In recent years,railway construction in China has developed vigorously.With continuous improvements in the highspeed railway network,the focus is gradually shifting from large-scale construction to large-scale operati...In recent years,railway construction in China has developed vigorously.With continuous improvements in the highspeed railway network,the focus is gradually shifting from large-scale construction to large-scale operations.However,several challenges have emerged within the high-speed railway dispatching and command system,including the heavy workload faced by dispatchers,the difficulty of quantifying subjective expertise,and the need for effective training of professionals.Amid the growing application of artificial intelligence technologies in railway systems,this study leverages Large Language Model(LLM)technology.LLMs bring enhanced intelligence,predictive capabilities,robust memory,and adaptability to diverse real-world scenarios.This study proposes a human-computer interactive intelligent scheduling auxiliary training system built on LLM technology.The system offers capabilities including natural dialogue,knowledge reasoning,and human feedback learning.With broad applicability,the system is suitable for vocational education,guided inquiry,knowledge-based Q&A,and other training scenarios.Validation results demonstrate its effectiveness in auxiliary training,providing substantial support for educators,students,and dispatching personnel in colleges and professional settings.展开更多
In an aging society,the interface design of smart home products is crucial to the quality of life of the elderly.This paper combines Quality Function Deployment(QFD)and Human-Computer Interaction(HCI)theories,taking s...In an aging society,the interface design of smart home products is crucial to the quality of life of the elderly.This paper combines Quality Function Deployment(QFD)and Human-Computer Interaction(HCI)theories,taking smart washing machines as an example,to explore new paths for the interface design of smart home products for the elderly.An interdisciplinary approach is adopted to construct a design process centered on elderly users,introduce the Kano model to classify requirements,realize the mapping and sorting of requirements to design parameters,and adopt the PUGH model for comprehensive evaluation.This study provides practical and theoretical support for the interface design of smart home products for the elderly.展开更多
To solve the problem of risk identification and quantitative assessment for human-computer interaction(HCI)in complex avionics systems,an HCI safety analysis framework based on system-theoretical process analysis(STPA...To solve the problem of risk identification and quantitative assessment for human-computer interaction(HCI)in complex avionics systems,an HCI safety analysis framework based on system-theoretical process analysis(STPA)and cognitive reliability and error analysis method(CREAM)is proposed.STPACREAM can identify unsafe control actions and find the causal path during the interaction of avionics systems and pilot with the help of formal verification tools automatically.The common performance conditions(CPC)of avionics systems in the aviation environment is established and a quantitative analysis of human failure is carried out.Taking the head-up display(HUD)system interaction process as an example,a case analysis is carried out,the layered safety control structure and formal model of the HUD interaction process are established.For the interactive behavior“Pilots approaching with HUD”,four unsafe control actions and35 causal scenarios are identified and the impact of common performance conditions at different levels on the pilot decision model are analyzed.The results show that HUD's HCI level gradually improves as the scores of CPC increase,and the quality of crew member cooperation and time sufficiency of the task is the key to its HCI.Through case analysis,it is shown that STPACREAM can quantitatively assess the hazards in HCI and identify the key factors that impact safety.展开更多
The periphery of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is renowned for its susceptibility to landslides.However,the northwestern margin of this region,characterised by limited human activities and challenging transportation,remai...The periphery of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is renowned for its susceptibility to landslides.However,the northwestern margin of this region,characterised by limited human activities and challenging transportation,remains insufficiently explored concerning landslide occurrence and dispersion.With the planning and construction of the Xinjiang-Xizang Railway,a comprehensive investigation into disastrous landslides in this area is essential for effective disaster preparedness and mitigation strategies.By using the human-computer interaction interpretation approach,the authors established a landslide database encompassing 13003 landslides,collectively spanning an area of 3351.24 km^(2)(36°N-40°N,73°E-78°E).The database incorporates diverse topographical and environmental parameters,including regional elevation,slope angle,slope aspect,distance to faults,distance to roads,distance to rivers,annual precipitation,and stratum.The statistical characteristics of number and area of landslides,landslide number density(LND),and landslide area percentage(LAP)are analyzed.The authors found that a predominant concentration of landslide origins within high slope angle regions,with the highest incidence observed in intervals characterised by average slopes of 20°to 30°,maximum slope angle above 80°,along with orientations towards the north(N),northeast(NE),and southwest(SW).Additionally,elevations above 4.5 km,distance to rivers below 1 km,rainfall between 20-30 mm and 30-40 mm emerge as particularly susceptible to landslide development.The study area’s geological composition primarily comprises Mesozoic and Upper Paleozoic outcrops.Both fault and human engineering activities have different degrees of influence on landslide development.Furthermore,the significance of the landslide database,the relationship between landslide distribution and environmental factors,and the geometric and morphological characteristics of landslides are discussed.The landslide H/L ratios in the study area are mainly concentrated between 0.4 and 0.64.It means the landslides mobility in the region is relatively low,and the authors speculate that landslides in this region more possibly triggered by earthquakes or located in meizoseismal area.展开更多
