Knee osteoarthritis(KOA)represents one of the most common causes of chronic pain.The high prevalence and disability rates of KOA impose a severe burden on both individuals and society.In contrast to cutaneous pain,KOA...Knee osteoarthritis(KOA)represents one of the most common causes of chronic pain.The high prevalence and disability rates of KOA impose a severe burden on both individuals and society.In contrast to cutaneous pain,KOA-induced joint pain is characterized as a deep tissue pain that potentially involves distinct subgroups of peripheral sensory neurons and central processing mechanisms.Furthermore,KOA pain is closely related to locomotion activity.Impaired sensorimotor integration and pain mutually reinforce each other in KOA,forming a vicious cycle that exacerbates disease progression.In this review,we highlight the key differences between KOA pain and cutaneous pain,and the latter has been extensively studied in the pain field.We hope to offer new insights into the central mechanisms and development of new treatment strategies for KOA based on the interactions between impaired sensorimotor integration and chronic joint pain.展开更多
Qingke,a staple crop grown on the high-altitude Tibetan Plateau,has evolved a metabolomic profile providing both environmental stress resilience and human nutrition.We review the hypothesis that the metabolites that c...Qingke,a staple crop grown on the high-altitude Tibetan Plateau,has evolved a metabolomic profile providing both environmental stress resilience and human nutrition.We review the hypothesis that the metabolites that confer cold and UV resistance on the crop also facilitate human adaptation to high-altitude stresses.Specifically,β-glucans regulate blood glucose primarily via short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)produced through gut microbiota fermentation,which directly mediate glucose homeostasis.Phenolamides accumulate via the phenylpropanoid pathway,with chalcone isomerase(CHI)serving as a key enzyme in flavonoid biosynthesis and enhancing UV-B resistance.Under low temperatures,β-glucans improve frost tolerance by modulating osmotic balance and inhibiting ice-nucleating proteins,while lipids maintain membrane fluidity to sustain cellular function during cold stress.Importantly,we explore the hypothesis that these same metabolites,upon consumption,may facilitate human adaptation to high-altitude stresses.This hypothesis is supported by preliminary epidemiological associations between Qingke consumption and favorable health outcomes in high-altitude populations,as well as established bioactivities of the implicated metabolites in vitro and in animal models.However,direct causal evidence in humans and a comprehensive understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms remain key knowledge gaps that warrant future investigation.Qingke as a unique resource at the interface of agricultural resilience and human nutrition.Understanding its metabolic blueprint will inform the development of functional foods and climate-resilient crops.展开更多
Faculty development serves as a critical foundation for ensuring the quality of higher education.To meet the needs of cultivating specialized software talents and promoting teaching reform,it is particularly crucial t...Faculty development serves as a critical foundation for ensuring the quality of higher education.To meet the needs of cultivating specialized software talents and promoting teaching reform,it is particularly crucial to build a faculty team with knowledge in industry application fields and experience in domestic software development.This paper first analyzes the new requirements for the faculty imposed by the cultivation of specialized software talents and the existing problems in the current faculty.Then,in response to these issues,it introduces the reforms and explorations carried out by the School of Software Engineering at Beijing Jiaotong University in the construction of the faculty for cultivating specialized software talents.The aim is to build a high-caliber and diversified faculty that boasts strong political qualities,interdisciplinary integration,complementary advantages between full-time and part-time faculty,and in-depth integration of industry and education.展开更多
Multi-organ-on-a-chip(MOOC)technology represents a pivotal direction in the organ-on-a-chip field,seeking to emulate the complex interactions of multiple human organs in vitro through microfluidic systems.This technol...Multi-organ-on-a-chip(MOOC)technology represents a pivotal direction in the organ-on-a-chip field,seeking to emulate the complex interactions of multiple human organs in vitro through microfluidic systems.This technology overcomes the limitations of traditional single-organ models,providing a novel platform for investigating complex disease mechanisms and evaluating drug efficacy and toxicity.Although it demonstrates broad application prospects,its development still faces critical bottlenecks,including inadequate physiological coupling between organs,short functional maintenance durations,and limited real-time monitoring capabilities.Contemporary research is advancing along three key directions,including functional coupling,sensor integration,and full-process automation systems,to propel the technology toward enhanced levels of physiological relevance and predictive accuracy.展开更多
Laser micro-nano processing technologies have been developed to address challenges that are otherwise difficult to solve in industrial applications and diverse scientific fields.These technologies offer designable pat...Laser micro-nano processing technologies have been developed to address challenges that are otherwise difficult to solve in industrial applications and diverse scientific fields.These technologies offer designable patterning,arraying capabilities,three-dimensional(3D)processing,and high precision.Recent advancements in laser technologies have demonstrated their effectiveness as powerful tools for micro-nano processing of optoelectronic materials.By utilizing various laser techniques—such as laser-induced polymerization,laser ablation,laser-induced transfer,laser-directed assembly,and laser-assisted crystallization—broad applications in image sensors,displays,solar cells,lasers,anti-counterfeiting,and information encryption have been enabled.This review comprehensively summarizes recent progress in the laser micro-nano processing of optoelectronic materials,including the technologies used for preparation,patterning,arraying,and modification.These laser fabrication methods uniquely provide capabilities such as annealing,phase transitions,and ion exchange in optoelectronic materials.We also discuss the perspectives and challenges for future developments,including the advantages,disadvantages,and potential applications of different laser micro-nano processing technologies.With the rapid advancements in laser micro-nanofabrication,we foresee significant growth in advanced,high-performance optoelectronic applications.This review aims to provide researchers with insights into the current state and future prospects of laser-based micro-nano processing,encouraging further exploration and innovation in this promising field.展开更多
