The Mailong gold deposit is located in the eastern section of the East Kunlun orogenic belt and is one of the recently discovered important gold polymetallic deposits in the Qinhai Gouli region.The primary host rocks ...The Mailong gold deposit is located in the eastern section of the East Kunlun orogenic belt and is one of the recently discovered important gold polymetallic deposits in the Qinhai Gouli region.The primary host rocks of the Mailong gold deposit consist of intermediate-acid intrusive rocks from the Varisian and Indosinian periods,as well as the Precambrian Jinshuikou Group,with mineralization controlled by northeast and northwest faults.The alteration of the host rocks is mainly characterized by silicification,sericitization,chloritization,and carbonatization.Based on the cross-cutting relationships of the veins,the hydrothermal mineralization of the gold deposit can be categorized into three stages:the quartz-pyrite stage,the quartzpolymetallic sulfide stage,and the quartz-carbonate stage.Microthermometry of fluid inclusions indicates that the Mailong gold deposit belongs to a low-density(0.73–0.86 g/cm3),medium-temperature(240–340℃),and medium-salinity(4.01–10.74 wt%NaCl)NaCl-CO2-H2O fluid system.The C-H-O isotopic analysis suggests that the mineralizing fluids is derived from magmatic water,with later contributions from atmospheric precipitation.In-situ S isotopic results indicate that the mineralizing materials mainly derive from igneous rocks.A comprehensive analysis concludes that the Mailong gold deposit is a mesothermal hydrothermal vein-type gold deposit controlled by structural factors.展开更多
Rational design of nanozymes with enhanced catalytic efficiency remains a central challenge in the development of artificial enzymes.Herein,we report the construction of ultrasmall gold nanoclusterbased nanoassemblies...Rational design of nanozymes with enhanced catalytic efficiency remains a central challenge in the development of artificial enzymes.Herein,we report the construction of ultrasmall gold nanoclusterbased nanoassemblies(Dp-Au NCs@Fe^(2+)) through the coordination of Fe^(2+) ions by a dopa-containing peptidomimetic ligand(Dp CDp).This nanoarchitecture simultaneously integrates catalytically active gold cores and redox-active Fe^(2+)centers,bridged by Dp CDp to facilitate directional electron transfer.Comprehensive spectroscopic and kinetic analyses reveal that Dp CDp promotes efficient charge migration from the Au core to surface-bound Fe^(2+),significantly enhancing H_(2)O_(2)-mediated peroxidase-like activity.Compared to bare Dp-Au NCs,Dp-Au NCs@Fe^(2+) display a 4.3-fold improvement in detection sensitivity,a 6.7-fold increase in catalytic efficiency,and markedly stronger hydroxyl radical generation.Mechanistically,this activity stems from a synergistic triad:direct H_(2)O_(2) oxidation at gold surfaces,radical generation at Fe^(2+) sites,and Dp CDp-facilitated electron shuttling.This work presents a robust strategy for nanozyme enhancement via electronic and structural co-engineering,offering valuable insights for the future design of bioinspired catalytic systems.展开更多
The recovery of gold from waste electronic and electric equipment(WEEE) has gained great attention with the increased number of WEEE,because it can largely alleviate the pressure on the environment and resources.Coval...The recovery of gold from waste electronic and electric equipment(WEEE) has gained great attention with the increased number of WEEE,because it can largely alleviate the pressure on the environment and resources.Covalent organic frameworks(COFs) are ideal adsorbents for gold recovery owing to their large surface area,good stability,easily functionalized ability,periodic structures,and definitive nanopores.Herein,a cyano-functionalized COF(COF-CN) with high crystallinity was large-scale prepared under mild conditions for the recovery of gold.The introduction of cyano groups enable COF-CN to exhibit excellent gold recovery performance,which possesses fast adsorption kinetics,high cycling stability,and adsorption capacity up to 663.67 mg/g.Excitingly,COF-CN showed extremely high selectivity for gold ions,even in the presence of various competing cations and anions.The COF-CN maintained excellent selectivity and removal efficiency in gold recovery experiments from WEEE.The facile synthesis of COF-CN and its outstanding selectivity in actual samples make it an attractive opportunity for practical gold recovery.展开更多
The field of nanomedicine has been revolutionized by the concept of immunogenic cell death(ICD)-enhanced cancer therapy,which holds immense promise for the efficient treatment of cancer.However,precise delivery of ICD...The field of nanomedicine has been revolutionized by the concept of immunogenic cell death(ICD)-enhanced cancer therapy,which holds immense promise for the efficient treatment of cancer.However,precise delivery of ICD inducer is severely hindered by complex biological barriers.How to design and build intelligent nanoplatform for adaptive and dynamic cancer therapy remains a big challenge.Herein,this article presents the design and preparation of CD44-targeting and ZIF-8 gated gold nanocage(Au@ZH) for programmed delivery of the 1,2-diaminocyclohexane-Pt(Ⅱ)(DACHPt) as ICD inducer.After actively targeting the CD44 on the surface of 4T1 tumor cell,this Pt-Au@ZH can be effectively endocytosed by the 4T1 cell and release the DACHPt in tumor acidic environment,resulting in ICD effect and superior antitumor efficacy both in vitro and in vivo in the presence of mild 808 nm laser irradiation.By integration of internal and external stimuli intelligently,this programmed nanoplatform is poised to become a cornerstone in the pursuit of effective and targeted cancer therapy in the foreseeable future.展开更多