The pre-wetting of aggregate surface is a means to improve the interface performance of SBS modified asphalt and aggregate.The effect of pre-wetting technology on the interaction between SBS modified asphalt and aggre...The pre-wetting of aggregate surface is a means to improve the interface performance of SBS modified asphalt and aggregate.The effect of pre-wetting technology on the interaction between SBS modified asphalt and aggregate was analyzed by molecular dynamics simulation.The diffusion coefficient and concentration distribution of SBS modified asphalt on aggregate surface are included.The simulation results show that the diffusion coefficient of the aggregate surface of SBS modified asphalt is increased by 47.6%and 70.5%respectively after 110#asphalt and 130#asphalt are pre-wetted.The concentration distribution of SBS modified asphalt on the aggregate surface after pre-wetting is more uniform.According to the results of interface energy calculation,the interface energy of SBS modified bitumen and aggregate can be increased by about 5%after pre-wetting.According to the results of molecular dynamics simulation,the pre-wetting technology can effectively improve the interface workability of SBS modified bitumen and aggregate,so as to improve the interface performance.展开更多
Background Haptic feedback plays a crucial role in virtual reality(VR)interaction,helping to improve the precision of user operation and enhancing the immersion of the user experience.Instrumental haptic feedback in v...Background Haptic feedback plays a crucial role in virtual reality(VR)interaction,helping to improve the precision of user operation and enhancing the immersion of the user experience.Instrumental haptic feedback in virtual environments is primarily realized using grounded force or vibration feedback devices.However,improvements are required in terms of the active space and feedback realism.Methods We propose a lightweight and flexible haptic feedback glove that can haptically render objects in VR environments via kinesthetic and vibration feedback,thereby enabling users to enjoy a rich virtual piano-playing experience.The kinesthetic feedback of the glove relies on a cable-pulling mechanism that rotates the mechanism and pulls the two cables connected to it,thereby changing the amount of force generated to simulate the hardness or softness of the object.Vibration feedback is provided by small vibration motors embedded in the bottom of the fingertips of the glove.We designed a piano-playing scenario in the virtual environment and conducted user tests.The evaluation metrics were clarity,realism,enjoyment,and satisfaction.Results A total of 14 subjects participated in the test,and the results showed that our proposed glove scored significantly higher on the four evaluation metrics than the nofeedback and vibration feedback methods.Conclusions Our proposed glove significantly enhances the user experience when interacting with virtual objects.展开更多
The stress wave profile at the frictional interface is crucial for investigating the frictional process.This study modeled a brittle material interface with a micro-contact to analyze the fine stress wave structure as...The stress wave profile at the frictional interface is crucial for investigating the frictional process.This study modeled a brittle material interface with a micro-contact to analyze the fine stress wave structure associated with frictional slip.Employing the finite element simulation alongside the related wave theory and experiments,two new wave structures were indentified:A Mach cone symmetric to the frictional interface associated with incident plane wave propagation,and a new plane longitudinal wave generated across the entire frictional interface at the moment when the incident wave began to propagate.The time and space of its appearance implies that the overall response of the frictional interface precedes the local wave response of the medium.Consequently,a model involving characteristic line theory and the idea of Green’s function has been proposed for its occurrence.The analysis results show that these two new wave phenomena are independent of the fracture of micro-contacts at the interface;instead,the frictional interface effect may be responsible for the generation of such new wave structures.The measured wave profiles provide a proof for the existence of the new wave structures.These results display new wave phenomena,and suggest a wave profile for investigating the dynamic mechanical properties of the frictional interface.展开更多
Using the“Banbiyan”dangerous rock mass(BDRM)in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area(TGRA)as a research background,this study investigates the damage evolution characteristics of shear bandbedrock interfaces under dry-wet...Using the“Banbiyan”dangerous rock mass(BDRM)in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area(TGRA)as a research background,this study investigates the damage evolution characteristics of shear bandbedrock interfaces under dry-wet cycling through a combination of dry-wet cycling tests,shear tests,and numerical simulations.The research findings are as follows:The shear band-bedrock interface's peak shear strength has a negative connection with the frequency of dry-wet cycles and a positive correlation with normal stress.With an increase in dry-wet cycles,the total deterioration of cohesion gradually rises and shows minimal change after 10 dry-wet cycles,while the average deterioration in each stage progressively decreases.The total deterioration of the internal friction angle increases,though the average deterioration in each stage remains relatively consistent.Based on the mineral composition characteristics of the limestone,a mesoscopic parameter degradation formula for the interface under dry-wet cycling was established and validated for reliability.We used this formula in numerical simulations and obtained the microscopic damage phenomena of the interface under different height-tolength ratios and different dry-wet cycles.The variation patterns of peak shear strength,crack quantity,and the total energy changes with different height-to-length ratios under dry-wet cycling were analyzed.A degradation formula for interface shear strength parameters considering different height-tolength ratios under dry-wet cycling was proposed.The results indicate that the height-to-length ratio of the interface has a more pronounced effect on strength degradation than the number of dry-wet cycles.These findings provide valuable insights for studying the overall mechanical properties of shear bands and the stability of dangerous rock masses containing shear bands under reservoir water influence.展开更多
Recently,vision-based gesture recognition(VGR)has become a hot research spot in human-computer interaction(HCI).Unlike other gesture recognition methods with data gloves or other wearable sensors,vision-based gesture ...Recently,vision-based gesture recognition(VGR)has become a hot research spot in human-computer interaction(HCI).Unlike other gesture recognition methods with data gloves or other wearable sensors,vision-based gesture recognition could lead to more natural and intuitive HCI interactions.This paper reviews the state-of-the-art vision-based gestures recognition methods,from different stages of gesture recognition process,i.e.,(1)image acquisition and pre-processing,(2)gesture segmentation,(3)gesture tracking,(4)feature extraction,and(5)gesture classification.This paper also analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of these various methods in detail.Finally,the challenges of vision-based gesture recognition in haptic rendering and future research directions are discussed.展开更多