The world’s first hybrid commutated converter(HCC)—a next-generation high-voltage direct current(HVDC)transmission valve based on integrated gate commutated thyristor(IGCT)technology—officially commenced commercial...The world’s first hybrid commutated converter(HCC)—a next-generation high-voltage direct current(HVDC)transmission valve based on integrated gate commutated thyristor(IGCT)technology—officially commenced commercial operation at the Lingbao Converter Station in Henan Province,China,on December 28,2025,as shown in Figure 1.This milestone signifies the resolution of the“commutation failure”challenge that has plagued global HVDC transmission systems for over half a century.展开更多
Since the first design of tactile sensors was proposed by Harmon in 1982,tactile sensors have evolved through four key phases:industrial applications(1980s,basic pressure detection),miniaturization via MEMS(1990s),fle...Since the first design of tactile sensors was proposed by Harmon in 1982,tactile sensors have evolved through four key phases:industrial applications(1980s,basic pressure detection),miniaturization via MEMS(1990s),flexible electronics(2010s,stretchable materials),and intelligent systems(2020s-present,AI-driven multimodal sensing).With the innovation of material,processing techniques,and multimodal fusion of stimuli,the application of tactile sensors has been continuously expanding to a diversity of areas,including but not limited to medical care,aerospace,sports and intelligent robots.Currently,researchers are dedicated to develop tactile sensors with emerging mechanisms and structures,pursuing high-sensitivity,high-resolution,and multimodal characteristics and further constructing tactile systems which imitate and approach the performance of human organs.However,challenges in the combination between the theoretical research and the practical applications are still significant.There is a lack of comprehensive understanding in the state of the art of such knowledge transferring from academic work to technical products.Scaled-up production of laboratory materials faces fatal challenges like high costs,small scale,and inconsistent quality.Ambient factors,such as temperature,humidity,and electromagnetic interference,also impair signal reliability.Moreover,tactile sensors must operate across a wide pressure range(0.1 k Pa to several or even dozens of MPa)to meet diverse application needs.Meanwhile,the existing algorithms,data models and sensing systems commonly reveal insufficient precision as well as undesired robustness in data processing,and there is a realistic gap between the designed and the demanded system response speed.In this review,oriented by the design requirements of intelligent tactile sensing systems,we summarize the common sensing mechanisms,inspired structures,key performance,and optimizing strategies,followed by a brief overview of the recent advances in the perspectives of system integration and algorithm implementation,and the possible roadmap of future development of tactile sensors,providing a forward-looking as well as critical discussions in the future industrial applications of flexible tactile sensors.展开更多
The large-scale deployment of Internet of Things(IoT)technology across various aspects of daily life has significantly propelled the intelligent development of society.Among them,the integration of IoT and named data ...The large-scale deployment of Internet of Things(IoT)technology across various aspects of daily life has significantly propelled the intelligent development of society.Among them,the integration of IoT and named data networks(NDNs)reduces network complexity and provides practical directions for content-oriented network design.However,ensuring data integrity in NDN-IoT applications remains a challenging issue.Very recently,Wang et al.(Entropy,27(5),471(2025))designed a certificateless aggregate signature(CLAS)scheme for NDN-IoT environments.Wang et al.stated that their construction was provably secure under various types of security attacks.Using theoretical analysis methods,in this work,we reveal that their CLAS design fails to meet unforgeability,a core security requirement for CLAS schemes.In particular,we demonstrate that their scheme is vulnerable to amalicious public-key replacement attack,enabling an adversary to produce authentic signatures for arbitrary fraudulent messages.Therefore,Wang et al.’s design cannot achieve its goal.To address the issue,we systematically examine the root causes behind the vulnerability and propose a security-enhanced CLAS construction for NDN-IoT environments.We prove the security ofour improveddesignunder the standard security assumptionandalsoanalyze its practicalperformanceby comparing the computational and communication costs with several related works.The comparison results show the practicality of our design.展开更多
The fast-changing trajectory of energy systems toward renewables requires flexible,low-emission technologies that can buffer supply intermittently and offer large-scale energy storage systems.Moreso,hydrogen is increa...The fast-changing trajectory of energy systems toward renewables requires flexible,low-emission technologies that can buffer supply intermittently and offer large-scale energy storage systems.Moreso,hydrogen is increasingly viewed as a multi-scale flexibility resource capable of supporting deep decarbonization in renewable-dominated power systems,yet existing reviews often treat production,storage,and conversion technologies in isolation.Hydrogen offers the ability to convert,store and reconvert energy on various timescales.This review critically analyses the current literature of hydrogen production and storage in relation to power systems integration,synthesizing technical,economic and operational advances.The study synthesizes recent advances in electrolysis,particularly PEM and high-temperature SOEC systems,together with emerging PEC routes,biomass-to-hydrogen processes,and long-duration storage technologies.It considers,for storage,the performance and maturity of compressed gas,liquid hydrogen,metal and complex hydrides,liquid organic hydrogen carriers,and geological formations.Integration studies show that the value of hydrogen is enhanced as the share of renewables increases,providing seasonal storage,grid balancing,and sector coupling via power-to-hydrogen-to-power configurations.Yet technical,economic and other hurdles such as conversion losses,infrastructure requirements,and safety considerations are still holding back widespread implementation.The review also underlines the value of policy frameworks,such as country-level hydrogen strategies,carbon pricing,tax incentives,and harmonized safety standards to speed up adoption and reduce barriers to costs.The review synthesizes offer planners,operators,and policymakers a clear roadmap for aligning hydrogen deployment strategies with evolving technical requirements and high-renewable power-system conditions.By summarizing what is known and discussing opportunities for the future,this review is intended to be a roadmap towards maximizing hydrogen in reaching a flexible,resilient and carbon free power system.展开更多
