Quality function development (QFD) matrix was introduced as a tool to measure the quality management performance of contractors. Engineering quality, quality management system components, and their relationship were d...Quality function development (QFD) matrix was introduced as a tool to measure the quality management performance of contractors. Engineering quality, quality management system components, and their relationship were defined. An integrated engineering quality system was decomposed into seven factors and the quality management system was composed of eight factors. Importance weights of all factors and their relationship point were acquired by questionnaires and interviews. Then, QFD matrix was formulated and the calculating process was proposed. This model was verified on a case study. The result shows that it is useful for contractor in benchmarking themselves and invaluable for owners in the process of deciding contractor.展开更多
Under the new situation, the business administration of enterprises involves more contents, which has greater influence on the development of enterprises in all aspects. Therefore, optimizing the development of its fu...Under the new situation, the business administration of enterprises involves more contents, which has greater influence on the development of enterprises in all aspects. Therefore, optimizing the development of its functions and making it continuously perfect is of positive significance to the future development of enterprises. Based on this, it is necessary for the management of the enterprise to comprehensively analyze many problems in the current business management of the enterprise, and on this basis to improve the business management system, norms and standards, to promote various business management work according to a more scientific process, and to create greater social and economic benefits for the enterprise.展开更多
From the process of sedimentation the mathematical relationships among deposition Volume and powder properties as well as sedimentation parameters were deduced. Based on the formula a mathematical model was set up and...From the process of sedimentation the mathematical relationships among deposition Volume and powder properties as well as sedimentation parameters were deduced. Based on the formula a mathematical model was set up and simulated through the computer. At last the validity of mathematical model was supported by the representative experiment on Ti-Mo system FGM prepared by co-sedimentation.展开更多
Due to the economic value of natural textile fiber, cotton has attracted much research attention, which has led to the publication of two diploid genomes and two tetraploid genomes. These big data facilitate functiona...Due to the economic value of natural textile fiber, cotton has attracted much research attention, which has led to the publication of two diploid genomes and two tetraploid genomes. These big data facilitate functional genomic study in cotton, and allow researchers to investigate cotton genome structure, gene expression, and protein function on the global scale using high-throughput methods. In this review, we summarized recent studies of cotton genomes. Population genomic analyses revealed the domestication history of cultivated upland cotton and the roles of transposable elements in cotton genome evolution.Alternative splicing of cotton transcriptomes was evaluated genome-widely. Several important gene families like MYC, NAC, Sus and GhPLDal were systematically identified and classified based on genetic structure and biological function. High-throughput proteomics also unraveled the key functional proteins correlated with fiber development. Functional genomic studies have provided unprecedented insights into global-scale methods for cotton research.展开更多
Spirulina, a protein-rich cyanobacterium, and Bilberry, a dark berry, have the potential to be used as functional food ingredients in the food industry. These two underexplored and underutilized ingredients were used ...Spirulina, a protein-rich cyanobacterium, and Bilberry, a dark berry, have the potential to be used as functional food ingredients in the food industry. These two underexplored and underutilized ingredients were used to develop an adolescent-friendly functional snack food product in the light of food industry trends. Stages of product development, shelf life/physiochemical analysis (texture, pH, color, and water activity) and sensory evaluation were utilized in developing a functional snack mini muffin containing