Rack-level loop thermosyphons have been widely adopted as a solution to data centers’growing energy demands.While numerous studies have highlighted the heat transfer performance and energy-saving benefits of this sys...Rack-level loop thermosyphons have been widely adopted as a solution to data centers’growing energy demands.While numerous studies have highlighted the heat transfer performance and energy-saving benefits of this system,its economic feasibility,water usage effectiveness(WUE),and carbon usage effectiveness(CUE)remain underexplored.This study introduces a comprehensive evaluation index designed to assess the applicability of the rack-level loop thermosyphon system across various computing hub nodes.The air wet bulb temperature Ta,w was identified as the most significant factor influencing the variability in the combination of PUE,CUE,and WUE values.The results indicate that the rack-level loop thermosyphon system achieves the highest score in Lanzhou(94.485)and the lowest in Beijing(89.261)based on the comprehensive evaluation index.The overall ranking of cities according to the comprehensive evaluation score is as follows:Gansu hub(Lanzhou)>Inner Mongolia hub(Hohhot)>Ningxia hub(Yinchuan)>Yangtze River Delta hub(Shanghai)>Chengdu Chongqing hub(Chongqing)>Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area hub(Guangzhou)>Guizhou hub(Guiyang)>Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei hub(Beijing).Furthermore,Hohhot,Lanzhou,and Yinchuan consistently rank among the top three cities for comprehensive scores across all load rates,while Guiyang(at a 25%load rate),Guangzhou(at a 50%load rate),and Beijing(at 75%and 100%load rates)exhibited the lowest comprehensive scores.展开更多
对发表于《ISI-SCIE(Science Citation Index Expanded)》上的PHARMACOLOGY&PHARMACY学科的论文作者合作研究形成的一个复杂网络进行了研究。分析表明该合作网络共有40个子网络,其最大连通子网络节点的度服从幂律分布且有厚尾趋势,...对发表于《ISI-SCIE(Science Citation Index Expanded)》上的PHARMACOLOGY&PHARMACY学科的论文作者合作研究形成的一个复杂网络进行了研究。分析表明该合作网络共有40个子网络,其最大连通子网络节点的度服从幂律分布且有厚尾趋势,具有较小的平均路径长度,较大的聚类系数,存在少数关键节点,具有典型的小世界性和无标度性。并通过GN算法分析和挖掘了该最大连通子网络的社团结构,用度值、介数值和PAGERANK值等指标评价了网络的中心节点,揭示了合作网络中合作水平较高的科研团队和具有影响力的科学家。展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(Grant Nos.2023JJ50178 and 2023JJ50194)the Excellent Youth Project of Hunan Provincial Department of Education(Grant No.23B0542).
文摘Rack-level loop thermosyphons have been widely adopted as a solution to data centers’growing energy demands.While numerous studies have highlighted the heat transfer performance and energy-saving benefits of this system,its economic feasibility,water usage effectiveness(WUE),and carbon usage effectiveness(CUE)remain underexplored.This study introduces a comprehensive evaluation index designed to assess the applicability of the rack-level loop thermosyphon system across various computing hub nodes.The air wet bulb temperature Ta,w was identified as the most significant factor influencing the variability in the combination of PUE,CUE,and WUE values.The results indicate that the rack-level loop thermosyphon system achieves the highest score in Lanzhou(94.485)and the lowest in Beijing(89.261)based on the comprehensive evaluation index.The overall ranking of cities according to the comprehensive evaluation score is as follows:Gansu hub(Lanzhou)>Inner Mongolia hub(Hohhot)>Ningxia hub(Yinchuan)>Yangtze River Delta hub(Shanghai)>Chengdu Chongqing hub(Chongqing)>Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area hub(Guangzhou)>Guizhou hub(Guiyang)>Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei hub(Beijing).Furthermore,Hohhot,Lanzhou,and Yinchuan consistently rank among the top three cities for comprehensive scores across all load rates,while Guiyang(at a 25%load rate),Guangzhou(at a 50%load rate),and Beijing(at 75%and 100%load rates)exhibited the lowest comprehensive scores.
文摘对发表于《ISI-SCIE(Science Citation Index Expanded)》上的PHARMACOLOGY&PHARMACY学科的论文作者合作研究形成的一个复杂网络进行了研究。分析表明该合作网络共有40个子网络,其最大连通子网络节点的度服从幂律分布且有厚尾趋势,具有较小的平均路径长度,较大的聚类系数,存在少数关键节点,具有典型的小世界性和无标度性。并通过GN算法分析和挖掘了该最大连通子网络的社团结构,用度值、介数值和PAGERANK值等指标评价了网络的中心节点,揭示了合作网络中合作水平较高的科研团队和具有影响力的科学家。
