High-voltage sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)are emerging as promising candidates for large-scale energy storage systems due to their abundant sodium source and high energy density.However,the instability of the electrode e...High-voltage sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)are emerging as promising candidates for large-scale energy storage systems due to their abundant sodium source and high energy density.However,the instability of the electrode electrolyte interphase remains a critical barrier to the potential use of high-voltage SIBs.Herein,sodium difluorophosphate(NaDFP)and fluoroethylene carbonate(FEC)serve as functional electrolyte additives to stabilize the interface of the high-voltage cathode.The oxidative competition between FEC and NaDFP facilitates the robust formation of the cathode-electrolyte interface(CEI)layer,enriched with inorganic components such as NaF/NaPO_(x)F_(y).The highly conductive NaF/NaPO_(x)F_(y)and inorganics provide fast ion transport pathways and mechanical strength,thereby mitigating the decomposition of carbonates and NaPF_(6).The half-cell equipped with BE 2 F+0.5 DFP demonstrates 93.9%capacity retention at 4.3 V across 600 cycles,showcasing excellent cycling capability.Full HC||NVOPF cells exhibit sustained performance with 91.69%capacity retention and a capacity of 91.57 mA·h/g over 1000 cycles at a 5 C rate.This study is poised to garner increased scholarly interest in the domain of rational electrolyte formulation for practical applications.展开更多
Lithium–sulfur(Li–S)battery as a high-energy density electrochemical energy storage system has attracted many researchers’attention.However,the shuttle effect of Li–S batteries and the challenges associated with l...Lithium–sulfur(Li–S)battery as a high-energy density electrochemical energy storage system has attracted many researchers’attention.However,the shuttle effect of Li–S batteries and the challenges associated with lithium metal anode caused poor cycle performance.In this work,the organosulfide poly(sulfur-1,3-diisopropenylbenzene)(PSD)was prepared as cathode material and additive of P(VDFHFP)polymer electrolyte(P(VDF-HFP)).It was verified that P(VDF-HFP)polymer electrolyte with 10%PSD(P(VDF-HFP)-10%PSD)showed a higher ionic conductivities than that of liquid electrolyte up to2.27×10-3 S cm-1 at room temperature.The quasi-solid-state Li-S batteries fabricated with organosulfide cathode material PSD and P(VDF-HFP)based functional polymer electrolyte delivered good cycling stability(780 m Ah g-1 after 200 th cycle at 0.1 C)and rate performance(613 m Ah g-1 at 1 C).The good cycling performance could be attributed to the synergistic effect of components,including the interaction between polysulfides and polymer main chain in the organosulfide cathode,the sustained organic/inorganic hybrid stable SEI layer formed by polymer electrolyte additive PSD,the improved cathode/electrolyte interface and the good affinity between P(VDF-HFP)based functional polymer electrolyte and Li metal surface.This strategy herein may provide a new route to fabricate high-performance Li–S batteries through the organosulfide cathode and functional polymer electrolyte.展开更多
The ever-growing pursuit of high energy density batteries has triggered extensive efforts toward developing alkali metal(Li,Na,and K)battery(AMB)technologies owing to high theoretical capacities and low redox potentia...The ever-growing pursuit of high energy density batteries has triggered extensive efforts toward developing alkali metal(Li,Na,and K)battery(AMB)technologies owing to high theoretical capacities and low redox potentials of metallic anodes.Typically,for new battery systems,the electrolyte design is critical for realizing the battery electrochemistry of AMBs.Conventional electrolytes in alkali ion batteries are generally unsuitable for sustaining the stability owing to the hyper-reactivity and dendritic growth of alkali metals.In this review,we begin with the fundamentals of AMB electrolytes.Recent advancements in concentrated and fluorinated electrolytes,as well as functional electrolyte additives for boosting the stability of Li metal batteries,are summarized and discussed with a special focus on structure-composition-performance relationships.We then delve into the electrolyte formulations for Na-and K metal batteries,including those in which Na/K do not adhere to the Li-inherited paradigms.Finally,the challenges and the future research needs in advanced electrolytes for AMB are highlighted.This comprehensive review sheds light on the principles for the rational design of promising electrolytes and offers new inspirations for developing stable AMBs with high performance.展开更多
