ln this study, 12 maize populations were improved with the improved S1 selection method, aiming to increase the improvement efficiency of maize popula-tions. The results showed that number of rows per spike, number of...ln this study, 12 maize populations were improved with the improved S1 selection method, aiming to increase the improvement efficiency of maize popula-tions. The results showed that number of rows per spike, number of grains per row and 100-grain weight were the three important component traits of maize yield. The highest genetic increment was found in Mengqun 2, fol owed by Mengqun 4, Mengqun 1 and other 7 maize populations. Negative genetic increment was shown in Mengqun 3 and 3 introduced foreign maize populations. Some changes were shown in spikes, plant traits and genetic diversity of maize populations. Based on our results, we concluded that Mengqun 2, Mengqun 4, Zhongzong 7, Mengqun C and Mengqun A could be directly used for the line breeding by selfing for their higher genetic increment of yield and better improvement effects of other agricultural traits. Compared with these 5 populations, the improvement potential of other maize populations was limited for their lower genetic increment.展开更多
Trans-Cultural Comparative Literature Method originated from the discovery of common themes and viewpoints as comparing literary texts in different languages. This article explains how the method combine GT and CLT te...Trans-Cultural Comparative Literature Method originated from the discovery of common themes and viewpoints as comparing literary texts in different languages. This article explains how the method combine GT and CLT techniques in a lesson plan that engage students with activities that compare and contrast themes and cultural aspects found in two literary texts. It explores worldviews using information and knowledge of literary structures that motivate Chinese students.展开更多
In order to study the calculation methods of shear behavior of reinforced concrete beams of Chinese modern reinforced concrete buildings,this paper carried out tests on the concrete compressive strength of 12 Chinese ...In order to study the calculation methods of shear behavior of reinforced concrete beams of Chinese modern reinforced concrete buildings,this paper carried out tests on the concrete compressive strength of 12 Chinese modern concrete buildings,the mechanical properties of 66 rebars from different Chinese modern concrete buildings,and the concrete cover thickness of 9 Chinese modern concrete buildings,and the actual material properties and structural configurations have been obtained. Then,the comparison on calculation methods include the Chinese original calculation method,the Chinese present calculation method,the American present calculation method and the European present calculation method is studied with case analysis method.The results show that the Chinese original calculation method of shear behavior of reinforced concrete beams is based on the allowable stress calculation method,and the design safety factors are 3. 55- 4. 00. The standard value of the compressive strength of concrete cubes is 8. 48 MPa,the standard value of the concrete tensile strength is 1.20 MPa,the standard value of the yield strength of rectangular rebars is 229. 56 MPa,and the standard value of the yield strength of round rebars is 276. 82 MPa. The average value of the concrete cover thickness of beams and columns is 35.96 mm. In term of calculation area of hoop rebars of reinforced concrete beams,without considering earthquake loads,the Chinese original structural calculation method is safer than the Chinese present structural calculation method,but is more unsafe than the American present structural calculation method and the European present structural calculation method. The results can provide the support for structural safety assessments and repair designs of Chinese modern reinforced concrete buildings.展开更多
This paper introduces the origin and development of land engineering.Taking the course Introduction to Land Engineering as an example,this paper makes a comparative analysis of the teaching effects of traditional teac...This paper introduces the origin and development of land engineering.Taking the course Introduction to Land Engineering as an example,this paper makes a comparative analysis of the teaching effects of traditional teaching method and task-driven teaching method.The results show that the task-driven teaching method is more suitable for the teaching task of land engineering,the students’learning effect is remarkable,and the degree of realization of teaching goal is high.展开更多
In order to study the calculation methods of bending behavior of Chinese reinforced concrete beams from 1912 to 1949, tests on the mechanical performance of 66 rebars from different modem Chinese concrete buildings, t...In order to study the calculation methods of bending behavior of Chinese reinforced concrete beams from 1912 to 1949, tests on the mechanical performance of 66 rebars from different modem Chinese concrete buildings, the concrete compressive strength of 12 modem Chinese concrete buildings, and the concrete cover thickness of 9 modem Chinese concrete buildings are carried out; and the actual material properties and structural conformations of modem Chinese concrete buildings are obtained. Then, the comparison on calculation methods of bending behavior including the original Chinese calculation method, the present Chinese calculation method, the present American calculation method and the present European calculation method is studied. The results show that the original Chinese calculation method of bending behavior is based on the allowable stress calculation method, and the design safety factors are 3.55 to 4. 0. In term of the calculation area of longitudinal rebars of reinforced concrete beams, without considering earthquake action, the original Chinese structural calculation method is safer than the present Chinese structural calculation method, the present European structural calculation method, and the present American structural calculation method. The results can provide support for the structural safety assessments of modem Chinese reinforced concrete buildings.展开更多
This essay focused on comparing and contrasts audio lingual method and Task-based language teaching method,demonstrating the strengths and weaknesses of the two methods and discusses how they impact upon both the teac...This essay focused on comparing and contrasts audio lingual method and Task-based language teaching method,demonstrating the strengths and weaknesses of the two methods and discusses how they impact upon both the teachers and the learners.TBLT is the contemporary teaching method with a great number of strong points.It seems that if there is more relatively scientific and effective method,TBLT should give way to it.The ultimate goal is to advocate the comparatively successful teaching method in the field of foreign language education.展开更多