Spirulina and Bilberry. Aqueous (AQ) and 80% ethanol (ET) extracts of mini muffin formulations (chocolate, 1% Spirulina (S) + 4% Bilberry (B), 2% Spirulina (S) + 8% Bilberry (B)) were prepared using a standard protocol. Antioxidant potential was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Potential (FRAP) assays. Utilizing a 5-point hedonic scale (1—Dislike very much, 2—Dislike a little, 3—Neither like nor dislike, 4—Like a little, 5—Like very much), 3 mini muffin formulations (chocolate, 1% S + 4% B, 2% S +8% B), were tested among consumer panelists, with 1% S + 4% B being the most acceptable based on taste, texture, color, aroma, appearance, etc. Texture (post-peak (N) of the mini muffin did not vary between chocolate and 1 S% + 4% B formulations;however, 2% S + 8% B was 1.09 times higher compared to its counterparts. pH, color, and water activity remained constant over the 9-day shelf-life period. The Spirulina and Bilberry muffins developed exhibited antioxidant activities (highest in 2% S + 8% B), and were accepted by the sensory panelists for color, taste, mouthfeel, and aroma (panelists preferred 1% S + 4% B).展开更多
Introduction：A key challenge in designing tissue repair strategies is knowing whether and how developmental mechanisms are used for successful repair of mature/adult tissues.Although it is known that developmental co...Introduction：A key challenge in designing tissue repair strategies is knowing whether and how developmental mechanisms are used for successful repair of mature/adult tissues.Although it is known that developmental components are used in repair,it remains mostly unclear which ones are required and whether they act similarly as during development.This issue is further complicated by the fact that it is difficult.展开更多
A s a major raw material for the textile industry and the most important fiber crop in the world,cotton is of great significance in Chinese economy.The development of cotton fiber can be divided into initiation,elonga...A s a major raw material for the textile industry and the most important fiber crop in the world,cotton is of great significance in Chinese economy.The development of cotton fiber can be divided into initiation,elongation,secondary wall synthesis,and maturation stages.The initiation and elongation stages of fiber,which determine the number of fibers on each seed and the final length of fiber,direct-ly affect the yield and quality of cottonfiber.展开更多
Background: Magnocellular deficit theory is among the different hypotheses that have been proposed to explain the pathophysiology of developmental dyslexia (DD). Dysfunction of the magnocellular system in DD has been ...Background: Magnocellular deficit theory is among the different hypotheses that have been proposed to explain the pathophysiology of developmental dyslexia (DD). Dysfunction of the magnocellular system in DD has been investigated using mainly visual evoked potentials (VEPs), particularly transient VEPs, although recently abnormal steady-state VEPs have also been reported. The brain regions responsible for the abnormal VEPs in DD have yet to be elucidated, however. In this study, we performed functional magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography (fMRI-EEG) simultaneously to elucidate the brain areas that were found in a previous study to be activated through stimulation of the magnocellular system, and then investigated the mechanism involved in the dysfunction seen in DD.Methods: Subjects were 20 healthy individuals (TYP group;13 men, 7 women;mean ± standard deviation age, 26.3 ± 5.53 years) and 2 men with DD (aged 42 and 30 years). Images of brain activity were acquired with 3-Tesla MRI while the viewing the reversal of low-spatial frequency and low-contrast black-and-white sinusoidal gratings. EEG was recorded concurrently to obtain steady-state VEPs.Results: Stimulus frequency-dependent VEPs were observed in the posterior region of the brain in the TYP group;however, VEP amplitudes in both DD patients were clearly smaller than those in TYP. fMRI images revealed that both the primary and secondary visual cortices were activated by black-and- white sinusoidal gratings in the TYP group, whereas activity in the visual cortex overall was reduced in both DD patients.Conclusions: Present low spatial and high reversal frequency visual stimuli activated the primary visual cortex presumably through predominant activation of the magnocellular pathway. This finding indicates that some cases of adult patients of DD involve impairment of the visual magnocellular system.展开更多
