Multiple complex networks, each with different properties and mutually fused, have the problems that the evolving process is time varying and non-equilibrium, network structures are layered and interlacing, and evolvi...Multiple complex networks, each with different properties and mutually fused, have the problems that the evolving process is time varying and non-equilibrium, network structures are layered and interlacing, and evolving characteristics are difficult to be measured. On that account, a dynamic evolving model of complex network with fusion nodes and overlap edges（CNFNOEs） is proposed. Firstly, we define some related concepts of CNFNOEs, and analyze the conversion process of fusion relationship and hierarchy relationship. According to the property difference of various nodes and edges, fusion nodes and overlap edges are subsequently split, and then the CNFNOEs is transformed to interlacing layered complex networks（ILCN）. Secondly,the node degree saturation and attraction factors are defined. On that basis, the evolution algorithm and the local world evolution model for ILCN are put forward. Moreover, four typical situations of nodes evolution are discussed, and the degree distribution law during evolution is analyzed by means of the mean field method.Numerical simulation results show that nodes unreached degree saturation follow the exponential distribution with an error of no more than 6%; nodes reached degree saturation follow the distribution of their connection capacities with an error of no more than 3%; network weaving coefficients have a positive correlation with the highest probability of new node and initial number of connected edges. The results have verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the model, which provides a new idea and method for exploring CNFNOE＇s evolving process and law. Also, the model has good application prospects in structure and dynamics research of transportation network, communication network, social contact network,etc.展开更多
Objective:Sentinel lymph node biopsy(SLNB) is a minimally invasive method that helps to evaluate the status of the lymph node region of a primary tumor.A precise preoperative localization of the sentinel lymph node (S...Objective:Sentinel lymph node biopsy(SLNB) is a minimally invasive method that helps to evaluate the status of the lymph node region of a primary tumor.A precise preoperative localization of the sentinel lymph node (SLN) may be helpful for surgical planning.Preoperative lymphoscintigraphy (LS) is important if the cancer is located in regions of anatomical complexity.But it fails to elucidate the specific lymphatic drainage and the anatomical relationship of SLNs.In the present study the benefit of LS by SPECT/CT to the preoperative localization of SLNs was evaluated.Methods:21 clinically nodes-negative patients with T1 or T2-staged oral squamous cell carcinoma were enrolled.LS were performed by submucosa injection of 37-74MB of 99mTc-DX at 4 to 6 points around the tumor followed by immediate dynamic,delay static imaging and skin marking of the SLN.Then the patients underwent SPECT/CT scintigraphy.Planar and fusion images were interpreted separately and compared.Intraoperative dye method was carried out.Results:In all patients,fusion images confirmed the localization obtained by planar images and skin marking.Moreover,in 9 of the 21 patients,the fusion images improved or corrected the preoperative localization of the SLNs in planar imaging:7 nodes that had been identified only on the fused images were located in basins other than or in addition to the basins identified on th planar images,and 1 node that was located closed to the injection sites was hidden by its scattered radiation signals in the planar images,and erroneous diagnosis occurred in 1 node resulted from the scattering.In addition,multiple draining basins were identified on the fusion images in 6 of the 21 patients,however,planar images only in 1 of the 21.Conclusion:Our results showed the additional value of SPECT/CT fusion imaging in revealing SLNs compared to planar imaging and sharpen the localization of the SLN that were of clinical relevance to SLNB in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.And by fusion images topographic landmarks could be identified that may further facilitate surgical exploration with a higher diagnostic sensitivity with more SLNs being detectable than by planar LS.展开更多
