Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) widespread in sub-Saharan Africa and mostly affects school going children. Côte d’Ivoire is one of the most vulnerable countries to schistosomiasis, and its ...Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) widespread in sub-Saharan Africa and mostly affects school going children. Côte d’Ivoire is one of the most vulnerable countries to schistosomiasis, and its prevalence varies by region. This cross-sectional survey was conducted in schools in the Upper Sassandra region to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practices of school children regarding schistosomiasis. In total, 354 students participated in the survey. Our results showed that, compared to the girls, the boys had a higher level of knowledge about schistosomiasis OR = 1.605 and p = 0.05. Regarding the signs, symptoms, and modes of transmission and prevention of schistosomiasis, the participants reported a low level of knowledge p > 0.05 and OR 1. In conclusion, it is important to target health messages in schools to reach the most vulnerable students effectively. This initiative aims to provide children with basic knowledge and skills in the transmission of schistosomiasis.展开更多
<strong>Introduction:</strong> Glaucoma is a major cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Early detection and awareness are essential to reduce the impact on eye health. The aim of this study is to ass...<strong>Introduction:</strong> Glaucoma is a major cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Early detection and awareness are essential to reduce the impact on eye health. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of health care staff about glaucoma in Lomé. <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> This was a prospective cross-sectional and descriptive study including health care staff in Lomé, from October 1st to December 31st, 2020, for a period of 3 months. After their agreement, the officers responded to questions based on a survey sheet. <strong>Results:</strong> A total of 169 agents from 3 centers in Lomé, i.e. the Sylvanus Olympio University Teaching Hospital, the Campus University teaching Hospital and the Bè Hospital were involved. 50.9% of the agents were male versus 49.1% female, i.e. a ratio of 1.04. The average age was 33.66 ± 10.45 years. 46.10% were doctors versus 53.90% paramedics. 58.60% had at most 5 years of experience against 41.40% who had more than 5 years of experience. 53.80% defined glaucoma as ocular hypertension while 17.20% defined it as optic nerve disease. 46.20% did not know that there were many types of glaucomas compared to 53.20% who knew that there are many types of glaucomas. 92.30% knew that glaucoma can lead to cause visual loss. Regarding attitudes and practices about glaucoma, 91.70% declared that the follow-up should be done by the ophthalmologist, 81.10% thought that it would be necessary to be checked by the doctor only every 6 months. Finally, 65.08% declared that they had to use eye drops for life for the treatment. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Steps should be taken to educate staff more about glaucoma attitudes and practices and also plan for action in the population.展开更多
The ENT pathologies are not well known to the populations of our developing countries. This lack of knowledge leads certain subjects to have attitudes and practices that favor their occurrence and/or their aggravation...The ENT pathologies are not well known to the populations of our developing countries. This lack of knowledge leads certain subjects to have attitudes and practices that favor their occurrence and/or their aggravation. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge and describe the attitudes and practices of patients facing ENT pathologies at the Conakry Hospital and University Center (CHU). This was a prospective, descriptive study lasting six months (June-November 2018). Among the 1410 patients who had consulted in the department during the study period, 1102 had participated in the survey, or 78.16% of cases. The mean age of the patients was 39.3 ± 17.3 years, predominantly female, for a sex ratio of 0.75. The majority of patients were of university education (41.02%) and civil servants (38.66%) represented the dominant socio-professional layer. Rhino-sinusitis (30.85%) and ear infections (20.14%) were the most common pathologies. Almost a third (32.85%) of respondents had no knowledge of behaviors harmful to ENT health. More than half (52.45%) of the patients did not know of any factors favoring the occurrence of ENT pathologies. The therapeutic orientation had been made towards modern medicine in 63.52% against 4.54% for traditional medicine. The choice of self-medication concerned 31.94% of patients. This survey showed that patients have limited knowledge of ENT pathologies as well as the attitudes and practices likely to favor their occurrence. However, a multicenter study involving a larger proportion of patients will confirm these data.展开更多
Introduction: Refractive error is recognized as one of the most important causes of correctable visual impairment and affects people of all ages, socioeconomic levels, and ethnic groups. The World Health Organization ...Introduction: Refractive error is recognized as one of the most important causes of correctable visual impairment and affects people of all ages, socioeconomic levels, and ethnic groups. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated 285 million people globally were visually impaired, with 39 million blinds. The aim of this study is to access the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of health sciences students about the refractive error in Nampula, Mozambique. Material and Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study including health sciences students of Lúrio University in Nampula, applying a questionnaire to access their knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning the refractive error. The collected data were entered into SPSS version 22.0 for analysis. Frequency distribution and central tendency measures (mean, median) were used to summarize the descriptive part of the study. Results were described using tables and running text. Sample students were included after obtaining informed consent. Results: A total of 298 students participated in the study, 50.3% female, with average age of 24 ± 5.4 years. 69.8% had an eye exam and 54.7% believe they have good vision, 58.1% say that wearing glasses is the main method of correcting refractive errors. 92.3% refer to the Central Hospital as the best place to provide eye health services. The main reason for not purchasing the glasses was their cost (47.3%) and the alternative method for spectacle users was contact lenses (81.0%). The students’ attitudes were positive towards the use of glasses. Conclusion: Visual health education about the knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding refractive errors among students must be intensified to ensure good dissemination of information in the surrounding communities enrolled in the health promotion program “One Student, One Family” implemented by Lúrio University in Nampula.展开更多
Introduction: Obesity is an increasingly common problem, and general practitioners need to be involved in its management. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of general practitioners in Ou...Introduction: Obesity is an increasingly common problem, and general practitioners need to be involved in its management. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of general practitioners in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Methodology: The cross-sectional survey was carried out between September 16 and October 15, 2024, involving general practitioners registered with the Medical Council. A structured questionnaire, previously tested, was sent by email and re-sent to maximize participation. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results: Of 424 physicians contacted, 121 participated. The vast majority (97.5%) of doctors recognized the influence of obesity on women’s sexual and reproductive health, with 89.3% identifying potential disorders. However, only 28.1% actively sought to detect these disorders in their patients. Surprisingly, 96.6% of doctors referred their patients to specialists for sexual problems, mainly gynecologists. What’s more, only 30.6% broach the subject of contraception. Reasons for this reluctance include the taboo nature of the subject and the lack of comfort in discussing it. Conclusion: The study reveals a good knowledge of the impact of obesity on sexual health, but there is a reluctance on the part of GPs to broach these subjects in consultation. Targeted training is essential to improve communication between doctors and obese patients.展开更多
