Andrew Wangota,a 48-year-old Ugandan farmer,has been using agrivoltaics technology,a solar technology that uses agricultural land for both food production and solar power generation,on his farm in Bunashimolo Parish,B...Andrew Wangota,a 48-year-old Ugandan farmer,has been using agrivoltaics technology,a solar technology that uses agricultural land for both food production and solar power generation,on his farm in Bunashimolo Parish,Bukyiende Subcounty in Uganda where he has been cultivating plantain,coffee and Irish potatoes for the past 16 years.展开更多
Norwegian hydropower industry has more than 100 years of experiences in constructing more than4000 km-long unlined pressure shafts and tunnels with maximum static head of 1047 m（equivalent to almost 10.5 MPa） reache...Norwegian hydropower industry has more than 100 years of experiences in constructing more than4000 km-long unlined pressure shafts and tunnels with maximum static head of 1047 m（equivalent to almost 10.5 MPa） reached at unlined pressure tunnel of Nye Tyin project. Experiences gained from construction and operation of these unlined pressure shafts and tunnels were the foundation to develop design criteria and principles applied in Norway and some other countries. In addition to the confinement criteria, Norwegian state-of-the-art design principle for unlined pressure shaft and tunnel is that the minor principal stress at the location of unlined pressure shaft or tunnel should be more than the water pressure in the shaft or tunnel. This condition of the minor principal stress is prerequisite for the hydraulic jacking/splitting not to occur through joints and fractures in rock mass. Another common problem in unlined pressure shafts and tunnels is water leakage through hydraulically splitted joints or pre-existing open joints. This article reviews some of the first attempts of the use of unlined pressure shaft and tunnel concepts in Norway, highlights major failure cases and two successful cases of significance, applies Norwegian criteria to the cases and reviews and evaluates triggering factors for failure.This article further evaluates detailed engineering geology of failure cases and also assesses common geological features that could have aggravated the failure. The minor principal stress is investigated and quantified along unlined shaft and tunnel alignment of six selected project cases by using threedimensional numerical model. Furthermore, conditions of failure through pre-existing open joints by hydraulic jacking and leakage are assessed by using two-dimensional fluid flow analysis. Finally, both favorable and unfavorable ground conditions required for the applicability of Norwegian confinement criteria in locating the unlined pressure shafts and tunnels for geotectonic environment different from that of Norway are highlighted.展开更多
Mountain ecosystem, on the earth, has plenty of natural resources. In Himachal Pradesh all the rivers are snowfed and therefore rich in water resources. These resources have been supporting enough for the generation o...Mountain ecosystem, on the earth, has plenty of natural resources. In Himachal Pradesh all the rivers are snowfed and therefore rich in water resources. These resources have been supporting enough for the generation of electricity through introducing hydropower projects since the last decade However, every developmental activity has its own negative impacts on the surrounding environment. Due to the fragile nature of topography and delicacy of ecology of the Himalaya, it results in lot of disturbances because of high degree of human interferences like construction of major hydropower projects. The increased extent of geological hazards, such as landslides, rock fall and soil erosion, have mainly due to alike developmental interventions in the natural ecosystem. So understanding and analysing such impacts of the hydropower projects have mainly been on the environment in various forms but natural hazards have been frequent ones. The present study, therefore, focuses mainly on the Parbati Stage II （800 MW） and the Parbati Stage III （520 MW） hydropower projects; both of which fall within the Kullu district of Himachal Pradesh. Based on the perception survey of the local communities, the existing land use pattern, status of total acquired land of the residents by hydropower projects, frequent natural hazards and resultant loss to the local communities due to upcoming construction of hydropower projects surrounding to the Parbati Stage II and III have been analysed in the paper. Also, the preventive measures to mitigate these adverse impacts have been suggested to strengthen these projects in eco-friendly manner in the mountain context.展开更多
In the present scenario,tapping the unutilised hydropower potential is one of the highest priorities in developing countries of the world.Special emphasis is being imparted to run of the river(RoR)mode of power genera...In the present scenario,tapping the unutilised hydropower potential is one of the highest priorities in developing countries of the world.Special emphasis is being imparted to run of the river(RoR)mode of power generation.However,the governments are now facing the dilemma whether to promote small hydropower projects(SHPs) or encourage large hydropower projects(LHPs).RoR large hydropower projects result into large scale cutting of mountains for constructing tunnels and access roads,generation of huge quantity of muck and large scale impact on flora and fauna due to diversion of rivers/streams.On the other hand,though SHPs are claimed to be greener and more sustainable by a section of researchers and energy planners but,they will be required to be set up in large number to generate equivalent amount of electricity.The aim of this study is to rank the most sustainable installed capacity range of RoR hydropower projects.To achieve this aim,the study proposes the use of quite popular multi-criteria decision making(MCDM)method of Operation Research named Analytical Hierarchy Process.A case study has been presented from Himachal Pradesh,a hydro rich state located in the western Himalayan region.As per sustainability assessment carried out in this study,hydropower projects in the capacity range 1 to 5 MW have been ranked to be the most sustainable.展开更多
