, and was significantly different from other treatments （P 〈0.05）;the net photosynthesis rate of groups with phosphorus of J J81 were higher than that of the control group,and reached the highest at P,. The SPAD Readings of CB9 and JJ81 all achieved the highest at P3, and stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were all at first increased then decreased with the phosphor- us increased in CB9 and JJ81. With the phosphorus increased, intercellular CO2 concentration of CB9 decreased at first and then increased, while in JJ81 the trend was inversed,but the tendency of intercellular CO2 concentration were opposite to that of stomatal limitation in both culti- vars. [ Conclusion] Appropriate adding phosphorus could improve photosynthetic characteristic of rice flag-leaf,but displayed significant genotypic difference.
文摘Leaf litter decomposition of liaotong oak (Quercus liaotungensis Koize) under temperate, subtropical and tropical forests was examined using a litter bag technique. Decomposition rates and release dynamics of nutrients Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn and P were observed separately at all three sites for I to 2 a periods. The leaf litter mass loss of liaotong oak was simulated with Olson's exponential model. Significant differences of leaf litter mass loss were found in forests of all three climate zones. Litter decomposition was accelerated with the increase of both annual mean precipitation and temperature. Our results agreed with other studies demonstrating that litter decomposition processes were greatly affected not only by soil organisms (including soil fauna and microorganisms), but also by chemical factors. These chemical factors were important for controlling the release of nutrients, especially elements of Fe and Mn. We also found that Fe and Mn content increased in semi-decayed leaf litter as litter mass decreased. This result was presumably due to chelating process which accumulated soil Fe and Mn ions into the decomposing litter. In conclusion, our study allowed us to determine the classification of the characteristics of different nutrient release patterns.
基金Supported by Guangxi Agricultural College Science Topics(B070206)~~
文摘[ Objective] Correlation of microstructure of leaf sheath epidermis and nutrient composition of palm plants with the damage degree of red palm fiber elephant in four kinds of plants in Nanning were analyzed in order to control the occurrence and damage of this insect in Nanning. [Method] Taken 4 kinds of Palmae plants in Nanning including Ravenea fivulafis, Washingtonia filifera, Phoenix canafiensis, Roystonea regia （HBK.）O. F. Cook as materials, damage situation of the red palm fiber elephant was investigated, microstructure of leaf sheath epidermis and nutrient composition of palm plants were analyzed and determined. [ Result] The results showed that there was direct correlation between the microstructure of leaf sheath epidermis and nutrient composition with the physical resistance of palm plant against red palm fiber elephant. The extend of damage from red palm fiber elephant had negatively relation with the thickness of corneum and leaf epidermis. The damage degree caused by red palm fiber elephant increased with the content of crude protein, crude ash and nitrogen free extract increasing, also increased with the content of rude fiber decreasing. [Condusion] The damage degree of red palm fiber elephant had a relationship with microstructure of leaf sheath epidermis and nutrient composition of palm plants.
文摘A litter bag study of needle (Abies veitchii Lindl. and A. mariesi Mast.) and leaf litter (Betula ermanii Cham. and B. corylifolia Regal. et Maxim.) conducted in a coniferous forest of Mt. Ontake, Japan showed the similar qualities of two type litters in later stages (after the 30th month). Although the difference in remaining mass between the two litters was larger in later stage of decomposition and initial concentration of nutrients was different. The concentrations of carbon (C) fraction and nutrients between the two types of litter tended to similar in the later stages. The similar concentration trend of nutrients was due to different mechanisms. Nitrogen (N) was due to immobilization of fungi and binding with lignin. K and Mg were leaching elements. They were very easily affected in leaching process. In the later stage, they reached a similar concentration because of a balance with the soil concentration. Ca is a construction element, so its behavior has closely related to that of C fractions. Moreover, C fractions were lignified or humuified and remained similar in later stage, Ca was also became similar in concentration in the later stage.
基金This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41807335)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(ZR2020MC040)+2 种基金the National Key Technology Research and Development Program of China(2019YFC0507602-2)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(2020434)the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(BX201700279).