<strong>Introduction:</strong> Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a standard minimally invasive urological procedure for the treatment of large renal calculi. It is also associated with complications a...<strong>Introduction:</strong> Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a standard minimally invasive urological procedure for the treatment of large renal calculi. It is also associated with complications arising from absorption of irrigation fluid and intravenous fluid injection. We evaluated the changes occurring in vital and blood parameters during PCNL using 0.9% normal saline (NS) as an irrigation fluid. <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> We prospectively studied 71 patients who underwent PCNL in our hospital between 2016 and 2018. NS (0.9%) was used as irrigation fluid in all patients. Changes in hemodynamics, hemogram, renal function tests and serum electrolytes were noted and assessed for significance using paired t-test. These changes were correlated with ASA grade, BMI, total operating time, total irrigation fluid used and total intravenous fluid used using Pearson’s correlation test. <strong>Results:</strong> A significant fall in serum creatinine was present (1.30 ± 0.96 vs. 1.24 ± 0.93) along with a rise in eGFR (85.39 ± 24.10 vs. 90.18 ± 22.58). A significant rise in serum potassium (4.34 ± 0.45 vs. 4.5 ± 0.56) and chloride levels (104.79 ± 3.51 vs. 106.69 ± 3.14) post-operatively was noted. A significant rise in pulse rate (80.84 ± 10.13 vs. 87.76 ± 13.12) and systolic blood pressure (127.67 ± 15.90 vs. 136.88 ± 19.56) post-operatively was noted. There was no significant change noted in hemoglobin, PCV, platelets and serum sodium levels. Total operating time and irrigation fluid volume showed a positive correlation with changes in eGFR, serum chloride, post-operative pulse rate and blood pressure values. Intravenous fluids volume correlated positively with changes in serum potassium, chloride, post-operative pulse rate and blood pressure values. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> High amount of irrigation fluid absorption can cause early post-operative changes in patients’ hemodynamics and blood indices. Overzealous hydration during PCNL with potassium containing fluids can also lead to hyperkalemia and hyperchloremic acidosis. Thus, early post-operative monitoring of serum electrolytes should be done in all patients after PCNL to prevent complications arising from dyselectrolytemia.展开更多
基金Project(2023QNRC001)supported by the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST,ChinaProject(51932011)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China+1 种基金Project(2023JJ10060)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,ChinaProject(23A0003)supported by the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department,China。
文摘High-voltage sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)are emerging as promising candidates for large-scale energy storage systems due to their abundant sodium source and high energy density.However,the instability of the electrode electrolyte interphase remains a critical barrier to the potential use of high-voltage SIBs.Herein,sodium difluorophosphate(NaDFP)and fluoroethylene carbonate(FEC)serve as functional electrolyte additives to stabilize the interface of the high-voltage cathode.The oxidative competition between FEC and NaDFP facilitates the robust formation of the cathode-electrolyte interface(CEI)layer,enriched with inorganic components such as NaF/NaPO_(x)F_(y).The highly conductive NaF/NaPO_(x)F_(y)and inorganics provide fast ion transport pathways and mechanical strength,thereby mitigating the decomposition of carbonates and NaPF_(6).The half-cell equipped with BE 2 F+0.5 DFP demonstrates 93.9%capacity retention at 4.3 V across 600 cycles,showcasing excellent cycling capability.Full HC||NVOPF cells exhibit sustained performance with 91.69%capacity retention and a capacity of 91.57 mA·h/g over 1000 cycles at a 5 C rate.This study is poised to garner increased scholarly interest in the domain of rational electrolyte formulation for practical applications.
基金Financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51532002 and 51872027)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(L172023)National Basic Research Program of China(2016YFA0202500,2017YFE0113500,and 2018YFB0104300)。
文摘Lithium–sulfur(Li–S)battery as a high-energy density electrochemical energy storage system has attracted many researchers’attention.However,the shuttle effect of Li–S batteries and the challenges associated with lithium metal anode caused poor cycle performance.In this work,the organosulfide poly(sulfur-1,3-diisopropenylbenzene)(PSD)was prepared as cathode material and additive of P(VDFHFP)polymer electrolyte(P(VDF-HFP)).It was verified that P(VDF-HFP)polymer electrolyte with 10%PSD(P(VDF-HFP)-10%PSD)showed a higher ionic conductivities than that of liquid electrolyte up to2.27×10-3 S cm-1 at room temperature.The quasi-solid-state Li-S batteries fabricated with organosulfide cathode material PSD and P(VDF-HFP)based functional polymer electrolyte delivered good cycling stability(780 m Ah g-1 after 200 th cycle at 0.1 C)and rate performance(613 m Ah g-1 at 1 C).The good cycling performance could be attributed to the synergistic effect of components,including the interaction between polysulfides and polymer main chain in the organosulfide cathode,the sustained organic/inorganic hybrid stable SEI layer formed by polymer electrolyte additive PSD,the improved cathode/electrolyte interface and the good affinity between P(VDF-HFP)based functional polymer electrolyte and Li metal surface.This strategy herein may provide a new route to fabricate high-performance Li–S batteries through the organosulfide cathode and functional polymer electrolyte.