In recent years, in Vietnam, economy has been developing rapidly. To ensure rapid and sustainable economic growth, strong support from the energy sector is required. Governments in Vietnam have invested in numerous hy...In recent years, in Vietnam, economy has been developing rapidly. To ensure rapid and sustainable economic growth, strong support from the energy sector is required. Governments in Vietnam have invested in numerous hydropower projects, many of which employ the EPC (Engineering, Procurement and Construction) contract. However, the EPC general contractors are facing many difficulties, resulting in schedule delays and considerable losses. This research is conducted to highlight the main risk factors in the delays of hydropower construction projects in Vietnam. The research employs the method of statistical calculations and risk analysis to obtain feedback from experts participating in similar projects. The research outcomes are as follows: identifying the risks that can cause delays in EPC hydroelectric construction projects in Vietnam;calculating and classifying the degree of impact of each risk to the progress of the construction. The practical significance of this study is to ensure the timely completion of projects, benefits for the investors, and the EPC general contractors.展开更多
Engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contracts are on the way to become the most usual form of contracting applied by the private sector to undertake construction works on large scale Hydropower projects. I...Engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contracts are on the way to become the most usual form of contracting applied by the private sector to undertake construction works on large scale Hydropower projects. If EPC contract management is not implemented and controlled properly. Quality is the first important factor for any contractors who involve in the hydropower project execution. The purpose of this study is to investigate and evaluate risks causing not good quality of EPC hydropower projects in Vietnam. In addition, the study also provided the recommendations for project practitioners to mitigate the impacts of those identified risks. The findings of this study can be a good managerial reference for project management teams who are working in other countries that have similar economic and investment environments to Vietnam to get their EPC construction project completed on quality, thus will ensuring the benefits to the government, the investors, the contractors, and the parties involved.展开更多
Hydrological data on the Upper Qingjiang River from 1960 to 2012 document trends of runoff caused by hydropower engineering projects and long-term changes in rainfall. Annual runoff correlates strongly with annual pre...Hydrological data on the Upper Qingjiang River from 1960 to 2012 document trends of runoff caused by hydropower engineering projects and long-term changes in rainfall. Annual runoff correlates strongly with annual precipitation, but is significantly reduced after reservoir construction compared to earlier values. Comparisons of intense, pre- and post-construction rainfall events suggest that the Chebahe and Dalongtan reservoir projects respectively clips the magnitude of the flood peaks and delays runoff delivery.展开更多
Recent years, with the quickening of global economic integration and the rapid development of our country, more and more Chinese enterprises begin to implement internationalization strategy and actively develop overse...Recent years, with the quickening of global economic integration and the rapid development of our country, more and more Chinese enterprises begin to implement internationalization strategy and actively develop overseas business. However, the internationalized process of Chinese enterprises is not progressing smoothly. The paper systematically analyzes the risks of China overseas hydropower projects from two aspects： international environment risks and internal risks of hydropower enterprises and points out that effectively fulfilling corporate social responsibility by using Guidance on Social Responsibility （ISO26000） could help Chinese hydropower enterprises to deal with overseas risks. In order to help Chinese hydropower enterprises to improve the CSR （Corporate Social Responsibility） implementation level, the paper integrates the characteristics of hydropower enterprises with the core subjects of ISO26000, examines the key problems on the CSR work of Chinese hydropower enterprises according to requirements of ISO26000 and puts forward effective advices.展开更多
The Himalayan mountain range is an internationally recognised landscape but one under increasing developmental threat. The lower Himalayan region possesses immense potential for hydropower generation but is also highl...The Himalayan mountain range is an internationally recognised landscape but one under increasing developmental threat. The lower Himalayan region possesses immense potential for hydropower generation but is also highly susceptible to tectonic deformation and mass wasting, especially landslides. Susceptibility to landslides increases markedly with human activity, especially large scale developmental projects. The impacts of massive hydropower plant construction in the Bhagirathi Valley, Uttarkhand, India on the generation of landslides are the focus of this study. Whilst many positive impacts derive from such projects, devastating negative impacts also accrue. The frequency and characteristics of land sliding within the sphere of influence of the construction sites of the various hydropower plant components were investigated. Landslide frequency was related to parameters of geology, prior land use, drainage density, slope steepness and location in terms of construction aspect. Landslide frequency was found to be greatest in gneissic terrain as well as on previously agricultural and forested lands. Statistical analysis revealed significant relationships between landslide frequency with slope and, frequency with construction aspect, especially the construction of access roads. As with other studies, road construction is the key initiator of land sliding due to slope over steepening and the indiscriminate dumping of debris. The study concludes with recommendations for reducing the frequency and magnitude of mass wasting in this environment.展开更多