Microwave roasting self-leaching is an innovative method for recovering gold from high-sulfur refractory gold concentrates,without using deadly toxic cyanide reagents.However,the mechanism of gold self-leaching,which ...Microwave roasting self-leaching is an innovative method for recovering gold from high-sulfur refractory gold concentrates,without using deadly toxic cyanide reagents.However,the mechanism of gold self-leaching,which relies on lixiviants prepared using volatilized sulfur obtained from roasting,has not been fully elucidated.This study employs the response surface methodology to optimize processing parameters,resulting in an increased gold extraction rate of 96.18%.Analytical factorization and the Tafel curve indicate that CuSO_(4) and NH_(3)·H_(2)O significantly influence the self-leaching process.Furthermore,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)analysis reveals that S^(2−),S_(2)^(2−),polysulfides(S_(n)^(2−)),and thiosulfate(S_(2)O_(3)^(2−))are involved in the gold leaching reaction,with S^(2−),S_(2)^(2−),and S_(n)^(2−) serving as primary ligands for gold complexation.The role of S_(2)O_(3)^(2−) in the early stages of the gold-leaching reaction is also noteworthy.The copper–ammonia complex catalyzes the self-leaching gold reaction;however,an improper addition ratio can lead to copper-sulfur compound precipitates,reducing the extraction rate.展开更多
Highlights By conjugating the same anti-N monoclonal antibody(mAb4-mAb1)with colloidal gold or fluorescent microspheres,this study developed two rapid point-of-care antigen immunochromatographic strips for the detecti...Highlights By conjugating the same anti-N monoclonal antibody(mAb4-mAb1)with colloidal gold or fluorescent microspheres,this study developed two rapid point-of-care antigen immunochromatographic strips for the detection of porcine deltacoronavirus.The fluorescent microsphere-based lateral flow test strip demonstrated a sensitivity of 10^(1.7)TCID_(50)/0.1 mL,which is fourfold higher than that of the colloidal gold-based assay.Porcine deltacoronavirus(PDCoV)is a recently identified enteric coronavirus that causes an acute infectious disease in piglets,leading to diarrhea,vomiting,dehydration,and mortality(Hu et al.2015).展开更多
Gold ores in the Jiaozhou region of China are characterized by their abundant reserves,low grade,fine dissemination,and chal-lenges in upgrading.Froth flotation,with xanthate as the collector,is a commonly employed me...Gold ores in the Jiaozhou region of China are characterized by their abundant reserves,low grade,fine dissemination,and chal-lenges in upgrading.Froth flotation,with xanthate as the collector,is a commonly employed method for enriching auriferous pyrite from these ores.This study aimed to develop a more efficient flotation process by utilizing cavitation nanobubbles for a low-grade gold ore.Batch flotation tests demonstrated that nanobubbles significantly enhanced the flotation performance of auriferous pyrite,as evidenced by improved concentrate S and Au grades and their recoveries.The mechanisms underlying this enhancement were explored by investigat-ing surface nanobubble(SNB)formation,bulk nanobubble(BNB)attachment to hydrophobic pyrite surfaces,and nanobubble-induced agglomeration using atomic force microscopy(AFM)and focused beam reflectance measurement(FBRM).The results revealed that nan-obubble coverage on the pyrite surface is a critical factor influencing surface hydrophobicity and agglomeration.SNBs exhibited higher coverage on pyrite surfaces with increased surface hydrophobicity,flow rate,and cavitation time.Similarly,BNB attachment on pyrite surfaces was significantly increased with surface hydrophobicity and cavitation time.Enhanced surface hydrophobicity,along with higher flow rates and cavitation times,promoted pyrite particle agglomeration owing to the increased nanobubble coverage,ultimately leading to improved flotation performance.展开更多
One of the major challenges in the application of microbially induced carbonate precipitation(MICP)is achieving"bacteria freedom",as it necessitates a substantial volume of bacterial solutions.Nevertheless,b...One of the major challenges in the application of microbially induced carbonate precipitation(MICP)is achieving"bacteria freedom",as it necessitates a substantial volume of bacterial solutions.Nevertheless,both insitu bacterial cultivation and transportation of bacterial solutions have proven to be inefficient.In this study,we suggested the utilization of bacteria in the form of dry powder,enabling easy on-site activation and achieving a relatively high urease activity.We conducted MICP curing experiments on gold mine tailings(GMT)using steel slag(SS)as an additive.The results showed that the average unconfined compressive strength(UCS)values of the tailings treated with MICP and MICP+SS reached 0.51 and 0.71 MPa,respectively.In addition,the average leaching reduction rates of Cu,Pb,Cr,Zn,and T-CN in GMT after MICP treatment reached 98.54%,100%,70.94%,59.25%,and 98.02%,respectively,and the average reduction rates after MICP+SS treatment reached 98.77%,100%,88.03%,72.59%,and 98.63%,respectively.SEM,XRD,FT-IR analyses,and ultra-deep field microscopy results confirmed that the MICP treatment produced calcite-based calcium carbonate that filled the inter-tailing pores and cemented them together,and the hydration mechanism was the main reason for the increased curing efficiency of SS.Our research findings demonstrate that bacterial powder can efficiently achieve the objectives of heavy metal removal and tailing solidification.This approach can substantially de-crease the expenses associated with bacterial cultivation and solution transportation,thereby playing a crucial role in advancing the practical implementation of MICP.展开更多