文摘Nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)are two essential nutrients that determine plant growth and many nutrient cycling processes.Increasing N and P deposition is an important driver of ecosystem changes.However,in contrast to numerous studies about the impacts of nutrient addition on forests and temperate grasslands,how plant foliar stoichiometry and nutrient resorption respond to N and P addition in alpine grasslands is poorly understood.Therefore,we conducted an N and P addition experiment(involving control,N addition,P addition,and N+P addition)in an alpine grassland on Kunlun Mountains(Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China)in 2016 and 2017 to investigate the changes in leaf nutrient concentrations(i.e.,leaf N,Leaf P,and leaf N:P ratio)and nutrient resorption efficiency of Seriphidium rhodanthum and Stipa capillata,which are dominant species in this grassland.Results showed that N addition has significant effects on soil inorganic N(NO_(3)^(-)-N and NH_(4)^(+)-N)and leaf N of both species in the study periods.Compared with green leaves,leaf nutrient concentrations and nutrient resorption efficiency in senesced leaves of S.rhodanthum was more sensitive to N addition,whereas N addition influenced leaf N and leaf N:P ratio in green and senesced leaves of S.capillata.N addition did not influence N resorption efficiency of the two species.P addition and N+P addition significantly improved leaf P and had a negative effect on P resorption efficiency of the two species in the study period.These influences on plants can be explained by increasing P availability.The present results illustrated that the two species are more sensitive to P addition than N addition,which implies that P is the major limiting factor in the studied alpine grassland ecosystem.In addition,an interactive effect of N+P addition was only discernable with respect to soil availability,but did not affect plants.Therefore,exploring how nutrient characteristics and resorption response to N and P addition in the alpine grassland is important to understand nutrient use strategy of plants in terrestrial ecosystems.
文摘The five-year-old “Longanyou” trees were used as the experimental material to study the effects of different fertilization treatments. The nutrient contents in soil and leaves, fruit yield and quality were determined, and then the correlations were analyzed. The results showed that: 1) The soil nutrient contents of 0 - 20 cm depth were more than the 20 - 40 cm, and the trends of nutrient contents of the 0 - 20 cm soil layers were as follows: treatment 2 (T2) > treatment 3 (T3) > treatment 4 (T4) > treatment 1(T1) > control (CK). However, the 20 - 40 cm depth had not significant difference between different treatments, but T2, T4 and T3 were higher than T1 and CK. It indicated that the soil effective nutrient content increased in T2 and T3. 2) Compared with the control, the content of K and B elements was improved obviously in leaves with the increase of organic manure application. The contents of P (1.60 g·kg-1), B (26.00 mg·kg-1) and Mg (1.18 g·kg-1) were the highest, and other nutrients contents were also higher, indicating that T2 could effectively improve the leaves’ nutrient contents. 3) The fruit yield per plant was the highest in T2 (95.40 kg plant-1), and the single fruit weight, total sugar, sugar and acid ratio, vitamin C were also the highest, but titratable acid was lower. It indicated that T2 effectively improved fruit yield and quality. 4) There were positive correlations between multiple factors of soil nutrients and the quality index, such as fruit peel thickness, total sugar, solid acid ratio, sugar and acid ratio, Vc content and single yield etc. There was significant correlation between K, B, Zn, Fe contents and fruit yield and quality index, and the contents of B, Zn and Fe in leaves were significantly correlated with soil nutrient, indicating that the contents of K, B, Zn, Fe in soil and leaf were closely related to fruit yield and quality. In sum, the T2 was the best fertilization scheme for orchard management practice of “Longanyou”.
基金funded by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(2012CB416906)
文摘Nutrient resorption before abscission is an important nutrient conservation mechanism regulated by climatic conditions and soil nutrients. However, our current understanding of leaf nutrient resorption is primarily derived from site-specific studies or from the use of greenleaf nutrient concentrations to represent those in soils. It remains unknown how nutrient resorption responds to natural soil-nutrient concentrations at a global scale. The effects of plant functional groups, climatic conditions, and soil nutrients and their interactions on leaf nutrient resorption are also unknown. In this study, we established a global database derived from 85 published papers, including 547 reports of nitrogen and phosphorus resorption efficiency （NRE and PRE）, climatic factors （LAT, latitude; MAT, mean annual temperature; MAP, mean annual precipitation） and soil-nutrient data （STN, soil total nitrogen; STP, soil total phosphorus） across 111 research sites. The results demonstrated that mean NRE and PRE were 48.4 and 53.3%, respectively. NRE of trees was lower than those of shrubs. NRE and PRE of coniferous species were both higher than those of broad-leaved species. Evergreen species had higher PRE than did deciduous species. NRE was negatively related to STN, but PRE and STP were not related. Both NRE and PRE decreased with increasing MAT and MAP but increased with increasing LAT. Plant functional groups, climate and soil nutrients jointly explained 22 and 32% of the variations in NRE and PRE, respectively. It is important to note that climate （especially MAT） explained 12 and 29% of the variations in NRE and PRE, respectively, implying that continuing global warming will exert an increasingly profound influence on plant nutrient cycles.