Water conservancy and hydropower project and the development of our country and people's livelihood has a close connection, but through the actual investigation can be found that there are many problems in the con...Water conservancy and hydropower project and the development of our country and people's livelihood has a close connection, but through the actual investigation can be found that there are many problems in the construction management of the project, the point is extremely unfavorable to ensure the quality of the project. Therefore, in order to improve the construction quality of water conservancy and hydropower projects and fully reflect their social benefits, this paper analyzes the problems existing in the construction management of water conservancy and hydropower projects through the analysis of actual cases and investigations, and focuses on the study of countermeasures, in order to provide a reliable basis for staff to carry out their work.展开更多
The article to the problems of water resources and hydropower engineering construction management and improve the strategy as the research object, first of all, expounds the value of water resources and hydropower eng...The article to the problems of water resources and hydropower engineering construction management and improve the strategy as the research object, first of all, expounds the value of water resources and hydropower engineering construction management analysis, then discusses the problems of water resources and hydropower engineering construction management, finally combined with the corresponding problems, puts forward some perfect strategy, hoping to provide certain reference for related studies.展开更多
During the Environmental Impact Assessment procedure (EIA) for hydropower projects, apart from the compliance with environmental standards and regulations, important environmental and ecosystem changes are foreseen fr...During the Environmental Impact Assessment procedure (EIA) for hydropower projects, apart from the compliance with environmental standards and regulations, important environmental and ecosystem changes are foreseen from planning and construction stages. In Mexico, the EIA and environmental standards are being systematically applied and fulfilled at planning and construction stages for hydropower projects. These are mainly related to control air emissions, solid and hazardous wastes, water discharges and deal with protected species. In addition, due to land use changes, forestry compensation procedures have already been established. To comply with project approval conditions, an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is carried out during construction;it includes mitigation measures, standards, regulations and approval conditions resulting of project review and in some cases requests from the public audience. Monitoring is carried out in the area of influence that is in the works and where it is expected that natural processes are modified. However, indicators to track these changes are minimal. This paper analyzes the regulatory and organizational frameworks to address environmental management during the planning and construction of hydropower facilities in Mexico and gives recommendations to expand the scope of the supervision and management of ecosystem changes.展开更多
Dam safety monitoring of water conservancy and hydropower projects mainly refers to the measures of using various testing equipment to carry out the measurement work in the process of dam operation. By carrying out sa...Dam safety monitoring of water conservancy and hydropower projects mainly refers to the measures of using various testing equipment to carry out the measurement work in the process of dam operation. By carrying out safety monitoring work, monitoring the status information of the dam project is in real time, so as to grasp the actual operation status of the dam project. The safety monitoring and control of dam projects in water conservancy and hydropower projects will contribute to the development of water conservancy and hydropower projects in China. Based on this paper, this paper studies the safety monitoring technical measures and quality control strategy of water conservancy and hydropower projects for reference.展开更多
In the process of rapid social development, the role of water conservancy and hydropower projects is increasingly prominent. Water conservancy and hydropower projects have obvious complexity because of the many aspect...In the process of rapid social development, the role of water conservancy and hydropower projects is increasingly prominent. Water conservancy and hydropower projects have obvious complexity because of the many aspects involved, and need to apply professional knowledge in many fields. At present, there are still many problems in the construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects, which seriously affect the quality of construction. In view of this, the relevant departments must pay more attention to the safety and quality of water conservancy and hydropower projects and promote the improvement of construction safety and quality.展开更多