基金financial support from Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia(No.2019MS05068)Inner Mongolia scientific and technological achievements transformation project(CGZH2018132)+3 种基金Inner Mongolia major science and technology project(2020ZD0024)the research project of Inner Mongolia Electric Power(Group)Co.,Ltd for post-doctoral studies,the Hong Kong Polytechnic University start-up funding,National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.51872157)Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Power Battery Safety Research(No.ZDSYS201707271615073)financial support from the Australian Research Council(DE190100445).
文摘The ever-growing pursuit of high energy density batteries has triggered extensive efforts toward developing alkali metal(Li,Na,and K)battery(AMB)technologies owing to high theoretical capacities and low redox potentials of metallic anodes.Typically,for new battery systems,the electrolyte design is critical for realizing the battery electrochemistry of AMBs.Conventional electrolytes in alkali ion batteries are generally unsuitable for sustaining the stability owing to the hyper-reactivity and dendritic growth of alkali metals.In this review,we begin with the fundamentals of AMB electrolytes.Recent advancements in concentrated and fluorinated electrolytes,as well as functional electrolyte additives for boosting the stability of Li metal batteries,are summarized and discussed with a special focus on structure-composition-performance relationships.We then delve into the electrolyte formulations for Na-and K metal batteries,including those in which Na/K do not adhere to the Li-inherited paradigms.Finally,the challenges and the future research needs in advanced electrolytes for AMB are highlighted.This comprehensive review sheds light on the principles for the rational design of promising electrolytes and offers new inspirations for developing stable AMBs with high performance.
文摘<strong>Introduction:</strong> Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a standard minimally invasive urological procedure for the treatment of large renal calculi. It is also associated with complications arising from absorption of irrigation fluid and intravenous fluid injection. We evaluated the changes occurring in vital and blood parameters during PCNL using 0.9% normal saline (NS) as an irrigation fluid. <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> We prospectively studied 71 patients who underwent PCNL in our hospital between 2016 and 2018. NS (0.9%) was used as irrigation fluid in all patients. Changes in hemodynamics, hemogram, renal function tests and serum electrolytes were noted and assessed for significance using paired t-test. These changes were correlated with ASA grade, BMI, total operating time, total irrigation fluid used and total intravenous fluid used using Pearson’s correlation test. <strong>Results:</strong> A significant fall in serum creatinine was present (1.30 ± 0.96 vs. 1.24 ± 0.93) along with a rise in eGFR (85.39 ± 24.10 vs. 90.18 ± 22.58). A significant rise in serum potassium (4.34 ± 0.45 vs. 4.5 ± 0.56) and chloride levels (104.79 ± 3.51 vs. 106.69 ± 3.14) post-operatively was noted. A significant rise in pulse rate (80.84 ± 10.13 vs. 87.76 ± 13.12) and systolic blood pressure (127.67 ± 15.90 vs. 136.88 ± 19.56) post-operatively was noted. There was no significant change noted in hemoglobin, PCV, platelets and serum sodium levels. Total operating time and irrigation fluid volume showed a positive correlation with changes in eGFR, serum chloride, post-operative pulse rate and blood pressure values. Intravenous fluids volume correlated positively with changes in serum potassium, chloride, post-operative pulse rate and blood pressure values. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> High amount of irrigation fluid absorption can cause early post-operative changes in patients’ hemodynamics and blood indices. Overzealous hydration during PCNL with potassium containing fluids can also lead to hyperkalemia and hyperchloremic acidosis. Thus, early post-operative monitoring of serum electrolytes should be done in all patients after PCNL to prevent complications arising from dyselectrolytemia.
