Floodplain wetlands are invaluable ecosystems providing numerous ecological benefits,yet they face a global crisis necessitating sustainable preservation efforts.This study examines the depletion of floodplain wetland...Floodplain wetlands are invaluable ecosystems providing numerous ecological benefits,yet they face a global crisis necessitating sustainable preservation efforts.This study examines the depletion of floodplain wetlands within the Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary(HWLS)in Uttar Pradesh.Encroachment activities such as grazing,agriculture,and human settlements have fragmented and degraded critical wetland ecosystems.Additionally,irrigation projects,dam construction,and water diversion have disrupted natural water flow and availability.To assess wetland inundation in 2023,five classification techniques were employed:Random Forest(RF),Support Vector Machine(SVM),artificial neural network(ANN),Spectral Information Divergence(SID),and Maximum Likelihood Classifier(MLC).SVM emerged as the most precise method,as determined by kappa coefficient and index-based validation.Consequently,the SVM classifier was used to model wetland inundation areas from 1983 to 2023 and analyze spatiotemporal changes and fragmentation patterns.The findings revealed that the SVM clas-sifier accurately mapped 2023 wetland areas.The modeled time-series data demonstrated a 62.55%and 38.12%reduction in inundated wetland areas over the past 40 years in the pre-and post-monsoon periods,respectively.Fragmentation analysis indicated an 86.27%decrease in large core wetland areas in the pre-monsoon period,signifying severe habitat degradation.This rapid decline in wetlands within protected areas raises concerns about their ecological impacts.By linking wetland loss to global sustainability objectives,this study underscores the global urgency for strengthened wetland protection measures and highlights the need for integrating wetland conservation into broader sustainable development goals.Effective policies and adaptive management strategies are crucial for preserving these ecosystems and their vital services,which are essential for biodiversity,climate regulation,and human well-being.展开更多
The‘human-land relationship’has long been a central topic in geography,ecology,and social sciences.And dynamic monit-oring of the land use/cover change(LUCC)and landscape pattern studies of land use provide essentia...The‘human-land relationship’has long been a central topic in geography,ecology,and social sciences.And dynamic monit-oring of the land use/cover change(LUCC)and landscape pattern studies of land use provide essential theoretical support for this field.On the basis of physicogeographical regionalization and landscape ecology theory,this study proposed a method for characterizing land-scape pattern by using the minmium natural complex as the basic evaluation unit,constructing a four-level classification framework that included natural area,landscape region,landscape subregion,and landscape group.The method was tested in the Songhua River Basin,China,and the results revealed that:(1)the landscape pattern characterization in the Songhua River Basin validated the feasibility of the proposed method,and the use of the minimum natural complex as the basic measurement unit for landscape pattern characterization be-nefited research in this field.(2)The multiscale landscape pattern characterization system,which was framed around natural area,land-scape region,landscape subregion,and landscape group,accurately reflected the spatial heterogeneity of the physical geographic envir-onment and the impact of human activities on the landscape pattern in the Songhua River Basin.The nature-dominated landscape region was mainly concentrated in high-altitude mountainous and hilly areas,the human-dominated landscape region was located on plains and platforms,and the human-land interaction landscape region exhibited a landscape pattern that is closely related to natural factors such as temperature,precipitation,and soil.(3)The proposed method not only revealed the complex interactions between the physical geograph-ic environment and human activities but also provided scientific support for land use planning and ecological environment management.Future research should incorporate higher-resolution data and socioeconomic factors to further explore the dynamic changes in land-scape patterns and their impacts on the regional ecological environment.展开更多
Ecological security patterns are paramount to the advancement of an ecological civilization in China,aiming to enhance the stability and service functions of ecosystems to achieve sustainable regional development.Howe...Ecological security patterns are paramount to the advancement of an ecological civilization in China,aiming to enhance the stability and service functions of ecosystems to achieve sustainable regional development.However,current regional ecological protection efforts have not been effectively integrated into the regional development planning of ecological security pattern.This study systematically assessed the effectiveness of ecological protection projects in Yanchi County,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China,through the evaluation of landscape ecological quality.Based on the evaluation results of landscape ecological quality,this study used morphological pattern analysis(MSPA),minimum cumulative resistance(MCR)model,and gravity model together to construct the ecological security pattern of Yanchi County.The findings revealed that from 1990 to 2020,with the implementation of ecological protection projects started from 2000,the landscape stability of Yanchi County first decreased and then increased,and the intensity of landscape disturbance first intensified but then decreased,indicating an improvement in the landscape ecological quality and a significant enhancement of the ecological environment in Yanchi County.The ecological security pattern of Yanchi County consisted of 10 ecological sources,10 ecological source points,23 ecological corridors,and 27 ecological nodes.The ecological security pattern of Yanchi County exhibited distinct spatial variations,with stronger ecological security observed in the southern part than in northern part of the county.The ecological sources were denser in the southern part than in the northern part of the county,and accordingly,the length of ecological corridors was shorter and denser in the southern than that in the northern part of the county.Based on the spatial distribution of landscape ecological quality and the characteristics of ecological security pattern of Yanchi County in 2020,we suggested Yanchi County to build four zones to optimize the ecological security pattern construction:the Haba Lake ecological conservation zone,the urban ecological planning zone,the ecological environment restoration zone,and the ecological security improvement zone.This study can provide essential guidance for the construction of ecological security pattern in farming-pastoral areas both in China and worldwide.展开更多
Coastal salt marshes provide critical ecological services,including carbon sequestration.However,the landscape patterns,driving factors,and carbon dynamics associated with salt marsh losses and gains remain insufficie...Coastal salt marshes provide critical ecological services,including carbon sequestration.However,the landscape patterns,driving factors,and carbon dynamics associated with salt marsh losses and gains remain insufficiently explored,which is vital for effective restoration.This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of these aspects across China,with a focus on species-specific differences.Based on historical salt marsh data,landscape analysis was applied for identifying the spatiotemporal characteristics of changes.XGBoost algorithm was used for driving factor analysis.Carbon dynamics derived from salt marsh changes were estimated with statistical calculation.Our results indicated that the distribution patterns of salt marshes,as indicated by mean center,ellipse area,and landscape indices,varied significantly from 1985 to 2019,particularly between 2005 and 2010.Native species,such as Phragmites australis and Suaeda salsa,experienced significant losses with a 72% reduction,while exotic species Spartina alterniflora showed substantial gains with a 680-fold.Human disturbances emerged as the primary driver of these changes,with mean temperature and precipitation influencing certain regions and years.Overall,salt marsh changes resulted in a net emission of 68.1 Mt CO_(2),with the highest emission in Shandong and linked to the loss of Phragmites australis.Conversely,carbon sequestration equivalent to 11.1 Mt CO_(2)mainly resulted from the expansion of Spartina alterniflora,with Shanghai contributing the most.This species-specific and site-specific analysis of landscape patterns,drivers,and carbon dynamics in China could enhance our understanding of salt marsh changes and offer valuable insights for targeted restoration efforts at both local and national levels.展开更多