Introduction: Breast and cervical cancer are real public health problems in Cameroon. Primary and secondary preventive measures remain the main means of the fight against cancer. This study aimed at evaluating women’...Introduction: Breast and cervical cancer are real public health problems in Cameroon. Primary and secondary preventive measures remain the main means of the fight against cancer. This study aimed at evaluating women’s knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding preventive measures against breast and cervical cancer. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Mbankomo Health District in Cameroon for 5 months (From March to August 2023). Data was collected using a questionnaire administered during an interview with consenting women. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Version 26 software. Differences were considered statistically significant for values of p Results: A total of 325 women participated in this study. More than half of the participants were aged between 21 and 30 (60.9%), singles (52.9%) and had at least one child (53. 2%). The level of knowledge was poor in 46.76% of participants. Attitudes were approximative for 34.15% of them and related to their perception of not being at risk of cancer. Only 13.23% of women had adequate practices, with 4.2% vaccinated against the human papillomavirus and 17.8% having undergone breast cancer screening. There was a significant association between a low level of education and a poor level of knowledge [OR: 4.72;95% CI: 2.82 - 7.89;P-value Conclusion: knowledge was correlated with attitudes and practices. It would be advisable to raise awareness of breast and cervical cancer prevention, targeting all women and youths, particularly in the current context where cancers are increasingly occurring in young people.展开更多
<strong>Introduction</strong><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: Appropriate feeding and consequentl...<strong>Introduction</strong><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: Appropriate feeding and consequently good nutritional status </span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">of young children largely depends on their caregivers. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aim</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: The current</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> study aimed at assessing maternal/caregivers’ current knowledge, attitudes, practices, and beliefs regarding different aspects of infant and young child feeding in Eastern and Central Uganda. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methodology</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: A cross-sectional survey design with mixed methods employing both qualitative and quantitative methods was used for data collection. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: The study participants included 556 caregivers and 572 children. Results indicate that most caregivers (77%) were knowledgeable about key infant and young child feeding practices such as breastfeeding, complementary feeding and meal frequency. However, culture </span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and economic hardships were</span><span style="color:red;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a major barrier to the applicability of this</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> knowledge. Nearly all (98%) children were ever breastfed with 41% having been initiated on breast milk in the first hour after birth and 68% of all the children below 6 months exclusively breastfed. Three percent of the children aged 6 - 23 months were classified as having either Moderate (2%) or Severe (1%) Acute malnutrition. The median birth weight was 3.2</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Kgs with nine percent of the children classified as underweight at birth. The majority (78%) of the children consumed foods from at least four food groups however only </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">44% consumed heme-rich animal flesh food such as meat, poultry, organ</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> meats and fish, 29% consumed milk and milk products while only 11% consumed eggs. The barriers to improved nutritional status and health-seeking</span><span style="color:red;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">behaviour in children from both regions were largely similar. Some of these included cultural practices which prohibit children from eating certain foods and lack of drugs in the health facilities. Lack of male involvement was a key barrier to health-seeking behaviour and the nutritional well-being of children. Males were, however, more knowledgeable about the key childcare practices that are critical to positive outcomes because they listen to radios, have access to social media and usually congregate at bars where this information is disseminated and exchanged. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> There should be continuous sensitization of mothers on the benefits of breastfeeding with special focus on early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding as well as child feeding practices during ill</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ness. To increase protein intake in children 6 - 23 months, interventions </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">aimed at increasing consumption of these vital nutrients such as promotion of nutrition-sensitive agricultural enterprises like rearing of small livestock and chickens should be emphasized. Consumption of these foods is critical, especially during pregnancy and infancy. Finally, male involvement in maternal and child feeding should be encouraged.</span></span></span></span>展开更多
To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices(KAP) on Zika virus infection among pregnant women in Brunei Darussalam by a cross-sectional survey. Methods: Between February and June 2017, we recruited 234 pregnant ...To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices(KAP) on Zika virus infection among pregnant women in Brunei Darussalam by a cross-sectional survey. Methods: Between February and June 2017, we recruited 234 pregnant women from all government healthcare centres at Brunei-Muara district, using a modified systematic sampling approach. A pre-tested and self-administered questionnaire was used and data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression analyses. Results: The study participants were mainly Malay(87.2%) and their mean age was 28.0 years. The median knowledge score was 13, out of a possible score of 28. Most participants(92.7%) knew that Zika virus was transmitted by mosquito bites whereas some(34.6%) knew that sexual transmission was also possible. Media(radio, television or newspapers) was the preferred source of updated information on Zika virus, followed by healthcare workers(44.0%), government announcements(43.2%), and social media(38.0%). Pregnant women who were 25 years old or older [Adj. OR=3.62(95% CI: 1.57, 9.51)], not Malays [Adj. OR=3.32(95% CI: 1.35, 8.55)], and had an average monthly household income of more than BND $3 000 [Adj. OR=4.06(95% CI: 1.81, 19.44)] were more likely to score higher for knowledge on Zika virus. The median prevention practice score was 23, out of a possible score of 36. Most participants reported wearing covering clothes(98.3%) and kept their living surroundings clean(99.6%). Most participants(88.0%) agreed that Zika is an important issue in their community. Conclusion: We found a lack of knowledge on Zika virus infection among pregnant women attending government maternal and child healthcare centres in Brunei Darussalam, in particular that Zika virus can be sexually transmitted. Such information could be well disseminated at the healthcare centre level. Health literacy studies should be conducted to understand the facilitators and barriers of KAP on Zika virus infection among pregnant women.展开更多
Pressure ulcers (PU) are one of the most common hospital-acquired problems that occur in patients with mobility limitations. Such wounds can produce pain and deterioration of the underlying condition. Sometimes, they ...Pressure ulcers (PU) are one of the most common hospital-acquired problems that occur in patients with mobility limitations. Such wounds can produce pain and deterioration of the underlying condition. Sometimes, they can be life-threatening, and their treatment can impose a financial burden on both the patient’s family and society. Nurses’ knowledge, attitude, and practice are the most important weapons to fight this preventable burden of PU among patients with impaired mobility. The purpose of this study was to assess nurses’ knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding PU prevention and treatment at Clinique Prince Louis Rwagasore (CPLR) in Bujumbura, Burundi. A cross-sectional study design was used. Convenience sampling was used to invite all 28 qualified nurses and nurses’ aids who work in the services where critically ill patients are admitted to participate. A questionnaire was created, and underwent evaluation of face validity before using it to collect data which was analysed using SPSS 21.0. Results revealed that nurses’ knowledge and practice scores were low as participants scored less than 50% on the six knowledge items and the six practice items. However, the attitude scores were greater than 65% on the five items used to evaluate attitude. A strong negative correlation was found between nurses’ knowledge and their attitude scores (r = ?0.479, p = 0.015). Education level was negatively associated with nurses’ knowledge and practice scores of PU prevention and treatment. A high attitude score did not correlate with a higher practice score which might be explained by low knowledge scores (less than 50% on knowledge items). Continuous professional development (CPD) was recommended to improve nurses’ knowledge scores and implementation of PU preventive practices at CPLR.展开更多