Aims: This study was designed to verify the proportion of Japanese adults with pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) who met the diagnostic criteria (other than E) for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) ...Aims: This study was designed to verify the proportion of Japanese adults with pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) who met the diagnostic criteria (other than E) for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR). Furthermore, we examined to what extent adults with PDD think that they exhibit ADHD symptoms. Methods: We developed an original Japanese self-report questionnaire to determine the presence or absence of 18 symptoms from the diagnostic criteria for ADHD in the DSM-IV-TR. We administered the questionnaire to 64 adults with high-functioning PDD (45 men and 19 women) and 21 adults with ADHD (10 men and 11 women), aged 18 to 59 years, with a full-scale intelligence quotient ≥75. Target patients were evaluated for ADHD by their psychiatrists. Results: Twenty-nine (45.3%) adults with PDD also had ADHD. The percentage of these adults who had over six perceived inattention symptoms from the DSM-IV-TR was 96.6%. The percentage of these adults who had over six perceived hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms was 65.5%. Thirty-five (55.6%) adults with PDD responded that they were aware of having ADHD symptoms at the level of the relevant diagnostic criteria. Conclusions: The present study is the first to examine the frequency of objective and perceived ADHD symptoms in adults with PDD in Japan. Our results show that both objective and perceived ADHD symptoms frequently appear in a large number of adults with PDD. This suggests that it is necessary to attend to concomitant ADHD symptoms in the medical care of adults with PDD.展开更多
Respect for human rights and protection of human rights are significant rules in the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China.In 2015,judicial administration departments at all levels legally exercised their du...Respect for human rights and protection of human rights are significant rules in the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China.In 2015,judicial administration departments at all levels legally exercised their duties,implemented the principles and rules in constitution,and kept strengthening propagation of human rights through creation of contents and methods which had acquired great effects.What they have done contributes significantly toward the development of human rights in China.展开更多
MicroRNAs（miRNAs） are a class of about 20—24 nt small non-coding RNAs that can regulate their target gene expression transcriptionally and posttranscriptionally.There are an increasing number of studies describing ...MicroRNAs（miRNAs） are a class of about 20—24 nt small non-coding RNAs that can regulate their target gene expression transcriptionally and posttranscriptionally.There are an increasing number of studies describing the identification of new components and regulatory mechanisms involved in the miRNA biogenesis and effector pathway as well as new functions of miRNAs in plant development. This review mainly focuses on the components involved in this pathway,and the developmental defects associated with the corresponding mutations.Some functions of important miRNAs in plant development,together with the modes of miRNA action,are also discussed in this review to describe the recent advance in this area.展开更多
目的探讨医体结合模式对改善智力发育障碍儿童的运动发育与基本动作技能的疗效。方法采用前瞻性研究方法,选取2022年7月至2023年7月在广东三九脑科医院住院治疗的90例智力发育障碍患儿,按照随机数字表法将其分为观察组(n=45)与对照组(n=...目的探讨医体结合模式对改善智力发育障碍儿童的运动发育与基本动作技能的疗效。方法采用前瞻性研究方法,选取2022年7月至2023年7月在广东三九脑科医院住院治疗的90例智力发育障碍患儿,按照随机数字表法将其分为观察组(n=45)与对照组(n=45)。2组均给予认知训练、作业治疗、感觉统合训练的常规疗法,观察组在常规疗法的基础上给予体适能训练,治疗均1次/d,训练时长40 min/次,每周休息2 d,连续治疗8周。治疗前、治疗8周后分别采用Gesell发育量表中的粗大运动能区、大肌肉动作发展量表第2版(Test of Gross Motor Development-Second Edition,TGMD-2)、Berg平衡量表得分进行评定。统计学方法采用t检验、χ^(2)检验。结果连续治疗8周后,观察组患儿粗大运动发育年龄高于对照组[(33.10±7.72)个月与(27.57±7.03)个月,t=-2.987,P=0.003)]。治疗8周后,观察组患儿位移技能得分、操控技能得分及总分均高于治疗前[(27.62±4.10)分与(25.07±4.03)分,(23.36±5.44)分与(21.24±3.81)分,(50.98±8.92)分与(46.31±6.92)分,t值分别为-5.951、-3.103、-4.978,P值均<0.05];对照组患儿治疗前后上述得分差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);治疗8周后,观察组患儿位移技能得分、操控技能得分及总分均高于对照组[(27.62±4.10)分与(25.51±2.58)分,(23.36±5.44)分与(21.56±2.33)分,(50.98±8.92)分与(47.07±3.65)分,t值分别为2.922、2.039、2.723,P值均<0.05]。治疗8周后,观察组患儿动态平衡得分、静态平衡得分及总分均高于治疗前[(26.80±2.07)分与(25.24±4.52)分,(17.22±1.95)分与(15.67±4.17)分,(44.02±3.43)分与(40.91±8.43)分,t值分别为-2.729、-2.842、-3.025,P值均<0.05];对照组患儿治疗前后上述得分差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);治疗8周后,观察组患儿动态平衡得分、静态平衡得分及总分均高于对照组[(26.80±2.07)分与(25.20±4.89)分,(17.22±1.95)分与(15.87±2.43)分,(44.02±3.43)分与(41.07±5.76)分,t值分别为2.020、2.919、2.957,P值均<0.05]。结论医体结合模式能有效提高智力发育障碍儿童的基本动作技能,改善平衡功能,促进运动发育,值得临床推广。展开更多