The traditional Feng Shui pattern embodies rich ecological wisdom and philosophical thoughts,which are of great significance to the modern sustainable space design.The core concepts of Feng Shui patterns from traditio...The traditional Feng Shui pattern embodies rich ecological wisdom and philosophical thoughts,which are of great significance to the modern sustainable space design.The core concepts of Feng Shui patterns from traditional civilization can provide a theoretical foundation and research framework for this study.By integrating these principles,such as“hiding the wind and gathering the Qi”and“backing the mountain and facing the water”,a functional relationship between urban structures can be established.This approach can help optimize the spatial layout of urban elements,minimize energy consumption,and enhance environmental comfort.It also examines the influence of the ShanShui City pattern in traditional Feng Shui on guiding the development of modern urban ecological networks,as well as its role in protecting and restoring biodiversity through ecological corridors and ecological nodes.The modern urban design of traditional Feng Shui culture focuses on the inheritance and innovation of riotous things and the combination of traditional Feng Shui concepts and modern design concepts to form ecological spaces with cultural connotation.This paper hopes to give some inspiration or methods for contemporary urban design and to reconcile the relationship between human and nature through these thoughts.展开更多
Xishui National Forest Park in Heilongjiang Province hosts China's most pristine temperate forests and serves as a key site for ecotourism and forest therapy.However,the emission patterns of phytoncides(key bio ac...Xishui National Forest Park in Heilongjiang Province hosts China's most pristine temperate forests and serves as a key site for ecotourism and forest therapy.However,the emission patterns of phytoncides(key bio active compounds) remain poorly understood,limiting their therapeutic application.This study provides the first comprehensive characterization of spatiotemporal dynamics in airborne phytoncides and their synergistic interactions with environmental factors throughout the autumn-early spring seasonal transition in a temperate forest ecosystem.We analyzed the compositional dynamics of phytoncides and terpenoid content variations using thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(TD-GC-MS) from September 2024 to March 2025.This period encompassed seasonal transitions from autumn to early spring,including diurnal variations in September and snowfall events in November.The method demonstrated detection limits(LODs) ranging from 1.35 to 5.33 ng m-3 and quantification limits(LOQs) from 4.09 to 16.15 ng m-3.Our results revealed pronounced seasonal fluctuations in phytoncide composition.In September,terpenoids,esters,alcohols,and alkanes displayed a diurnal "decrease-increase" trend,whereas aldehydes and ketones peaked at midday.Notably,esters and alcohols were undetectable in November and January.By January,terpenoids reached their lowest proportion(0.17±0.02%) at noon.Five terpenoids(α-pinene,myrcene,D-limonene,camphene,p-cymene) were detected in September,four(α-pinene,D-limonene,camphene,p-cymene) in November,two(D-limonene,p-cymene) in January,and only p-cymene in March.The total concentration and emission rate of the five terpenoids peaked in September afternoons at 1961.58±106.67 ng m^(-3) and653.86±35.56 ng m^(-3) h^(-1),respectively.Nocturnal emissions(32131.95±2522.21 ng m^(-3)) significantly surpassed daytime levels(14473.04±958.49 ng m^(-3)),with emission rates escalating from 1447.30±95.85 ng m^(-3) h^(-1)(day) to 5355.33±420.37 ng m^(-3) h^(-1)(night),marking a3.7-fold increase.Snowfall dramatically elevated terpenoid concentrations(pre-snowfall:158.58±14.12 ng m^(-3);post-snowfall:1080.57±57.76 ng m^(-3)) and emission rates(pre-snowfall:52.86±4.71 ng m^(-3) h^(-1);post-snowfall:360.19±19.25 ng m^(-3) h^(-1)),reflecting a 6.8-fold surge.This study underscores the profound influence of light intensity,seasonal shifts,and climatic conditions on airborne phytoncide levels,offering a scientific foundation for optimizing forest therapy and ecotourism strategies.展开更多
The performance of data restore is one of the key indicators of user experience for backup storage systems.Compared to the traditional offline restore process,online restore reduces downtime during backup restoration,...The performance of data restore is one of the key indicators of user experience for backup storage systems.Compared to the traditional offline restore process,online restore reduces downtime during backup restoration,allowing users to operate on already restored files while other files are still being restored.This approach improves availability during restoration tasks but suffers from a critical limitation:inconsistencies between the access sequence and the restore sequence.In many cases,the file a user needs to access at a given moment may not yet be restored,resulting in significant delays and poor user experience.To this end,we present Histore,which builds on the user’s historical access sequence to schedule the restore sequence,in order to reduce users’access delayed time.Histore includes three restore approaches:(i)the frequency-based approach,which restores files based on historical file access frequencies and prioritizes ensuring the availability of frequently accessed files;(ii)the graph-based approach,which preferentially restores the frequently accessed files as well as their correlated files based on historical access patterns,and(iii)the trie-based approach,which restores particular files based on both users’real-time and historical access patterns to deduce and restore the files to be accessed in the near future.We implement a prototype of Histore and evaluate its performance from multiple perspectives.Trace-driven experiments on two datasets show that Histore significantly reduces users’delay time by 4-700×with only 1.0%-14.5%additional performance overhead.展开更多
The rapidly aging population directly contributes to the increasing cases of neurological disorders.Due to the chronic progressive nature of neurodegeneration,numerous neurological conditions are considered“multifact...The rapidly aging population directly contributes to the increasing cases of neurological disorders.Due to the chronic progressive nature of neurodegeneration,numerous neurological conditions are considered“multifactorial”with systemic metabolic alterations.Even so,treatments for neurological disorders have remained unchanged for the past decades.Recently,metabolic drugs such as metformin and glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists have demonstrated promising health outcomes for neurodegeneration.展开更多
Tajikistan represents a core region of the biodiversity hotspot in Central Asian mountains and has exceptional vascular plant diversity.However,the species diversity of the country faces urgent conservation challenges...Tajikistan represents a core region of the biodiversity hotspot in Central Asian mountains and has exceptional vascular plant diversity.However,the species diversity of the country faces urgent conservation challenges.There has been a lack of a comprehensive and multidimensional assessment to inform strategic conservation planning.Therefore,this study integrated 4 key biodiversity indices including species richness(SR),phylogenetic diversity(PD),threatened species richness(TSR),and endemic species richness(ESR)to map species diversity distribution patterns,identify conservation gaps,and elucidate their effects of climatic factors.This study revealed that species diversity shows a clear trend of decreasing from the western region to the eastern region of Tajikistan.The central–western mountains(specifically the Gissar-Darvasian and Zeravshanian regions)emerge as irreplaceable biodiversity hotspots.However,we found a severe spatial mismatch between these priority areas and the existing protected areas(PAs).Protection coverage for all hotspots was alarmingly low,ranging from 31.00%to 38.00%.Consequently,a critical 64.80%of integrated priority areas fall outside of the current PAs,representing a major conservation gap.This study identified precipitation seasonality and isothermality as the principal drivers,collectively explaining over 50.00%of the diversity variation and suggesting high vulnerability to hydrological shifts.Furthermore,we detected significant geographic sampling bias in the public biodiversity databases,with the most critical hotspot being systematically under-sampled.This study provides a robust scientific basis for conservation action,highlighting the urgent need to strategically expand PAs in the under-protected southwestern region and to mitigate critical sampling gaps through targeted data digitization and field surveys.These measures are indispensable for securing Tajikistan’s unique biodiversity and achieving the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework Target 3(“30×30 Protection”).展开更多