Improper practices and lack of knowledge by food handlers are contributing factors for the spread of foodborne outbreaks. This study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitude and practice of food handlers in military h...Improper practices and lack of knowledge by food handlers are contributing factors for the spread of foodborne outbreaks. This study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitude and practice of food handlers in military hospitals in Jordan. A Self completed questionnaire was answered by 200 employees;150 military employees and 50 civilian employees in 7 Jordanian military hospitals selected randomly one from the capital Amman and two from the three provinces. The results showed that the means of the percentage scores for the knowledge, attitude, practice, were 84.82, 88.88, 89.43, respectively and the overall knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP) mean percentage score was 87.88. A significant difference (P 0.05) in these values was observed between the military and civilian employee. The mean percentage scores for knowledge, attitude and practice were 88.5, 93.2, and 91.4, respectively for military employee compared to those for civilian employee of 73.7, 75.8, and 83.5, respectively. A significant difference for the overall (KAP) mean percentage score was also observed between gender, education and specific occupation of the food handler. Female KAP percentage mean score was 90.0 and that for males was 86.6;The college or university educations employee had a mean score of 91.6 while the elementary school education employee had a mean score of 79.7;The nutritionists and cooks had statistically similar means of 91.6 but these occupations significantly differ from the waiters 84.4 and cleaners 80.2.展开更多
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate oral health knowledge and practices among under-graduate university students from various disciplines with access to free dental care. Materials and Methods: A total of 70...Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate oral health knowledge and practices among under-graduate university students from various disciplines with access to free dental care. Materials and Methods: A total of 709 questionnaires were filled out. Data collected included: demographic data, oral health knowledge, and self-reported oral health practices and dental service utilization. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square analysis were performed;significance level was set at P < 0.05. Mean age was 20.8 ± 1.5 years. Results: There were (90.1%) of students who considered the toothbrush an oral hygiene aid, (91.1%) thought fluoride was beneficial to teeth, and almost (80%) students believed smoking has harmful effects on oral health. Regarding oral health practices, nearly half of the samples reported twice daily tooth-brushing, one-third received regular dental check-ups, and half visited the dentist because of pain or bleeding gums;fear was the main reason for not visiting the dentist. Females primarily visited the dentist for esthetic reasons (70%) and males upon complaint (59.8%). Oral health knowledge and practices among university students were poor. Conclusion: Dental students showed higher knowledge and better practices among disciplines studied. It is also important that dental hygienists take an active role in educating students in the aspect of oral health.展开更多
AIM: To develop an eye health knowledge, attitude and practice(EH-KAP) field-based assessment tool for use in implementing effective eye health care services.METHODS: An instrument development and validation study. A ...AIM: To develop an eye health knowledge, attitude and practice(EH-KAP) field-based assessment tool for use in implementing effective eye health care services.METHODS: An instrument development and validation study. A Vietnam EH-KAP dataset were used to identify and eliminate redundant questions to develop a standardized tool. Face validity was assessed by the KAP survey team. Internal validity(congruency/criterion) was assessed by comparing descriptive analysis of two datasets(n=531;n=38) collected from the same sampling frame at different time points. Weighted scores were calculated for each construct. Kappa values for test-retest and inter-observer agreement were calculated to check the reliability of responses. The modified version was assessed by analysing the raw and ungrouped data. Responses were weighted and agreement was tested by comparing construct scores.RESULTS: Totally 38 respondents were included in this validation process(mean age 58.5 y). Mean scores for knowledge were 9.15(old questionnaire n=531) and 5.05(modified version). For attitude, the scores were 2.23 and 2.42, and for practice the scores were 3.33 and 2.21. Testretest agreement was between 62% to 93%(Kappa 0.24 to 0.86) for the ungrouped raw data, and 55% to 72%(Kappa 0.42 to 0.65) for KAP domain. Inter-observer Kappa value for ungrouped data was 0.37 and 0.45 for the weighted scores.CONCLUSION: This standardized tool applied at critical time points can assess trends in KAP within the same population and for comparison across groups. If used alongside a Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness(RAAB), this tool provides a comprehensive perspective on eye-health of a population.展开更多
Most scientific discoveries and advancements have occurred in the world in the last century. Both developed and developing countries are the beneficiaries of the new scientific knowledge and its application. Advanced ...Most scientific discoveries and advancements have occurred in the world in the last century. Both developed and developing countries are the beneficiaries of the new scientific knowledge and its application. Advanced knowledge and the ethical issues are inseparable from research, treatment, prophylaxis and prevention involving human diseases. It is necessary to make well informed decisions about acceptance of advancements that have taken place elsewhere and also prepare systems for our research and medical education. Bioethics therefore needs to be grounded in the local socio cultural context and health care systems. Students make first contact with human biological tissue in the Anatomy department. The seeds of ethical practices and professionalism are sown here. Therefore appropriate knowledge and attitudes of anatomists and cell biologists towards human tissue is important for regular practice of medicine. A questionnaire based study of knowledge and attitudes of 300 anatomy faculty related to use of human biological materials in research and education was conducted. The items included in the questionnaire were to judge the awareness about the same i.e., laboratory handling of human material and research related to corpses, organ & whole body donation along with their use in clinical learning and research in various medical specialties like, orthopedics, surgery, ENT, anesthesia etc. for clinicians, physicians and surgeons as well as undergraduate, post graduate and allied workforce teaching. The data collected from the respondents in the form of positive and negative responses was analyzed. The study identifies the knowledge gaps and the perceptions of faculty regarding the scope and utility of understanding the role of human biological tissues in curriculum and research and transmission of message to the next generation of learners.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the knowledge,attitudes,and practices regarding eye-care seeking practices of visually impaired adults in a rural area Yueqing,and explore factors influencing their behavior.METHODS:A stratified sampli...AIM:To evaluate the knowledge,attitudes,and practices regarding eye-care seeking practices of visually impaired adults in a rural area Yueqing,and explore factors influencing their behavior.METHODS:A stratified sampling method was used to select 48 villages in Yueqing,from which 2400 people were selected to receive vision screenings conducted by oculists during a household visit.Those presenting visual acuity≥0.5 log MAR in either eye completed a self-designed questionnaire investigating their knowledge about medical eye-care seeking,attitudes about eye health and eye-careseeking behavior.RESULTS:Totally 165 people with moderate-to-severe visual impairment were identified(6.9%,165/2400),and 146 eligible participants were recruited(response rate:88.4%,mean age:68.6±15.0 y),among which 88(60.3%)were female.They had 82(56.2%)and 64(43.8%)monocular and binocular visual impairments respectively.A total of 67(45.9%)subjects demonstrated a high knowledge level about medical eye-care seeking and 88(60.3%)had self-rated poor vision,with 23(15%)receiving regular vision checks.The 105(71.9%)subjects had never been to hospital for an eye examination."No need"and"schedule conflicts"were the main reasons for not seeking eye care.Having extensive knowledge of medical eye-care seeking was positively associated with high education levels(OR=3.73,P=0.045)and negatively correlated with older age(OR=0.97,P=0.043).Both the self-perceived vision condition(OR=2.59,P=0.03)and regular vision check behavior(OR=6.50,P<0.01)were related with seeking eye care services.CONCLUSION:In rural Yueqing,intervention is required to increase public knowledge about seeking medical eye care among people with moderate-to-severe visual impairment,especially for the elderly and poorly education.Regular vision checks may be useful to promote their medical eye-care utilization.展开更多