基金Project supported by Items of Institution of Higher Education Scientific Research of Hebei Province(ZD20131020)Hebei Vegetable Innovation Projects of Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System and Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Qinhuangdao City
文摘Using Chinese cabbage and rape as test material and examining the same soil conditions at different seasons（spring and autumn）, the effects of mixed rare earth fertilizer on the yield and nutrient quality of leafy vegetables were studied to provide a theoretical basis for the application of mixed rare earth fertilizer in agriculture. Results showed a seasonal difference in the nutrient quality of Chinese cabbage and rape. For crops planted in autumn, the soluble sugar and vitamin C content were higher, the titratable acid and nitrate content were lower, and the sugar acid ratio was higher relative to crops planted in spring. Mixed rare earth treatments promoted growth of both crops during both seasons. The plot yield, stem and leaf fresh and dry matter weight, and dry and fresh ratio increased. These increases for Chinese cabbage were greater in autumn than in spring while for rape, the increases were greater in spring than autumn. The soluble sugar content, titratable acid content and sugar acid ratio were increased and the nitrate content decreased, in autumn the effects were more obvious than in spring. In spring, the vitamin C content was increased, and the increase was greater for Chinese cabbage than rape. In autumn, the vitamin C content decreased, and the decrease was greater for rape than Chinese cabbage. At the same time, the content of heavy metals such as Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and Ni in stems and leaves decreased. This decrease was greater in spring for Chinese cabbage and in autumn for rape.
文摘Plant macronutrient distribution in podzolized sands of the Amazon caatinga has received attention in several studies;however, the distribution of micronutrients has not been assessed. Soil micronutrient availability has been hypothesized to reflect contrasting habitat characteristics as well as fundamental differences in substrate, and leaf micronutrient composition may reflect the macronutrient content needed to maintain balance for leaf cell functions. In this study, soil and leaf samples were obtained in a toposequence (valley, slope, and mound). Available soil micro- and macronutrients as well as total leaf content were measured by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer and mass spectroscopy. Soil Zn (-1) and B (-1) as well as Cu (-1) levels were very low. Soil Mn was low in the valleys and slopes (0.62-0.87 mg·kg-1), but higher in the mound (6.59 mg·kg-1). Soil Fe (11.48-21.13 mg·kg-1) was well above the critical level in all of the habitats. Leaf micronutrients Cu, B, Zn, and Fe were below the critical levels for tropical crops of 3-7, 20-70, 15-20, and 72 mg·kg-1, respectively. Leaf Mn (88 mg·kg-1) and Al (<50 mg·kg-1) were below the accumulators level. A strong relationship between leaf micro- and macronutrients suggests the maintenance of a homeostatic elemental composition, which may favour photosynthetic function. Therefore, the local distribution of species may be shaped by their abilities to maintain a balance of micronutrient collected through roots under critically low levels of available Zn, B, and Cu whilst excluding potentially deleterious ions of Mn, Fe, and Al.
基金supported by Bangladesh Academy of Science and University Grants Commissions of Bangladesh
文摘Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Dalbergia, sissoo Roxb., and Melia azedarach L. are little studied species in nutrient return capabilities from leaf litter decomposition to maintenance of the soil fertility despite their importance in agroforestry practices of Bangladesh. A leaf litter decomposition experiment was conducted using a litterbag teeh7 nique to assess the nutrient reaun efficiency of these species. The de- composition rate of leaf litter was highest for M. azedarach and lowest for D. sissoo. Rainfall and temperature of study sites showed a significant （p〈0.05） positive relationship with the rate of leaf litter decomposition. The highest decay constant was observed for M. azedarach （6.67）. Nitrogen and Phosphorus concentration in leaf litter showed a decreased trend sharply at the end of the first month, whereas rapid decrease of Potassium concentration was reported within 10 days. Conversely, higher concentration of nutrient was observed at the later stages of decomposition. All three species showed a similar pattern of nutrient release （K 〉 N 〉 P） during the decomposition process of leaf litter. Among the studied species, D. sissoo was best in terms of N and P return and A. indica was best in terms of K return.
基金supported by International Science&Technology Cooperation Program of China(2012DFB30030)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA05050205)+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hunan province(2015JJ6050)Hunan forestry science and technology program(XLK201417)Youth Innovation Fund of Hunan Academy of forestry(2013LQJ08)The Twelfth Five-Year Plan in national science and technology for the environment field(2012BAC09B03-4)
文摘To better understand the effects of forest suc- cession on soil microbial activity, a comparison of soil microbial properties and nutrients was conducted between three forest types representing a natural forest succession chronosequence. The study compared a pine （Pinus mas- soniana） forest （PF）, a pine and broadleaf mixed forest （MF） and an evergreen broadleaf forest （BF）, in the Yingzuijie Biosphere Reserve, Hunan Province, China. Results showed that soil nutrients in the MF and BF plots were higher than in the PF plots. The range in microbial biomass carbon followed a similar pattem with Be havingthe greatest values, 522-1022 mg kg-1, followed by Mr 368-569 mg kg-1, and finally, PF 193--449 mg kg-1. Soil nutrients were more strongly correlated with microbial biomass carbon than basal respiration or metabolic quo- tient. Overall, forest succession in the study site improved soil microbial properties and soil fertility, which in turn can increase primary productivity and carbon sequestration.