A design idea for single-component metamaterial plates is proposed to achieve the thermal stability of flexural wave bandgap by the perforated and pre-curved patterns.The band structure analysis suggests that perforat...A design idea for single-component metamaterial plates is proposed to achieve the thermal stability of flexural wave bandgap by the perforated and pre-curved patterns.The band structure analysis suggests that perforation can release part of the in-plane thermal expansion to weaken the softening effect of thermal stress.Introducing precurved components to the perforated structure will stop the decrement of the bandgap frequency in thermal environment,and even make the frequency higher with appropriate structural parameters.The bending stiffness of the heated plate is enhanced by the thermal deflection induced stiffening effect of the pre-curved components.The segmented pre-curved component presents a strong ability to resist the thermal influence on the flexural wave bandgap.A simplified model is established for the local structure of the precurved component.The theoretical calculations explain the thermally induced frequency increment of the bandgap and the discrepancy in the thermal response between the two pre-curved models.The transmittance of flexural wave validates the effectiveness of the proposed design.展开更多
Human-modified landscapes serve as ecological filters,determining species distributions and persistence.Energy-efficient technologies,while crucial for climate change mitigation,represent novel filters whose impacts o...Human-modified landscapes serve as ecological filters,determining species distributions and persistence.Energy-efficient technologies,while crucial for climate change mitigation,represent novel filters whose impacts on synanthropic biodiversity are poorly understood.We investigated how attached sunspaces,a widely adopted energy-saving technology in rural China,filter the distribution of two ecologically important aerial insectivores,the Barn Swallow(Hirundo rustica)and Red-rumped Swallow(Cecropis daurica).We surveyed 106 villages during the 2024 and 2025 breeding seasons and recorded a total of 2323 nests(612 Barn Swallow,1711 Red-rumped Swallow).Using Generalized Linear Models,we assessed their responses to building characteristics,landscape composition and the prevalence of sunspaces.Barn Swallow nests preferred perches at the base and single attachment faces,while Red-rumped Swallow nests favored multiple attachment faces and avoided long shelters.The proportion of buildings with sunspaces acted as a strong positive filter for Barn Swallow nest abundance(+24%)but as a significant negative filter for Red-rumped Swallow(-51%).Other landscape variables(e.g.,human population density,NDVI,Human Footprint Index)were not significant.This study demonstrates that specific architectural innovations can act as powerful ecological filters,leading to divergent distributional outcomes for sympatric species reliant on anthropogenic structures.Our findings reveal a critical trade-off in sustainable development:energy efficiency gains may inadvertently reduce habitat suitability for certain species.To reconcile climate and biodiversity goals in rural landscapes,we advocate integrating species-specific habitat requirements into building design.We propose actionable modifications to sunspaces to support swallows without compromising energy savings.These principles provide a template for mitigating the distributional impacts of green infrastructure globally.展开更多
BACKGROUND Drug utilization research has an important role in assisting the healthcare administration to know,compute,and refine the prescription whose principal objective is to enable the rational use of drugs.Resear...BACKGROUND Drug utilization research has an important role in assisting the healthcare administration to know,compute,and refine the prescription whose principal objective is to enable the rational use of drugs.Research in developing nations relating to the cost of treatment is scarce when compared with developed countries.Thus,the drug utilization research studies from developing nations are most needed,and their number has been growing.AIM To evaluate patterns of utilization of antipsychotic drugs and direct medical cost analysis in patients newly diagnosed with schizophrenia.METHODS The present study was observational in type and based on a retrospective cohort to evaluate patterns of utilization of antipsychotic drugs using World Health Organization(WHO)core prescribing indicators and anatomical therapeutic chemical/defined daily dose indicators.We also calculated direct medical costs for a period of 6 months.RESULTS This study has found that atypical antipsychotics are the mainstay of treatment for schizophrenia in every age group and subcategories of schizophrenia.The evaluation based on WHO prescribing indicators showed a low average number of drugs per prescription and low prescribing frequency of antipsychotics from the National List of Essential Medicines 2015 and the WHO Essential Medicines List 2019.The total mean drug cost of our study was 1396 Indian rupees.The total mean cost due to the investigation in our study was 1017.34 Indian rupees.Therefore,the total mean direct medical cost incurred on patients in our study was 4337.28 Indian rupees.CONCLUSION The information from the present study can be used for reviewing and updating treatment policy at the institutional level.展开更多
Global grassland degradation necessitates the identification of sustainable grazing management strategies.In semi-arid regions,grazing exclusion(GE),cold-season grazing(CG),and free grazing(FG)represent common practic...Global grassland degradation necessitates the identification of sustainable grazing management strategies.In semi-arid regions,grazing exclusion(GE),cold-season grazing(CG),and free grazing(FG)represent common practices in grassland ecosystems,yet the long-term ecological consequences of these patterns on plant community structure and soil aggregate stability remain inadequately elucidated.In this study,we evaluated the effects of GE,CG,and FG on soil organic carbon,soil water content,soil bulk density,soil aggregates,and vegetation indicators in Xilamuren steppe,a semi-arid grassland in northern China through field sampling and laboratory analyses in 2024.Our findings revealed that,compared to CG and FG,GE significantly enhanced aboveground and belowground biomass,species diversity,and soil physical-chemical properties in the 0–30 cm layer.The dominant plant species in GE and CG sites were Stipa krylovii,Leymus chinensis,and Agropyron cristatum,whereas Stipa krylovii,Artemisia frigida,and Leymus chinensis were predominant in FG site.Different grazing patterns led to distinct soil aggregate distributions,with>2.00 and<0.25 mm aggregates exhibiting the highest content in different soil layers depending on the grazing patterns.All grazing management strategies significantly improved soil aggregate stability,with the overall stability following the order:GE>CG>FG.Furthermore,random forest modeling identified plant species diversity,plant growth traits,and grazing patterns as the primary determinants of soil aggregate stability.Collectively,these results offer valuable insights into the sustainable management and ecological restoration of semi-arid grasslands under different grazing pressures.展开更多
