It is a common misconception that e-cigarettes are safer than tobacco smoking,given their adverse cardiopulmonary effects,habituation,and the fact that it is only a fashion based manifestation to sell and use them.The...It is a common misconception that e-cigarettes are safer than tobacco smoking,given their adverse cardiopulmonary effects,habituation,and the fact that it is only a fashion based manifestation to sell and use them.Therefore,the use of e cigarettes should not be encouraged as an alternative and pragmatic measure should be taken to profess this agenda.展开更多
The conversion of subtropical red soils into farmland involves complex transformations of iron oxides.Investigating iron mineralogy can enhance understanding of magnetic minerals in relation to soil formation on farml...The conversion of subtropical red soils into farmland involves complex transformations of iron oxides.Investigating iron mineralogy can enhance understanding of magnetic minerals in relation to soil formation on farmland in subtropical regions.In this study,we investigated the properties of iron oxide and its environmental implications in the farmland of Meizhou city,Guangdong province.The results showed that farmland soils had higher magnetism than the red soils developed from the same metamorphic rock.The red soils displayed significantly higher concentrations of goethite and hematite than the farmland soils.The dominant factor influencing the magnetic changes in farmland and red soils was the concentration of fine-grained ferromagnetic minerals.Red soil magnetism is an indicator of soil weathering intensity,whereas farmland soil magnetism is closely related to human cultivation activities.In contrast to the red soils,the farmland soils lacked the pronounced transformation of ferromagnetic minerals into hematite and goethite.A vigorous oxidation process catalyzes the transformation of strong magnetic minerals into significant amounts of hematite and goethite,which promotes the reduced magnetism of red soils.The conversion of red soils into farmland soils initially increased the accumulation of ferromagnetic materials due to cultivation processes.However,long-term cultivation led to the gradual loss of fine-grained ferromagnetic minerals,while goethite and lepidocrocite became the dominant magnetic mineral types.展开更多
Marx scientifically summarized the experience and lessons of the Paris Commune,deeply exposed the root causes of bourgeois corruption,and emphasized the purity and advancement of the construction of proletarian politi...Marx scientifically summarized the experience and lessons of the Paris Commune,deeply exposed the root causes of bourgeois corruption,and emphasized the purity and advancement of the construction of proletarian political parties and political power.The dictatorship of the proletariat puts forward the ideas of cheap government that eradicate corruption,realizes that the people are the masters of the country,implements democratic supervision of elections,simplifies the construction of institutions,lowers governance costs,and achieves higher efficiency.A deep understanding of the theoretical characteristics of Marx’s thoughts on integrity,democracy,and honor,and a profound clarification of the practical significance of Marx’s ideology on clean governance,combined with practical practice,will help promote the construction of a new system of anti-corruption and incorruption in our country,and will benefit our contemporary services.The construction of a type-oriented government system is conducive to deepening the construction of China’s national legal system.展开更多
Schizophrenia is a multifaceted neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by hallucinations,delusions,cognitive deficits,and emotional dysregulation.The prefrontal cortex(PFC),essential for executive functions,working...Schizophrenia is a multifaceted neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by hallucinations,delusions,cognitive deficits,and emotional dysregulation.The prefrontal cortex(PFC),essential for executive functions,working memory,and emotional regulation,is notably impaired in this condition.This review consolidates current insights into the role of PFC dysfunction in schizophrenia,with a focus on its implications for therapeutic strategies.The neuroanatomical and neurobiological foundations of PFC dysfunction are explored,emphasizing structural abnormalities,functional dysconnectivity,and microcircuit disruptions that contribute to cognitive deficits and impaired decision-making.Clinical implications are discussed,particularly the correlation between PFC dysfunction and the severity and progression of schizophrenia symptoms.Additionally,pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches aimed at modulating PFC activity are reviewed as potential therapeutic options.In conclusion,a deeper understanding of PFC dysfunction is pivotal for developing targeted treatments,and ongoing research offers promising avenues for enhancing outcomes for individuals affected by this debilitating disorder.展开更多