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (No.2005CB422006)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.30771702)the Sino-Finland International Cooperative Program (No.30211130504)
文摘The monthly dynamics of nitrogen （N） and phosphorus （P） concentrations and stocks in leaves, resorption efficiency, and resorption proficiency as well as leaf-level use efficiency, nutrient productivity, and mean residence time were studied to understand the effect of stem density of dwarf bamboo （Fargesia denudata Yi） on leaf-level N and P use efficiency in three dwarf bamboo stands with different stem densities under bamboo-fir （Picea puvpurea Mast.） forest over one growing period in the Wanglang National Nature Reserve, Sichuan, China. Dwarf bamboo density had little effect on the dynamics pattern of both N and P concentrations, stocks, resorption efficiency, and resorption proficiency, but strongly affected their absolute values and leaf-level use efficiency. Higher density stands stored more nutrients but had lower concentrations. There was a clear difference in the resorption of limiting nutrient （N） and non-limiting nutrient （P） among the stands. Phosphorus resorption efficiency, N resorption proficiency, and P resorption proficiency increased with increase of stem density, but no significant variation of N resorption efficiency was found among the stands. Moreover, the higher density stands used both N and P more efficiently with higher N productivity and higher P mean residence time, respectively. Higher P productivity was found in the lower density stands, but there was no clear variation in the N mean residence time among stands. These suggested that the higher density stands may have more efficient strategies for utilizing nutrients, especially those which are limiting .
文摘In China, little information is known about the nutrient requirements of jackfruits and the traditional nutrient management usually depends on the experience. Therefore, in this study, an attempt was made to standardize the leaf sampling technique and the suitable range of leaf nutrient concentrations for jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) nutrient status diagnosis. The sampling result was affected by canopy height, leaf age and time of sampling. Therefore, the three factors were studied. The results illustrated that the stability in level of nutrient concentrations was in 3 - 6 month-old leaves from the central part of the canopy. The most stable period was from April to May for leaf sampling. It was recommended that the stable intracanopy and stable period of nutrient concentrations could be used as the standards of leaf sampling technique. Based on the leaf sampling technique, the standard of leaf nutrient concentrations was summarized, and could be used as the standard of nutrient suitability evaluation.
文摘The present study was based on the general hypothesis that boron may affect the accumulation and utilization of other nutrients in plant. For this purpose a field experiment was carried out to find out the influence of boron on the different nutrients content in FCV tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) at TRS Khan Garhi, Mardan, during 2010-2011. Two varieties TM-2008 and Speight G-28 were tested and six levels of boron (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 5 kg·ha-1) were applied in the form of boric acid, in randomized complete block design in split plot arrangement and replicated thrice. Results indicated that the yield of tobacco crop increased with 1 kg·B·ha-1 and then decreased sequence wise in both varieties. N and P concentrations were significantly affected by applied boron. Similarly, potassium was increased which is a good indication for a better quality of tobacco crop. Application of boron significantly increased the concentrations of boron nutrients ratios such as K/B;Cl/B and Mn/Fe were decreased while K/Cl and Zn/Cu ratios were increased at lower boron concentrations but decreased at higher concentrations of boron. The fertilizer use efficiency of both the cultivars showed similar trend;however, Speight G-28 was more efficient than TM-2008 in boron accumulation. The overall results revealed that the application of boron should be encouraged for balancing nutrients concentration, thus getting higher yield in the prevailing conditions.
基金supported by the Agricultural Science and Technology Independent Innovation Funds of Jiangsu Province(CX(16)1005)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFD0600700)
文摘The response of soil fauna to the litter decomposition process has received considerable attention,but this effect has not been fully examined in agroforestry systems.A 1-year in situ decomposition experiment was carried out in a pure ginkgo plantation and two ginkgo agroforestry systems using a litterbag method(11 different treatments were tested in three systems).We found that the application of different organic materials(crop residues)produced positive effects on the number of soil fauna in the ginkgo planting systems;the mixture of ginkgo leaves and corn leaves was the best performing treatment.Collembola and Acarina were the predominant groups in the litter bags and were mainly responsible for the differences among the treatments.Litter mixing promoted the abundance,richness,and diversity of soil fauna,and significant differences regarding the Shannon–Wiener index of the soil fauna were observed among the 11 treatments in July.Significantly higher soil MBC(microbial biomass carbon)and MBN(microbial biomass nitrogen)were observed in agroforestry systems than in pure ginkgo plantations.These results suggest that the practice of intercrop residue application plays an important role in enhancing soil ecosystem function in ginkgo agroforestry systems and may ultimately contribute to sustainable intercrop production,soil fertility,and local economic diversity.