For solid-fluid interaction, one of the phase-density equations in diffuse interface models is degenerated to a "0 = 0" equation when the volume fraction of a certain phase takes the value of zero or unity. ...For solid-fluid interaction, one of the phase-density equations in diffuse interface models is degenerated to a "0 = 0" equation when the volume fraction of a certain phase takes the value of zero or unity. This is because the conservative variables in phasedensity equations include volume fractions. The degeneracy can be avoided by adding an artificial quantity of another material into the pure phase. However, nonphysical waves,such as shear waves in fluids, are introduced by the artificial treatment. In this paper,a transport diffuse interface model, which is able to treat zero/unity volume fractions, is presented for solid-fluid interaction. In the proposed model, a new formulation for phase densities is derived, which is unrelated to volume fractions. Consequently, the new model is able to handle zero/unity volume fractions, and nonphysical waves caused by artificial volume fractions are prevented. One-dimensional and two-dimensional numerical tests demonstrate that more accurate results can be obtained by the proposed model.展开更多
Pockets in proteins have been known to be very important for the life process. There have been several studies in the past to automatically extract the pockets from the structure information of known proteins. However...Pockets in proteins have been known to be very important for the life process. There have been several studies in the past to automatically extract the pockets from the structure information of known proteins. However, it is difficult to find a study comparing the precision of the extracted pockets from known pockets on the protein. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for extracting pockets from structure data of proteins and analyze the quality of the algorithm by comparing the extracted pockets with some known pockets. These results in this paper can be used to set the parameter values of the pocket extraction algorithm for getting better results.展开更多
This paper presents a monolithic approach to the thermal fluidstructure interaction （FSI） with nonconforming interfaces. The thermal viscous flow is governed by the Boussinesq approximation and the incompressible Na...This paper presents a monolithic approach to the thermal fluidstructure interaction （FSI） with nonconforming interfaces. The thermal viscous flow is governed by the Boussinesq approximation and the incompressible NavierStokes equations. The motion of the fluid domain is accounted for by an arbitrary LagrangianEulerian （ALE） strategy. A pseudosolid formulation is used to manage the deformation of the fluid do main. The structure is described by the geometrically nonlinear thermoelastic dynamics. An efficient data transfer strategy based on the Gauss points is proposed to guarantee the equilibrium of the stresses and heat along the interface. The resulting strongly coupled set of nonlinear equations for the fluid, solution procedure. A numerical example efficiency of the methodology. structure, and heat is solved by a monolithic is presented to demonstrate the robustness and展开更多
Today’s product creative design has rendered many fe atures and has brought a great change in our everyday life, there are many new c hallenges in its traditional theory and principle. According to the traditional de...Today’s product creative design has rendered many fe atures and has brought a great change in our everyday life, there are many new c hallenges in its traditional theory and principle. According to the traditional design theory, the FBS design model pays more attention to the function and stru cture of the product. But this model still couldn’t strengthen the relation bet ween product appearance design and human-machine design effectively. This paper adopt converse design thinking and presents an improved design thinking methodo logy based on C: FBS for product appearance design and give a general summarizat ion for the features, methods and technology based on human-machine interaction and interface. Meanwhile it also combines with the behavior design of product r elated IT fields and constructs a new outline to improve the design of product a ppearance supported by the technology of computer aided design. So the new metho d about design thinking for computer aided design, the new abstract product design model and the key problem of design thinking based on human-machine inte raction and interface are addressed in this paper. This kind of creative design theory that is driven by human-machine interaction and interface will help the development of CAD software system and the research of product design and manufa cture. Additionally, this paper gives some beneficial characters to address the theory based on human-machine interaction and interface. Meanwhile, combining with the developing of computer technology, the trends of design thinking based on t he technology of human-machine interaction and interface are also analyzed and discussed at the end of this paper.展开更多
Heterojunction photocatalysts have shown considerable activities for organic pollutants degradation.However,the faint connection interface and inferior charge shift efficiency critically block the property of heteroju...Heterojunction photocatalysts have shown considerable activities for organic pollutants degradation.However,the faint connection interface and inferior charge shift efficiency critically block the property of heterojunction photocatalysis.Herein,Bi_(2)O_(2)S/NiFe_(2)O_(4) nanosheets heterojunction with ultrastrong inter-face interaction and high internal electric field are designed by an in-situ growth method.Tentative and theoretical consequences prove that the interfacial interaction and internal electric field not only act as the electron flow bridge but also decrease the electrons shift energy obstacle,thus speeding up electrons transfer and achieving effective spatial electron-hole separation.Therefore,a large amount of·O_(2)^(-)and holes as active species were generated.Remarkably,Bi_(2)O_(2) S/NiFe_(2)O_(4) establishes a considerably boosted photocatalytic performance for tetracycline degradation(0.032 min^(-1)),which is about 14.2-fold and 7.8-fold of the pristine BOS and NFO,respectively.This work provides a promising motivation for modulating charge transfer by interface control and internal electric field to boost photocatalytic performance.展开更多