Comparative studies of trait evolution require accounting for the shared evolutionary history. This is done by includ- ing phylogenetic hypotheses into statistical analyses of species＇ traits, for which birds often s...Comparative studies of trait evolution require accounting for the shared evolutionary history. This is done by includ- ing phylogenetic hypotheses into statistical analyses of species＇ traits, for which birds often serve as excellent models. The online publication of the most complete molecular phylogeny of extant bird species （www.birdtree.org, BirdTree hereafter） now allows evolutionary biologists to rapidly obtain sets of equally plausible phylogenetic trees for any set of species to be incorporated as a phylogenetic hypothesis in comparative analyses. We discuss methods to use BirdTree tree sets for comparative studies, either by building a consensus tree that can be incorporated into standard comparative analyses, or by using tree sets to account for the ef- fect of phylogenetie uncertainty. Methods accounting for phylogenetic uncertainty should be preferred whenever possible because they should provide more reliable parameter estimates and realistic confidence intervals around them. Based on a real compara- tive dataset, we ran simulations to investigate the effect of variation in the size of the random tree sets downloaded from BirdTree on the variability of parameter estimates from a bivariate relationship between mass-specific productivity and body mass. Irre- spective of the method of analysis, using at least 1,000 trees allows obtaining parameter estimates with very small （〈 0.15%） co- efficients of variation. We argue that BirdTree, due to the ease of use and the major advantages over previous ＇traditional＇ meth- ods to obtain phylogenetic hypotheses of bird species （e.g. supertrees or manual coding of published phylogenies）, will become the standard reference in avian comparative studies for years to come.展开更多
In Chinese language studies, both “The Textual Research on Historical Documents” and “The Comparative Study of Historical Data” are traditional in methodology and they both deserve being treasured, passed on, and ...In Chinese language studies, both “The Textual Research on Historical Documents” and “The Comparative Study of Historical Data” are traditional in methodology and they both deserve being treasured, passed on, and further developed. It will certainly do harm to the development of academic research if any of the two methods is given unreasonable priority. The author claims that the best or one of the best methodologies of the historical study of Chinese language is the combination of the two, hence a new interpretation of “The Double-proof Method”. Meanwhile, this essay is also an attempt to put forward “The Law of Quan-ma and Gui-mei” in Chinese language studies, in which the author believes that it is not advisable to either treat Gui-mei as Quan-ma or vice versa in linguistic research. It is crucial for us to respect always the language facts first, which is considered the very soul of linguistics.展开更多
For large generators, the problem of high-resistance grounding method and the advantages of resonance, grounding method are discussed in detail, and an overall comparison is given in this paper. It is recommended that...For large generators, the problem of high-resistance grounding method and the advantages of resonance, grounding method are discussed in detail, and an overall comparison is given in this paper. It is recommended that the latter should be adopted so as to increase the operation reliability of large generators and power systems.展开更多
基金Supported by Science and Technology Innovation Guiding and Incentive Fund of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(20111705)~~
文摘ln this study, 12 maize populations were improved with the improved S1 selection method, aiming to increase the improvement efficiency of maize popula-tions. The results showed that number of rows per spike, number of grains per row and 100-grain weight were the three important component traits of maize yield. The highest genetic increment was found in Mengqun 2, fol owed by Mengqun 4, Mengqun 1 and other 7 maize populations. Negative genetic increment was shown in Mengqun 3 and 3 introduced foreign maize populations. Some changes were shown in spikes, plant traits and genetic diversity of maize populations. Based on our results, we concluded that Mengqun 2, Mengqun 4, Zhongzong 7, Mengqun C and Mengqun A could be directly used for the line breeding by selfing for their higher genetic increment of yield and better improvement effects of other agricultural traits. Compared with these 5 populations, the improvement potential of other maize populations was limited for their lower genetic increment.
文摘Trans-Cultural Comparative Literature Method originated from the discovery of common themes and viewpoints as comparing literary texts in different languages. This article explains how the method combine GT and CLT techniques in a lesson plan that engage students with activities that compare and contrast themes and cultural aspects found in two literary texts. It explores worldviews using information and knowledge of literary structures that motivate Chinese students.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51138002)a Foundation for the Author of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of PR China(Grant No.201452)
文摘In order to study the calculation methods of shear behavior of reinforced concrete beams of Chinese modern reinforced concrete buildings,this paper carried out tests on the concrete compressive strength of 12 Chinese modern concrete buildings,the mechanical properties of 66 rebars from different Chinese modern concrete buildings,and the concrete cover thickness of 9 Chinese modern concrete buildings,and the actual material properties and structural configurations have been obtained. Then,the comparison on calculation methods include the Chinese original calculation method,the Chinese present calculation method,the American present calculation method and the European present calculation method is studied with case analysis method.The results show that the Chinese original calculation method of shear behavior of reinforced concrete beams is based on the allowable stress calculation method,and the design safety factors are 3. 55- 4. 00. The standard value of the compressive strength of concrete cubes is 8. 48 MPa,the standard value of the concrete tensile strength is 1.20 MPa,the standard value of the yield strength of rectangular rebars is 229. 56 MPa,and the standard value of the yield strength of round rebars is 276. 82 MPa. The average value of the concrete cover thickness of beams and columns is 35.96 mm. In term of calculation area of hoop rebars of reinforced concrete beams,without considering earthquake loads,the Chinese original structural calculation method is safer than the Chinese present structural calculation method,but is more unsafe than the American present structural calculation method and the European present structural calculation method. The results can provide the support for structural safety assessments and repair designs of Chinese modern reinforced concrete buildings.