A new gold self-relay catalytic annulation/nucleophilic substitution cascade of 1,3-enyne acetates with cyclic ether acetals is reported,enabling highly diastereoselective access to cyclic etherified cyclopentenones w...A new gold self-relay catalytic annulation/nucleophilic substitution cascade of 1,3-enyne acetates with cyclic ether acetals is reported,enabling highly diastereoselective access to cyclic etherified cyclopentenones with cyclic quaternary centers in moderate to good yields and>19∶1 dr.This catalysis enables the direct construction of two types of carboncyclic skeletons by adjusting the olefin types of 1,3-enyne acetates.When 1,3-enyne acetates bearing a cyclic alkene unit were used,5~6 fused bicarbocyclic products were diastereoselectively synthesized,whereas the reaction of acyclic 1,3-enyne acetates resulted in five-memebered carbocyclic framework.Notably,cyclic ether acetals are commonly used as protecting groups in traditional multistep organic syntheses,and in this reaction,such reagents serve as electrophilic cyclic ether precursors,achieving new uses for old reagents.The current method demonstrates good functional group compatibility,a broad substrate scope and high diastereoselectivity,providing a new synthetic strategy toward functionalized cyclopentenones.展开更多
The world-class Jiaodong gold province in the North China Craton hosts over 5000 t of Au resource and is characterized by abundant visible gold mineralization.However,the critical processes controlling the formation o...The world-class Jiaodong gold province in the North China Craton hosts over 5000 t of Au resource and is characterized by abundant visible gold mineralization.However,the critical processes controlling the formation of visible gold in this province remain poorly understood.To solve this problem,integrated microtextural,trace elemental,and sulfur isotopic analyses of pyrite from the high-grade Linglong gold deposit in the Jiaodong gold province were conducted in this study.Two distinct pyrite types were identified within auriferous quartz-sulfide veins:(1)Py1 aggregates in quartz-pyrite veins(hydrothermal stageⅡ),and(2)euhedral to subhedral,coarse-grained Py2 crystals in quartz-polymetallic sulfide veins(hydrothermal stageⅢ).Microtextural and elemental analyses revealed that visible gold predominantly occurs as intergranular particles between primary pyrite crystals within Py1 aggregates.The Py1 exhibits complex microtextures with abundant mineral inclusions of polymetallic sulfides and has low concentrations of Au(median:0.032 ppm)with a narrowδ^(34)S range(4.86‰-6.75‰),indicative of rapid crystallization under unstable,disequilibrium conditions.By contrast,the Py2 is texturally homogeneous and contains higher Au concentrations(median:0.304 ppm)with progressively increasingδ^(34)S values(5.25‰-10.14‰)over time,suggesting slow crystal growth under more stable,near-equilibrium conditions.Based on the microtextural and geochemical information,it is proposed that fluid boiling occurred only during the hydrothermal stage Ⅱ,which resulted in the unstable physicochemical environment and rapid deposition of gold.During the boiling processes,gold colloids likely occurred and promoted the formation of visible gold.展开更多
The Linglong gold ore field is situated in the northwestern region of the Jiaodong gold province,China,with over 1000 tons of gold resources.Although the metallogenic mechanism and fluid sources of the Linglong gold d...The Linglong gold ore field is situated in the northwestern region of the Jiaodong gold province,China,with over 1000 tons of gold resources.Although the metallogenic mechanism and fluid sources of the Linglong gold deposit have been the subject of extensive discussion and analyzed by numerous scholars,a definitive conclusion remains elusive.The Jiuqu Au deposit is a significant metallogenic area in the eastern part of the Linglong gold ore field,characterized as a quartz vein-type gold deposit.Gold mineralization in the Jiuqu gold deposit is classified into four stages,primarily occurring within the Late Jurassic Linglong granite and Early Cretaceous Guojialing granodiorite.Pyrite,the primary gold-bearing mineral at the Jiuqu Gold Mine,has been present throughout the metallogenic period,is rich in a variety of trace elements and is closely related to the formation of gold ore.This study focused on evaluating pyrite from the essential metallogenic stages(Stages Ⅰ-Ⅲ)of the Jiuqu gold deposit using scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron microprobe analysis(EMPA),laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LA-ICP-MS) and laser ablation multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LA-MC-ICP-MS) sulfur isotope analysis and detection.The work aimed to reconstruct the origin of metallogenic materials and the evolution of ore-forming fluids and to restrict the genesis of the deposit.Pyrite exhibits discernible alterations in both shape and crystal structure as it progresses through its ore-forming stages.The aforementioned stages can be delineated as follows:type 1 pyrite(PyⅠ),developed in the initial ore stage,is characterized by coarse-to-medium-grained euhedral pyrite in Stage Ⅰ;type 2 pyrite(PyⅡ),developed in the second ore stage,appears during the middle stage of mineralization and is