The interaction of particles with a solid-liquid interface during solidification of metal matrix composites has been investigated theoretically in this paper.Owing to the presence of particles in the melt,the shape of...The interaction of particles with a solid-liquid interface during solidification of metal matrix composites has been investigated theoretically in this paper.Owing to the presence of particles in the melt,the shape of the solidification front and solute concentration field in front of solidification interface have been disturbed The thermodynamic method was employed,and a mathematical expression of the shape of the solidification interface and solute concentration field were deduced.Meanwhile,a theory is developed for evaluation of critical velocities of particles pushed by the solidification interface.A numerical simulation is done in which the critical velocity is evaluated as a function of particle size,thermal conductivity,diffusion coefficient,temperature gradient at the solidification front,the solid-liquid interfacial energy and the melt viscosity.The critical velocity is shown to be closely linked to the shape of the solidification interface and solute concentration field, and hence all the parameters also affect the shape of the solidification interface and solute concentration field of the front.展开更多
In this paper, a new control system based on forearm electromyogram （EMG） is proposed for computer peripheral control and artificial prosthesis control. This control system intends to realize the commands of six pre...In this paper, a new control system based on forearm electromyogram （EMG） is proposed for computer peripheral control and artificial prosthesis control. This control system intends to realize the commands of six pre-defined hand poses： up, down, left, right, yes, and no. In order to research the possibility of using a unified amplifier for both electroencephalogram （EEG） and EMG, the surface forearm EMG data is acquired by a 4-channel EEG measurement system. The Bayesian classifier is used to classify the power spectral density （PSD） of the signal. The experiment result verifies that this control system can supply a high command recognition rate （average 48%） even the EMG data is collected with an EEG system just with single electrode measurement.展开更多
In recent years, computer assisted surgery （CAS） systems become more and more common in clinical practices, but few specific design criteria have been proposed for human-computer interface （HCI） in GAS systems. Th...In recent years, computer assisted surgery （CAS） systems become more and more common in clinical practices, but few specific design criteria have been proposed for human-computer interface （HCI） in GAS systems. This paper tried to give universal criteria of HCI design for CAS systems through introduction of demonstration application, which is total knee replacement （TKR） with a nonimage-based navigation system. A typical computer assisted process can be divided into four phases： the preoperative planning phase, the intraoperative registration phase, the intraoperative navigation phase and finally the postoperative assessment phase. The interface design for four steps is described respectively in the demonstration application. These criteria this paper summarized can be useful to software developers to achieve reliable and effective interfaces for new CAS systems more easily.展开更多
With the popularity of new intelligent mobile devices in people’s lives,the development of mobile applications has paid increasing attention to the interactive experience of users.As the content of traditional Human-...With the popularity of new intelligent mobile devices in people’s lives,the development of mobile applications has paid increasing attention to the interactive experience of users.As the content of traditional Human-Computer Interaction(HCI)course and teaching material is out of date,it cannot meet the needs of mobile application interaction design and enterprises for students.Therefore,we need a new generation HCI course based on intelligent mobile devices to study the relationship between users and systems.The HCI course not only teaches students HCI theory and model,but also needs to cultivate students’interaction-oriented design practical ability.This paper proposes a set of HCI teaching material design and teaching methods for improving HCI class quality on mobile application interaction design,so as to make students more suitable for the employment requirements of enterprises.展开更多
Based on the traditional Human-Computer Interaction method which is mainly touch input system, the way of capturing the movement of people by using cameras is proposed. This is a convenient technique which can provide...Based on the traditional Human-Computer Interaction method which is mainly touch input system, the way of capturing the movement of people by using cameras is proposed. This is a convenient technique which can provide users more experience. In the article, a new way of detecting moving things is given on the basis of development of the image processing technique. The system architecture decides that the communication should be used between two different applications. After considered, named pipe is selected from many ways of communication to make sure that video is keeping in step with the movement from the analysis of the people moving. According to a large amount of data and principal knowledge, thinking of the need of actual project, a detailed system design and realization is finished. The system consists of three important modules: detecting of the people's movement, information transition between applications and video showing in step with people's movement. The article introduces the idea of each module and technique.展开更多
Interface dislocations may dramatically change the electric properties, such as polarization, of the piezoelectric crystals. In this paper, we study the linear interactions of two interface dislocation loops with arbi...Interface dislocations may dramatically change the electric properties, such as polarization, of the piezoelectric crystals. In this paper, we study the linear interactions of two interface dislocation loops with arbitrary shape in generally anisotropic piezoelectric bi-crystals. A simple formula for calculating the interaction energy of the interface dislocation loops is derived and given by a double line integral along two closed dislocation curves. Particularly, interactions between two straight segments of the interface dislocations are solved analytically, which can be applied to approximate any curved loop so that an analytical solution can be also achieved. Numerical results show the influence of the bi-crystal interface as well as the material orientation on the interaction of interface dislocation loops.展开更多
基金the Talent Fund of Beijing Jiaotong University(Grant No.2024XKRC055).