Teacher professional identity is a comprehensive reflection of teachers’role perception,emotional experiences,and behavioral tendencies towards their profession.It serves as an intrinsic driving force for teachers’p...Teacher professional identity is a comprehensive reflection of teachers’role perception,emotional experiences,and behavioral tendencies towards their profession.It serves as an intrinsic driving force for teachers’professional development and is also a crucial issue in teacher education research.From a global perspective,this study systematically reviews and examines relevant research on the professional identity of international Chinese language teachers(ICLTs).A comparative analysis is conducted between Chinese and foreign scholars’research in terms of theoretical foundations,research subjects,research content,and research methodologies.This comprehensive overview of the current research landscape in this field,along with a summary of existing achievements and identified problems,facilitates the transformation of fragmented research findings on ICLTs’professional identity into a systematic understanding and reveals research gaps.Building upon this foundation,the study proposes future research prospects for the professional identity of ICLTs from aspects such as the construction of a cross-cultural perspective-based teacher professional identity system,the transformation of teacher professional identity in the context of digital transformation,and case studies on ICLTs’professional identity.The aim is to promote high-quality development in both theory and practice of international Chinese language education.展开更多
Bocapavovirus,a member of the genus Bocaparvovirus within the subfamily Parvovirinae and the family Parvoviridae,is a small,non-enveloped,single-stranded DNA virus.This pathogen poses health risks to both humans and a...Bocapavovirus,a member of the genus Bocaparvovirus within the subfamily Parvovirinae and the family Parvoviridae,is a small,non-enveloped,single-stranded DNA virus.This pathogen poses health risks to both humans and animals.The Bocaparvovirus genome.展开更多
Rapid technological advancements are driving embodied intelligent robots from laboratories to real-life applications to serve as a key force reshaping the future way of life.Like many other revolutionary technologies,...Rapid technological advancements are driving embodied intelligent robots from laboratories to real-life applications to serve as a key force reshaping the future way of life.Like many other revolutionary technologies,while sparking utopian visions of the future,the development of embodied intelligence has aroused concerns about safety risks, emotional ethics, and socio-cultural implications.展开更多
Interval-valued pre-aggregation functions are a hot topic in the research of aggregation functions and have received considerable attention in recent years.As a special class of interval-valued pre-aggregation functio...Interval-valued pre-aggregation functions are a hot topic in the research of aggregation functions and have received considerable attention in recent years.As a special class of interval-valued pre-aggregation functions,(light)interval-valued pre-t-norms were initially proposed by Wang and Hu,but their properties were not further discussed by the authors.The main purpose of this paper is to study in depth the properties and generation of(light)intervalvalued pre-t-norms.Firstly,several properties of(light)interval-valued pre-t-norms and their relationship with(light)pre-t-norms are presented.Then,two different generation methods for(light)interval-valued pre-t-norms are introduced.Finally,it demonstrates a specific application of(light)interval-valued pre-t-norms in constructing interval-valued directional monotonic fuzzy implications,namely,using the(light)interval-valued pre-t-norm IT,interval-valued fuzzy negations IN,and(light)interval-valued pre-t-conorm IS to construct interval-valued QL-directional monotonic operations.展开更多
Although the late Quaternary slip rate of the Northern Margin Fault of the Huaizhuo Basin(NFHB)was studied approximately 30 years ago using thermoluminescence and geomorphic methods,the underlying uncertainty cannot b...Although the late Quaternary slip rate of the Northern Margin Fault of the Huaizhuo Basin(NFHB)was studied approximately 30 years ago using thermoluminescence and geomorphic methods,the underlying uncertainty cannot be neglected,considering the limitations resulting from age and displacement measurements.Accordingly,we attempted to re-estimate the late Quaternary slip rate of the NFHB using high-precision remote sensing image interpretation,large-scale geological and geomorphic mapping,paleoseismic analysis,and Quaternary geochronology testing.The results,based on stratigraphic dislocation and age constraint in the trenches,show that the present deformation of the NFHB has been dominated by the extension,with a vertical slip rate~0.04-0.11 mm/a.We estimate a vertical slip rate of~0.06 mm/a,with an R^(2) value of~0.91,which is much lower than the~0.5 mm/a result estimated previously.There are three possible reasons for this discrepancy.The first is the limitation resulting from dating and displacement measurements in earlier studies;the second is the slip decomposition caused by multiple branches of the NFHB,which leads to the low slip rate observed at a single fault;and third possible explanation is that the fault may be locked at present with a low slip rate,which means that the earthquake hazard of the NFHB cannot be ignored,and more in-depth research,such as geodetic and intensive observations of earthquake precursors,is urgently needed.This discovery poses a new challenge for the active study of the NFHB and the northeast corner of the Ordos Plateau in the North China Block.展开更多
Introduction Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)is a highly aggressive malignancy with limited treatment options.Despite advances in immunotherapy,response rates remain low,and the efficacy of current molecular subtyping1,2 ...Introduction Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)is a highly aggressive malignancy with limited treatment options.Despite advances in immunotherapy,response rates remain low,and the efficacy of current molecular subtyping1,2 is insufficient to predict therapeutic outcomes3,4.A recently identified vulnerability in SCLC involves the dysregulation of nuclear-cytoplasmic transport,particularly through exportin 1(XPO1)5-7.展开更多