Food handlers have a prime role to play in food businesses, and that is to guarantee that meals served are hygienic for consumption. Conscious or inadvertent contamination of such food places consumers at risk of suff...Food handlers have a prime role to play in food businesses, and that is to guarantee that meals served are hygienic for consumption. Conscious or inadvertent contamination of such food places consumers at risk of suffering from food- borne illnesses. For this reason the study was carried out to document the food hygiene knowledge, attitudes and practices of some food handlers, in food businesses in Accra, Ghana and also to determine the microbiological load of the foods sold by the food businesses. The study targeted food handlers in the hotel industry. The study involved a field survey, followed by a laboratory assessment of microbiological status of food samples obtained from the sampled hotels. Cross tabulations and chi – squared tests (5% significance level) as well as frequency distributions were used to analyze the data obtained from the field survey. Data obtained from the laboratory assessment were also compared to standard values of microbiological counts. Majority of respondents were between the ages of 30 - 40 years (42.9%) with tertiary or post secondary education. Food hygiene knowledge and attitudes were satisfactory, however its practice was challenging. Gender, age and educational level of respondents did not influence their food hygiene practices. Microbial counts of all food samples was generally high ranging from 1.2 × 105 CFU/g to 1.1 × 108 CFU /g. The total coliform counts of foods ranged from 1.0 × 104 CFU/g to 5.0 × 106 CFU/g, and these were obtained from three out of the five hotel kitchens sampled. The study concluded that, the food hygiene knowledge and attitudes of the food handlers did not result in efficient food hygiene practices.展开更多
Objective: To analyze the knowledge, attitudes and practices of mothers about breastfeeding at the Brazzaville University Hospital Center. Population and Methods: Analytical KAP study, conducted from February 1 to May...Objective: To analyze the knowledge, attitudes and practices of mothers about breastfeeding at the Brazzaville University Hospital Center. Population and Methods: Analytical KAP study, conducted from February 1 to May 31, 2019, including exclusively manner mothers who have started breastfeeding for at least 4 months and at most 24 months in accordance with the recommendations of the World Health Organization. The study variables were related to socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes and practices. Results: One hundred and forty mothers were questioned. They were of a median age of 30, multiparous (61.5%), in a couple (78.6%), with gainful activity (47.9%). They had enough knowledge (87.1%) but harmful in 26.5% of cases, adapted attitudes (95%) with answers of different certainties, and bad practices (60%). Knowledge did not influence attitudes (p > 0.2). Knowledge and attitudes influenced practices (p Conclusion: An educational strategy on mothers’ knowledge and attitudes towards breastfeeding would help improve their breastfeeding practices.展开更多
Introduction<span style="font-family:Verdana;">: <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Improving teenagers’ knowledge <span style="font-family:Verdana;">on<span style=&...Introduction<span style="font-family:Verdana;">: <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Improving teenagers’ knowledge <span style="font-family:Verdana;">on<span style="font-family:Verdana;"> sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is important to prevent unintended pregnancies. We aimed to assess comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) <span style="font-family:Verdana;">programs and knowledge, attitudes <span style="font-family:Verdana;">and<span style="font-family:Verdana;"> practices of adolescents and teachers towards contraception. <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods<span style="font-family:Verdana;">: <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Based on the reasoned action theory and CSE guidelines, a qualitative study was conducted with seven teachers and 62 adolescents aged 15 <span style="font-family:Verdana;">- <span style="font-family:Verdana;">19. The data were collected through six focus groups (FG) of adolescents and seven semi-structured interviews of teachers. The program of the family life education course (FLEC) was assessed. The Atlas Ti software helped to analyze the data, using a deductive approach. <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results<span style="font-family:Verdana;">: <span style="font-family:Verdana;">The periodic abstinence, male condoms <span style="font-family:Verdana;">and<span style="font-family:Verdana;"> pills were the most known contraceptive methods. Adolescents and teachers were reluctant to use artificial contraceptive methods, apart from the male condom which they used irregularly. Girls especially prefer<span style="font-family:Verdana;">red<span style="font-family:Verdana;"> natural contraceptive methods, fearing side effects, such as the risk of infertility. Almost all adolescents wanted to be informed on SRH and family planning in school. However, they estimated <span style="font-family:Verdana;">that <span style="font-family:Verdana;">the content of the FLEC <span style="font-family:Verdana;">was <span style="font-family:Verdana;">insufficient <span style="font-family:Verdana;">and criticize<span style="font-family:Verdana;">d<span style="font-family:Verdana;"> the teachers<span style="font-family:Verdana;">’<span style="font-family:Verdana;"> lack of openness. Their main sources of information were peers, siblings <span style="font-family:Verdana;">and<span style="font-family:Verdana;"> the internet. Mothers were an important source of information for girls, unlike fathers considered to be indifferent or even frightening. <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion<span style="font-family:Verdana;">: <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Adolescents’ and teachers’ knowledge <span style="font-family:Verdana;">are<span style="font-family:Verdana;"> weak;and their attitude<span style="font-family:Verdana;">s<span style="font-family:Verdana;"> unfavorable towards contraception. Misconceptions about contraception lead to the use of ineffective practices to prevent unwanted pregnancies. To improve knowledge, a teacher training program should be developed and the content of the FLEC improved<span style="font-family:Verdana;">, <span style="font-family:Verdana;">formalized and regulated.展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong> This study examined the COVID-19-related knowledge, attitude and practices among undergraduate students in Uganda. <strong>Methods:</strong> An online cross-section...<strong>Background:</strong> This study examined the COVID-19-related knowledge, attitude and practices among undergraduate students in Uganda. <strong>Methods:</strong> An online cross-sectional survey was conducted from 12<sup>th</sup>-19<sup>th</sup> June 2020 among undergraduate students using a standard questionnaire designed using Google Forms sent via WhatsApp Messenger. The data were analyzed using SPSS. Pearson’s Chi-square test was used to test the differences and odds ratios with their 95% confidence intervals were used for quantifying the association between independent and dependent variables. p < 0.05 was considered significant. A cut-off score of ≥80% was used to denote sufficient knowledge, positive attitude, and good practices. <strong>Results:</strong> Of the 161 respondents, 102 (63.4%) were males with a mean age of 24.2 (5.0) years. The majority 121 (75.2%) were pursuing health-related programs and overall, 110 (68.3%) had sufficient knowledge while 76 (47.2%) had a positive attitude and good practice each. Knowledge and attitude were significantly associated with health-related programs (AOR 4.78, 95% CI 2.06 - 11.07;p < 0.001) and (AOR 3.18, 95% CI 1.33 - 7.62;p = 0.010) respectively. The practice was associated with the male gender (AOR 2.37, 95% CI 1.19 - 4.73;p = 0.014). The most commonly cited sources of COVID-19 information were news media 147 (91.3%), Ministry of Health 134 (83.2%), and social media 125 (77.6%). The ministry of health was considered the most trustworthy source 139 (86.3%) and social media the least 21 (13.0%). <strong>Conclusions:</strong> COVID-19-related knowledge, attitude and practices among undergraduates in Uganda were low overall. Therefore, concerted efforts to provide tailored health education and behaviour change communication are needed.展开更多
Introduction: High blood pressure is a real public health problem affecting more than one in three adults. The objective of this study was to evaluate the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices of health care per...Introduction: High blood pressure is a real public health problem affecting more than one in three adults. The objective of this study was to evaluate the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices of health care personnel in the management of hypertension in Conakry. Methods: Descriptive transversal study of 6 months, from April 20, 2018 to September 20, 2018, which took place in the internal medicine departments of the two university hospital centers (CHU) of Conakry (Donka and Ignace Deen). The study population consisted of general practitioners and specialists, practicing in both departments for at least two years and who agreed to submit to our questionnaire. Results: At the end of the study, we included 140 doctors, 61% at Donka University Hospital and 39% at Ignace Deen University Hospital. The predominance was male with 113 men for 27 women with a sex ratio H/F = 4.18. General practitioners were the most represented with 95% against 5% specialists. Sixty-four percent of physicians gave an exact definition of hypertension, 56% of physicians confirmed the diagnosis of hypertension after 2 to 3 consultations. 19% offered monotherapy as first-line treatment, only 72% said that the duration of Antihypertensive treatment was for life. Conclusion: Theseresults demonstrate that it is essential to reflect on our daily practices for a good improvement in the quality of care for patients.展开更多