文摘In recent years,railway construction in China has developed vigorously.With continuous improvements in the highspeed railway network,the focus is gradually shifting from large-scale construction to large-scale operations.However,several challenges have emerged within the high-speed railway dispatching and command system,including the heavy workload faced by dispatchers,the difficulty of quantifying subjective expertise,and the need for effective training of professionals.Amid the growing application of artificial intelligence technologies in railway systems,this study leverages Large Language Model(LLM)technology.LLMs bring enhanced intelligence,predictive capabilities,robust memory,and adaptability to diverse real-world scenarios.This study proposes a human-computer interactive intelligent scheduling auxiliary training system built on LLM technology.The system offers capabilities including natural dialogue,knowledge reasoning,and human feedback learning.With broad applicability,the system is suitable for vocational education,guided inquiry,knowledge-based Q&A,and other training scenarios.Validation results demonstrate its effectiveness in auxiliary training,providing substantial support for educators,students,and dispatching personnel in colleges and professional settings.
文摘In an aging society,the interface design of smart home products is crucial to the quality of life of the elderly.This paper combines Quality Function Deployment(QFD)and Human-Computer Interaction(HCI)theories,taking smart washing machines as an example,to explore new paths for the interface design of smart home products for the elderly.An interdisciplinary approach is adopted to construct a design process centered on elderly users,introduce the Kano model to classify requirements,realize the mapping and sorting of requirements to design parameters,and adopt the PUGH model for comprehensive evaluation.This study provides practical and theoretical support for the interface design of smart home products for the elderly.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB1600601)the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Civil Aviation Administration of China(U1933106)+2 种基金the Scientific Research Project of Tianjin Educational Committee(2019KJ134)the Natural Science Foundation of TianjinIntelligent Civil Aviation Program(21JCQNJ C00900)。
文摘To solve the problem of risk identification and quantitative assessment for human-computer interaction(HCI)in complex avionics systems,an HCI safety analysis framework based on system-theoretical process analysis(STPA)and cognitive reliability and error analysis method(CREAM)is proposed.STPACREAM can identify unsafe control actions and find the causal path during the interaction of avionics systems and pilot with the help of formal verification tools automatically.The common performance conditions(CPC)of avionics systems in the aviation environment is established and a quantitative analysis of human failure is carried out.Taking the head-up display(HUD)system interaction process as an example,a case analysis is carried out,the layered safety control structure and formal model of the HUD interaction process are established.For the interactive behavior“Pilots approaching with HUD”,four unsafe control actions and35 causal scenarios are identified and the impact of common performance conditions at different levels on the pilot decision model are analyzed.The results show that HUD's HCI level gradually improves as the scores of CPC increase,and the quality of crew member cooperation and time sufficiency of the task is the key to its HCI.Through case analysis,it is shown that STPACREAM can quantitatively assess the hazards in HCI and identify the key factors that impact safety.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB3901205)National Institute of Natural Hazards,Ministry of Emergency Management of China(2023-JBKY-57)。
文摘The periphery of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is renowned for its susceptibility to landslides.However,the northwestern margin of this region,characterised by limited human activities and challenging transportation,remains insufficiently explored concerning landslide occurrence and dispersion.With the planning and construction of the Xinjiang-Xizang Railway,a comprehensive investigation into disastrous landslides in this area is essential for effective disaster preparedness and mitigation strategies.By using the human-computer interaction interpretation approach,the authors established a landslide database encompassing 13003 landslides,collectively spanning an area of 3351.24 km^(2)(36°N-40°N,73°E-78°E).The database incorporates diverse topographical and environmental parameters,including regional elevation,slope angle,slope aspect,distance to faults,distance to roads,distance to rivers,annual precipitation,and stratum.The statistical characteristics of number and area of landslides,landslide number density(LND),and landslide area percentage(LAP)are analyzed.The authors found that a predominant concentration of landslide origins within high slope angle regions,with the highest incidence observed in intervals characterised by average slopes of 20°to 30°,maximum slope angle above 80°,along with orientations towards the north(N),northeast(NE),and southwest(SW).Additionally,elevations above 4.5 km,distance to rivers below 1 km,rainfall between 20-30 mm and 30-40 mm emerge as particularly susceptible to landslide development.The study area’s geological composition primarily comprises Mesozoic and Upper Paleozoic outcrops.Both fault and human engineering activities have different degrees of influence on landslide development.Furthermore,the significance of the landslide database,the relationship between landslide distribution and environmental factors,and the geometric and morphological characteristics of landslides are discussed.The landslide H/L ratios in the study area are mainly concentrated between 0.4 and 0.64.It means the landslides mobility in the region is relatively low,and the authors speculate that landslides in this region more possibly triggered by earthquakes or located in meizoseismal area.