Water conservancy project has the characteristics of large scale, long construction period, difficult construction, large investment, complex construction organization, many professionals and departments. The project ...Water conservancy project has the characteristics of large scale, long construction period, difficult construction, large investment, complex construction organization, many professionals and departments. The project construction and acceptance are divided into three stages: diversion (closure) of pivotal project, water storage of reservoir sluice and completion acceptance. For water and soil conservation projects, only the completion acceptance of water and soil conservation is carried out before completion, which can not fully and accurately reflect the implementation of water and soil conservation measures and the prevention and control effect of water and soil loss during the implementation of water conservancy and hydropower projects. According to NB/ T35119-2018 "Rules for Acceptance of Water and Soil Conservation Facilities in Hydropower Projects", water conservancy and hydropower projects have successively carried out stage acceptance of water and soil conservation facilities. However, due to the current implementation progress of the main project and the current compilation depth of the water and soil conservation scheme of the project, some problems have been encountered in the stage acceptance process. On this basis, several problems in the stage acceptance of water and soil conservation facilities in water conservancy and hydropower projects are discussed.展开更多
At present, China's infrastructure construction industry is expanding, and water conservancy and hydropower construction projects are also increasing. In the construction process, quality and safety problems are e...At present, China's infrastructure construction industry is expanding, and water conservancy and hydropower construction projects are also increasing. In the construction process, quality and safety problems are easy to occur due to the influence of various factors. Crack in concrete is also a very big problem. If it is not solved as soon as possible, it will also affect the safety and stability of water conservancy and hydropower structures. Therefore, for the construction unit, it is necessary to timely understand the causes of concrete cracks, control and prevent such causes, prevent the further expansion of concrete cracks, and repair the cracks in concrete in time. This paper mainly analyzes the specific causes of concrete cracks, and puts forward some strategies for the prevention and treatment of concrete cracks in water conservancy and hydropower projects, which has a certain reference value for improving the construction quality of water conservancy and hydropower projects.展开更多
Water conservancy and hydropower project is an important basic project in our country.Water conservancy and hydropower project is characterized by large investment scale,high technical requirements and high constructi...Water conservancy and hydropower project is an important basic project in our country.Water conservancy and hydropower project is characterized by large investment scale,high technical requirements and high construction difficulty.Therefore,there are various risks in the early stage of water conservancy and hydropower project construction,the project implementation stage and the final acceptance and operation stage.These risks will create great difficulties for project managers.It will also make the risk of capital investment more prominent,so we should find out the investment risk and other risks in the process of project management,and explore the risk management.Look for the key factors,so as to deepen the research on water conservancy and hydropower projects.This paper mainly discusses the control methods of risk management of water conservancy and hydropower projects,hope to provide some reference for the current project management of water conservancy and hydropower projects in China and improve the efficiency of project management in China.展开更多
With the advancement of science and technology,humans endeavored to build massive structures,both on surface and sub–surface taking the advantage of physico-mechanical properties of the construction materials like co...With the advancement of science and technology,humans endeavored to build massive structures,both on surface and sub–surface taking the advantage of physico-mechanical properties of the construction materials like concrete,steel,wood,rock,etc.Quality is the standard of something as measured against other things of a similar kind.The term itself is subjective until and unless quantified,cannot be controlled.Instrumentation plays a major role to quantify the quality of materials and check if the resources meet the requirements of the structural design.Several types of instruments are developed and used world-wide in different structures to monitor water pressure,seepage,movements,vibration,temperature,stress,strain and other significant parameters.The role of instrumentation specialist lies in understanding the dominating phenomena in the planned structure,designing the instrumentation network,monitoring schedules and timely analysis for cautioning the engineers,designers,quality personnel and the project management to have a check on construction measures vis-à-vis structural performance.This paper describes the role of instrumentation in hydroelectric projects with a brief case study from Bhutan Himalayas.展开更多