为提高供电恢复效果,更好地应对当前有源配电网信息-物理耦合程度不断加深的形势,提出了一种考虑信息流、能量流、业务流多流融合以及智能软开关(soft open point,SOP)作用的孤岛划分算法,基于该算法实现供电恢复策略。首先,为保证负荷...为提高供电恢复效果,更好地应对当前有源配电网信息-物理耦合程度不断加深的形势,提出了一种考虑信息流、能量流、业务流多流融合以及智能软开关(soft open point,SOP)作用的孤岛划分算法,基于该算法实现供电恢复策略。首先,为保证负荷的可靠恢复,该策略深入研究信息-物理耦合并建模,对节点信息重要度排序,讨论其对负荷恢复的影响;其次,构建了SOP的稳态模型,分析了SOP的工作原理及控制模式;接着,为了更大程度、更加灵活地恢复负荷,考虑SOP的作用,建立考虑光伏时变性及负荷运行特性的有源配电网孤岛划分模型;最后,算例仿真验证所提策略的有效性。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(615730176140149961174162)
文摘Multiple complex networks, each with different properties and mutually fused, have the problems that the evolving process is time varying and non-equilibrium, network structures are layered and interlacing, and evolving characteristics are difficult to be measured. On that account, a dynamic evolving model of complex network with fusion nodes and overlap edges（CNFNOEs） is proposed. Firstly, we define some related concepts of CNFNOEs, and analyze the conversion process of fusion relationship and hierarchy relationship. According to the property difference of various nodes and edges, fusion nodes and overlap edges are subsequently split, and then the CNFNOEs is transformed to interlacing layered complex networks（ILCN）. Secondly,the node degree saturation and attraction factors are defined. On that basis, the evolution algorithm and the local world evolution model for ILCN are put forward. Moreover, four typical situations of nodes evolution are discussed, and the degree distribution law during evolution is analyzed by means of the mean field method.Numerical simulation results show that nodes unreached degree saturation follow the exponential distribution with an error of no more than 6%; nodes reached degree saturation follow the distribution of their connection capacities with an error of no more than 3%; network weaving coefficients have a positive correlation with the highest probability of new node and initial number of connected edges. The results have verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the model, which provides a new idea and method for exploring CNFNOE＇s evolving process and law. Also, the model has good application prospects in structure and dynamics research of transportation network, communication network, social contact network,etc.
文摘Objective:Sentinel lymph node biopsy(SLNB) is a minimally invasive method that helps to evaluate the status of the lymph node region of a primary tumor.A precise preoperative localization of the sentinel lymph node (SLN) may be helpful for surgical planning.Preoperative lymphoscintigraphy (LS) is important if the cancer is located in regions of anatomical complexity.But it fails to elucidate the specific lymphatic drainage and the anatomical relationship of SLNs.In the present study the benefit of LS by SPECT/CT to the preoperative localization of SLNs was evaluated.Methods:21 clinically nodes-negative patients with T1 or T2-staged oral squamous cell carcinoma were enrolled.LS were performed by submucosa injection of 37-74MB of 99mTc-DX at 4 to 6 points around the tumor followed by immediate dynamic,delay static imaging and skin marking of the SLN.Then the patients underwent SPECT/CT scintigraphy.Planar and fusion images were interpreted separately and compared.Intraoperative dye method was carried out.Results:In all patients,fusion images confirmed the localization obtained by planar images and skin marking.Moreover,in 9 of the 21 patients,the fusion images improved or corrected the preoperative localization of the SLNs in planar imaging:7 nodes that had been identified only on the fused images were located in basins other than or in addition to the basins identified on th planar images,and 1 node that was located closed to the injection sites was hidden by its scattered radiation signals in the planar images,and erroneous diagnosis occurred in 1 node resulted from the scattering.In addition,multiple draining basins were identified on the fusion images in 6 of the 21 patients,however,planar images only in 1 of the 21.Conclusion:Our results showed the additional value of SPECT/CT fusion imaging in revealing SLNs compared to planar imaging and sharpen the localization of the SLN that were of clinical relevance to SLNB in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.And by fusion images topographic landmarks could be identified that may further facilitate surgical exploration with a higher diagnostic sensitivity with more SLNs being detectable than by planar LS.
文摘为提高供电恢复效果,更好地应对当前有源配电网信息-物理耦合程度不断加深的形势,提出了一种考虑信息流、能量流、业务流多流融合以及智能软开关(soft open point,SOP)作用的孤岛划分算法,基于该算法实现供电恢复策略。首先,为保证负荷的可靠恢复,该策略深入研究信息-物理耦合并建模,对节点信息重要度排序,讨论其对负荷恢复的影响;其次,构建了SOP的稳态模型,分析了SOP的工作原理及控制模式;接着,为了更大程度、更加灵活地恢复负荷,考虑SOP的作用,建立考虑光伏时变性及负荷运行特性的有源配电网孤岛划分模型;最后,算例仿真验证所提策略的有效性。