Objective: To evaluate the availability of emergency obstetric care (EmOC) in maternity hospitals in Parakou as well as the knowledge, attitudes and practices of EmOC providers in 2017. Material and method: This was a...Objective: To evaluate the availability of emergency obstetric care (EmOC) in maternity hospitals in Parakou as well as the knowledge, attitudes and practices of EmOC providers in 2017. Material and method: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional analytical study conducted in the maternity wards of public and private health facilities in Parakou and the health care providers of the maternity wards. Epi Data software version 3.1, Epi Info version 7.2 and EXCEL 2007 were used for data processing. Results: A total of 17 maternity homes and 91 providers participated in the study. All 7 basic functions (BEmOC) were available in 23.53% of these maternities. Providers’ knowledge of EmOC was good at 6.59%, average at 15.38%, insufficient at 24.18% and bad at 53.85%. As for the attitudes, they were just in 3.30%, approximate in 36.26%, wrong in 26.37% and harmful in 34.07%. Regarding the practices of these providers, they were adequate in 6.59%, inadequate in 38.46% and harmful in 54.95%. The global knowledge, attitudes and practices (CAP) score is acceptable in the majority of providers (57.14%). It is poor in 38.46% and good in 4.40%. Conclusion: In Parakou, the availability of emergency obstetric care (EmOC) contrasts with the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices of providers who require training in EmOC.展开更多
文摘Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) widespread in sub-Saharan Africa and mostly affects school going children. Côte d’Ivoire is one of the most vulnerable countries to schistosomiasis, and its prevalence varies by region. This cross-sectional survey was conducted in schools in the Upper Sassandra region to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practices of school children regarding schistosomiasis. In total, 354 students participated in the survey. Our results showed that, compared to the girls, the boys had a higher level of knowledge about schistosomiasis OR = 1.605 and p = 0.05. Regarding the signs, symptoms, and modes of transmission and prevention of schistosomiasis, the participants reported a low level of knowledge p > 0.05 and OR 1. In conclusion, it is important to target health messages in schools to reach the most vulnerable students effectively. This initiative aims to provide children with basic knowledge and skills in the transmission of schistosomiasis.
文摘<strong>Introduction:</strong> Glaucoma is a major cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Early detection and awareness are essential to reduce the impact on eye health. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of health care staff about glaucoma in Lomé. <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> This was a prospective cross-sectional and descriptive study including health care staff in Lomé, from October 1st to December 31st, 2020, for a period of 3 months. After their agreement, the officers responded to questions based on a survey sheet. <strong>Results:</strong> A total of 169 agents from 3 centers in Lomé, i.e. the Sylvanus Olympio University Teaching Hospital, the Campus University teaching Hospital and the Bè Hospital were involved. 50.9% of the agents were male versus 49.1% female, i.e. a ratio of 1.04. The average age was 33.66 ± 10.45 years. 46.10% were doctors versus 53.90% paramedics. 58.60% had at most 5 years of experience against 41.40% who had more than 5 years of experience. 53.80% defined glaucoma as ocular hypertension while 17.20% defined it as optic nerve disease. 46.20% did not know that there were many types of glaucomas compared to 53.20% who knew that there are many types of glaucomas. 92.30% knew that glaucoma can lead to cause visual loss. Regarding attitudes and practices about glaucoma, 91.70% declared that the follow-up should be done by the ophthalmologist, 81.10% thought that it would be necessary to be checked by the doctor only every 6 months. Finally, 65.08% declared that they had to use eye drops for life for the treatment. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Steps should be taken to educate staff more about glaucoma attitudes and practices and also plan for action in the population.
文摘The ENT pathologies are not well known to the populations of our developing countries. This lack of knowledge leads certain subjects to have attitudes and practices that favor their occurrence and/or their aggravation. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge and describe the attitudes and practices of patients facing ENT pathologies at the Conakry Hospital and University Center (CHU). This was a prospective, descriptive study lasting six months (June-November 2018). Among the 1410 patients who had consulted in the department during the study period, 1102 had participated in the survey, or 78.16% of cases. The mean age of the patients was 39.3 ± 17.3 years, predominantly female, for a sex ratio of 0.75. The majority of patients were of university education (41.02%) and civil servants (38.66%) represented the dominant socio-professional layer. Rhino-sinusitis (30.85%) and ear infections (20.14%) were the most common pathologies. Almost a third (32.85%) of respondents had no knowledge of behaviors harmful to ENT health. More than half (52.45%) of the patients did not know of any factors favoring the occurrence of ENT pathologies. The therapeutic orientation had been made towards modern medicine in 63.52% against 4.54% for traditional medicine. The choice of self-medication concerned 31.94% of patients. This survey showed that patients have limited knowledge of ENT pathologies as well as the attitudes and practices likely to favor their occurrence. However, a multicenter study involving a larger proportion of patients will confirm these data.
文摘Introduction: Refractive error is recognized as one of the most important causes of correctable visual impairment and affects people of all ages, socioeconomic levels, and ethnic groups. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated 285 million people globally were visually impaired, with 39 million blinds. The aim of this study is to access the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of health sciences students about the refractive error in Nampula, Mozambique. Material and Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study including health sciences students of Lúrio University in Nampula, applying a questionnaire to access their knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning the refractive error. The collected data were entered into SPSS version 22.0 for analysis. Frequency distribution and central tendency measures (mean, median) were used to summarize the descriptive part of the study. Results were described using tables and running text. Sample students were included after obtaining informed consent. Results: A total of 298 students participated in the study, 50.3% female, with average age of 24 ± 5.4 years. 69.8% had an eye exam and 54.7% believe they have good vision, 58.1% say that wearing glasses is the main method of correcting refractive errors. 92.3% refer to the Central Hospital as the best place to provide eye health services. The main reason for not purchasing the glasses was their cost (47.3%) and the alternative method for spectacle users was contact lenses (81.0%). The students’ attitudes were positive towards the use of glasses. Conclusion: Visual health education about the knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding refractive errors among students must be intensified to ensure good dissemination of information in the surrounding communities enrolled in the health promotion program “One Student, One Family” implemented by Lúrio University in Nampula.
文摘Introduction: Obesity is an increasingly common problem, and general practitioners need to be involved in its management. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of general practitioners in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Methodology: The cross-sectional survey was carried out between September 16 and October 15, 2024, involving general practitioners registered with the Medical Council. A structured questionnaire, previously tested, was sent by email and re-sent to maximize participation. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results: Of 424 physicians contacted, 121 participated. The vast majority (97.5%) of doctors recognized the influence of obesity on women’s sexual and reproductive health, with 89.3% identifying potential disorders. However, only 28.1% actively sought to detect these disorders in their patients. Surprisingly, 96.6% of doctors referred their patients to specialists for sexual problems, mainly gynecologists. What’s more, only 30.6% broach the subject of contraception. Reasons for this reluctance include the taboo nature of the subject and the lack of comfort in discussing it. Conclusion: The study reveals a good knowledge of the impact of obesity on sexual health, but there is a reluctance on the part of GPs to broach these subjects in consultation. Targeted training is essential to improve communication between doctors and obese patients.