Sondu-Miriu hydropower （SMHP） project experienced delay for about five years and one of the contributing factors was delayed payment of the contractor, with ripples effect extending down the contractual hierarchy. T...Sondu-Miriu hydropower （SMHP） project experienced delay for about five years and one of the contributing factors was delayed payment of the contractor, with ripples effect extending down the contractual hierarchy. This study assessed the effects of delayed payment of the contractor on the completion of SMHP project in Kisumu County, Kenya. More specifically, the study addressed two research questions： What is the relative importance of delayed payment of the contractor compared to other forms of contractual delays？ What is the perceived effect of delayed payment of the contractor on the project＇s completion？ A causal-comparative design was adopted and primary data sourced in May 2011 from 39 senior management staff of contractual parties. Relative importance index （RII） was used to determine the relative importance of perceived effects of delayed payment of the contractor on the project＇s completion; while Kendell＇s coefficient of concordance was applied to determine the degree of agreement among participants regarding their perceived effects of delayed payment. The study found that delayed payment of the contractor affected the project by causing： loss of productivity and efficiency （71.8%）; increase in time-related costs （71.8%）; re-scheduling and re-sequencing of works （69.2%）; extension of time and acceleration （69.2%）; as well as prevention of early completion （53.8%）. The study concludes that timely payment of contractors is crucial for ensuring the continuity of works and completion of infrastructural projects within time, budget, and quality specifications. The study recommends the need for appropriate mitigative measures against potential risks, such as delayed disbursement of funds by external financiers, delayed approval of contractors＇ payment requests, as well as community participation and involvement of civil society to influence accountability in the management of project funds and expedite disbursement of funds for subsequent project phases.展开更多
文摘Andrew Wangota,a 48-year-old Ugandan farmer,has been using agrivoltaics technology,a solar technology that uses agricultural land for both food production and solar power generation,on his farm in Bunashimolo Parish,Bukyiende Subcounty in Uganda where he has been cultivating plantain,coffee and Irish potatoes for the past 16 years.
文摘Norwegian hydropower industry has more than 100 years of experiences in constructing more than4000 km-long unlined pressure shafts and tunnels with maximum static head of 1047 m（equivalent to almost 10.5 MPa） reached at unlined pressure tunnel of Nye Tyin project. Experiences gained from construction and operation of these unlined pressure shafts and tunnels were the foundation to develop design criteria and principles applied in Norway and some other countries. In addition to the confinement criteria, Norwegian state-of-the-art design principle for unlined pressure shaft and tunnel is that the minor principal stress at the location of unlined pressure shaft or tunnel should be more than the water pressure in the shaft or tunnel. This condition of the minor principal stress is prerequisite for the hydraulic jacking/splitting not to occur through joints and fractures in rock mass. Another common problem in unlined pressure shafts and tunnels is water leakage through hydraulically splitted joints or pre-existing open joints. This article reviews some of the first attempts of the use of unlined pressure shaft and tunnel concepts in Norway, highlights major failure cases and two successful cases of significance, applies Norwegian criteria to the cases and reviews and evaluates triggering factors for failure.This article further evaluates detailed engineering geology of failure cases and also assesses common geological features that could have aggravated the failure. The minor principal stress is investigated and quantified along unlined shaft and tunnel alignment of six selected project cases by using threedimensional numerical model. Furthermore, conditions of failure through pre-existing open joints by hydraulic jacking and leakage are assessed by using two-dimensional fluid flow analysis. Finally, both favorable and unfavorable ground conditions required for the applicability of Norwegian confinement criteria in locating the unlined pressure shafts and tunnels for geotectonic environment different from that of Norway are highlighted.
文摘Mountain ecosystem, on the earth, has plenty of natural resources. In Himachal Pradesh all the rivers are snowfed and therefore rich in water resources. These resources have been supporting enough for the generation of electricity through introducing hydropower projects since the last decade However, every developmental activity has its own negative impacts on the surrounding environment. Due to the fragile nature of topography and delicacy of ecology of the Himalaya, it results in lot of disturbances because of high degree of human interferences like construction of major hydropower projects. The increased extent of geological hazards, such as landslides, rock fall and soil erosion, have mainly due to alike developmental interventions in the natural ecosystem. So understanding and analysing such impacts of the hydropower projects have mainly been on the environment in various forms but natural hazards have been frequent ones. The present study, therefore, focuses mainly on the Parbati Stage II （800 MW） and the Parbati Stage III （520 MW） hydropower projects; both of which fall within the Kullu district of Himachal Pradesh. Based on the perception survey of the local communities, the existing land use pattern, status of total acquired land of the residents by hydropower projects, frequent natural hazards and resultant loss to the local communities due to upcoming construction of hydropower projects surrounding to the Parbati Stage II and III have been analysed in the paper. Also, the preventive measures to mitigate these adverse impacts have been suggested to strengthen these projects in eco-friendly manner in the mountain context.