基金Supported by Internal Scientific Research Project of Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group(DJNY2019-6).
文摘This paper introduces the origin and development of land engineering.Taking the course Introduction to Land Engineering as an example,this paper makes a comparative analysis of the teaching effects of traditional teaching method and task-driven teaching method.The results show that the task-driven teaching method is more suitable for the teaching task of land engineering,the students’learning effect is remarkable,and the degree of realization of teaching goal is high.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51138002)the Foundation for the Author of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of PR China(No.201452)the Open Fund of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Engineering Structure Safety(No.2015-KF06)
文摘In order to study the calculation methods of bending behavior of Chinese reinforced concrete beams from 1912 to 1949, tests on the mechanical performance of 66 rebars from different modem Chinese concrete buildings, the concrete compressive strength of 12 modem Chinese concrete buildings, and the concrete cover thickness of 9 modem Chinese concrete buildings are carried out; and the actual material properties and structural conformations of modem Chinese concrete buildings are obtained. Then, the comparison on calculation methods of bending behavior including the original Chinese calculation method, the present Chinese calculation method, the present American calculation method and the present European calculation method is studied. The results show that the original Chinese calculation method of bending behavior is based on the allowable stress calculation method, and the design safety factors are 3.55 to 4. 0. In term of the calculation area of longitudinal rebars of reinforced concrete beams, without considering earthquake action, the original Chinese structural calculation method is safer than the present Chinese structural calculation method, the present European structural calculation method, and the present American structural calculation method. The results can provide support for the structural safety assessments of modem Chinese reinforced concrete buildings.
文摘This essay focused on comparing and contrasts audio lingual method and Task-based language teaching method,demonstrating the strengths and weaknesses of the two methods and discusses how they impact upon both the teachers and the learners.TBLT is the contemporary teaching method with a great number of strong points.It seems that if there is more relatively scientific and effective method,TBLT should give way to it.The ultimate goal is to advocate the comparatively successful teaching method in the field of foreign language education.
文摘Comparative studies of trait evolution require accounting for the shared evolutionary history. This is done by includ- ing phylogenetic hypotheses into statistical analyses of species＇ traits, for which birds often serve as excellent models. The online publication of the most complete molecular phylogeny of extant bird species （www.birdtree.org, BirdTree hereafter） now allows evolutionary biologists to rapidly obtain sets of equally plausible phylogenetic trees for any set of species to be incorporated as a phylogenetic hypothesis in comparative analyses. We discuss methods to use BirdTree tree sets for comparative studies, either by building a consensus tree that can be incorporated into standard comparative analyses, or by using tree sets to account for the ef- fect of phylogenetie uncertainty. Methods accounting for phylogenetic uncertainty should be preferred whenever possible because they should provide more reliable parameter estimates and realistic confidence intervals around them. Based on a real compara- tive dataset, we ran simulations to investigate the effect of variation in the size of the random tree sets downloaded from BirdTree on the variability of parameter estimates from a bivariate relationship between mass-specific productivity and body mass. Irre- spective of the method of analysis, using at least 1,000 trees allows obtaining parameter estimates with very small （〈 0.15%） co- efficients of variation. We argue that BirdTree, due to the ease of use and the major advantages over previous ＇traditional＇ meth- ods to obtain phylogenetic hypotheses of bird species （e.g. supertrees or manual coding of published phylogenies）, will become the standard reference in avian comparative studies for years to come.
文摘In Chinese language studies, both “The Textual Research on Historical Documents” and “The Comparative Study of Historical Data” are traditional in methodology and they both deserve being treasured, passed on, and further developed. It will certainly do harm to the development of academic research if any of the two methods is given unreasonable priority. The author claims that the best or one of the best methodologies of the historical study of Chinese language is the combination of the two, hence a new interpretation of “The Double-proof Method”. Meanwhile, this essay is also an attempt to put forward “The Law of Quan-ma and Gui-mei” in Chinese language studies, in which the author believes that it is not advisable to either treat Gui-mei as Quan-ma or vice versa in linguistic research. It is crucial for us to respect always the language facts first, which is considered the very soul of linguistics.
文摘For large generators, the problem of high-resistance grounding method and the advantages of resonance, grounding method are discussed in detail, and an overall comparison is given in this paper. It is recommended that the latter should be adopted so as to increase the operation reliability of large generators and power systems.