The relationship between heaven and humanity is one of the fundamental philosophical foundations of ecological ethics in ancient Chinese Confucian thought.As a master of Confucian philosophy of mind,Wang Yangming inte...The relationship between heaven and humanity is one of the fundamental philosophical foundations of ecological ethics in ancient Chinese Confucian thought.As a master of Confucian philosophy of mind,Wang Yangming integrated the traditional Confucian discourse on the relationship between heaven and humanity into the principles of the philosophy of mind.Building on the traditional doctrine of benevolence centered on moral concern,he further developed an ecological view of‘benevolence as the unity of heaven and earth’.In his work Inquiry on the Great Learning,Wang Yangming systematically elaborated on this notion,emphasizing the philosophical expression of the relationship between humans and nature within an ethical framework and outlining the new implications of traditional Confucian ecological thought.This paper aims to analyze Wang Yangming’s ecological view of‘benevolence as the unity of heaven and earth’by examining the ecological ideas in his Inquiry on the Great Learning.On this basis,it seeks to refine the valuable achievements of traditional Chinese ecological civilization thought and strengthen the theoretical foundation of contemporary ecological ideas with Chinese characteristics.展开更多
In the present paper,we give a systematic study of the discrete correspondence the-ory and topological correspondence theory of modal meet-implication logic and moda1 meet-semilattice logic,in the semantics provided i...In the present paper,we give a systematic study of the discrete correspondence the-ory and topological correspondence theory of modal meet-implication logic and moda1 meet-semilattice logic,in the semantics provided in[21].The special features of the present paper include the following three points:the first one is that the semantic structure used is based on a semilattice rather than an ordinary partial order,the second one is that the propositional vari-ables are interpreted as filters rather than upsets,and the nominals,which are the“first-order counterparts of propositional variables,are interpreted as principal filters rather than principal upsets;the third one is that in topological correspondence theory,the collection of admissi-ble valuations is not closed under taking disjunction,which makes the proof of the topological Ackermann 1emma different from existing settings.展开更多
In this paper, we defined the concept of implicative and fuzzy implicative ideals of lattice implication algebras, and discussed the properties of them. And then, we pointed out the relations between implicative ideal...In this paper, we defined the concept of implicative and fuzzy implicative ideals of lattice implication algebras, and discussed the properties of them. And then, we pointed out the relations between implicative ideal and LI _ideal, implicative iedal and implicative filter, implicative ideal and fuzzy implicative ideal, fuzzy implicative ideal and fuzzy implicative filter, and fuzzy implicative ideal and fuzzy LI _ideal.展开更多
We prove that the adjoint semigroup of an implicative BCK algebra is an upper semilattice, and the adjoint semigroup of an implicative BCK algebra with condition(s) is a generalized Boolean algebra. Moreover we prov...We prove that the adjoint semigroup of an implicative BCK algebra is an upper semilattice, and the adjoint semigroup of an implicative BCK algebra with condition(s) is a generalized Boolean algebra. Moreover we prove the adjoint semigroup of a bounded implicative BCK algebra is a Boolean algebra.展开更多
The concept of implicative pseudo valuations on hoops is introduced and some related properties are investigated. As an application of properties of pseudo valuations, we find the relationship between a pseudo valuati...The concept of implicative pseudo valuations on hoops is introduced and some related properties are investigated. As an application of properties of pseudo valuations, we find the relationship between a pseudo valuation and an implicative pseudo valuation and obtain some characterizations of implicative pseudo valuations. In particular, we show that a pseudo valuation on regular hoops is implicative if and only if it satisfies φ(x■x') = 0.This result will provide a more general algebraic foundation for pseudo valuations theory on algebraic structures based on substructure logic.展开更多
In this paper, we use the notion of fuzzy point to study ideal and positive implicative ideal in BCK algebras, then we clarify the links between the fuzzy point approach, the classical fuzzy approach and the ordinary ...In this paper, we use the notion of fuzzy point to study ideal and positive implicative ideal in BCK algebras, then we clarify the links between the fuzzy point approach, the classical fuzzy approach and the ordinary case.展开更多
Adjoint semigroups of BCI algebras were introduced by Huang [1] and some of its important properties were obtained. In this paper,some characterizations of positive implicative BCK algebras are given by discussing the...Adjoint semigroups of BCI algebras were introduced by Huang [1] and some of its important properties were obtained. In this paper,some characterizations of positive implicative BCK algebras are given by discussing the adjoint semigroups. Moreover,the semigroup differences between positive BCK algebras and implicative BCK algebras are discussed,and some semigroup characterizations of implicative BCK algebras are given.展开更多
文摘It is a common misconception that e-cigarettes are safer than tobacco smoking,given their adverse cardiopulmonary effects,habituation,and the fact that it is only a fashion based manifestation to sell and use them.Therefore,the use of e cigarettes should not be encouraged as an alternative and pragmatic measure should be taken to profess this agenda.