文摘Introduction: Breast and cervical cancer are real public health problems in Cameroon. Primary and secondary preventive measures remain the main means of the fight against cancer. This study aimed at evaluating women’s knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding preventive measures against breast and cervical cancer. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Mbankomo Health District in Cameroon for 5 months (From March to August 2023). Data was collected using a questionnaire administered during an interview with consenting women. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Version 26 software. Differences were considered statistically significant for values of p Results: A total of 325 women participated in this study. More than half of the participants were aged between 21 and 30 (60.9%), singles (52.9%) and had at least one child (53. 2%). The level of knowledge was poor in 46.76% of participants. Attitudes were approximative for 34.15% of them and related to their perception of not being at risk of cancer. Only 13.23% of women had adequate practices, with 4.2% vaccinated against the human papillomavirus and 17.8% having undergone breast cancer screening. There was a significant association between a low level of education and a poor level of knowledge [OR: 4.72;95% CI: 2.82 - 7.89;P-value Conclusion: knowledge was correlated with attitudes and practices. It would be advisable to raise awareness of breast and cervical cancer prevention, targeting all women and youths, particularly in the current context where cancers are increasingly occurring in young people.
文摘<strong>Introduction</strong><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: Appropriate feeding and consequently good nutritional status </span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">of young children largely depends on their caregivers. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aim</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: The current</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> study aimed at assessing maternal/caregivers’ current knowledge, attitudes, practices, and beliefs regarding different aspects of infant and young child feeding in Eastern and Central Uganda. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methodology</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: A cross-sectional survey design with mixed methods employing both qualitative and quantitative methods was used for data collection. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: The study participants included 556 caregivers and 572 children. Results indicate that most caregivers (77%) were knowledgeable about key infant and young child feeding practices such as breastfeeding, complementary feeding and meal frequency. However, culture </span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and economic hardships were</span><span style="color:red;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a major barrier to the applicability of this</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> knowledge. Nearly all (98%) children were ever breastfed with 41% having been initiated on breast milk in the first hour after birth and 68% of all the children below 6 months exclusively breastfed. Three percent of the children aged 6 - 23 months were classified as having either Moderate (2%) or Severe (1%) Acute malnutrition. The median birth weight was 3.2</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Kgs with nine percent of the children classified as underweight at birth. The majority (78%) of the children consumed foods from at least four food groups however only </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">44% consumed heme-rich animal flesh food such as meat, poultry, organ</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> meats and fish, 29% consumed milk and milk products while only 11% consumed eggs. The barriers to improved nutritional status and health-seeking</span><span style="color:red;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">behaviour in children from both regions were largely similar. Some of these included cultural practices which prohibit children from eating certain foods and lack of drugs in the health facilities. Lack of male involvement was a key barrier to health-seeking behaviour and the nutritional well-being of children. Males were, however, more knowledgeable about the key childcare practices that are critical to positive outcomes because they listen to radios, have access to social media and usually congregate at bars where this information is disseminated and exchanged. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> There should be continuous sensitization of mothers on the benefits of breastfeeding with special focus on early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding as well as child feeding practices during ill</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ness. To increase protein intake in children 6 - 23 months, interventions </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">aimed at increasing consumption of these vital nutrients such as promotion of nutrition-sensitive agricultural enterprises like rearing of small livestock and chickens should be emphasized. Consumption of these foods is critical, especially during pregnancy and infancy. Finally, male involvement in maternal and child feeding should be encouraged.</span></span></span></span>
文摘To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices(KAP) on Zika virus infection among pregnant women in Brunei Darussalam by a cross-sectional survey. Methods: Between February and June 2017, we recruited 234 pregnant women from all government healthcare centres at Brunei-Muara district, using a modified systematic sampling approach. A pre-tested and self-administered questionnaire was used and data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression analyses. Results: The study participants were mainly Malay(87.2%) and their mean age was 28.0 years. The median knowledge score was 13, out of a possible score of 28. Most participants(92.7%) knew that Zika virus was transmitted by mosquito bites whereas some(34.6%) knew that sexual transmission was also possible. Media(radio, television or newspapers) was the preferred source of updated information on Zika virus, followed by healthcare workers(44.0%), government announcements(43.2%), and social media(38.0%). Pregnant women who were 25 years old or older [Adj. OR=3.62(95% CI: 1.57, 9.51)], not Malays [Adj. OR=3.32(95% CI: 1.35, 8.55)], and had an average monthly household income of more than BND $3 000 [Adj. OR=4.06(95% CI: 1.81, 19.44)] were more likely to score higher for knowledge on Zika virus. The median prevention practice score was 23, out of a possible score of 36. Most participants reported wearing covering clothes(98.3%) and kept their living surroundings clean(99.6%). Most participants(88.0%) agreed that Zika is an important issue in their community. Conclusion: We found a lack of knowledge on Zika virus infection among pregnant women attending government maternal and child healthcare centres in Brunei Darussalam, in particular that Zika virus can be sexually transmitted. Such information could be well disseminated at the healthcare centre level. Health literacy studies should be conducted to understand the facilitators and barriers of KAP on Zika virus infection among pregnant women.
文摘Pressure ulcers (PU) are one of the most common hospital-acquired problems that occur in patients with mobility limitations. Such wounds can produce pain and deterioration of the underlying condition. Sometimes, they can be life-threatening, and their treatment can impose a financial burden on both the patient’s family and society. Nurses’ knowledge, attitude, and practice are the most important weapons to fight this preventable burden of PU among patients with impaired mobility. The purpose of this study was to assess nurses’ knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding PU prevention and treatment at Clinique Prince Louis Rwagasore (CPLR) in Bujumbura, Burundi. A cross-sectional study design was used. Convenience sampling was used to invite all 28 qualified nurses and nurses’ aids who work in the services where critically ill patients are admitted to participate. A questionnaire was created, and underwent evaluation of face validity before using it to collect data which was analysed using SPSS 21.0. Results revealed that nurses’ knowledge and practice scores were low as participants scored less than 50% on the six knowledge items and the six practice items. However, the attitude scores were greater than 65% on the five items used to evaluate attitude. A strong negative correlation was found between nurses’ knowledge and their attitude scores (r = ?0.479, p = 0.015). Education level was negatively associated with nurses’ knowledge and practice scores of PU prevention and treatment. A high attitude score did not correlate with a higher practice score which might be explained by low knowledge scores (less than 50% on knowledge items). Continuous professional development (CPD) was recommended to improve nurses’ knowledge scores and implementation of PU preventive practices at CPLR.
文摘Improper practices and lack of knowledge by food handlers are contributing factors for the spread of foodborne outbreaks. This study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitude and practice of food handlers in military hospitals in Jordan. A Self completed questionnaire was answered by 200 employees;150 military employees and 50 civilian employees in 7 Jordanian military hospitals selected randomly one from the capital Amman and two from the three provinces. The results showed that the means of the percentage scores for the knowledge, attitude, practice, were 84.82, 88.88, 89.43, respectively and the overall knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP) mean percentage score was 87.88. A significant difference (P 0.05) in these values was observed between the military and civilian employee. The mean percentage scores for knowledge, attitude and practice were 88.5, 93.2, and 91.4, respectively for military employee compared to those for civilian employee of 73.7, 75.8, and 83.5, respectively. A significant difference for the overall (KAP) mean percentage score was also observed between gender, education and specific occupation of the food handler. Female KAP percentage mean score was 90.0 and that for males was 86.6;The college or university educations employee had a mean score of 91.6 while the elementary school education employee had a mean score of 79.7;The nutritionists and cooks had statistically similar means of 91.6 but these occupations significantly differ from the waiters 84.4 and cleaners 80.2.