Since estrogenic pollutants and phytoestrogens can cause the disorder of the reproductive system, the effects of a soybean milk product（Vegemil^（？） containing 162 ppm isoflavones） on the feto-neonatal development...Since estrogenic pollutants and phytoestrogens can cause the disorder of the reproductive system, the effects of a soybean milk product（Vegemil^（？） containing 162 ppm isoflavones） on the feto-neonatal development, including male reproductive function, were investigated. Pregnant rats were fed the soybean milk（5% or 100% in drinking water）from gestational day（GD） 6 to parturition or to post-natal day（PND） 56. Specifically, the rats were divided into 4 groups： the control group（drinking water）, the GD5% group（5% soybean milk during only the GD period）, the GDPND5% group（5% soybean milk during the GD and PND periods）, and the GD-PND100% group（100% soybean milk instead of water during the GD and PND periods）. During the gestational, lactational, and developmental periods, the reproductive and developmental parameters of dams and offspring were observed. Feeding soybean milk did not affect the birth and physical development of both male and female offspring. At PND57, the weights of the testes and epididymides of F1 males significantly increased by feeding a high concentration of the soybean milk（GDPND100%）. In addition, feeding of the soybean milk during both the GD and PND periods（GD-PND5% and GDPND100%） enhanced the sperm counts and motility. The results indicate that soybean milk is safe for embryos,fetuses, and offspring, and improves the post-generational development of male reproductive function.展开更多
Objective: The aim of this study is to validate the Italian version of the Developmental Disability-Child Global Assessment Scale (DD-CGAS), a scale developed to assess global functioning in children with Autism Spect...Objective: The aim of this study is to validate the Italian version of the Developmental Disability-Child Global Assessment Scale (DD-CGAS), a scale developed to assess global functioning in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs). Methods: Following the validation procedures used for the English version of the scale, inter-rater reliability, temporal stability and convergent validity were assessed in a group of 48 children with ASD and temporal stability in a subset of 42 subjects. Results: Inter-rater reliability and temporal stability (ICC) were respectively 0.78 and 0.79;effect size for convergent validity were moderate to large;the pre-post DD-CGAS change had an effect size of 0.59. Conclusions: The Italian version of the DD-CGAS is a reliable instrument for measuring global functioning of children with ASD.展开更多
The prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays an important role in cognitive process related to executive function, but is also active during resting states. Quantifying prefrontal cortex activity during resting states provides a...The prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays an important role in cognitive process related to executive function, but is also active during resting states. Quantifying prefrontal cortex activity during resting states provides a baseline for interpreting task-induced brain activity. Researchers commonly use resting conditions where participants are prompted to stare at a screen (eyes open) or close their eyes (eyes closed). Are these two conditions equivalent representations of a baseline resting state? Further, does prefrontal cortex activity during these conditions change as a function of development? The aim of this study was to examine differences in prefrontal cortex activity between eyes open and eyes closed conditions during resting states in children and adults to provide a rationale of proper selection of baseline condition in future research. Thirty-six participants in 3 age groups were recruited in this study including twenty-four adults, five 12 - 15 years old children, and seven 8 - 11 years old children. Relative changes in concentrations of oxygenated hemoglobin (Δoxy-Hb) and deoxygenated hemoglobin (Δdeoxy-Hb) were obtained by using functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) in eyes closed (EC) and