Objective:This integrative review aims to synthesize observational evidence on the prevalence,predictors,and psychosocial correlates of death anxiety in patients with hear t failure(HF).Methods:A comprehensive literat...Objective:This integrative review aims to synthesize observational evidence on the prevalence,predictors,and psychosocial correlates of death anxiety in patients with hear t failure(HF).Methods:A comprehensive literature search was conducted using 5 major databases:Scopus,Pub Med,Science Direct,Embase,and Pro Quest.Inclusion criteria were primary research studies published in English between January 2014 and March 2025 that quantitatively assessed death anxiety among patients with HF and explored its associations with demographic,clinical,or psychosocial variables.Results:A total of 12 eligible studies were identified and systematically reviewed,revealing that death anxiety is moderate to high among most samples.Key predictors of this anxiety included older age,feelings of loneliness,low socioeconomic status,and longer duration of HF.Additionally,several studies highlighted protective factors such as spiritual orientation,religious coping,and resilience.Interventions,including cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT)and illness perception training,showed significant reductions in death anxiety.Conclusions:Death anxiety is a prevalent and impactful concern among Patients with HF,influenced by both individual and contextual factors.Routine assessment and integration of psychosocial and spiritual care—alongside evidence-based psychological interventions—are essential to address this critical aspect of HF management.展开更多
The rapid expansion of the low-altitude economy is driving strong demand for highly accurate and reliable positioning technologies to support diverse aerial operations.This review examines core positioning methodologi...The rapid expansion of the low-altitude economy is driving strong demand for highly accurate and reliable positioning technologies to support diverse aerial operations.This review examines core positioning methodologies within the low-altitude intelligent network(LAIN)framework,beginning with an analysis of positioning requirements and performance metrics for low-altitude flight scenarios.It systematically assesses the principles,strengths,and limitations of mainstream positioning systems,including Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS),terrestrial wireless positioning,and autonomous navigation,and it surveys prevalent integrated and cooperative positioning schemes.Our analysis demonstrates that standalone positioning technologies are inadequate in complex low-altitude settings,underscoring the pivotal role of multi-source fusion and unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)swarm cooperative positioning as future trends.To address infrastructure gaps and high deployment costs in current LAIN systems,we propose a“space−air−ground”integrated and cooperative positioning architecture centered on GNSS and the 5th generation mobile communication technology(5G).The ground layer integrates 5G and GNSS for wide-area enhanced positioning.The aerial layer uses 5G aircraft-to-everything(A2X)and sidelink(SL)communications to build self-organizing networks for cooperative UAV localization.The space layer leverages low Earth orbit(LEO)satellites to overcome coverage limitations in communication and positioning.This hierarchical architecture reduces deployment costs through infrastructure reuse and enables deep integration of communication and navigation capabilities.By supporting collaborative enhancement across all three domains,the framework improves positioning robustness and delivers cost-effective,ubiquitous,and highly reliable positioning services.Finally,we outline promising research directions.This review aims to provide a systematic reference and a novel architectural perspective for the ongoing development of LAIN.展开更多
With the rapid expansion of the Internet of Things(IoT),user data has experienced exponential growth,leading to increasing concerns about the security and integrity of data stored in the cloud.Traditional schemes rely...With the rapid expansion of the Internet of Things(IoT),user data has experienced exponential growth,leading to increasing concerns about the security and integrity of data stored in the cloud.Traditional schemes relying on untrusted third-party auditors suffer from both security and efficiency issues,while existing decentralized blockchain-based auditing solutions still face shortcomings in correctness and security.This paper proposes an improved blockchain-based cloud auditing scheme,with the following core contributions:Identifying critical logical contradictions in the original scheme,thereby establishing the foundation for the correctness of cloud auditing;Designing an enhanced mechanism that integrates multiple hashing with dynamic aggregate signatures,binding encrypted blocks through bilinear pairings and BLS signatures,and improving the scheme by setting parameters based on the Computational Diffie-Hellman(CDH)problem,significantly strengthening data integrity protection and anti-forgery capabilities;Introducing a random challenge mechanism and dynamic parameter adjustment strategy,effectively resisting various attacks such as forgery,tampering,and deletion,significantly improving the detection probability of malicious Cloud Service Providers(CSPs),and significantly reducing the proof generation overhead for CSPswhilemaintaining the same computational cost forDataOwners.Theoretical analysis and performance evaluation experiments demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves significant improvements in both security and efficiency.Finally,the paper explores potential applications of the Enhanced Security Scheme in fields such as healthcare,drone swarms,and government office attendance systems,providing an effective approach for building secure,efficient,and decentralized cloud auditing systems.展开更多
Ningxia is an ethnic gathering area boasting abundant tourism and cultural resources.Developing the cause of tourism and culture is an important way to encourage all ethnic groups to respect differences,embrace divers...Ningxia is an ethnic gathering area boasting abundant tourism and cultural resources.Developing the cause of tourism and culture is an important way to encourage all ethnic groups to respect differences,embrace diversity,and demonstrate their interactions,exchanges,and integration in tourism activities.As an important preserve of the distinctive cultures of the Chinese nation and a prominent world tourist destination,Ningxia should strive to foster and consolidate the sense of a community with a shared future for the Chinese nation in developing its tourism and culture under the new historical conditions.It is imperative to advance the prosperity and development of tourism and culture in boosting ethnic interactions,exchanges,and integration through the formulation of tourism and cultural policies and plans,as well as the development and design of tourism and cultural projects.展开更多
This paper investigates the teaching reform of the Program Comprehension and Analysis course in the context of industry-education integration and AI empowerment.To align with the evolving needs of the software industr...This paper investigates the teaching reform of the Program Comprehension and Analysis course in the context of industry-education integration and AI empowerment.To align with the evolving needs of the software industry,the course content has been updated to incorporate AI techniques such as large language models and deep learning.The reform enriches educational resources and introduces innovative instructional approaches.In addition,high-quality practical teaching cases have been developed,and immersive,hands-on learning experiences have been designed based on industrial platforms and real-world applications.These initiatives aim to enhance the practical skills and innovative thinking of professional degree graduate students,fostering high-caliber talent that aligns with industry demands.A survey of 90 graduate students revealed high levels of satisfaction regarding course content,teaching methodology,and skill development.The reform has proven effective in cultivating interdisciplinary professionals with solid foundations in software engineering and AI-driven innovation.展开更多
