To study immune reactions and the mechanism of anergy induced by recombinant enterotoxin A (rSEA) of Staphylococcus aureus. The gene encoding SEA was cloned from standard strain of S. aureus and high efficiently expre...To study immune reactions and the mechanism of anergy induced by recombinant enterotoxin A (rSEA) of Staphylococcus aureus. The gene encoding SEA was cloned from standard strain of S. aureus and high efficiently expressed in E. coli. After immunization with purified rSEA, mice were examined for production of specific antibody, subtype of IgG, cytokine mRNA levels such as IFN-γ, IL-2 secretion and T-cell surface PD-1 expression. Results showed that high levels of specific antibodies were produced in two weeks of primary immunization shot. During this time, humoral immune reactions prevailed (IgG2a/ IgG1 【1). During the early phase, Th1 type cytokine mRNA is expressed at a higher level than Th2 type, indicating cellular immune reaction prevailed. Splen- ocyte IFN-γ secretion was significantly decreased after boosting immunization. The PD-1 expression was detected by a flow cytometry examination in the surface of T- lymphocytes which were induced by rSEA, and the expression of PD-1 molecules increased along with the number of boosting and the time after immunization.展开更多
Data mining has the potential to provide information for improving clinical acupuncture strategies by uncovering hidden rules between acupuncture manipulation and therapeutic effects in a data set. In this study, we p...Data mining has the potential to provide information for improving clinical acupuncture strategies by uncovering hidden rules between acupuncture manipulation and therapeutic effects in a data set. In this study, we performed acupuncture on 30 patients with hemiplegia due to acute ischemic stroke. All participants were pre-screened to ensure that they exhibited immediate responses to acupuncture. We used a twirling reinforcing acupuncture manipulation at the specific lines between the bilateral Baihui（GV20） and Taiyang（EX-HN5）. We collected neurologic deficit score, simplified Fugl-Meyer assessment score, muscle strength of the proximal and distal hemiplegic limbs, ratio of the maximal H-reflex to the maximal M-wave（Hmax/Mmax）, muscle tension at baseline and immediately after treatment, and the syndromes of traditional Chinese medicine at baseline. We then conducted data mining using an association algorithm and an artificial neural network backpropagation algorithm. We found that the twirling reinforcing manipulation had no obvious therapeutic difference in traditional Chinese medicine syndromes of ＂Deficiency and Excess＂. The change in the muscle strength of the upper distal and lower proximal limbs was one of the main factors affecting the immediate change in Fugl-Meyer scores. Additionally, we found a positive correlation between the muscle tension change of the upper limb and Hmax/Mmax immediate change, and both positive and negative correlations existed between the muscle tension change of the lower limb and immediate Hmax/Mmax change. Additionally, when the difference value of muscle tension for the upper and lower limbs was 〉 0 or 〈 0, the difference value of Hmax/Mmax was correspondingly positive or negative, indicating the scalp acupuncture has a bidirectional effect on muscle tension in hemiplegic limbs. Therefore, acupuncture with twirling reinforcing manipulation has distinct effects on acute ischemic stroke patients with different symptoms or stages of disease. Improved muscle tension in the upper and lower limbs, reflected by the variation in the Hmax/Mmax ratio, is crucial for recovery of motor function from hemiplegia.展开更多
Two traditional recommendation techniques, content-based and collaborative filtering （CF）, have been widely used in a broad range of domain areas. Both meth- ods have their advantages and disadvantages, and some of ...Two traditional recommendation techniques, content-based and collaborative filtering （CF）, have been widely used in a broad range of domain areas. Both meth- ods have their advantages and disadvantages, and some of the defects can be resolved by integrating both techniques in a hybrid model to improve the quality of the recommendation. In this article, we will present a problem-oriented approach to design a hybrid immunizing solution for job recommen- dation problem from applicant＇s perspective. The proposed approach aims to recommend the best chances of opening jobs to the applicant who searches for job. It combines the artificial immune system （AIS）, which has a powerful explo- ration capability in polynomial time, with the collaborative filtering, which can exploit the neighbors＇ interests. We will discuss the design issues, as well as the hybridization process that should be applied to the problem. Finally, experimental studies are conducted and the results show the importance of our approach for solving the job recommendation problem.展开更多
文摘To study immune reactions and the mechanism of anergy induced by recombinant enterotoxin A (rSEA) of Staphylococcus aureus. The gene encoding SEA was cloned from standard strain of S. aureus and high efficiently expressed in E. coli. After immunization with purified rSEA, mice were examined for production of specific antibody, subtype of IgG, cytokine mRNA levels such as IFN-γ, IL-2 secretion and T-cell surface PD-1 expression. Results showed that high levels of specific antibodies were produced in two weeks of primary immunization shot. During this time, humoral immune reactions prevailed (IgG2a/ IgG1 【1). During the early phase, Th1 type cytokine mRNA is expressed at a higher level than Th2 type, indicating cellular immune reaction prevailed. Splen- ocyte IFN-γ secretion was significantly decreased after boosting immunization. The PD-1 expression was detected by a flow cytometry examination in the surface of T- lymphocytes which were induced by rSEA, and the expression of PD-1 molecules increased along with the number of boosting and the time after immunization.