文摘In the present scenario,tapping the unutilised hydropower potential is one of the highest priorities in developing countries of the world.Special emphasis is being imparted to run of the river(RoR)mode of power generation.However,the governments are now facing the dilemma whether to promote small hydropower projects(SHPs) or encourage large hydropower projects(LHPs).RoR large hydropower projects result into large scale cutting of mountains for constructing tunnels and access roads,generation of huge quantity of muck and large scale impact on flora and fauna due to diversion of rivers/streams.On the other hand,though SHPs are claimed to be greener and more sustainable by a section of researchers and energy planners but,they will be required to be set up in large number to generate equivalent amount of electricity.The aim of this study is to rank the most sustainable installed capacity range of RoR hydropower projects.To achieve this aim,the study proposes the use of quite popular multi-criteria decision making(MCDM)method of Operation Research named Analytical Hierarchy Process.A case study has been presented from Himachal Pradesh,a hydro rich state located in the western Himalayan region.As per sustainability assessment carried out in this study,hydropower projects in the capacity range 1 to 5 MW have been ranked to be the most sustainable.
文摘In recent years, in Vietnam, economy has been developing rapidly. To ensure rapid and sustainable economic growth, strong support from the energy sector is required. Governments in Vietnam have invested in numerous hydropower projects, many of which employ the EPC (Engineering, Procurement and Construction) contract. However, the EPC general contractors are facing many difficulties, resulting in schedule delays and considerable losses. This research is conducted to highlight the main risk factors in the delays of hydropower construction projects in Vietnam. The research employs the method of statistical calculations and risk analysis to obtain feedback from experts participating in similar projects. The research outcomes are as follows: identifying the risks that can cause delays in EPC hydroelectric construction projects in Vietnam;calculating and classifying the degree of impact of each risk to the progress of the construction. The practical significance of this study is to ensure the timely completion of projects, benefits for the investors, and the EPC general contractors.
文摘Engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contracts are on the way to become the most usual form of contracting applied by the private sector to undertake construction works on large scale Hydropower projects. If EPC contract management is not implemented and controlled properly. Quality is the first important factor for any contractors who involve in the hydropower project execution. The purpose of this study is to investigate and evaluate risks causing not good quality of EPC hydropower projects in Vietnam. In addition, the study also provided the recommendations for project practitioners to mitigate the impacts of those identified risks. The findings of this study can be a good managerial reference for project management teams who are working in other countries that have similar economic and investment environments to Vietnam to get their EPC construction project completed on quality, thus will ensuring the benefits to the government, the investors, the contractors, and the parties involved.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31460132)the Scientific Research Project of Hubei Provincial Department of Education (No. Q20122901)
文摘Hydrological data on the Upper Qingjiang River from 1960 to 2012 document trends of runoff caused by hydropower engineering projects and long-term changes in rainfall. Annual runoff correlates strongly with annual precipitation, but is significantly reduced after reservoir construction compared to earlier values. Comparisons of intense, pre- and post-construction rainfall events suggest that the Chebahe and Dalongtan reservoir projects respectively clips the magnitude of the flood peaks and delays runoff delivery.
文摘Recent years, with the quickening of global economic integration and the rapid development of our country, more and more Chinese enterprises begin to implement internationalization strategy and actively develop overseas business. However, the internationalized process of Chinese enterprises is not progressing smoothly. The paper systematically analyzes the risks of China overseas hydropower projects from two aspects： international environment risks and internal risks of hydropower enterprises and points out that effectively fulfilling corporate social responsibility by using Guidance on Social Responsibility （ISO26000） could help Chinese hydropower enterprises to deal with overseas risks. In order to help Chinese hydropower enterprises to improve the CSR （Corporate Social Responsibility） implementation level, the paper integrates the characteristics of hydropower enterprises with the core subjects of ISO26000, examines the key problems on the CSR work of Chinese hydropower enterprises according to requirements of ISO26000 and puts forward effective advices.