characterized by subhedral or anhedral pyrite;type 3 pyrite(PyⅢ),developed in the third ore stage,primarily occurred in the late-middle stages of mineralization.It is fragmented and coexists with various metal sulfides,including chalcopyrite,sphalerite and galena.The in situ major and elemental compositions of pyrites at Jiuqu indicate that Au,in the form of visible gold,exists in pyrites with low Au and Ag contents throughout all stages.PyⅠ had lower Pb,Bi,Co and Ni contents than those of PyⅡ.PyⅢ displayed decreased Pb,Bi,Co and Ni levels compared with PyⅡ.The δ34S values of the PyⅠ,PyⅡ and PyⅢ pyrite stages ranged from 7.19% to 8.71%,6.24% to 7.68% and 7.66% to 8.07%,respectively.According to the structural and geochemical analysis of pyrite,the ore-forming fluid of the Jiuqu gold deposit was derived from a magmatic-hydrothermal formation created by enriched lithospheric mantle-derived magma,mixing S from Precambrian metamorphic rocks.Previous studies on the H-O isotopes of quartz in the region's ores have indicated the presence of primary magma water.Additionally,studies concerning the C-O isotopes of carbonate minerals in ores have suggested that C may have originated from the mantle.Fluid migration and water-rock interaction resulted in sulfide and gold precipitation.In the Late Meosozoic,lithospheric thinning of eastern North China Craton led to up welling of astheno spheric mantle and partial melting of lithospheric mantle in the Jiaodong area.Under tectonic changes,magmatic-hydro thermal fluid migrated upward along fault structures to form a gold province.展开更多
Cyanide is the most widely used reagent in gold production processes. However, cyanide is highly toxic and poses safety haz-ards during transportation and use. Therefore, it is necessary to develop gold leaching reage...Cyanide is the most widely used reagent in gold production processes. However, cyanide is highly toxic and poses safety haz-ards during transportation and use. Therefore, it is necessary to develop gold leaching reagents that can replace cyanide. This paper intro-duces a method for synthesizing a gold leaching reagent. Sodium cyanate is used as the main raw material, with sodium hydroxide and so-dium ferrocyanide used as additives. The gold leaching reagent can be obtained under the conditions of a mass ratio of sodium cyanate,sodium hydroxide, and sodium ferrocyanide of 15:3:1, synthesis temperature of 600℃, and synthesis time of 1 h. This reagent has a goodrecovery effect on gold concentrate and gold-containing electronic waste. The gold leaching rate of roasted desulfurized gold concentratecan reach 87.56%. For the extraction experiments of three types of gold-containing electronic waste, the gold leaching rate can reach over90% after 2 h. Furthermore, the reagent exhibits good selectivity towards gold. Component analysis indicates that the effective compon-ent in the reagent could be sodium isocyanate.展开更多
Based on the properties of antimony(Sb)and arsenic(As),a method was proposed to enhance gold recovery during iron matte smelting.The impact of Sb and As on gold enhancement capture was investigated using an exclusion ...Based on the properties of antimony(Sb)and arsenic(As),a method was proposed to enhance gold recovery during iron matte smelting.The impact of Sb and As on gold enhancement capture was investigated using an exclusion method.The results demonstrated that both Sb and As significantly improved the gold recovery rate.As the Sb or As content increased,the gold recovery rate increased.The enhancement effect of Sb was better than that of As,and the optimal results were achieved through the synergistic effects of Sb and As.Under optimized conditions,the gold recovery rate reached 97.12%,whereas the gold content in the slag decreased to 1.70 g/t.Sb captured and aggregated free gold as an Au-Sb alloy,whereas As-Fe alloy also captured free gold.The growth of the gold-captured phase size enhanced the settling velocity,thereby promoting gold recovery.展开更多
In the Fatira(Abu Zawal)mine area,located in the northern Eastern Desert of Egypt,fieldwork and mineralogical analysis,integrated with machine learning techniques applied to Landsat-8 OLI,ASTER,and Sentinel-2 multi-sp...In the Fatira(Abu Zawal)mine area,located in the northern Eastern Desert of Egypt,fieldwork and mineralogical analysis,integrated with machine learning techniques applied to Landsat-8 OLI,ASTER,and Sentinel-2 multi-spectral imagery(MSI)data delineate gold-sulfide mineralization in altered rocks.Gold(Au)anomalies in hydrothermal breccias and quartz veins are associated with NE-oriented felsite dykes and silicified granitic rocks.Two main alteration types are identified:a pyrite-sericite-quartz and a sulfide-chlorite-carbonate assemblage,locally with dispersed free-milling Au specks.Dimensionality reduction techniques,including principal component analysis(PCA)and independent component analysis(ICA),enabled mapping of alteration types.Sentinel-2 PC125 composite images offered efficient lithological differentiation,while supervised classifications,i.e.,the support vector machine(SVM)of Landsat-8 yielded an accuracy of 88.55%and a Kappa value of 0.86.ASTER mineral indices contributed to map hydrothermal alteration mineral phases,including sericite,muscovite,kaolinite,and iron oxides.Results indicate that post-magmatic epigenetic hydrothermal activity significantly contributed to the Au-sulfide mineralization in the Fatira area,distinguishing it from the more prevalent orogenic gold deposits in the region.展开更多
基金Supported by Qinghai Provincial Geological Exploration Special Fund Project(No.2023085029KY004).