基金supported by a grant from the Supporting Program of the"Eleventh Five-year Plan"for Science&Technology Research of China,Ministry of Science and Technology of China,No.2006BAI12B02a grant from the Scientific Research Fund for Talent Introduction in the Gansu University of Chinese Medicine of China,No.2012-11
文摘Data mining has the potential to provide information for improving clinical acupuncture strategies by uncovering hidden rules between acupuncture manipulation and therapeutic effects in a data set. In this study, we performed acupuncture on 30 patients with hemiplegia due to acute ischemic stroke. All participants were pre-screened to ensure that they exhibited immediate responses to acupuncture. We used a twirling reinforcing acupuncture manipulation at the specific lines between the bilateral Baihui（GV20） and Taiyang（EX-HN5）. We collected neurologic deficit score, simplified Fugl-Meyer assessment score, muscle strength of the proximal and distal hemiplegic limbs, ratio of the maximal H-reflex to the maximal M-wave（Hmax/Mmax）, muscle tension at baseline and immediately after treatment, and the syndromes of traditional Chinese medicine at baseline. We then conducted data mining using an association algorithm and an artificial neural network backpropagation algorithm. We found that the twirling reinforcing manipulation had no obvious therapeutic difference in traditional Chinese medicine syndromes of ＂Deficiency and Excess＂. The change in the muscle strength of the upper distal and lower proximal limbs was one of the main factors affecting the immediate change in Fugl-Meyer scores. Additionally, we found a positive correlation between the muscle tension change of the upper limb and Hmax/Mmax immediate change, and both positive and negative correlations existed between the muscle tension change of the lower limb and immediate Hmax/Mmax change. Additionally, when the difference value of muscle tension for the upper and lower limbs was 〉 0 or 〈 0, the difference value of Hmax/Mmax was correspondingly positive or negative, indicating the scalp acupuncture has a bidirectional effect on muscle tension in hemiplegic limbs. Therefore, acupuncture with twirling reinforcing manipulation has distinct effects on acute ischemic stroke patients with different symptoms or stages of disease. Improved muscle tension in the upper and lower limbs, reflected by the variation in the Hmax/Mmax ratio, is crucial for recovery of motor function from hemiplegia.
文摘Two traditional recommendation techniques, content-based and collaborative filtering （CF）, have been widely used in a broad range of domain areas. Both meth- ods have their advantages and disadvantages, and some of the defects can be resolved by integrating both techniques in a hybrid model to improve the quality of the recommendation. In this article, we will present a problem-oriented approach to design a hybrid immunizing solution for job recommen- dation problem from applicant＇s perspective. The proposed approach aims to recommend the best chances of opening jobs to the applicant who searches for job. It combines the artificial immune system （AIS）, which has a powerful explo- ration capability in polynomial time, with the collaborative filtering, which can exploit the neighbors＇ interests. We will discuss the design issues, as well as the hybridization process that should be applied to the problem. Finally, experimental studies are conducted and the results show the importance of our approach for solving the job recommendation problem.