The intrinsic pressure framework,which treats self-propelling force as an external force,provides a convenient and consistent description of mechanical equilibrium in active matter.However,direct experimental evidence...The intrinsic pressure framework,which treats self-propelling force as an external force,provides a convenient and consistent description of mechanical equilibrium in active matter.However,direct experimental evidence is still lacking.To validate this framework,here we employ a programmable robotic platform,where a single light-controlled wheeled robot travels in an activity landscape.Our experiments quantitatively demonstrate that the intrinsic pressure difference across the activity interface is balanced by the emerged polarization force.This result unambiguously confirms the theoretical predictions,thus validating the intrinsic pressure framework and laying the experimental foundation for the intrinsic pressure-based mechanical description of dry active matter.展开更多
Enamel,the inorganic tissue covering the crowns of teeth,is known for its remarkable resilience and hardness.These properties originate from its high proportion of mineralized matrix and complex internal microarchitec...Enamel,the inorganic tissue covering the crowns of teeth,is known for its remarkable resilience and hardness.These properties originate from its high proportion of mineralized matrix and complex internal microarchitecture.On an ultrastructural level,it consists of directionally arranged enamel prisms.Continuously growing rodent incisors are an exemplary case of this phenomenon.Their enamel has a consistent decussation pattern,providing teeth with extremely high resistance and ensuring they remain constantly sharp.While the decussation pattern has been described in detail,mechanisms behind its formation have not been experimentally proven.Here,we show that the highly organized enamel micropattern is generated by directional epithelial sliding of enamel-forming ameloblasts in vivo.Our results detail how enamel micropatterning stems from individual cell cluster segregation and subsequent reciprocal interweaving.Based on this determination,we introduce and experimentally demonstrate a new model of enamel decussation pattern formation.展开更多
This study aimed to provide theoretical bases for optimized land use in minority settlements at high altitude. On the basis of forest form map and land use type map (1∶250 000) of Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture ...This study aimed to provide theoretical bases for optimized land use in minority settlements at high altitude. On the basis of forest form map and land use type map (1∶250 000) of Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province in 2007, this study carried out further analysis and assessment on the landscape pattern and fragmentation degree of Ganzi from the perspective of overall landscape characteristics, area and perimeter of patches, quantity and fractal dimension of patches and so on with the support of geo-info systematical software ArcCIS and landscape structure analysis software Fragstats. The results showed that among all landscape elements alpine meadow and evergreen broad-leaved shrubs take up a larger part as temperate and cool temperate grassland and marsh are scattered with small areas; deciduous and broad-leaved as well as their mixed forest have higher landscape fragmentation degree, on the whole, the fragmentation degree of forest type is higher than that of meadow and shrub; fractal dimensions of landscape components are all small and tend to 1, which indicates that the folded degree of all landscape boundaries are small.展开更多
The paper makes detailed analysis on the changing processes of the main types of land use in Three Gorges Reservoir Area through the techniques of RS(Remote Sense)and GIS(Geography Information System).Based on the the...The paper makes detailed analysis on the changing processes of the main types of land use in Three Gorges Reservoir Area through the techniques of RS(Remote Sense)and GIS(Geography Information System).Based on the theory of landscape ecology,many types of landscape pattern indexes are calculated and made correlation analysis.The results indicate that:in 1995 the ecological environment of Three Gorges Reservoir Area was the most vulnerable in the recent 50 years,but resumed in 2002;the landscape pattern diversity index,fractal dimension index and fragmentation index has close correlation with the area of land use/cover change(LUCC).The research also releases that the increase of the cultivated land,grassland and construction land deteriorates the landscape ecological pattern,while the increase of forest land area will help restore the landscape ecological pattern to its original state.The rapid change of grassland is an important index of the change of landscape pattern,because it has the most effect on change of landscape pattern index.展开更多
Based on analyzing the changes of land use in Wuzhong District, Suzhou City from 2005 to 2008, temporal and spatial changes of land use from 2008 to 2020 were analyzed by using the model CLUE-S and, from the perspecti...Based on analyzing the changes of land use in Wuzhong District, Suzhou City from 2005 to 2008, temporal and spatial changes of land use from 2008 to 2020 were analyzed by using the model CLUE-S and, from the perspective of landscape ecology, future landscape pattern changes of land use in Wuzhong District were also quantitatively discussed by utilizing landscape indices. The results indicated that there was a large variation range of land use in Wuzhong District from 2005 to 2008 and massive farmland and woodland were transformed into construction land and gardens. Guided by the policy of saving intensive land and protecting farmland, future variation range of land use will get smaller obviously. The fragmentation degree for farmland, woodland and water area will get decreased but will get increased relatively for construction land. In general, all landscapes tend to a balanced development.展开更多
By using TM remote sensing images of Baiyangdian Wetland in 1989,1999,2003 and 2004,taking the water area between Anxin County and Cangzhou where most of Baiyangdian Wetland water body lies for landscape classificatio...By using TM remote sensing images of Baiyangdian Wetland in 1989,1999,2003 and 2004,taking the water area between Anxin County and Cangzhou where most of Baiyangdian Wetland water body lies for landscape classification,changes in landscape pattern of Baiyangdian before and after the water supplement were analyzed with landscape indexes calculated by Fragstats3.3. The results showed that after the water supplement,from the perspective of landscape cell index,fractal dimension of major ecosystems in Baiyangdian decreased to some extent;from the perspective of landscape diversity index,diversity index of the study region also decreased,which demonstrated that ecosystem diversity in this region reduced,land cover grew to simplification;and the decreasing evenness degree of the study region also showed the uneven development of its ecosystems. That is to say,water supplement has brought favorable ecological changes to the eco-environment of Baiyangdian,which has further optimized the health condition of ecosystems in this region.展开更多
[Objective] The study was to analyze the forest landscape in Nanling Na- tional Nature Reserve to provide information for the protection of local forest ecosys- tems. [Method] With the documents of 1：10 000 topograph...[Objective] The study was to analyze the forest landscape in Nanling Na- tional Nature Reserve to provide information for the protection of local forest ecosys- tems. [Method] With the documents of 1：10 000 topographic maps, updated Forest Resource Inventory Data, based on the GIS platform and Fragstats software, the paper analyzed the patterns and heterogeneity of forest landscapes by adopting the landscape ecological theory and the method of landscape index. [Result] The forest landscape types, in terms of area occupation from large to small, are in the order of evergreen broad-leaved forest, coniferous mixed forest, evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest, shrubs, mixed needle leaf forest, suitable land for forest deciduous broad-leaved forest and non-forest. [Conclusion] Overall, the Reserve had maintained sufficient forest landscape diversity with a low level fragmentation. The distribution of various types of forest landscape was extremely uneven, dominated by several types such as evergreen broad-leaved forest, coniferous forest, etc.展开更多
基金support through the“Trans-Disciplinary Research”Grant(No.R/Dev/IoE/TDRProjects/2023-24/61658),which played a crucial role in enabling this research endeavor.