文摘The Himalayan mountain range is an internationally recognised landscape but one under increasing developmental threat. The lower Himalayan region possesses immense potential for hydropower generation but is also highly susceptible to tectonic deformation and mass wasting, especially landslides. Susceptibility to landslides increases markedly with human activity, especially large scale developmental projects. The impacts of massive hydropower plant construction in the Bhagirathi Valley, Uttarkhand, India on the generation of landslides are the focus of this study. Whilst many positive impacts derive from such projects, devastating negative impacts also accrue. The frequency and characteristics of land sliding within the sphere of influence of the construction sites of the various hydropower plant components were investigated. Landslide frequency was related to parameters of geology, prior land use, drainage density, slope steepness and location in terms of construction aspect. Landslide frequency was found to be greatest in gneissic terrain as well as on previously agricultural and forested lands. Statistical analysis revealed significant relationships between landslide frequency with slope and, frequency with construction aspect, especially the construction of access roads. As with other studies, road construction is the key initiator of land sliding due to slope over steepening and the indiscriminate dumping of debris. The study concludes with recommendations for reducing the frequency and magnitude of mass wasting in this environment.
文摘Water conservancy and hydropower project and the development of our country and people's livelihood has a close connection, but through the actual investigation can be found that there are many problems in the construction management of the project, the point is extremely unfavorable to ensure the quality of the project. Therefore, in order to improve the construction quality of water conservancy and hydropower projects and fully reflect their social benefits, this paper analyzes the problems existing in the construction management of water conservancy and hydropower projects through the analysis of actual cases and investigations, and focuses on the study of countermeasures, in order to provide a reliable basis for staff to carry out their work.
文摘The article to the problems of water resources and hydropower engineering construction management and improve the strategy as the research object, first of all, expounds the value of water resources and hydropower engineering construction management analysis, then discusses the problems of water resources and hydropower engineering construction management, finally combined with the corresponding problems, puts forward some perfect strategy, hoping to provide certain reference for related studies.
文摘During the Environmental Impact Assessment procedure (EIA) for hydropower projects, apart from the compliance with environmental standards and regulations, important environmental and ecosystem changes are foreseen from planning and construction stages. In Mexico, the EIA and environmental standards are being systematically applied and fulfilled at planning and construction stages for hydropower projects. These are mainly related to control air emissions, solid and hazardous wastes, water discharges and deal with protected species. In addition, due to land use changes, forestry compensation procedures have already been established. To comply with project approval conditions, an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is carried out during construction;it includes mitigation measures, standards, regulations and approval conditions resulting of project review and in some cases requests from the public audience. Monitoring is carried out in the area of influence that is in the works and where it is expected that natural processes are modified. However, indicators to track these changes are minimal. This paper analyzes the regulatory and organizational frameworks to address environmental management during the planning and construction of hydropower facilities in Mexico and gives recommendations to expand the scope of the supervision and management of ecosystem changes.
文摘Dam safety monitoring of water conservancy and hydropower projects mainly refers to the measures of using various testing equipment to carry out the measurement work in the process of dam operation. By carrying out safety monitoring work, monitoring the status information of the dam project is in real time, so as to grasp the actual operation status of the dam project. The safety monitoring and control of dam projects in water conservancy and hydropower projects will contribute to the development of water conservancy and hydropower projects in China. Based on this paper, this paper studies the safety monitoring technical measures and quality control strategy of water conservancy and hydropower projects for reference.
文摘In the process of rapid social development, the role of water conservancy and hydropower projects is increasingly prominent. Water conservancy and hydropower projects have obvious complexity because of the many aspects involved, and need to apply professional knowledge in many fields. At present, there are still many problems in the construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects, which seriously affect the quality of construction. In view of this, the relevant departments must pay more attention to the safety and quality of water conservancy and hydropower projects and promote the improvement of construction safety and quality.