文摘The Mailong gold deposit is located in the eastern section of the East Kunlun orogenic belt and is one of the recently discovered important gold polymetallic deposits in the Qinhai Gouli region.The primary host rocks of the Mailong gold deposit consist of intermediate-acid intrusive rocks from the Varisian and Indosinian periods,as well as the Precambrian Jinshuikou Group,with mineralization controlled by northeast and northwest faults.The alteration of the host rocks is mainly characterized by silicification,sericitization,chloritization,and carbonatization.Based on the cross-cutting relationships of the veins,the hydrothermal mineralization of the gold deposit can be categorized into three stages:the quartz-pyrite stage,the quartzpolymetallic sulfide stage,and the quartz-carbonate stage.Microthermometry of fluid inclusions indicates that the Mailong gold deposit belongs to a low-density(0.73–0.86 g/cm3),medium-temperature(240–340℃),and medium-salinity(4.01–10.74 wt%NaCl)NaCl-CO2-H2O fluid system.The C-H-O isotopic analysis suggests that the mineralizing fluids is derived from magmatic water,with later contributions from atmospheric precipitation.In-situ S isotopic results indicate that the mineralizing materials mainly derive from igneous rocks.A comprehensive analysis concludes that the Mailong gold deposit is a mesothermal hydrothermal vein-type gold deposit controlled by structural factors.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.22177133,22278438)。
文摘Rational design of nanozymes with enhanced catalytic efficiency remains a central challenge in the development of artificial enzymes.Herein,we report the construction of ultrasmall gold nanoclusterbased nanoassemblies(Dp-Au NCs@Fe^(2+)) through the coordination of Fe^(2+) ions by a dopa-containing peptidomimetic ligand(Dp CDp).This nanoarchitecture simultaneously integrates catalytically active gold cores and redox-active Fe^(2+)centers,bridged by Dp CDp to facilitate directional electron transfer.Comprehensive spectroscopic and kinetic analyses reveal that Dp CDp promotes efficient charge migration from the Au core to surface-bound Fe^(2+),significantly enhancing H_(2)O_(2)-mediated peroxidase-like activity.Compared to bare Dp-Au NCs,Dp-Au NCs@Fe^(2+) display a 4.3-fold improvement in detection sensitivity,a 6.7-fold increase in catalytic efficiency,and markedly stronger hydroxyl radical generation.Mechanistically,this activity stems from a synergistic triad:direct H_(2)O_(2) oxidation at gold surfaces,radical generation at Fe^(2+) sites,and Dp CDp-facilitated electron shuttling.This work presents a robust strategy for nanozyme enhancement via electronic and structural co-engineering,offering valuable insights for the future design of bioinspired catalytic systems.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51972302)。
文摘The recovery of gold from waste electronic and electric equipment(WEEE) has gained great attention with the increased number of WEEE,because it can largely alleviate the pressure on the environment and resources.Covalent organic frameworks(COFs) are ideal adsorbents for gold recovery owing to their large surface area,good stability,easily functionalized ability,periodic structures,and definitive nanopores.Herein,a cyano-functionalized COF(COF-CN) with high crystallinity was large-scale prepared under mild conditions for the recovery of gold.The introduction of cyano groups enable COF-CN to exhibit excellent gold recovery performance,which possesses fast adsorption kinetics,high cycling stability,and adsorption capacity up to 663.67 mg/g.Excitingly,COF-CN showed extremely high selectivity for gold ions,even in the presence of various competing cations and anions.The COF-CN maintained excellent selectivity and removal efficiency in gold recovery experiments from WEEE.The facile synthesis of COF-CN and its outstanding selectivity in actual samples make it an attractive opportunity for practical gold recovery.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No.BK20200709)the Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.62288102,32201127 and 82270113)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No.2023A1515011386)the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutes (No.20KJB430031)the startup fund from Nanjing Tech University,and Disciplinary Fund of School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2024)。
文摘The field of nanomedicine has been revolutionized by the concept of immunogenic cell death(ICD)-enhanced cancer therapy,which holds immense promise for the efficient treatment of cancer.However,precise delivery of ICD inducer is severely hindered by complex biological barriers.How to design and build intelligent nanoplatform for adaptive and dynamic cancer therapy remains a big challenge.Herein,this article presents the design and preparation of CD44-targeting and ZIF-8 gated gold nanocage(Au@ZH) for programmed delivery of the 1,2-diaminocyclohexane-Pt(Ⅱ)(DACHPt) as ICD inducer.After actively targeting the CD44 on the surface of 4T1 tumor cell,this Pt-Au@ZH can be effectively endocytosed by the 4T1 cell and release the DACHPt in tumor acidic environment,resulting in ICD effect and superior antitumor efficacy both in vitro and in vivo in the presence of mild 808 nm laser irradiation.By integration of internal and external stimuli intelligently,this programmed nanoplatform is poised to become a cornerstone in the pursuit of effective and targeted cancer therapy in the foreseeable future.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51974016).