文摘Floodplain wetlands are invaluable ecosystems providing numerous ecological benefits,yet they face a global crisis necessitating sustainable preservation efforts.This study examines the depletion of floodplain wetlands within the Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary(HWLS)in Uttar Pradesh.Encroachment activities such as grazing,agriculture,and human settlements have fragmented and degraded critical wetland ecosystems.Additionally,irrigation projects,dam construction,and water diversion have disrupted natural water flow and availability.To assess wetland inundation in 2023,five classification techniques were employed:Random Forest(RF),Support Vector Machine(SVM),artificial neural network(ANN),Spectral Information Divergence(SID),and Maximum Likelihood Classifier(MLC).SVM emerged as the most precise method,as determined by kappa coefficient and index-based validation.Consequently,the SVM classifier was used to model wetland inundation areas from 1983 to 2023 and analyze spatiotemporal changes and fragmentation patterns.The findings revealed that the SVM clas-sifier accurately mapped 2023 wetland areas.The modeled time-series data demonstrated a 62.55%and 38.12%reduction in inundated wetland areas over the past 40 years in the pre-and post-monsoon periods,respectively.Fragmentation analysis indicated an 86.27%decrease in large core wetland areas in the pre-monsoon period,signifying severe habitat degradation.This rapid decline in wetlands within protected areas raises concerns about their ecological impacts.By linking wetland loss to global sustainability objectives,this study underscores the global urgency for strengthened wetland protection measures and highlights the need for integrating wetland conservation into broader sustainable development goals.Effective policies and adaptive management strategies are crucial for preserving these ecosystems and their vital services,which are essential for biodiversity,climate regulation,and human well-being.
基金Under the auspices of Strategic Priority Research Program(A)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA28080503)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42071025)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2023240)。
文摘The‘human-land relationship’has long been a central topic in geography,ecology,and social sciences.And dynamic monit-oring of the land use/cover change(LUCC)and landscape pattern studies of land use provide essential theoretical support for this field.On the basis of physicogeographical regionalization and landscape ecology theory,this study proposed a method for characterizing land-scape pattern by using the minmium natural complex as the basic evaluation unit,constructing a four-level classification framework that included natural area,landscape region,landscape subregion,and landscape group.The method was tested in the Songhua River Basin,China,and the results revealed that:(1)the landscape pattern characterization in the Songhua River Basin validated the feasibility of the proposed method,and the use of the minimum natural complex as the basic measurement unit for landscape pattern characterization be-nefited research in this field.(2)The multiscale landscape pattern characterization system,which was framed around natural area,land-scape region,landscape subregion,and landscape group,accurately reflected the spatial heterogeneity of the physical geographic envir-onment and the impact of human activities on the landscape pattern in the Songhua River Basin.The nature-dominated landscape region was mainly concentrated in high-altitude mountainous and hilly areas,the human-dominated landscape region was located on plains and platforms,and the human-land interaction landscape region exhibited a landscape pattern that is closely related to natural factors such as temperature,precipitation,and soil.(3)The proposed method not only revealed the complex interactions between the physical geograph-ic environment and human activities but also provided scientific support for land use planning and ecological environment management.Future research should incorporate higher-resolution data and socioeconomic factors to further explore the dynamic changes in land-scape patterns and their impacts on the regional ecological environment.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41807519)the Open Fund Project of Key Laboratory of Deserts and Desertification,Chinese Academy of Sciences(KLDD-2018-002).
文摘Ecological security patterns are paramount to the advancement of an ecological civilization in China,aiming to enhance the stability and service functions of ecosystems to achieve sustainable regional development.However,current regional ecological protection efforts have not been effectively integrated into the regional development planning of ecological security pattern.This study systematically assessed the effectiveness of ecological protection projects in Yanchi County,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China,through the evaluation of landscape ecological quality.Based on the evaluation results of landscape ecological quality,this study used morphological pattern analysis(MSPA),minimum cumulative resistance(MCR)model,and gravity model together to construct the ecological security pattern of Yanchi County.The findings revealed that from 1990 to 2020,with the implementation of ecological protection projects started from 2000,the landscape stability of Yanchi County first decreased and then increased,and the intensity of landscape disturbance first intensified but then decreased,indicating an improvement in the landscape ecological quality and a significant enhancement of the ecological environment in Yanchi County.The ecological security pattern of Yanchi County consisted of 10 ecological sources,10 ecological source points,23 ecological corridors,and 27 ecological nodes.The ecological security pattern of Yanchi County exhibited distinct spatial variations,with stronger ecological security observed in the southern part than in northern part of the county.The ecological sources were denser in the southern part than in the northern part of the county,and accordingly,the length of ecological corridors was shorter and denser in the southern than that in the northern part of the county.Based on the spatial distribution of landscape ecological quality and the characteristics of ecological security pattern of Yanchi County in 2020,we suggested Yanchi County to build four zones to optimize the ecological security pattern construction:the Haba Lake ecological conservation zone,the urban ecological planning zone,the ecological environment restoration zone,and the ecological security improvement zone.This study can provide essential guidance for the construction of ecological security pattern in farming-pastoral areas both in China and worldwide.