基金Funded by the Research Funds of China University of Mining and Technology(No.102523215)。
文摘The pre-wetting of aggregate surface is a means to improve the interface performance of SBS modified asphalt and aggregate.The effect of pre-wetting technology on the interaction between SBS modified asphalt and aggregate was analyzed by molecular dynamics simulation.The diffusion coefficient and concentration distribution of SBS modified asphalt on aggregate surface are included.The simulation results show that the diffusion coefficient of the aggregate surface of SBS modified asphalt is increased by 47.6%and 70.5%respectively after 110#asphalt and 130#asphalt are pre-wetted.The concentration distribution of SBS modified asphalt on the aggregate surface after pre-wetting is more uniform.According to the results of interface energy calculation,the interface energy of SBS modified bitumen and aggregate can be increased by about 5%after pre-wetting.According to the results of molecular dynamics simulation,the pre-wetting technology can effectively improve the interface workability of SBS modified bitumen and aggregate,so as to improve the interface performance.
基金Supported by the Natienal Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20287).
文摘Background Haptic feedback plays a crucial role in virtual reality(VR)interaction,helping to improve the precision of user operation and enhancing the immersion of the user experience.Instrumental haptic feedback in virtual environments is primarily realized using grounded force or vibration feedback devices.However,improvements are required in terms of the active space and feedback realism.Methods We propose a lightweight and flexible haptic feedback glove that can haptically render objects in VR environments via kinesthetic and vibration feedback,thereby enabling users to enjoy a rich virtual piano-playing experience.The kinesthetic feedback of the glove relies on a cable-pulling mechanism that rotates the mechanism and pulls the two cables connected to it,thereby changing the amount of force generated to simulate the hardness or softness of the object.Vibration feedback is provided by small vibration motors embedded in the bottom of the fingertips of the glove.We designed a piano-playing scenario in the virtual environment and conducted user tests.The evaluation metrics were clarity,realism,enjoyment,and satisfaction.Results A total of 14 subjects participated in the test,and the results showed that our proposed glove scored significantly higher on the four evaluation metrics than the nofeedback and vibration feedback methods.Conclusions Our proposed glove significantly enhances the user experience when interacting with virtual objects.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12272127)the Construction Project of Double First Class in Safety Discipline of the Universities of Henan Province(Grant No.AQ20230751).
文摘The stress wave profile at the frictional interface is crucial for investigating the frictional process.This study modeled a brittle material interface with a micro-contact to analyze the fine stress wave structure associated with frictional slip.Employing the finite element simulation alongside the related wave theory and experiments,two new wave structures were indentified:A Mach cone symmetric to the frictional interface associated with incident plane wave propagation,and a new plane longitudinal wave generated across the entire frictional interface at the moment when the incident wave began to propagate.The time and space of its appearance implies that the overall response of the frictional interface precedes the local wave response of the medium.Consequently,a model involving characteristic line theory and the idea of Green’s function has been proposed for its occurrence.The analysis results show that these two new wave phenomena are independent of the fracture of micro-contacts at the interface;instead,the frictional interface effect may be responsible for the generation of such new wave structures.The measured wave profiles provide a proof for the existence of the new wave structures.These results display new wave phenomena,and suggest a wave profile for investigating the dynamic mechanical properties of the frictional interface.