文摘Microwave roasting self-leaching is an innovative method for recovering gold from high-sulfur refractory gold concentrates,without using deadly toxic cyanide reagents.However,the mechanism of gold self-leaching,which relies on lixiviants prepared using volatilized sulfur obtained from roasting,has not been fully elucidated.This study employs the response surface methodology to optimize processing parameters,resulting in an increased gold extraction rate of 96.18%.Analytical factorization and the Tafel curve indicate that CuSO_(4) and NH_(3)·H_(2)O significantly influence the self-leaching process.Furthermore,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)analysis reveals that S^(2−),S_(2)^(2−),polysulfides(S_(n)^(2−)),and thiosulfate(S_(2)O_(3)^(2−))are involved in the gold leaching reaction,with S^(2−),S_(2)^(2−),and S_(n)^(2−) serving as primary ligands for gold complexation.The role of S_(2)O_(3)^(2−) in the early stages of the gold-leaching reaction is also noteworthy.The copper–ammonia complex catalyzes the self-leaching gold reaction;however,an improper addition ratio can lead to copper-sulfur compound precipitates,reducing the extraction rate.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF0703600)。
文摘Highlights By conjugating the same anti-N monoclonal antibody(mAb4-mAb1)with colloidal gold or fluorescent microspheres,this study developed two rapid point-of-care antigen immunochromatographic strips for the detection of porcine deltacoronavirus.The fluorescent microsphere-based lateral flow test strip demonstrated a sensitivity of 10^(1.7)TCID_(50)/0.1 mL,which is fourfold higher than that of the colloidal gold-based assay.Porcine deltacoronavirus(PDCoV)is a recently identified enteric coronavirus that causes an acute infectious disease in piglets,leading to diarrhea,vomiting,dehydration,and mortality(Hu et al.2015).
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52204274)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(No.ZR2021QE122)+1 种基金Shandong Provincial Department of Science and Technology Key Project,China(No.2023TZXD021)Shandong Provincial Department of Science and Technology,China(No.ZTYJY-KY-2033-11).
文摘Gold ores in the Jiaozhou region of China are characterized by their abundant reserves,low grade,fine dissemination,and chal-lenges in upgrading.Froth flotation,with xanthate as the collector,is a commonly employed method for enriching auriferous pyrite from these ores.This study aimed to develop a more efficient flotation process by utilizing cavitation nanobubbles for a low-grade gold ore.Batch flotation tests demonstrated that nanobubbles significantly enhanced the flotation performance of auriferous pyrite,as evidenced by improved concentrate S and Au grades and their recoveries.The mechanisms underlying this enhancement were explored by investigat-ing surface nanobubble(SNB)formation,bulk nanobubble(BNB)attachment to hydrophobic pyrite surfaces,and nanobubble-induced agglomeration using atomic force microscopy(AFM)and focused beam reflectance measurement(FBRM).The results revealed that nan-obubble coverage on the pyrite surface is a critical factor influencing surface hydrophobicity and agglomeration.SNBs exhibited higher coverage on pyrite surfaces with increased surface hydrophobicity,flow rate,and cavitation time.Similarly,BNB attachment on pyrite surfaces was significantly increased with surface hydrophobicity and cavitation time.Enhanced surface hydrophobicity,along with higher flow rates and cavitation times,promoted pyrite particle agglomeration owing to the increased nanobubble coverage,ultimately leading to improved flotation performance.
基金supported by the Ordos City Science and Technology Major Project(2021ZD14-16)the National Key Research and Development Program(2018YFC1802904)the Discipline Signature Achievements of the Shanghai Polytechnic University(A10GY23G004-14).
文摘One of the major challenges in the application of microbially induced carbonate precipitation(MICP)is achieving"bacteria freedom",as it necessitates a substantial volume of bacterial solutions.Nevertheless,both insitu bacterial cultivation and transportation of bacterial solutions have proven to be inefficient.In this study,we suggested the utilization of bacteria in the form of dry powder,enabling easy on-site activation and achieving a relatively high urease activity.We conducted MICP curing experiments on gold mine tailings(GMT)using steel slag(SS)as an additive.The results showed that the average unconfined compressive strength(UCS)values of the tailings treated with MICP and MICP+SS reached 0.51 and 0.71 MPa,respectively.In addition,the average leaching reduction rates of Cu,Pb,Cr,Zn,and T-CN in GMT after MICP treatment reached 98.54%,100%,70.94%,59.25%,and 98.02%,respectively,and the average reduction rates after MICP+SS treatment reached 98.77%,100%,88.03%,72.59%,and 98.63%,respectively.SEM,XRD,FT-IR analyses,and ultra-deep field microscopy results confirmed that the MICP treatment produced calcite-based calcium carbonate that filled the inter-tailing pores and cemented them together,and the hydration mechanism was the main reason for the increased curing efficiency of SS.Our research findings demonstrate that bacterial powder can efficiently achieve the objectives of heavy metal removal and tailing solidification.This approach can substantially de-crease the expenses associated with bacterial cultivation and solution transportation,thereby playing a crucial role in advancing the practical implementation of MICP.