基金funded by the key project of Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.LZJWZ23E090003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42176170)。
文摘Coastal salt marshes provide critical ecological services,including carbon sequestration.However,the landscape patterns,driving factors,and carbon dynamics associated with salt marsh losses and gains remain insufficiently explored,which is vital for effective restoration.This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of these aspects across China,with a focus on species-specific differences.Based on historical salt marsh data,landscape analysis was applied for identifying the spatiotemporal characteristics of changes.XGBoost algorithm was used for driving factor analysis.Carbon dynamics derived from salt marsh changes were estimated with statistical calculation.Our results indicated that the distribution patterns of salt marshes,as indicated by mean center,ellipse area,and landscape indices,varied significantly from 1985 to 2019,particularly between 2005 and 2010.Native species,such as Phragmites australis and Suaeda salsa,experienced significant losses with a 72% reduction,while exotic species Spartina alterniflora showed substantial gains with a 680-fold.Human disturbances emerged as the primary driver of these changes,with mean temperature and precipitation influencing certain regions and years.Overall,salt marsh changes resulted in a net emission of 68.1 Mt CO_(2),with the highest emission in Shandong and linked to the loss of Phragmites australis.Conversely,carbon sequestration equivalent to 11.1 Mt CO_(2)mainly resulted from the expansion of Spartina alterniflora,with Shanghai contributing the most.This species-specific and site-specific analysis of landscape patterns,drivers,and carbon dynamics in China could enhance our understanding of salt marsh changes and offer valuable insights for targeted restoration efforts at both local and national levels.
文摘The traditional Feng Shui pattern embodies rich ecological wisdom and philosophical thoughts,which are of great significance to the modern sustainable space design.The core concepts of Feng Shui patterns from traditional civilization can provide a theoretical foundation and research framework for this study.By integrating these principles,such as“hiding the wind and gathering the Qi”and“backing the mountain and facing the water”,a functional relationship between urban structures can be established.This approach can help optimize the spatial layout of urban elements,minimize energy consumption,and enhance environmental comfort.It also examines the influence of the ShanShui City pattern in traditional Feng Shui on guiding the development of modern urban ecological networks,as well as its role in protecting and restoring biodiversity through ecological corridors and ecological nodes.The modern urban design of traditional Feng Shui culture focuses on the inheritance and innovation of riotous things and the combination of traditional Feng Shui concepts and modern design concepts to form ecological spaces with cultural connotation.This paper hopes to give some inspiration or methods for contemporary urban design and to reconcile the relationship between human and nature through these thoughts.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Plan Project of Heilongjiang Province (2022ZX02C13)。
文摘Xishui National Forest Park in Heilongjiang Province hosts China's most pristine temperate forests and serves as a key site for ecotourism and forest therapy.However,the emission patterns of phytoncides(key bio active compounds) remain poorly understood,limiting their therapeutic application.This study provides the first comprehensive characterization of spatiotemporal dynamics in airborne phytoncides and their synergistic interactions with environmental factors throughout the autumn-early spring seasonal transition in a temperate forest ecosystem.We analyzed the compositional dynamics of phytoncides and terpenoid content variations using thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(TD-GC-MS) from September 2024 to March 2025.This period encompassed seasonal transitions from autumn to early spring,including diurnal variations in September and snowfall events in November.The method demonstrated detection limits(LODs) ranging from 1.35 to 5.33 ng m-3 and quantification limits(LOQs) from 4.09 to 16.15 ng m-3.Our results revealed pronounced seasonal fluctuations in phytoncide composition.In September,terpenoids,esters,alcohols,and alkanes displayed a diurnal "decrease-increase" trend,whereas aldehydes and ketones peaked at midday.Notably,esters and alcohols were undetectable in November and January.By January,terpenoids reached their lowest proportion(0.17±0.02%) at noon.Five terpenoids(α-pinene,myrcene,D-limonene,camphene,p-cymene) were detected in September,four(α-pinene,D-limonene,camphene,p-cymene) in November,two(D-limonene,p-cymene) in January,and only p-cymene in March.The total concentration and emission rate of the five terpenoids peaked in September afternoons at 1961.58±106.67 ng m^(-3) and653.86±35.56 ng m^(-3) h^(-1),respectively.Nocturnal emissions(32131.95±2522.21 ng m^(-3)) significantly surpassed daytime levels(14473.04±958.49 ng m^(-3)),with emission rates escalating from 1447.30±95.85 ng m^(-3) h^(-1)(day) to 5355.33±420.37 ng m^(-3) h^(-1)(night),marking a3.7-fold increase.Snowfall dramatically elevated terpenoid concentrations(pre-snowfall:158.58±14.12 ng m^(-3);post-snowfall:1080.57±57.76 ng m^(-3)) and emission rates(pre-snowfall:52.86±4.71 ng m^(-3) h^(-1);post-snowfall:360.19±19.25 ng m^(-3) h^(-1)),reflecting a 6.8-fold surge.This study underscores the profound influence of light intensity,seasonal shifts,and climatic conditions on airborne phytoncide levels,offering a scientific foundation for optimizing forest therapy and ecotourism strategies.
基金supported in part by National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB4501200),National Natural Science Foundation of China(62332018)Science and Technology Program(2024NSFTD0031,2024YFHZ0339 and 2025ZNSFSC0497).
文摘The performance of data restore is one of the key indicators of user experience for backup storage systems.Compared to the traditional offline restore process,online restore reduces downtime during backup restoration,allowing users to operate on already restored files while other files are still being restored.This approach improves availability during restoration tasks but suffers from a critical limitation:inconsistencies between the access sequence and the restore sequence.In many cases,the file a user needs to access at a given moment may not yet be restored,resulting in significant delays and poor user experience.To this end,we present Histore,which builds on the user’s historical access sequence to schedule the restore sequence,in order to reduce users’access delayed time.Histore includes three restore approaches:(i)the frequency-based approach,which restores files based on historical file access frequencies and prioritizes ensuring the availability of frequently accessed files;(ii)the graph-based approach,which preferentially restores the frequently accessed files as well as their correlated files based on historical access patterns,and(iii)the trie-based approach,which restores particular files based on both users’real-time and historical access patterns to deduce and restore the files to be accessed in the near future.We implement a prototype of Histore and evaluate its performance from multiple perspectives.Trace-driven experiments on two datasets show that Histore significantly reduces users’delay time by 4-700×with only 1.0%-14.5%additional performance overhead.
文摘The rapidly aging population directly contributes to the increasing cases of neurological disorders.Due to the chronic progressive nature of neurodegeneration,numerous neurological conditions are considered“multifactorial”with systemic metabolic alterations.Even so,treatments for neurological disorders have remained unchanged for the past decades.Recently,metabolic drugs such as metformin and glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists have demonstrated promising health outcomes for neurodegeneration.
基金the Chinese Academy of Sciences Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia(RCEECA),the construction and joint research for the China-Tajikistan“Belt and Road”Joint Laboratory on Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Use(2024YFE0214200)the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Partnership and International Technology Cooperation Plan of Science and Technology Projects(2023E01018,2025E01056)the Chinese Academy of Sciences President’s International Fellowship Initiative(PIFI)(2024VBC0006).