基金Technology Program of Jiaying University,No.2024KJZ01Open Funding of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation and Precision Utilization of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Mountainous Areas,No.2023JYKF08National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42277442。
文摘The conversion of subtropical red soils into farmland involves complex transformations of iron oxides.Investigating iron mineralogy can enhance understanding of magnetic minerals in relation to soil formation on farmland in subtropical regions.In this study,we investigated the properties of iron oxide and its environmental implications in the farmland of Meizhou city,Guangdong province.The results showed that farmland soils had higher magnetism than the red soils developed from the same metamorphic rock.The red soils displayed significantly higher concentrations of goethite and hematite than the farmland soils.The dominant factor influencing the magnetic changes in farmland and red soils was the concentration of fine-grained ferromagnetic minerals.Red soil magnetism is an indicator of soil weathering intensity,whereas farmland soil magnetism is closely related to human cultivation activities.In contrast to the red soils,the farmland soils lacked the pronounced transformation of ferromagnetic minerals into hematite and goethite.A vigorous oxidation process catalyzes the transformation of strong magnetic minerals into significant amounts of hematite and goethite,which promotes the reduced magnetism of red soils.The conversion of red soils into farmland soils initially increased the accumulation of ferromagnetic materials due to cultivation processes.However,long-term cultivation led to the gradual loss of fine-grained ferromagnetic minerals,while goethite and lepidocrocite became the dominant magnetic mineral types.
基金Chongqing Social Science Planning Project“Research on the Practical Path of Leading and Cultivating Youth Responsibility and Commitment with the Spirit of Struggle”(2021YBCS24)。
文摘Marx scientifically summarized the experience and lessons of the Paris Commune,deeply exposed the root causes of bourgeois corruption,and emphasized the purity and advancement of the construction of proletarian political parties and political power.The dictatorship of the proletariat puts forward the ideas of cheap government that eradicate corruption,realizes that the people are the masters of the country,implements democratic supervision of elections,simplifies the construction of institutions,lowers governance costs,and achieves higher efficiency.A deep understanding of the theoretical characteristics of Marx’s thoughts on integrity,democracy,and honor,and a profound clarification of the practical significance of Marx’s ideology on clean governance,combined with practical practice,will help promote the construction of a new system of anti-corruption and incorruption in our country,and will benefit our contemporary services.The construction of a type-oriented government system is conducive to deepening the construction of China’s national legal system.
文摘Schizophrenia is a multifaceted neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by hallucinations,delusions,cognitive deficits,and emotional dysregulation.The prefrontal cortex(PFC),essential for executive functions,working memory,and emotional regulation,is notably impaired in this condition.This review consolidates current insights into the role of PFC dysfunction in schizophrenia,with a focus on its implications for therapeutic strategies.The neuroanatomical and neurobiological foundations of PFC dysfunction are explored,emphasizing structural abnormalities,functional dysconnectivity,and microcircuit disruptions that contribute to cognitive deficits and impaired decision-making.Clinical implications are discussed,particularly the correlation between PFC dysfunction and the severity and progression of schizophrenia symptoms.Additionally,pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches aimed at modulating PFC activity are reviewed as potential therapeutic options.In conclusion,a deeper understanding of PFC dysfunction is pivotal for developing targeted treatments,and ongoing research offers promising avenues for enhancing outcomes for individuals affected by this debilitating disorder.