文摘A new gold self-relay catalytic annulation/nucleophilic substitution cascade of 1,3-enyne acetates with cyclic ether acetals is reported,enabling highly diastereoselective access to cyclic etherified cyclopentenones with cyclic quaternary centers in moderate to good yields and>19∶1 dr.This catalysis enables the direct construction of two types of carboncyclic skeletons by adjusting the olefin types of 1,3-enyne acetates.When 1,3-enyne acetates bearing a cyclic alkene unit were used,5~6 fused bicarbocyclic products were diastereoselectively synthesized,whereas the reaction of acyclic 1,3-enyne acetates resulted in five-memebered carbocyclic framework.Notably,cyclic ether acetals are commonly used as protecting groups in traditional multistep organic syntheses,and in this reaction,such reagents serve as electrophilic cyclic ether precursors,achieving new uses for old reagents.The current method demonstrates good functional group compatibility,a broad substrate scope and high diastereoselectivity,providing a new synthetic strategy toward functionalized cyclopentenones.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42302106 and 42102089)National Foundation for Guiding Local Science and Technology Development(Guizhou[2024]043)Innovation and Development Fund of Science and Technology of Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.2025-1).
文摘The world-class Jiaodong gold province in the North China Craton hosts over 5000 t of Au resource and is characterized by abundant visible gold mineralization.However,the critical processes controlling the formation of visible gold in this province remain poorly understood.To solve this problem,integrated microtextural,trace elemental,and sulfur isotopic analyses of pyrite from the high-grade Linglong gold deposit in the Jiaodong gold province were conducted in this study.Two distinct pyrite types were identified within auriferous quartz-sulfide veins:(1)Py1 aggregates in quartz-pyrite veins(hydrothermal stageⅡ),and(2)euhedral to subhedral,coarse-grained Py2 crystals in quartz-polymetallic sulfide veins(hydrothermal stageⅢ).Microtextural and elemental analyses revealed that visible gold predominantly occurs as intergranular particles between primary pyrite crystals within Py1 aggregates.The Py1 exhibits complex microtextures with abundant mineral inclusions of polymetallic sulfides and has low concentrations of Au(median:0.032 ppm)with a narrowδ^(34)S range(4.86‰-6.75‰),indicative of rapid crystallization under unstable,disequilibrium conditions.By contrast,the Py2 is texturally homogeneous and contains higher Au concentrations(median:0.304 ppm)with progressively increasingδ^(34)S values(5.25‰-10.14‰)over time,suggesting slow crystal growth under more stable,near-equilibrium conditions.Based on the microtextural and geochemical information,it is proposed that fluid boiling occurred only during the hydrothermal stage Ⅱ,which resulted in the unstable physicochemical environment and rapid deposition of gold.During the boiling processes,gold colloids likely occurred and promoted the formation of visible gold.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42273063)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship(YESS)Program of the China Association for Science and Technology(YESS20220661)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities(FRF-IDRY-23-004)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(ZR2022QD050).
文摘The Linglong gold ore field is situated in the northwestern region of the Jiaodong gold province,China,with over 1000 tons of gold resources.Although the metallogenic mechanism and fluid sources of the Linglong gold deposit have been the subject of extensive discussion and analyzed by numerous scholars,a definitive conclusion remains elusive.The Jiuqu Au deposit is a significant metallogenic area in the eastern part of the Linglong gold ore field,characterized as a quartz vein-type gold deposit.Gold mineralization in the Jiuqu gold deposit is classified into four stages,primarily occurring within the Late Jurassic Linglong granite and Early Cretaceous Guojialing granodiorite.Pyrite,the primary gold-bearing mineral at the Jiuqu Gold Mine,has been present throughout the metallogenic period,is rich in a variety of trace elements and is closely related to the formation of gold ore.This study focused on evaluating pyrite from the essential metallogenic stages(Stages Ⅰ-Ⅲ)of the Jiuqu gold deposit using scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron microprobe analysis(EMPA),laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LA-ICP-MS) and laser ablation multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LA-MC-ICP-MS) sulfur isotope analysis and detection.The work aimed to reconstruct the origin of metallogenic materials and the evolution of ore-forming fluids and to restrict the genesis of the deposit.Pyrite exhibits discernible alterations in both shape and crystal structure as it progresses through its ore-forming stages.The aforementioned stages can be delineated as follows:type 1 pyrite(PyⅠ),developed in the initial ore stage,is characterized by coarse-to-medium-grained euhedral pyrite in Stage Ⅰ;type 2 pyrite(PyⅡ),developed in the second ore stage,appears during the middle stage of mineralization and is characterized by subhedral or anhedral pyrite;type 3 pyrite(PyⅢ),developed in the third ore stage,primarily occurred in the late-middle stages of mineralization.It is fragmented