The commercial AM60(Mg−6Al−0.3Mn)die-casting alloy was modified through Mn,Ce,and La micro-alloying,each at a content below 0.2 wt.%.SEM,TEM,and Micro-CT were employed to characterize the microstructures and propertie...The commercial AM60(Mg−6Al−0.3Mn)die-casting alloy was modified through Mn,Ce,and La micro-alloying,each at a content below 0.2 wt.%.SEM,TEM,and Micro-CT were employed to characterize the microstructures and properties of AM60 based alloys.AM60-0.2La alloy showed excellent mechanical properties.The ultimate tensile strength,yield strength,and elongation of(288.0±1.7)MPa,(158.0±1.0)MPa,and(22.0±3.0)%were achieved in AM60-0.2La alloy.Besides,AM60-0.2La alloy exhibited the best corrosion resistance(0.29 mm/a)and fluidity among the investigated four alloys.The excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance are mainly attributed to the grain refinement strengthening,low porosity,and low content of large shrinkage porosity,promising for super-sized integrated automotive components.展开更多
Promoting urban-rural integration and facilitating the bidirectional flow of urban and rural elements are core spatial objectives in the new era of China.The urban-rural fringe represents the region with the most inte...Promoting urban-rural integration and facilitating the bidirectional flow of urban and rural elements are core spatial objectives in the new era of China.The urban-rural fringe represents the region with the most intense interaction between urban and rural areas,serving as a key zone for breaking down barriers and promoting urban-rural integration.Based on a systematic review of representative case studies and scholarly literature,this paper synthesizes the evolving research perspectives on the urban-rural fringe,with particular attention to how data-driven approaches that integrate official statistics,remote sensing imagery,points of interest,and mobile phone signaling data have advanced the characterization of fringe features,refined identification methods,and revealed emerging developmental trends through spatial clustering and machine learning classification.It proposes an integrated analytical framework encompassing administrative boundaries,economic metabolism,social activities,material infrastructure,and the ecological environment.The paper further examines the characteristics and emerging development trends of urban-rural fringe areas and advances a set of strategic directions to support urban-rural integration and more efficient resource allocation.These include expanding analytical dimensions,enhancing data integration,refining identification criteria,elucidating mechanisms of internal and external interactions,and strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration.Collectively,these efforts offer actionable insights for optimizing public service delivery,directing infrastructure investment in transportation and utilities,delineating ecological conservation boundaries,and implementing place-based socioeconomic revitalization strategies in the urban-rural fringe regions.展开更多
The Chinese Giant Solar Telescope(CGST)low-dispersion spectrograph requires a large field-of-view(FOV)and high spatial resolution,which can be addressed by a carefully designed image slicer system.Our proposed design ...The Chinese Giant Solar Telescope(CGST)low-dispersion spectrograph requires a large field-of-view(FOV)and high spatial resolution,which can be addressed by a carefully designed image slicer system.Our proposed design divides the rectangular 50″×20″FOV at the telescope focal plane into four 50″×5″subfields.Each subfield undergoes optical reconstruction using its independent collimator-camera system(F/36-F/25.79),achieving vertical alignment and focal reduction of subfields to form a pseudo-slit.Using tilt mirrors for scanning allows simultaneous acquisition of spectral data with both a large FOV and a high angular resolution of 0.05″.This resolves manufacturing challenges for an image slicer,avoiding the requirement for hundreds of elements,multi-angle configurations,and compact dimensions,and also provides effective technical support for engineering work on the CGST.展开更多
This paper investigates the traffic offloading optimization challenge in Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks(SAGIN)through a novel Recursive Multi-Agent Proximal Policy Optimization(RMAPPO)algorithm.The exponential g...This paper investigates the traffic offloading optimization challenge in Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks(SAGIN)through a novel Recursive Multi-Agent Proximal Policy Optimization(RMAPPO)algorithm.The exponential growth of mobile devices and data traffic has substantially increased network congestion,particularly in urban areas and regions with limited terrestrial infrastructure.Our approach jointly optimizes unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)trajectories and satellite-assisted offloading strategies to simultaneously maximize data throughput,minimize energy consumption,and maintain equitable resource distribution.The proposed RMAPPO framework incorporates recurrent neural networks(RNNs)to model temporal dependencies in UAV mobility patterns and utilizes a decentralized multi-agent reinforcement learning architecture to reduce communication overhead while improving system robustness.The proposed RMAPPO algorithm was evaluated through simulation experiments,with the results indicating that it significantly enhances the cumulative traffic offloading rate of nodes and reduces the energy consumption of UAVs.展开更多
In this paper,Schwarz-type lemmas for different classes of quaternion functions are obtained.Firstly,some properties of symmetric points are given.Secondly,the Schwarz-type lemma and the Schwarz-Pick-type theorem for ...In this paper,Schwarz-type lemmas for different classes of quaternion functions are obtained.Firstly,some properties of symmetric points are given.Secondly,the Schwarz-type lemma and the Schwarz-Pick-type theorem for quaternion regular functions are obtained.Finally,the Schwarz-type lemma for quaternion k-regular functions is derived.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality(No.F252065)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32271190,32571323)the STI 2030 Major Project(No.2021ZD0203202)。
文摘Knee osteoarthritis(KOA)represents one of the most common causes of chronic pain.The high prevalence and disability rates of KOA impose a severe burden on both individuals and society.In contrast to cutaneous pain,KOA-induced joint pain is characterized as a deep tissue pain that potentially involves distinct subgroups of peripheral sensory neurons and central processing mechanisms.Furthermore,KOA pain is closely related to locomotion activity.Impaired sensorimotor integration and pain mutually reinforce each other in KOA,forming a vicious cycle that exacerbates disease progression.In this review,we highlight the key differences between KOA pain and cutaneous pain,and the latter has been extensively studied in the pain field.We hope to offer new insights into the central mechanisms and development of new treatment strategies for KOA based on the interactions between impaired sensorimotor integration and chronic joint pain.