文摘Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate oral health knowledge and practices among under-graduate university students from various disciplines with access to free dental care. Materials and Methods: A total of 709 questionnaires were filled out. Data collected included: demographic data, oral health knowledge, and self-reported oral health practices and dental service utilization. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square analysis were performed;significance level was set at P < 0.05. Mean age was 20.8 ± 1.5 years. Results: There were (90.1%) of students who considered the toothbrush an oral hygiene aid, (91.1%) thought fluoride was beneficial to teeth, and almost (80%) students believed smoking has harmful effects on oral health. Regarding oral health practices, nearly half of the samples reported twice daily tooth-brushing, one-third received regular dental check-ups, and half visited the dentist because of pain or bleeding gums;fear was the main reason for not visiting the dentist. Females primarily visited the dentist for esthetic reasons (70%) and males upon complaint (59.8%). Oral health knowledge and practices among university students were poor. Conclusion: Dental students showed higher knowledge and better practices among disciplines studied. It is also important that dental hygienists take an active role in educating students in the aspect of oral health.
基金Supported by the Australian Government Avoidable Blindness Initiative granted through CBM Australia
文摘AIM: To develop an eye health knowledge, attitude and practice(EH-KAP) field-based assessment tool for use in implementing effective eye health care services.METHODS: An instrument development and validation study. A Vietnam EH-KAP dataset were used to identify and eliminate redundant questions to develop a standardized tool. Face validity was assessed by the KAP survey team. Internal validity(congruency/criterion) was assessed by comparing descriptive analysis of two datasets(n=531;n=38) collected from the same sampling frame at different time points. Weighted scores were calculated for each construct. Kappa values for test-retest and inter-observer agreement were calculated to check the reliability of responses. The modified version was assessed by analysing the raw and ungrouped data. Responses were weighted and agreement was tested by comparing construct scores.RESULTS: Totally 38 respondents were included in this validation process(mean age 58.5 y). Mean scores for knowledge were 9.15(old questionnaire n=531) and 5.05(modified version). For attitude, the scores were 2.23 and 2.42, and for practice the scores were 3.33 and 2.21. Testretest agreement was between 62% to 93%(Kappa 0.24 to 0.86) for the ungrouped raw data, and 55% to 72%(Kappa 0.42 to 0.65) for KAP domain. Inter-observer Kappa value for ungrouped data was 0.37 and 0.45 for the weighted scores.CONCLUSION: This standardized tool applied at critical time points can assess trends in KAP within the same population and for comparison across groups. If used alongside a Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness(RAAB), this tool provides a comprehensive perspective on eye-health of a population.
文摘Most scientific discoveries and advancements have occurred in the world in the last century. Both developed and developing countries are the beneficiaries of the new scientific knowledge and its application. Advanced knowledge and the ethical issues are inseparable from research, treatment, prophylaxis and prevention involving human diseases. It is necessary to make well informed decisions about acceptance of advancements that have taken place elsewhere and also prepare systems for our research and medical education. Bioethics therefore needs to be grounded in the local socio cultural context and health care systems. Students make first contact with human biological tissue in the Anatomy department. The seeds of ethical practices and professionalism are sown here. Therefore appropriate knowledge and attitudes of anatomists and cell biologists towards human tissue is important for regular practice of medicine. A questionnaire based study of knowledge and attitudes of 300 anatomy faculty related to use of human biological materials in research and education was conducted. The items included in the questionnaire were to judge the awareness about the same i.e., laboratory handling of human material and research related to corpses, organ & whole body donation along with their use in clinical learning and research in various medical specialties like, orthopedics, surgery, ENT, anesthesia etc. for clinicians, physicians and surgeons as well as undergraduate, post graduate and allied workforce teaching. The data collected from the respondents in the form of positive and negative responses was analyzed. The study identifies the knowledge gaps and the perceptions of faculty regarding the scope and utility of understanding the role of human biological tissues in curriculum and research and transmission of message to the next generation of learners.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Benefiting Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2014H01007)the Zhejiang Medical Science and Technology Program(No.2018KY543)。
文摘AIM:To evaluate the knowledge,attitudes,and practices regarding eye-care seeking practices of visually impaired adults in a rural area Yueqing,and explore factors influencing their behavior.METHODS:A stratified sampling method was used to select 48 villages in Yueqing,from which 2400 people were selected to receive vision screenings conducted by oculists during a household visit.Those presenting visual acuity≥0.5 log MAR in either eye completed a self-designed questionnaire investigating their knowledge about medical eye-care seeking,attitudes about eye health and eye-careseeking behavior.RESULTS:Totally 165 people with moderate-to-severe visual impairment were identified(6.9%,165/2400),and 146 eligible participants were recruited(response rate:88.4%,mean age:68.6±15.0 y),among which 88(60.3%)were female.They had 82(56.2%)and 64(43.8%)monocular and binocular visual impairments respectively.A total of 67(45.9%)subjects demonstrated a high knowledge level about medical eye-care seeking and 88(60.3%)had self-rated poor vision,with 23(15%)receiving regular vision checks.The 105(71.9%)subjects had never been to hospital for an eye examination."No need"and"schedule conflicts"were the main reasons for not seeking eye care.Having extensive knowledge of medical eye-care seeking was positively associated with high education levels(OR=3.73,P=0.045)and negatively correlated with older age(OR=0.97,P=0.043).Both the self-perceived vision condition(OR=2.59,P=0.03)and regular vision check behavior(OR=6.50,P<0.01)were related with seeking eye care services.CONCLUSION:In rural Yueqing,intervention is required to increase public knowledge about seeking medical eye care among people with moderate-to-severe visual impairment,especially for the elderly and poorly education.Regular vision checks may be useful to promote their medical eye-care utilization.
文摘Food handlers have a prime role to play in food businesses, and that is to guarantee that meals served are hygienic for consumption. Conscious or inadvertent contamination of such food places consumers at risk of suffering from food- borne illnesses. For this reason the study was carried out to document the food hygiene knowledge, attitudes and practices of some food handlers, in food businesses in Accra, Ghana and also to determine the microbiological load of the foods sold by the food businesses. The study targeted food handlers in the hotel industry. The study involved a field survey, followed by a laboratory assessment of microbiological status of food samples obtained from the sampled hotels. Cross tabulations and chi – squared tests (5% significance level) as well as frequency distributions were used to analyze the data obtained from the field survey. Data obtained from the laboratory assessment were also compared to standard values of microbiological counts. Majority of respondents were between the ages of 30 - 40 years (42.9%) with tertiary or post secondary education. Food hygiene knowledge and attitudes were satisfactory, however its practice was challenging. Gender, age and educational level of respondents did not influence their food hygiene practices. Microbial counts of all food samples was generally high ranging from 1.2 × 105 CFU/g to 1.1 × 108 CFU /g. The total coliform counts of foods ranged from 1.0 × 104 CFU/g to 5.0 × 106 CFU/g, and these were obtained from three out of the five hotel kitchens sampled. The study concluded that, the food hygiene knowledge and attitudes of the food handlers did not result in efficient food hygiene practices.