and coexists with various metal sulfides,including chalcopyrite,sphalerite and galena.The in situ major and elemental compositions of pyrites at Jiuqu indicate that Au,in the form of visible gold,exists in pyrites with low Au and Ag contents throughout all stages.PyⅠ had lower Pb,Bi,Co and Ni contents than those of PyⅡ.PyⅢ displayed decreased Pb,Bi,Co and Ni levels compared with PyⅡ.The δ34S values of the PyⅠ,PyⅡ and PyⅢ pyrite stages ranged from 7.19% to 8.71%,6.24% to 7.68% and 7.66% to 8.07%,respectively.According to the structural and geochemical analysis of pyrite,the ore-forming fluid of the Jiuqu gold deposit was derived from a magmatic-hydrothermal formation created by enriched lithospheric mantle-derived magma,mixing S from Precambrian metamorphic rocks.Previous studies on the H-O isotopes of quartz in the region's ores have indicated the presence of primary magma water.Additionally,studies concerning the C-O isotopes of carbonate minerals in ores have suggested that C may have originated from the mantle.Fluid migration and water-rock interaction resulted in sulfide and gold precipitation.In the Late Meosozoic,lithospheric thinning of eastern North China Craton led to up welling of astheno spheric mantle and partial melting of lithospheric mantle in the Jiaodong area.Under tectonic changes,magmatic-hydro thermal fluid migrated upward along fault structures to form a gold province.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51974016)。
文摘Cyanide is the most widely used reagent in gold production processes. However, cyanide is highly toxic and poses safety haz-ards during transportation and use. Therefore, it is necessary to develop gold leaching reagents that can replace cyanide. This paper intro-duces a method for synthesizing a gold leaching reagent. Sodium cyanate is used as the main raw material, with sodium hydroxide and so-dium ferrocyanide used as additives. The gold leaching reagent can be obtained under the conditions of a mass ratio of sodium cyanate,sodium hydroxide, and sodium ferrocyanide of 15:3:1, synthesis temperature of 600℃, and synthesis time of 1 h. This reagent has a goodrecovery effect on gold concentrate and gold-containing electronic waste. The gold leaching rate of roasted desulfurized gold concentratecan reach 87.56%. For the extraction experiments of three types of gold-containing electronic waste, the gold leaching rate can reach over90% after 2 h. Furthermore, the reagent exhibits good selectivity towards gold. Component analysis indicates that the effective compon-ent in the reagent could be sodium isocyanate.
基金financially supported from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52274358)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(No.2020JJ4718)+2 种基金the Major Science and Technology Projects of Gansu Province,China(No.22ZD6GC017)the Young Scientists Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51404296)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFC1901604).
文摘Based on the properties of antimony(Sb)and arsenic(As),a method was proposed to enhance gold recovery during iron matte smelting.The impact of Sb and As on gold enhancement capture was investigated using an exclusion method.The results demonstrated that both Sb and As significantly improved the gold recovery rate.As the Sb or As content increased,the gold recovery rate increased.The enhancement effect of Sb was better than that of As,and the optimal results were achieved through the synergistic effects of Sb and As.Under optimized conditions,the gold recovery rate reached 97.12%,whereas the gold content in the slag decreased to 1.70 g/t.Sb captured and aggregated free gold as an Au-Sb alloy,whereas As-Fe alloy also captured free gold.The growth of the gold-captured phase size enhanced the settling velocity,thereby promoting gold recovery.
基金the National Science Foundation of China (Grant No. NSFC: 92162213)the Geology Department Faculty of Science of Al-Azhar University (Assiut Branch)+2 种基金the China Scholarship CouncilChang'an UniversityIstanbul Technical University's Scientific Research Project (BAP Project ID: 45396, code: FHD-2024-45396)
文摘In the Fatira(Abu Zawal)mine area,located in the northern Eastern Desert of Egypt,fieldwork and mineralogical analysis,integrated with machine learning techniques applied to Landsat-8 OLI,ASTER,and Sentinel-2 multi-spectral imagery(MSI)data delineate gold-sulfide mineralization in altered rocks.Gold(Au)anomalies in hydrothermal breccias and quartz veins are associated with NE-oriented felsite dykes and silicified granitic rocks.Two main alteration types are identified:a pyrite-sericite-quartz and a sulfide-chlorite-carbonate assemblage,locally with dispersed free-milling Au specks.Dimensionality reduction techniques,including principal component analysis(PCA)and independent component analysis(ICA),enabled mapping of alteration types.Sentinel-2 PC125 composite images offered efficient lithological differentiation,while supervised classifications,i.e.,the support vector machine(SVM)of Landsat-8 yielded an accuracy of 88.55%and a Kappa value of 0.86.ASTER mineral indices contributed to map hydrothermal alteration mineral phases,including sericite,muscovite,kaolinite,and iron oxides.Results indicate that post-magmatic epigenetic hydrothermal activity significantly contributed to the Au-sulfide mineralization in the Fatira area,distinguishing it from the more prevalent orogenic gold deposits in the region.