文摘Teacher professional identity is a comprehensive reflection of teachers’role perception,emotional experiences,and behavioral tendencies towards their profession.It serves as an intrinsic driving force for teachers’professional development and is also a crucial issue in teacher education research.From a global perspective,this study systematically reviews and examines relevant research on the professional identity of international Chinese language teachers(ICLTs).A comparative analysis is conducted between Chinese and foreign scholars’research in terms of theoretical foundations,research subjects,research content,and research methodologies.This comprehensive overview of the current research landscape in this field,along with a summary of existing achievements and identified problems,facilitates the transformation of fragmented research findings on ICLTs’professional identity into a systematic understanding and reveals research gaps.Building upon this foundation,the study proposes future research prospects for the professional identity of ICLTs from aspects such as the construction of a cross-cultural perspective-based teacher professional identity system,the transformation of teacher professional identity in the context of digital transformation,and case studies on ICLTs’professional identity.The aim is to promote high-quality development in both theory and practice of international Chinese language education.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province,China(2024NSFSC1272)the Innovation Team Development Funds for Sichuan Mutton Goat&Sheep,China(SCCXTD-2024-14)Scientific and Technological Innovation Team for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Research in Southwest Minzu University,China(2024CXTD08)。
文摘Bocapavovirus,a member of the genus Bocaparvovirus within the subfamily Parvovirinae and the family Parvoviridae,is a small,non-enveloped,single-stranded DNA virus.This pathogen poses health risks to both humans and animals.The Bocaparvovirus genome.
文摘Rapid technological advancements are driving embodied intelligent robots from laboratories to real-life applications to serve as a key force reshaping the future way of life.Like many other revolutionary technologies,while sparking utopian visions of the future,the development of embodied intelligence has aroused concerns about safety risks, emotional ethics, and socio-cultural implications.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12171294)。
文摘Interval-valued pre-aggregation functions are a hot topic in the research of aggregation functions and have received considerable attention in recent years.As a special class of interval-valued pre-aggregation functions,(light)interval-valued pre-t-norms were initially proposed by Wang and Hu,but their properties were not further discussed by the authors.The main purpose of this paper is to study in depth the properties and generation of(light)intervalvalued pre-t-norms.Firstly,several properties of(light)interval-valued pre-t-norms and their relationship with(light)pre-t-norms are presented.Then,two different generation methods for(light)interval-valued pre-t-norms are introduced.Finally,it demonstrates a specific application of(light)interval-valued pre-t-norms in constructing interval-valued directional monotonic fuzzy implications,namely,using the(light)interval-valued pre-t-norm IT,interval-valued fuzzy negations IN,and(light)interval-valued pre-t-conorm IS to construct interval-valued QL-directional monotonic operations.
基金The research and development project of Beijing Disaster Prevention Technology Co.,Ltd.(FZKJYF202201)funded this work.
文摘Although the late Quaternary slip rate of the Northern Margin Fault of the Huaizhuo Basin(NFHB)was studied approximately 30 years ago using thermoluminescence and geomorphic methods,the underlying uncertainty cannot be neglected,considering the limitations resulting from age and displacement measurements.Accordingly,we attempted to re-estimate the late Quaternary slip rate of the NFHB using high-precision remote sensing image interpretation,large-scale geological and geomorphic mapping,paleoseismic analysis,and Quaternary geochronology testing.The results,based on stratigraphic dislocation and age constraint in the trenches,show that the present deformation of the NFHB has been dominated by the extension,with a vertical slip rate~0.04-0.11 mm/a.We estimate a vertical slip rate of~0.06 mm/a,with an R^(2) value of~0.91,which is much lower than the~0.5 mm/a result estimated previously.There are three possible reasons for this discrepancy.The first is the limitation resulting from dating and displacement measurements in earlier studies;the second is the slip decomposition caused by multiple branches of the NFHB,which leads to the low slip rate observed at a single fault;and third possible explanation is that the fault may be locked at present with a low slip rate,which means that the earthquake hazard of the NFHB cannot be ignored,and more in-depth research,such as geodetic and intensive observations of earthquake precursors,is urgently needed.This discovery poses a new challenge for the active study of the NFHB and the northeast corner of the Ordos Plateau in the North China Block.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82172635,82272686,and 82203628)Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(Grant No.23JCZDJC00200)Tianjin Key Medical Discipline(Specialty)Construction Project(Grant No.TJYXZDXK-010A).