基金supported by the Financial Special Fund,grant number XZ202401JD0027National Barley Industry Technology System(CARS-05-01A-08)+3 种基金the Xizang Agri-Tech Innovation Project(XZNKY-2025-CXGC-T01)the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U20A2026)the Financial Special Fund,grant number(32401784,2017CZZX001/2,XZNKY-2018-C-021 and NYSTC202401)the China Agriculture Research System of Barley(CARS-05).
文摘Qingke,a staple crop grown on the high-altitude Tibetan Plateau,has evolved a metabolomic profile providing both environmental stress resilience and human nutrition.We review the hypothesis that the metabolites that confer cold and UV resistance on the crop also facilitate human adaptation to high-altitude stresses.Specifically,β-glucans regulate blood glucose primarily via short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)produced through gut microbiota fermentation,which directly mediate glucose homeostasis.Phenolamides accumulate via the phenylpropanoid pathway,with chalcone isomerase(CHI)serving as a key enzyme in flavonoid biosynthesis and enhancing UV-B resistance.Under low temperatures,β-glucans improve frost tolerance by modulating osmotic balance and inhibiting ice-nucleating proteins,while lipids maintain membrane fluidity to sustain cellular function during cold stress.Importantly,we explore the hypothesis that these same metabolites,upon consumption,may facilitate human adaptation to high-altitude stresses.This hypothesis is supported by preliminary epidemiological associations between Qingke consumption and favorable health outcomes in high-altitude populations,as well as established bioactivities of the implicated metabolites in vitro and in animal models.However,direct causal evidence in humans and a comprehensive understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms remain key knowledge gaps that warrant future investigation.Qingke as a unique resource at the interface of agricultural resilience and human nutrition.Understanding its metabolic blueprint will inform the development of functional foods and climate-resilient crops.
文摘Faculty development serves as a critical foundation for ensuring the quality of higher education.To meet the needs of cultivating specialized software talents and promoting teaching reform,it is particularly crucial to build a faculty team with knowledge in industry application fields and experience in domestic software development.This paper first analyzes the new requirements for the faculty imposed by the cultivation of specialized software talents and the existing problems in the current faculty.Then,in response to these issues,it introduces the reforms and explorations carried out by the School of Software Engineering at Beijing Jiaotong University in the construction of the faculty for cultivating specialized software talents.The aim is to build a high-caliber and diversified faculty that boasts strong political qualities,interdisciplinary integration,complementary advantages between full-time and part-time faculty,and in-depth integration of industry and education.
基金supported by the Shenzhen Medical Research Fund(Grant No.A2303049)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research(Grant No.2023A1515010647)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22004135)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(Grant No.RCBS20210706092409020,GXWD20201231165807008,20200824162253002).
文摘Multi-organ-on-a-chip(MOOC)technology represents a pivotal direction in the organ-on-a-chip field,seeking to emulate the complex interactions of multiple human organs in vitro through microfluidic systems.This technology overcomes the limitations of traditional single-organ models,providing a novel platform for investigating complex disease mechanisms and evaluating drug efficacy and toxicity.Although it demonstrates broad application prospects,its development still faces critical bottlenecks,including inadequate physiological coupling between organs,short functional maintenance durations,and limited real-time monitoring capabilities.Contemporary research is advancing along three key directions,including functional coupling,sensor integration,and full-process automation systems,to propel the technology toward enhanced levels of physiological relevance and predictive accuracy.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Plan Project under Grants 2020YFA0715000,62075081,and 20220402011GH。
文摘Laser micro-nano processing technologies have been developed to address challenges that are otherwise difficult to solve in industrial applications and diverse scientific fields.These technologies offer designable patterning,arraying capabilities,three-dimensional(3D)processing,and high precision.Recent advancements in laser technologies have demonstrated their effectiveness as powerful tools for micro-nano processing of optoelectronic materials.By utilizing various laser techniques—such as laser-induced polymerization,laser ablation,laser-induced transfer,laser-directed assembly,and laser-assisted crystallization—broad applications in image sensors,displays,solar cells,lasers,anti-counterfeiting,and information encryption have been enabled.This review comprehensively summarizes recent progress in the laser micro-nano processing of optoelectronic materials,including the technologies used for preparation,patterning,arraying,and modification.These laser fabrication methods uniquely provide capabilities such as annealing,phase transitions,and ion exchange in optoelectronic materials.We also discuss the perspectives and challenges for future developments,including the advantages,disadvantages,and potential applications of different laser micro-nano processing technologies.With the rapid advancements in laser micro-nanofabrication,we foresee significant growth in advanced,high-performance optoelectronic applications.This review aims to provide researchers with insights into the current state and future prospects of laser-based micro-nano processing,encouraging further exploration and innovation in this promising field.