文摘Tajikistan represents a core region of the biodiversity hotspot in Central Asian mountains and has exceptional vascular plant diversity.However,the species diversity of the country faces urgent conservation challenges.There has been a lack of a comprehensive and multidimensional assessment to inform strategic conservation planning.Therefore,this study integrated 4 key biodiversity indices including species richness(SR),phylogenetic diversity(PD),threatened species richness(TSR),and endemic species richness(ESR)to map species diversity distribution patterns,identify conservation gaps,and elucidate their effects of climatic factors.This study revealed that species diversity shows a clear trend of decreasing from the western region to the eastern region of Tajikistan.The central–western mountains(specifically the Gissar-Darvasian and Zeravshanian regions)emerge as irreplaceable biodiversity hotspots.However,we found a severe spatial mismatch between these priority areas and the existing protected areas(PAs).Protection coverage for all hotspots was alarmingly low,ranging from 31.00%to 38.00%.Consequently,a critical 64.80%of integrated priority areas fall outside of the current PAs,representing a major conservation gap.This study identified precipitation seasonality and isothermality as the principal drivers,collectively explaining over 50.00%of the diversity variation and suggesting high vulnerability to hydrological shifts.Furthermore,we detected significant geographic sampling bias in the public biodiversity databases,with the most critical hotspot being systematically under-sampled.This study provides a robust scientific basis for conservation action,highlighting the urgent need to strategically expand PAs in the under-protected southwestern region and to mitigate critical sampling gaps through targeted data digitization and field surveys.These measures are indispensable for securing Tajikistan’s unique biodiversity and achieving the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework Target 3(“30×30 Protection”).
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12102321 and 52192633)the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(No.2025JCYBMS-050)。
文摘A design idea for single-component metamaterial plates is proposed to achieve the thermal stability of flexural wave bandgap by the perforated and pre-curved patterns.The band structure analysis suggests that perforation can release part of the in-plane thermal expansion to weaken the softening effect of thermal stress.Introducing precurved components to the perforated structure will stop the decrement of the bandgap frequency in thermal environment,and even make the frequency higher with appropriate structural parameters.The bending stiffness of the heated plate is enhanced by the thermal deflection induced stiffening effect of the pre-curved components.The segmented pre-curved component presents a strong ability to resist the thermal influence on the flexural wave bandgap.A simplified model is established for the local structure of the precurved component.The theoretical calculations explain the thermally induced frequency increment of the bandgap and the discrepancy in the thermal response between the two pre-curved models.The transmittance of flexural wave validates the effectiveness of the proposed design.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32201304)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2412022QD026)。
文摘Human-modified landscapes serve as ecological filters,determining species distributions and persistence.Energy-efficient technologies,while crucial for climate change mitigation,represent novel filters whose impacts on synanthropic biodiversity are poorly understood.We investigated how attached sunspaces,a widely adopted energy-saving technology in rural China,filter the distribution of two ecologically important aerial insectivores,the Barn Swallow(Hirundo rustica)and Red-rumped Swallow(Cecropis daurica).We surveyed 106 villages during the 2024 and 2025 breeding seasons and recorded a total of 2323 nests(612 Barn Swallow,1711 Red-rumped Swallow).Using Generalized Linear Models,we assessed their responses to building characteristics,landscape composition and the prevalence of sunspaces.Barn Swallow nests preferred perches at the base and single attachment faces,while Red-rumped Swallow nests favored multiple attachment faces and avoided long shelters.The proportion of buildings with sunspaces acted as a strong positive filter for Barn Swallow nest abundance(+24%)but as a significant negative filter for Red-rumped Swallow(-51%).Other landscape variables(e.g.,human population density,NDVI,Human Footprint Index)were not significant.This study demonstrates that specific architectural innovations can act as powerful ecological filters,leading to divergent distributional outcomes for sympatric species reliant on anthropogenic structures.Our findings reveal a critical trade-off in sustainable development:energy efficiency gains may inadvertently reduce habitat suitability for certain species.To reconcile climate and biodiversity goals in rural landscapes,we advocate integrating species-specific habitat requirements into building design.We propose actionable modifications to sunspaces to support swallows without compromising energy savings.These principles provide a template for mitigating the distributional impacts of green infrastructure globally.
文摘BACKGROUND Drug utilization research has an important role in assisting the healthcare administration to know,compute,and refine the prescription whose principal objective is to enable the rational use of drugs.Research in developing nations relating to the cost of treatment is scarce when compared with developed countries.Thus,the drug utilization research studies from developing nations are most needed,and their number has been growing.AIM To evaluate patterns of utilization of antipsychotic drugs and direct medical cost analysis in patients newly diagnosed with schizophrenia.METHODS The present study was observational in type and based on a retrospective cohort to evaluate patterns of utilization of antipsychotic drugs using World Health Organization(WHO)core prescribing indicators and anatomical therapeutic chemical/defined daily dose indicators.We also calculated direct medical costs for a period of 6 months.RESULTS This study has found that atypical antipsychotics are the mainstay of treatment for schizophrenia in every age group and subcategories of schizophrenia.The evaluation based on WHO prescribing indicators showed a low average number of drugs per prescription and low prescribing frequency of antipsychotics from the National List of Essential Medicines 2015 and the WHO Essential Medicines List 2019.The total mean drug cost of our study was 1396 Indian rupees.The total mean cost due to the investigation in our study was 1017.34 Indian rupees.Therefore,the total mean direct medical cost incurred on patients in our study was 4337.28 Indian rupees.CONCLUSION The information from the present study can be used for reviewing and updating treatment policy at the institutional level.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFF1306305)the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Natural Science Foundation Project(2025QN03106)+1 种基金the Research Start-up Project for the Introduction of High-level and Outstanding Doctoral Talent at Inner Mongolia Agricultural University(NDYB2024-42)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42201012).