文摘Objective: To analyze the knowledge, attitudes and practices of mothers about breastfeeding at the Brazzaville University Hospital Center. Population and Methods: Analytical KAP study, conducted from February 1 to May 31, 2019, including exclusively manner mothers who have started breastfeeding for at least 4 months and at most 24 months in accordance with the recommendations of the World Health Organization. The study variables were related to socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes and practices. Results: One hundred and forty mothers were questioned. They were of a median age of 30, multiparous (61.5%), in a couple (78.6%), with gainful activity (47.9%). They had enough knowledge (87.1%) but harmful in 26.5% of cases, adapted attitudes (95%) with answers of different certainties, and bad practices (60%). Knowledge did not influence attitudes (p > 0.2). Knowledge and attitudes influenced practices (p Conclusion: An educational strategy on mothers’ knowledge and attitudes towards breastfeeding would help improve their breastfeeding practices.
文摘Introduction<span style="font-family:Verdana;">: <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Improving teenagers’ knowledge <span style="font-family:Verdana;">on<span style="font-family:Verdana;"> sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is important to prevent unintended pregnancies. We aimed to assess comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) <span style="font-family:Verdana;">programs and knowledge, attitudes <span style="font-family:Verdana;">and<span style="font-family:Verdana;"> practices of adolescents and teachers towards contraception. <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods<span style="font-family:Verdana;">: <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Based on the reasoned action theory and CSE guidelines, a qualitative study was conducted with seven teachers and 62 adolescents aged 15 <span style="font-family:Verdana;">- <span style="font-family:Verdana;">19. The data were collected through six focus groups (FG) of adolescents and seven semi-structured interviews of teachers. The program of the family life education course (FLEC) was assessed. The Atlas Ti software helped to analyze the data, using a deductive approach. <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results<span style="font-family:Verdana;">: <span style="font-family:Verdana;">The periodic abstinence, male condoms <span style="font-family:Verdana;">and<span style="font-family:Verdana;"> pills were the most known contraceptive methods. Adolescents and teachers were reluctant to use artificial contraceptive methods, apart from the male condom which they used irregularly. Girls especially prefer<span style="font-family:Verdana;">red<span style="font-family:Verdana;"> natural contraceptive methods, fearing side effects, such as the risk of infertility. Almost all adolescents wanted to be informed on SRH and family planning in school. However, they estimated <span style="font-family:Verdana;">that <span style="font-family:Verdana;">the content of the FLEC <span style="font-family:Verdana;">was <span style="font-family:Verdana;">insufficient <span style="font-family:Verdana;">and criticize<span style="font-family:Verdana;">d<span style="font-family:Verdana;"> the teachers<span style="font-family:Verdana;">’<span style="font-family:Verdana;"> lack of openness. Their main sources of information were peers, siblings <span style="font-family:Verdana;">and<span style="font-family:Verdana;"> the internet. Mothers were an important source of information for girls, unlike fathers considered to be indifferent or even frightening. <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion<span style="font-family:Verdana;">: <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Adolescents’ and teachers’ knowledge <span style="font-family:Verdana;">are<span style="font-family:Verdana;"> weak;and their attitude<span style="font-family:Verdana;">s<span style="font-family:Verdana;"> unfavorable towards contraception. Misconceptions about contraception lead to the use of ineffective practices to prevent unwanted pregnancies. To improve knowledge, a teacher training program should be developed and the content of the FLEC improved<span style="font-family:Verdana;">, <span style="font-family:Verdana;">formalized and regulated.
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> This study examined the COVID-19-related knowledge, attitude and practices among undergraduate students in Uganda. <strong>Methods:</strong> An online cross-sectional survey was conducted from 12<sup>th</sup>-19<sup>th</sup> June 2020 among undergraduate students using a standard questionnaire designed using Google Forms sent via WhatsApp Messenger. The data were analyzed using SPSS. Pearson’s Chi-square test was used to test the differences and odds ratios with their 95% confidence intervals were used for quantifying the association between independent and dependent variables. p < 0.05 was considered significant. A cut-off score of ≥80% was used to denote sufficient knowledge, positive attitude, and good practices. <strong>Results:</strong> Of the 161 respondents, 102 (63.4%) were males with a mean age of 24.2 (5.0) years. The majority 121 (75.2%) were pursuing health-related programs and overall, 110 (68.3%) had sufficient knowledge while 76 (47.2%) had a positive attitude and good practice each. Knowledge and attitude were significantly associated with health-related programs (AOR 4.78, 95% CI 2.06 - 11.07;p < 0.001) and (AOR 3.18, 95% CI 1.33 - 7.62;p = 0.010) respectively. The practice was associated with the male gender (AOR 2.37, 95% CI 1.19 - 4.73;p = 0.014). The most commonly cited sources of COVID-19 information were news media 147 (91.3%), Ministry of Health 134 (83.2%), and social media 125 (77.6%). The ministry of health was considered the most trustworthy source 139 (86.3%) and social media the least 21 (13.0%). <strong>Conclusions:</strong> COVID-19-related knowledge, attitude and practices among undergraduates in Uganda were low overall. Therefore, concerted efforts to provide tailored health education and behaviour change communication are needed.
文摘Introduction: High blood pressure is a real public health problem affecting more than one in three adults. The objective of this study was to evaluate the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices of health care personnel in the management of hypertension in Conakry. Methods: Descriptive transversal study of 6 months, from April 20, 2018 to September 20, 2018, which took place in the internal medicine departments of the two university hospital centers (CHU) of Conakry (Donka and Ignace Deen). The study population consisted of general practitioners and specialists, practicing in both departments for at least two years and who agreed to submit to our questionnaire. Results: At the end of the study, we included 140 doctors, 61% at Donka University Hospital and 39% at Ignace Deen University Hospital. The predominance was male with 113 men for 27 women with a sex ratio H/F = 4.18. General practitioners were the most represented with 95% against 5% specialists. Sixty-four percent of physicians gave an exact definition of hypertension, 56% of physicians confirmed the diagnosis of hypertension after 2 to 3 consultations. 19% offered monotherapy as first-line treatment, only 72% said that the duration of Antihypertensive treatment was for life. Conclusion: Theseresults demonstrate that it is essential to reflect on our daily practices for a good improvement in the quality of care for patients.
文摘Objective: To evaluate the availability of emergency obstetric care (EmOC) in maternity hospitals in Parakou as well as the knowledge, attitudes and practices of EmOC providers in 2017. Material and method: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional analytical study conducted in the maternity wards of public and private health facilities in Parakou and the health care providers of the maternity wards. Epi Data software version 3.1, Epi Info version 7.2 and EXCEL 2007 were used for data processing. Results: A total of 17 maternity homes and 91 providers participated in the study. All 7 basic functions (BEmOC) were available in 23.53% of these maternities. Providers’ knowledge of EmOC was good at 6.59%, average at 15.38%, insufficient at 24.18% and bad at 53.85%. As for the attitudes, they were just in 3.30%, approximate in 36.26%, wrong in 26.37% and harmful in 34.07%. Regarding the practices of these providers, they were adequate in 6.59%, inadequate in 38.46% and harmful in 54.95%. The global knowledge, attitudes and practices (CAP) score is acceptable in the majority of providers (57.14%). It is poor in 38.46% and good in 4.40%. Conclusion: In Parakou, the availability of emergency obstetric care (EmOC) contrasts with the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices of providers who require training in EmOC.