文摘Introduction Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)is a highly aggressive malignancy with limited treatment options.Despite advances in immunotherapy,response rates remain low,and the efficacy of current molecular subtyping1,2 is insufficient to predict therapeutic outcomes3,4.A recently identified vulnerability in SCLC involves the dysregulation of nuclear-cytoplasmic transport,particularly through exportin 1(XPO1)5-7.
文摘The relationship between heaven and humanity is one of the fundamental philosophical foundations of ecological ethics in ancient Chinese Confucian thought.As a master of Confucian philosophy of mind,Wang Yangming integrated the traditional Confucian discourse on the relationship between heaven and humanity into the principles of the philosophy of mind.Building on the traditional doctrine of benevolence centered on moral concern,he further developed an ecological view of‘benevolence as the unity of heaven and earth’.In his work Inquiry on the Great Learning,Wang Yangming systematically elaborated on this notion,emphasizing the philosophical expression of the relationship between humans and nature within an ethical framework and outlining the new implications of traditional Confucian ecological thought.This paper aims to analyze Wang Yangming’s ecological view of‘benevolence as the unity of heaven and earth’by examining the ecological ideas in his Inquiry on the Great Learning.On this basis,it seeks to refine the valuable achievements of traditional Chinese ecological civilization thought and strengthen the theoretical foundation of contemporary ecological ideas with Chinese characteristics.
基金supported by the Chinese Ministry of Education of Humanities and Social Science Project(23YJC72040003)the Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education(22JJD720021)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(project number:ZR2023QF021)。
文摘In the present paper,we give a systematic study of the discrete correspondence the-ory and topological correspondence theory of modal meet-implication logic and moda1 meet-semilattice logic,in the semantics provided in[21].The special features of the present paper include the following three points:the first one is that the semantic structure used is based on a semilattice rather than an ordinary partial order,the second one is that the propositional vari-ables are interpreted as filters rather than upsets,and the nominals,which are the“first-order counterparts of propositional variables,are interpreted as principal filters rather than principal upsets;the third one is that in topological correspondence theory,the collection of admissi-ble valuations is not closed under taking disjunction,which makes the proof of the topological Ackermann 1emma different from existing settings.
文摘In this paper, we defined the concept of implicative and fuzzy implicative ideals of lattice implication algebras, and discussed the properties of them. And then, we pointed out the relations between implicative ideal and LI _ideal, implicative iedal and implicative filter, implicative ideal and fuzzy implicative ideal, fuzzy implicative ideal and fuzzy implicative filter, and fuzzy implicative ideal and fuzzy LI _ideal.
文摘We prove that the adjoint semigroup of an implicative BCK algebra is an upper semilattice, and the adjoint semigroup of an implicative BCK algebra with condition(s) is a generalized Boolean algebra. Moreover we prove the adjoint semigroup of a bounded implicative BCK algebra is a Boolean algebra.
基金Supported by a grant of National Natural Science Foundation of China（11571281）
文摘The concept of implicative pseudo valuations on hoops is introduced and some related properties are investigated. As an application of properties of pseudo valuations, we find the relationship between a pseudo valuation and an implicative pseudo valuation and obtain some characterizations of implicative pseudo valuations. In particular, we show that a pseudo valuation on regular hoops is implicative if and only if it satisfies φ(x■x') = 0.This result will provide a more general algebraic foundation for pseudo valuations theory on algebraic structures based on substructure logic.
文摘In this paper, we use the notion of fuzzy point to study ideal and positive implicative ideal in BCK algebras, then we clarify the links between the fuzzy point approach, the classical fuzzy approach and the ordinary case.
文摘Adjoint semigroups of BCI algebras were introduced by Huang [1] and some of its important properties were obtained. In this paper,some characterizations of positive implicative BCK algebras are given by discussing the adjoint semigroups. Moreover,the semigroup differences between positive BCK algebras and implicative BCK algebras are discussed,and some semigroup characterizations of implicative BCK algebras are given.