文摘Water conservancy project has the characteristics of large scale, long construction period, difficult construction, large investment, complex construction organization, many professionals and departments. The project construction and acceptance are divided into three stages: diversion (closure) of pivotal project, water storage of reservoir sluice and completion acceptance. For water and soil conservation projects, only the completion acceptance of water and soil conservation is carried out before completion, which can not fully and accurately reflect the implementation of water and soil conservation measures and the prevention and control effect of water and soil loss during the implementation of water conservancy and hydropower projects. According to NB/ T35119-2018 "Rules for Acceptance of Water and Soil Conservation Facilities in Hydropower Projects", water conservancy and hydropower projects have successively carried out stage acceptance of water and soil conservation facilities. However, due to the current implementation progress of the main project and the current compilation depth of the water and soil conservation scheme of the project, some problems have been encountered in the stage acceptance process. On this basis, several problems in the stage acceptance of water and soil conservation facilities in water conservancy and hydropower projects are discussed.
文摘At present, China's infrastructure construction industry is expanding, and water conservancy and hydropower construction projects are also increasing. In the construction process, quality and safety problems are easy to occur due to the influence of various factors. Crack in concrete is also a very big problem. If it is not solved as soon as possible, it will also affect the safety and stability of water conservancy and hydropower structures. Therefore, for the construction unit, it is necessary to timely understand the causes of concrete cracks, control and prevent such causes, prevent the further expansion of concrete cracks, and repair the cracks in concrete in time. This paper mainly analyzes the specific causes of concrete cracks, and puts forward some strategies for the prevention and treatment of concrete cracks in water conservancy and hydropower projects, which has a certain reference value for improving the construction quality of water conservancy and hydropower projects.
文摘Water conservancy and hydropower project is an important basic project in our country.Water conservancy and hydropower project is characterized by large investment scale,high technical requirements and high construction difficulty.Therefore,there are various risks in the early stage of water conservancy and hydropower project construction,the project implementation stage and the final acceptance and operation stage.These risks will create great difficulties for project managers.It will also make the risk of capital investment more prominent,so we should find out the investment risk and other risks in the process of project management,and explore the risk management.Look for the key factors,so as to deepen the research on water conservancy and hydropower projects.This paper mainly discusses the control methods of risk management of water conservancy and hydropower projects,hope to provide some reference for the current project management of water conservancy and hydropower projects in China and improve the efficiency of project management in China.
文摘With the advancement of science and technology,humans endeavored to build massive structures,both on surface and sub–surface taking the advantage of physico-mechanical properties of the construction materials like concrete,steel,wood,rock,etc.Quality is the standard of something as measured against other things of a similar kind.The term itself is subjective until and unless quantified,cannot be controlled.Instrumentation plays a major role to quantify the quality of materials and check if the resources meet the requirements of the structural design.Several types of instruments are developed and used world-wide in different structures to monitor water pressure,seepage,movements,vibration,temperature,stress,strain and other significant parameters.The role of instrumentation specialist lies in understanding the dominating phenomena in the planned structure,designing the instrumentation network,monitoring schedules and timely analysis for cautioning the engineers,designers,quality personnel and the project management to have a check on construction measures vis-à-vis structural performance.This paper describes the role of instrumentation in hydroelectric projects with a brief case study from Bhutan Himalayas.
文摘Sondu-Miriu hydropower （SMHP） project experienced delay for about five years and one of the contributing factors was delayed payment of the contractor, with ripples effect extending down the contractual hierarchy. This study assessed the effects of delayed payment of the contractor on the completion of SMHP project in Kisumu County, Kenya. More specifically, the study addressed two research questions： What is the relative importance of delayed payment of the contractor compared to other forms of contractual delays？ What is the perceived effect of delayed payment of the contractor on the project＇s completion？ A causal-comparative design was adopted and primary data sourced in May 2011 from 39 senior management staff of contractual parties. Relative importance index （RII） was used to determine the relative importance of perceived effects of delayed payment of the contractor on the project＇s completion; while Kendell＇s coefficient of concordance was applied to determine the degree of agreement among participants regarding their perceived effects of delayed payment. The study found that delayed payment of the contractor affected the project by causing： loss of productivity and efficiency （71.8%）; increase in time-related costs （71.8%）; re-scheduling and re-sequencing of works （69.2%）; extension of time and acceleration （69.2%）; as well as prevention of early completion （53.8%）. The study concludes that timely payment of contractors is crucial for ensuring the continuity of works and completion of infrastructural projects within time, budget, and quality specifications. The study recommends the need for appropriate mitigative measures against potential risks, such as delayed disbursement of funds by external financiers, delayed approval of contractors＇ payment requests, as well as community participation and involvement of civil society to influence accountability in the management of project funds and expedite disbursement of funds for subsequent project phases.