文摘The world’s first hybrid commutated converter(HCC)—a next-generation high-voltage direct current(HVDC)transmission valve based on integrated gate commutated thyristor(IGCT)technology—officially commenced commercial operation at the Lingbao Converter Station in Henan Province,China,on December 28,2025,as shown in Figure 1.This milestone signifies the resolution of the“commutation failure”challenge that has plagued global HVDC transmission systems for over half a century.
基金the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NO.52173028)。
文摘Since the first design of tactile sensors was proposed by Harmon in 1982,tactile sensors have evolved through four key phases:industrial applications(1980s,basic pressure detection),miniaturization via MEMS(1990s),flexible electronics(2010s,stretchable materials),and intelligent systems(2020s-present,AI-driven multimodal sensing).With the innovation of material,processing techniques,and multimodal fusion of stimuli,the application of tactile sensors has been continuously expanding to a diversity of areas,including but not limited to medical care,aerospace,sports and intelligent robots.Currently,researchers are dedicated to develop tactile sensors with emerging mechanisms and structures,pursuing high-sensitivity,high-resolution,and multimodal characteristics and further constructing tactile systems which imitate and approach the performance of human organs.However,challenges in the combination between the theoretical research and the practical applications are still significant.There is a lack of comprehensive understanding in the state of the art of such knowledge transferring from academic work to technical products.Scaled-up production of laboratory materials faces fatal challenges like high costs,small scale,and inconsistent quality.Ambient factors,such as temperature,humidity,and electromagnetic interference,also impair signal reliability.Moreover,tactile sensors must operate across a wide pressure range(0.1 k Pa to several or even dozens of MPa)to meet diverse application needs.Meanwhile,the existing algorithms,data models and sensing systems commonly reveal insufficient precision as well as undesired robustness in data processing,and there is a realistic gap between the designed and the demanded system response speed.In this review,oriented by the design requirements of intelligent tactile sensing systems,we summarize the common sensing mechanisms,inspired structures,key performance,and optimizing strategies,followed by a brief overview of the recent advances in the perspectives of system integration and algorithm implementation,and the possible roadmap of future development of tactile sensors,providing a forward-looking as well as critical discussions in the future industrial applications of flexible tactile sensors.
基金supported in part by theHubei Engineering Research Center for BDS-CloudHigh-Precision Deformation Monitoring Open Funding(No.HBBDGJ202507Y)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62377037).
文摘The large-scale deployment of Internet of Things(IoT)technology across various aspects of daily life has significantly propelled the intelligent development of society.Among them,the integration of IoT and named data networks(NDNs)reduces network complexity and provides practical directions for content-oriented network design.However,ensuring data integrity in NDN-IoT applications remains a challenging issue.Very recently,Wang et al.(Entropy,27(5),471(2025))designed a certificateless aggregate signature(CLAS)scheme for NDN-IoT environments.Wang et al.stated that their construction was provably secure under various types of security attacks.Using theoretical analysis methods,in this work,we reveal that their CLAS design fails to meet unforgeability,a core security requirement for CLAS schemes.In particular,we demonstrate that their scheme is vulnerable to amalicious public-key replacement attack,enabling an adversary to produce authentic signatures for arbitrary fraudulent messages.Therefore,Wang et al.’s design cannot achieve its goal.To address the issue,we systematically examine the root causes behind the vulnerability and propose a security-enhanced CLAS construction for NDN-IoT environments.We prove the security ofour improveddesignunder the standard security assumptionandalsoanalyze its practicalperformanceby comparing the computational and communication costs with several related works.The comparison results show the practicality of our design.
基金funding this research work through the project number(PSAU/2025/01/38318).
文摘The fast-changing trajectory of energy systems toward renewables requires flexible,low-emission technologies that can buffer supply intermittently and offer large-scale energy storage systems.Moreso,hydrogen is increasingly viewed as a multi-scale flexibility resource capable of supporting deep decarbonization in renewable-dominated power systems,yet existing reviews often treat production,storage,and conversion technologies in isolation.Hydrogen offers the ability to convert,store and reconvert energy on various timescales.This review critically analyses the current literature of hydrogen production and storage in relation to power systems integration,synthesizing technical,economic and operational advances.The study synthesizes recent advances in electrolysis,particularly PEM and high-temperature SOEC systems,together with emerging PEC routes,biomass-to-hydrogen processes,and long-duration storage technologies.It considers,for storage,the performance and maturity of compressed gas,liquid hydrogen,metal and complex hydrides,liquid organic hydrogen carriers,and geological formations.Integration studies show that the value of hydrogen is enhanced as the share of renewables increases,providing seasonal storage,grid balancing,and sector coupling via power-to-hydrogen-to-power configurations.Yet technical,economic and other hurdles such as conversion losses,infrastructure requirements,and safety considerations are still holding back widespread implementation.The review also underlines the value of policy frameworks,such as country-level hydrogen strategies,carbon pricing,tax incentives,and harmonized safety standards to speed up adoption and reduce barriers to costs.The review synthesizes offer planners,operators,and policymakers a clear roadmap for aligning hydrogen deployment strategies with evolving technical requirements and high-renewable power-system conditions.By summarizing what is known and discussing opportunities for the future,this review is intended to be a roadmap towards maximizing hydrogen in reaching a flexible,resilient and carbon free power system.