基金funded by the Chongqing Talents and Outstanding Scientists Project(Grant No.cstc2024ycjh-bgzxm0032)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41972266)+1 种基金Chongqing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0006)Project of science and technology research program of Chongqing Education Commission of China(Grant No.KJQN202403413)。
文摘Using the“Banbiyan”dangerous rock mass(BDRM)in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area(TGRA)as a research background,this study investigates the damage evolution characteristics of shear bandbedrock interfaces under dry-wet cycling through a combination of dry-wet cycling tests,shear tests,and numerical simulations.The research findings are as follows:The shear band-bedrock interface's peak shear strength has a negative connection with the frequency of dry-wet cycles and a positive correlation with normal stress.With an increase in dry-wet cycles,the total deterioration of cohesion gradually rises and shows minimal change after 10 dry-wet cycles,while the average deterioration in each stage progressively decreases.The total deterioration of the internal friction angle increases,though the average deterioration in each stage remains relatively consistent.Based on the mineral composition characteristics of the limestone,a mesoscopic parameter degradation formula for the interface under dry-wet cycling was established and validated for reliability.We used this formula in numerical simulations and obtained the microscopic damage phenomena of the interface under different height-tolength ratios and different dry-wet cycles.The variation patterns of peak shear strength,crack quantity,and the total energy changes with different height-to-length ratios under dry-wet cycling were analyzed.A degradation formula for interface shear strength parameters considering different height-tolength ratios under dry-wet cycling was proposed.The results indicate that the height-to-length ratio of the interface has a more pronounced effect on strength degradation than the number of dry-wet cycles.These findings provide valuable insights for studying the overall mechanical properties of shear bands and the stability of dangerous rock masses containing shear bands under reservoir water influence.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61773205,61773219)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(NS2016032,NS2019018,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics)+1 种基金the Scholarship from China Scholarship Council(201906835020)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(the Graduate Student Innovation Base Open Fund Project of NUAA,kfjj20190307)。
文摘Recently,vision-based gesture recognition(VGR)has become a hot research spot in human-computer interaction(HCI).Unlike other gesture recognition methods with data gloves or other wearable sensors,vision-based gesture recognition could lead to more natural and intuitive HCI interactions.This paper reviews the state-of-the-art vision-based gestures recognition methods,from different stages of gesture recognition process,i.e.,(1)image acquisition and pre-processing,(2)gesture segmentation,(3)gesture tracking,(4)feature extraction,and(5)gesture classification.This paper also analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of these various methods in detail.Finally,the challenges of vision-based gesture recognition in haptic rendering and future research directions are discussed.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11702029,11771054,U1730118,91852207,and 11801036)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2016M600967)
文摘For solid-fluid interaction, one of the phase-density equations in diffuse interface models is degenerated to a "0 = 0" equation when the volume fraction of a certain phase takes the value of zero or unity. This is because the conservative variables in phasedensity equations include volume fractions. The degeneracy can be avoided by adding an artificial quantity of another material into the pure phase. However, nonphysical waves,such as shear waves in fluids, are introduced by the artificial treatment. In this paper,a transport diffuse interface model, which is able to treat zero/unity volume fractions, is presented for solid-fluid interaction. In the proposed model, a new formulation for phase densities is derived, which is unrelated to volume fractions. Consequently, the new model is able to handle zero/unity volume fractions, and nonphysical waves caused by artificial volume fractions are prevented. One-dimensional and two-dimensional numerical tests demonstrate that more accurate results can be obtained by the proposed model.
基金Project supported by Creative Research Initiative from the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Korea. BHAK Jonghwa is supported by Biogreen21 Fund and MOST Funds, Korea
文摘Pockets in proteins have been known to be very important for the life process. There have been several studies in the past to automatically extract the pockets from the structure information of known proteins. However, it is difficult to find a study comparing the precision of the extracted pockets from known pockets on the protein. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for extracting pockets from structure data of proteins and analyze the quality of the algorithm by comparing the extracted pockets with some known pockets. These results in this paper can be used to set the parameter values of the pocket extraction algorithm for getting better results.
文摘This paper presents a monolithic approach to the thermal fluidstructure interaction （FSI） with nonconforming interfaces. The thermal viscous flow is governed by the Boussinesq approximation and the incompressible NavierStokes equations. The motion of the fluid domain is accounted for by an arbitrary LagrangianEulerian （ALE） strategy. A pseudosolid formulation is used to manage the deformation of the fluid do main. The structure is described by the geometrically nonlinear thermoelastic dynamics. An efficient data transfer strategy based on the Gauss points is proposed to guarantee the equilibrium of the stresses and heat along the interface. The resulting strongly coupled set of nonlinear equations for the fluid, solution procedure. A numerical example efficiency of the methodology. structure, and heat is solved by a monolithic is presented to demonstrate the robustness and
文摘Today’s product creative design has rendered many fe atures and has brought a great change in our everyday life, there are many new c hallenges in its traditional theory and principle. According to the traditional design theory, the FBS design model pays more attention to the function and stru cture of the product. But this model still couldn’t strengthen the relation bet ween product appearance design and human-machine design effectively. This paper adopt converse design thinking and presents an improved design thinking methodo logy based on C: FBS for product appearance design and give a general summarizat ion for the features, methods and technology based on human-machine interaction and interface. Meanwhile it also combines with the behavior design of product r elated IT fields and constructs a new outline to improve the design of product a ppearance supported by the technology of computer aided design. So the new metho d about design thinking for computer aided design, the new abstract product design model and the key problem of design thinking based on human-machine inte raction and interface are addressed in this paper. This kind of creative design theory that is driven by human-machine interaction and interface will help the development of CAD software system and the research of product design and manufa cture. Additionally, this paper gives some beneficial characters to address the theory based on human-machine interaction and interface. Meanwhile, combining with the developing of computer technology, the trends of design thinking based on t he technology of human-machine interaction and interface are also analyzed and discussed at the end of this paper.
基金the financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China as general projects(Grant Nos.51779068,52070066,52211530084,42277059,and 22006029)Tianjin Commission of Science and Technology as key technologies R&D projects(No.21YFSNSN00250)+1 种基金Doctoral Inno-vation Project of Hebei Province(CXZZBS2023031)the Royal Society/International Exchanges 2021 Cost Share/NSFC(Grant No.IEC\NSFC\211142).