文摘Global grassland degradation necessitates the identification of sustainable grazing management strategies.In semi-arid regions,grazing exclusion(GE),cold-season grazing(CG),and free grazing(FG)represent common practices in grassland ecosystems,yet the long-term ecological consequences of these patterns on plant community structure and soil aggregate stability remain inadequately elucidated.In this study,we evaluated the effects of GE,CG,and FG on soil organic carbon,soil water content,soil bulk density,soil aggregates,and vegetation indicators in Xilamuren steppe,a semi-arid grassland in northern China through field sampling and laboratory analyses in 2024.Our findings revealed that,compared to CG and FG,GE significantly enhanced aboveground and belowground biomass,species diversity,and soil physical-chemical properties in the 0–30 cm layer.The dominant plant species in GE and CG sites were Stipa krylovii,Leymus chinensis,and Agropyron cristatum,whereas Stipa krylovii,Artemisia frigida,and Leymus chinensis were predominant in FG site.Different grazing patterns led to distinct soil aggregate distributions,with>2.00 and<0.25 mm aggregates exhibiting the highest content in different soil layers depending on the grazing patterns.All grazing management strategies significantly improved soil aggregate stability,with the overall stability following the order:GE>CG>FG.Furthermore,random forest modeling identified plant species diversity,plant growth traits,and grazing patterns as the primary determinants of soil aggregate stability.Collectively,these results offer valuable insights into the sustainable management and ecological restoration of semi-arid grasslands under different grazing pressures.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.T2325027,12274448,T2350007,12404239,12174041,12325405,12090054,and T2221001)the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No.2022YFF0503504)。
文摘The intrinsic pressure framework,which treats self-propelling force as an external force,provides a convenient and consistent description of mechanical equilibrium in active matter.However,direct experimental evidence is still lacking.To validate this framework,here we employ a programmable robotic platform,where a single light-controlled wheeled robot travels in an activity landscape.Our experiments quantitatively demonstrate that the intrinsic pressure difference across the activity interface is balanced by the emerged polarization force.This result unambiguously confirms the theoretical predictions,thus validating the intrinsic pressure framework and laying the experimental foundation for the intrinsic pressure-based mechanical description of dry active matter.
基金supported by the Czech Science Foundation (23-06160S)by the Faculty of Medicine of Masaryk University (MUNI/A/1738/2024)。
文摘Enamel,the inorganic tissue covering the crowns of teeth,is known for its remarkable resilience and hardness.These properties originate from its high proportion of mineralized matrix and complex internal microarchitecture.On an ultrastructural level,it consists of directionally arranged enamel prisms.Continuously growing rodent incisors are an exemplary case of this phenomenon.Their enamel has a consistent decussation pattern,providing teeth with extremely high resistance and ensuring they remain constantly sharp.While the decussation pattern has been described in detail,mechanisms behind its formation have not been experimentally proven.Here,we show that the highly organized enamel micropattern is generated by directional epithelial sliding of enamel-forming ameloblasts in vivo.Our results detail how enamel micropatterning stems from individual cell cluster segregation and subsequent reciprocal interweaving.Based on this determination,we introduce and experimentally demonstrate a new model of enamel decussation pattern formation.
文摘This study aimed to provide theoretical bases for optimized land use in minority settlements at high altitude. On the basis of forest form map and land use type map (1∶250 000) of Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province in 2007, this study carried out further analysis and assessment on the landscape pattern and fragmentation degree of Ganzi from the perspective of overall landscape characteristics, area and perimeter of patches, quantity and fractal dimension of patches and so on with the support of geo-info systematical software ArcCIS and landscape structure analysis software Fragstats. The results showed that among all landscape elements alpine meadow and evergreen broad-leaved shrubs take up a larger part as temperate and cool temperate grassland and marsh are scattered with small areas; deciduous and broad-leaved as well as their mixed forest have higher landscape fragmentation degree, on the whole, the fragmentation degree of forest type is higher than that of meadow and shrub; fractal dimensions of landscape components are all small and tend to 1, which indicates that the folded degree of all landscape boundaries are small.
基金Supported by the Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(KZCX2-SW-319-01)
文摘The paper makes detailed analysis on the changing processes of the main types of land use in Three Gorges Reservoir Area through the techniques of RS(Remote Sense)and GIS(Geography Information System).Based on the theory of landscape ecology,many types of landscape pattern indexes are calculated and made correlation analysis.The results indicate that:in 1995 the ecological environment of Three Gorges Reservoir Area was the most vulnerable in the recent 50 years,but resumed in 2002;the landscape pattern diversity index,fractal dimension index and fragmentation index has close correlation with the area of land use/cover change(LUCC).The research also releases that the increase of the cultivated land,grassland and construction land deteriorates the landscape ecological pattern,while the increase of forest land area will help restore the landscape ecological pattern to its original state.The rapid change of grassland is an important index of the change of landscape pattern,because it has the most effect on change of landscape pattern index.
文摘Based on analyzing the changes of land use in Wuzhong District, Suzhou City from 2005 to 2008, temporal and spatial changes of land use from 2008 to 2020 were analyzed by using the model CLUE-S and, from the perspective of landscape ecology, future landscape pattern changes of land use in Wuzhong District were also quantitatively discussed by utilizing landscape indices. The results indicated that there was a large variation range of land use in Wuzhong District from 2005 to 2008 and massive farmland and woodland were transformed into construction land and gardens. Guided by the policy of saving intensive land and protecting farmland, future variation range of land use will get smaller obviously. The fragmentation degree for farmland, woodland and water area will get decreased but will get increased relatively for construction land. In general, all landscapes tend to a balanced development.
基金Sponsored by Scientific and Research Foundation of Yunnan Provincial Education Department (08Y0303)S&T Innovation Team Project of Bio-diversity Protection of Qujing Normal University~~
文摘By using TM remote sensing images of Baiyangdian Wetland in 1989,1999,2003 and 2004,taking the water area between Anxin County and Cangzhou where most of Baiyangdian Wetland water body lies for landscape classification,changes in landscape pattern of Baiyangdian before and after the water supplement were analyzed with landscape indexes calculated by Fragstats3.3. The results showed that after the water supplement,from the perspective of landscape cell index,fractal dimension of major ecosystems in Baiyangdian decreased to some extent;from the perspective of landscape diversity index,diversity index of the study region also decreased,which demonstrated that ecosystem diversity in this region reduced,land cover grew to simplification;and the decreasing evenness degree of the study region also showed the uneven development of its ecosystems. That is to say,water supplement has brought favorable ecological changes to the eco-environment of Baiyangdian,which has further optimized the health condition of ecosystems in this region.
基金Supported by Digital Monitoring and Management Platform Project in Nanling National Nature Reserve(GDHS13SGHG05025)~~
文摘[Objective] The study was to analyze the forest landscape in Nanling Na- tional Nature Reserve to provide information for the protection of local forest ecosys- tems. [Method] With the documents of 1：10 000 topographic maps, updated Forest Resource Inventory Data, based on the GIS platform and Fragstats software, the paper analyzed the patterns and heterogeneity of forest landscapes by adopting the landscape ecological theory and the method of landscape index. [Result] The forest landscape types, in terms of area occupation from large to small, are in the order of evergreen broad-leaved forest, coniferous mixed forest, evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest, shrubs, mixed needle leaf forest, suitable land for forest deciduous broad-leaved forest and non-forest. [Conclusion] Overall, the Reserve had maintained sufficient forest landscape diversity with a low level fragmentation. The distribution of various types of forest landscape was extremely uneven, dominated by several types such as evergreen broad-leaved forest, coniferous forest, etc.