文摘Objective:This integrative review aims to synthesize observational evidence on the prevalence,predictors,and psychosocial correlates of death anxiety in patients with hear t failure(HF).Methods:A comprehensive literature search was conducted using 5 major databases:Scopus,Pub Med,Science Direct,Embase,and Pro Quest.Inclusion criteria were primary research studies published in English between January 2014 and March 2025 that quantitatively assessed death anxiety among patients with HF and explored its associations with demographic,clinical,or psychosocial variables.Results:A total of 12 eligible studies were identified and systematically reviewed,revealing that death anxiety is moderate to high among most samples.Key predictors of this anxiety included older age,feelings of loneliness,low socioeconomic status,and longer duration of HF.Additionally,several studies highlighted protective factors such as spiritual orientation,religious coping,and resilience.Interventions,including cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT)and illness perception training,showed significant reductions in death anxiety.Conclusions:Death anxiety is a prevalent and impactful concern among Patients with HF,influenced by both individual and contextual factors.Routine assessment and integration of psychosocial and spiritual care—alongside evidence-based psychological interventions—are essential to address this critical aspect of HF management.
基金supported by the National Key Research&Development Program of China(No.2024YFB3910102).
文摘The rapid expansion of the low-altitude economy is driving strong demand for highly accurate and reliable positioning technologies to support diverse aerial operations.This review examines core positioning methodologies within the low-altitude intelligent network(LAIN)framework,beginning with an analysis of positioning requirements and performance metrics for low-altitude flight scenarios.It systematically assesses the principles,strengths,and limitations of mainstream positioning systems,including Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS),terrestrial wireless positioning,and autonomous navigation,and it surveys prevalent integrated and cooperative positioning schemes.Our analysis demonstrates that standalone positioning technologies are inadequate in complex low-altitude settings,underscoring the pivotal role of multi-source fusion and unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)swarm cooperative positioning as future trends.To address infrastructure gaps and high deployment costs in current LAIN systems,we propose a“space−air−ground”integrated and cooperative positioning architecture centered on GNSS and the 5th generation mobile communication technology(5G).The ground layer integrates 5G and GNSS for wide-area enhanced positioning.The aerial layer uses 5G aircraft-to-everything(A2X)and sidelink(SL)communications to build self-organizing networks for cooperative UAV localization.The space layer leverages low Earth orbit(LEO)satellites to overcome coverage limitations in communication and positioning.This hierarchical architecture reduces deployment costs through infrastructure reuse and enables deep integration of communication and navigation capabilities.By supporting collaborative enhancement across all three domains,the framework improves positioning robustness and delivers cost-effective,ubiquitous,and highly reliable positioning services.Finally,we outline promising research directions.This review aims to provide a systematic reference and a novel architectural perspective for the ongoing development of LAIN.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(New Design and Analysis of Fully Homomorphic Signatures,Grant No.62172436).
文摘With the rapid expansion of the Internet of Things(IoT),user data has experienced exponential growth,leading to increasing concerns about the security and integrity of data stored in the cloud.Traditional schemes relying on untrusted third-party auditors suffer from both security and efficiency issues,while existing decentralized blockchain-based auditing solutions still face shortcomings in correctness and security.This paper proposes an improved blockchain-based cloud auditing scheme,with the following core contributions:Identifying critical logical contradictions in the original scheme,thereby establishing the foundation for the correctness of cloud auditing;Designing an enhanced mechanism that integrates multiple hashing with dynamic aggregate signatures,binding encrypted blocks through bilinear pairings and BLS signatures,and improving the scheme by setting parameters based on the Computational Diffie-Hellman(CDH)problem,significantly strengthening data integrity protection and anti-forgery capabilities;Introducing a random challenge mechanism and dynamic parameter adjustment strategy,effectively resisting various attacks such as forgery,tampering,and deletion,significantly improving the detection probability of malicious Cloud Service Providers(CSPs),and significantly reducing the proof generation overhead for CSPswhilemaintaining the same computational cost forDataOwners.Theoretical analysis and performance evaluation experiments demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves significant improvements in both security and efficiency.Finally,the paper explores potential applications of the Enhanced Security Scheme in fields such as healthcare,drone swarms,and government office attendance systems,providing an effective approach for building secure,efficient,and decentralized cloud auditing systems.
文摘Ningxia is an ethnic gathering area boasting abundant tourism and cultural resources.Developing the cause of tourism and culture is an important way to encourage all ethnic groups to respect differences,embrace diversity,and demonstrate their interactions,exchanges,and integration in tourism activities.As an important preserve of the distinctive cultures of the Chinese nation and a prominent world tourist destination,Ningxia should strive to foster and consolidate the sense of a community with a shared future for the Chinese nation in developing its tourism and culture under the new historical conditions.It is imperative to advance the prosperity and development of tourism and culture in boosting ethnic interactions,exchanges,and integration through the formulation of tourism and cultural policies and plans,as well as the development and design of tourism and cultural projects.
基金supported by Project of Higher Education Teaching Reform Research in Heilongjiang Province(Graduate Education)(Grant No.SJGYY2024030).