文摘Heterojunction photocatalysts have shown considerable activities for organic pollutants degradation.However,the faint connection interface and inferior charge shift efficiency critically block the property of heterojunction photocatalysis.Herein,Bi_(2)O_(2)S/NiFe_(2)O_(4) nanosheets heterojunction with ultrastrong inter-face interaction and high internal electric field are designed by an in-situ growth method.Tentative and theoretical consequences prove that the interfacial interaction and internal electric field not only act as the electron flow bridge but also decrease the electrons shift energy obstacle,thus speeding up electrons transfer and achieving effective spatial electron-hole separation.Therefore,a large amount of·O_(2)^(-)and holes as active species were generated.Remarkably,Bi_(2)O_(2) S/NiFe_(2)O_(4) establishes a considerably boosted photocatalytic performance for tetracycline degradation(0.032 min^(-1)),which is about 14.2-fold and 7.8-fold of the pristine BOS and NFO,respectively.This work provides a promising motivation for modulating charge transfer by interface control and internal electric field to boost photocatalytic performance.
文摘The interaction of particles with a solid-liquid interface during solidification of metal matrix composites has been investigated theoretically in this paper.Owing to the presence of particles in the melt,the shape of the solidification front and solute concentration field in front of solidification interface have been disturbed The thermodynamic method was employed,and a mathematical expression of the shape of the solidification interface and solute concentration field were deduced.Meanwhile,a theory is developed for evaluation of critical velocities of particles pushed by the solidification interface.A numerical simulation is done in which the critical velocity is evaluated as a function of particle size,thermal conductivity,diffusion coefficient,temperature gradient at the solidification front,the solid-liquid interfacial energy and the melt viscosity.The critical velocity is shown to be closely linked to the shape of the solidification interface and solute concentration field, and hence all the parameters also affect the shape of the solidification interface and solute concentration field of the front.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 60736029 and 30525030UESTC Youth Foundation under Grant No. L08010901JX0772 for support.
文摘In this paper, a new control system based on forearm electromyogram （EMG） is proposed for computer peripheral control and artificial prosthesis control. This control system intends to realize the commands of six pre-defined hand poses： up, down, left, right, yes, and no. In order to research the possibility of using a unified amplifier for both electroencephalogram （EEG） and EMG, the surface forearm EMG data is acquired by a 4-channel EEG measurement system. The Bayesian classifier is used to classify the power spectral density （PSD） of the signal. The experiment result verifies that this control system can supply a high command recognition rate （average 48%） even the EMG data is collected with an EEG system just with single electrode measurement.
基金the National High Technology Research and Development Program (863) of China(No. 2006AA02A137)
文摘In recent years, computer assisted surgery （CAS） systems become more and more common in clinical practices, but few specific design criteria have been proposed for human-computer interface （HCI） in GAS systems. This paper tried to give universal criteria of HCI design for CAS systems through introduction of demonstration application, which is total knee replacement （TKR） with a nonimage-based navigation system. A typical computer assisted process can be divided into four phases： the preoperative planning phase, the intraoperative registration phase, the intraoperative navigation phase and finally the postoperative assessment phase. The interface design for four steps is described respectively in the demonstration application. These criteria this paper summarized can be useful to software developers to achieve reliable and effective interfaces for new CAS systems more easily.
文摘With the popularity of new intelligent mobile devices in people’s lives,the development of mobile applications has paid increasing attention to the interactive experience of users.As the content of traditional Human-Computer Interaction(HCI)course and teaching material is out of date,it cannot meet the needs of mobile application interaction design and enterprises for students.Therefore,we need a new generation HCI course based on intelligent mobile devices to study the relationship between users and systems.The HCI course not only teaches students HCI theory and model,but also needs to cultivate students’interaction-oriented design practical ability.This paper proposes a set of HCI teaching material design and teaching methods for improving HCI class quality on mobile application interaction design,so as to make students more suitable for the employment requirements of enterprises.
文摘Based on the traditional Human-Computer Interaction method which is mainly touch input system, the way of capturing the movement of people by using cameras is proposed. This is a convenient technique which can provide users more experience. In the article, a new way of detecting moving things is given on the basis of development of the image processing technique. The system architecture decides that the communication should be used between two different applications. After considered, named pipe is selected from many ways of communication to make sure that video is keeping in step with the movement from the analysis of the people moving. According to a large amount of data and principal knowledge, thinking of the need of actual project, a detailed system design and realization is finished. The system consists of three important modules: detecting of the people's movement, information transition between applications and video showing in step with people's movement. The article introduces the idea of each module and technique.
基金supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11402133 and 11502128)
文摘Interface dislocations may dramatically change the electric properties, such as polarization, of the piezoelectric crystals. In this paper, we study the linear interactions of two interface dislocation loops with arbitrary shape in generally anisotropic piezoelectric bi-crystals. A simple formula for calculating the interaction energy of the interface dislocation loops is derived and given by a double line integral along two closed dislocation curves. Particularly, interactions between two straight segments of the interface dislocations are solved analytically, which can be applied to approximate any curved loop so that an analytical solution can be also achieved. Numerical results show the influence of the bi-crystal interface as well as the material orientation on the interaction of interface dislocation loops.