文摘This paper investigates the teaching reform of the Program Comprehension and Analysis course in the context of industry-education integration and AI empowerment.To align with the evolving needs of the software industry,the course content has been updated to incorporate AI techniques such as large language models and deep learning.The reform enriches educational resources and introduces innovative instructional approaches.In addition,high-quality practical teaching cases have been developed,and immersive,hands-on learning experiences have been designed based on industrial platforms and real-world applications.These initiatives aim to enhance the practical skills and innovative thinking of professional degree graduate students,fostering high-caliber talent that aligns with industry demands.A survey of 90 graduate students revealed high levels of satisfaction regarding course content,teaching methodology,and skill development.The reform has proven effective in cultivating interdisciplinary professionals with solid foundations in software engineering and AI-driven innovation.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2022YFB3709300,2021YFB3701000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52271090,52071036,U2037601,U21A2048)+1 种基金Chongqing Science and Technology Commission,China(Nos.CSTB2022TIAD-KPX0021,CSTC2024YCJHBGZXM0164,CSTB2024TIAD-KPX0001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.2022CDJDX-002)。
文摘The commercial AM60(Mg−6Al−0.3Mn)die-casting alloy was modified through Mn,Ce,and La micro-alloying,each at a content below 0.2 wt.%.SEM,TEM,and Micro-CT were employed to characterize the microstructures and properties of AM60 based alloys.AM60-0.2La alloy showed excellent mechanical properties.The ultimate tensile strength,yield strength,and elongation of(288.0±1.7)MPa,(158.0±1.0)MPa,and(22.0±3.0)%were achieved in AM60-0.2La alloy.Besides,AM60-0.2La alloy exhibited the best corrosion resistance(0.29 mm/a)and fluidity among the investigated four alloys.The excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance are mainly attributed to the grain refinement strengthening,low porosity,and low content of large shrinkage porosity,promising for super-sized integrated automotive components.
基金Under the auspices of the Funding Project of Northeast Geological S&T Innovation Center of China Geological Survey(No.QCJJ2024-11)Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(No.2025-BS-0873)+1 种基金Liaoning Provincial Joint Science and Technology Program(No.2024-MSLH-507)National Social Science Foundation of China(No.23ATJ006)。
文摘Promoting urban-rural integration and facilitating the bidirectional flow of urban and rural elements are core spatial objectives in the new era of China.The urban-rural fringe represents the region with the most intense interaction between urban and rural areas,serving as a key zone for breaking down barriers and promoting urban-rural integration.Based on a systematic review of representative case studies and scholarly literature,this paper synthesizes the evolving research perspectives on the urban-rural fringe,with particular attention to how data-driven approaches that integrate official statistics,remote sensing imagery,points of interest,and mobile phone signaling data have advanced the characterization of fringe features,refined identification methods,and revealed emerging developmental trends through spatial clustering and machine learning classification.It proposes an integrated analytical framework encompassing administrative boundaries,economic metabolism,social activities,material infrastructure,and the ecological environment.The paper further examines the characteristics and emerging development trends of urban-rural fringe areas and advances a set of strategic directions to support urban-rural integration and more efficient resource allocation.These include expanding analytical dimensions,enhancing data integration,refining identification criteria,elucidating mechanisms of internal and external interactions,and strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration.Collectively,these efforts offer actionable insights for optimizing public service delivery,directing infrastructure investment in transportation and utilities,delineating ecological conservation boundaries,and implementing place-based socioeconomic revitalization strategies in the urban-rural fringe regions.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Programme‘Frontier Research on Large Scientific Devices’Key Special Project(2024YFA1612000)Sino-German Science Foundation Program(M-0086)Yunnan Science and Technology Leading Talent Program(202105AB160001).
文摘The Chinese Giant Solar Telescope(CGST)low-dispersion spectrograph requires a large field-of-view(FOV)and high spatial resolution,which can be addressed by a carefully designed image slicer system.Our proposed design divides the rectangular 50″×20″FOV at the telescope focal plane into four 50″×5″subfields.Each subfield undergoes optical reconstruction using its independent collimator-camera system(F/36-F/25.79),achieving vertical alignment and focal reduction of subfields to form a pseudo-slit.Using tilt mirrors for scanning allows simultaneous acquisition of spectral data with both a large FOV and a high angular resolution of 0.05″.This resolves manufacturing challenges for an image slicer,avoiding the requirement for hundreds of elements,multi-angle configurations,and compact dimensions,and also provides effective technical support for engineering work on the CGST.
文摘This paper investigates the traffic offloading optimization challenge in Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks(SAGIN)through a novel Recursive Multi-Agent Proximal Policy Optimization(RMAPPO)algorithm.The exponential growth of mobile devices and data traffic has substantially increased network congestion,particularly in urban areas and regions with limited terrestrial infrastructure.Our approach jointly optimizes unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)trajectories and satellite-assisted offloading strategies to simultaneously maximize data throughput,minimize energy consumption,and maintain equitable resource distribution.The proposed RMAPPO framework incorporates recurrent neural networks(RNNs)to model temporal dependencies in UAV mobility patterns and utilizes a decentralized multi-agent reinforcement learning architecture to reduce communication overhead while improving system robustness.The proposed RMAPPO algorithm was evaluated through simulation experiments,with the results indicating that it significantly enhances the cumulative traffic offloading rate of nodes and reduces the energy consumption of UAVs.
基金supported by the Innovation Foundation of the School of Mathematical Sciences in Hebei Normal University in 2025(ycxzzbs202503)the NSF of Hebei Province(A2023205006,A2022208007,A2023205045,A2024208005)+2 种基金the Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline Pure Mathematics,the Key Development Foundation of Hebei Normal University(L2024ZD08)the NSFC(12431005)the Funding Project of Central Guidance for Local Scientific and Technological Development(246Z7608G).
文摘In this paper,Schwarz-type lemmas for different classes of quaternion functions are obtained.Firstly,some properties of symmetric points are given.Secondly,the Schwarz-type lemma and the Schwarz-Pick-type theorem for quaternion regular functions are obtained.Finally,the Schwarz-type lemma for quaternion k-regular functions is derived.