eyes open (EO) conditions, 3 minutes each. Contrasts were tested to compare the differences of Δoxy-Hb and Δdeoxy-Hb between eyes open and eyes closed conditions. The EC condition had significantly higher Δoxy-Hb than EO when all groups were combined (t (17.268) = 3.021, p = .008, Cohen’s d = –0.72). When comparing Δoxy-Hb between eyes conditions within each group, the younger group had significantly higher Δoxy-Hb in EC than EO (t (9.459) = 2.734, p = 0.022, Cohen’s d = –1.46). Based on these results, the EO condition may be a better baseline condition, particularly in studies with younger children, since it has less activity in the PFC that could interfere with interpretations of task-induced activity.展开更多
基金Funded by Postgraduate Scientific and Technical Innovation Project in Universities and Colleges of Jiangsu Province(CXLX_0161)
文摘Quality function development (QFD) matrix was introduced as a tool to measure the quality management performance of contractors. Engineering quality, quality management system components, and their relationship were defined. An integrated engineering quality system was decomposed into seven factors and the quality management system was composed of eight factors. Importance weights of all factors and their relationship point were acquired by questionnaires and interviews. Then, QFD matrix was formulated and the calculating process was proposed. This model was verified on a case study. The result shows that it is useful for contractor in benchmarking themselves and invaluable for owners in the process of deciding contractor.
文摘Under the new situation, the business administration of enterprises involves more contents, which has greater influence on the development of enterprises in all aspects. Therefore, optimizing the development of its functions and making it continuously perfect is of positive significance to the future development of enterprises. Based on this, it is necessary for the management of the enterprise to comprehensively analyze many problems in the current business management of the enterprise, and on this basis to improve the business management system, norms and standards, to promote various business management work according to a more scientific process, and to create greater social and economic benefits for the enterprise.
文摘From the process of sedimentation the mathematical relationships among deposition Volume and powder properties as well as sedimentation parameters were deduced. Based on the formula a mathematical model was set up and simulated through the computer. At last the validity of mathematical model was supported by the representative experiment on Ti-Mo system FGM prepared by co-sedimentation.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21602162 and 31690090)the National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2016ZX08005003-001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.104862016)
文摘Due to the economic value of natural textile fiber, cotton has attracted much research attention, which has led to the publication of two diploid genomes and two tetraploid genomes. These big data facilitate functional genomic study in cotton, and allow researchers to investigate cotton genome structure, gene expression, and protein function on the global scale using high-throughput methods. In this review, we summarized recent studies of cotton genomes. Population genomic analyses revealed the domestication history of cultivated upland cotton and the roles of transposable elements in cotton genome evolution.Alternative splicing of cotton transcriptomes was evaluated genome-widely. Several important gene families like MYC, NAC, Sus and GhPLDal were systematically identified and classified based on genetic structure and biological function. High-throughput proteomics also unraveled the key functional proteins correlated with fiber development. Functional genomic studies have provided unprecedented insights into global-scale methods for cotton research.
文摘Spirulina, a protein-rich cyanobacterium, and Bilberry, a dark berry, have the potential to be used as functional food ingredients in the food industry. These two underexplored and underutilized ingredients were used to develop an adolescent-friendly functional snack food product in the light of food industry trends. Stages of product development, shelf life/physiochemical analysis (texture, pH, color, and water activity) and sensory evaluation were utilized in developing a functional snack mini muffin containing Spirulina and Bilberry. Aqueous (AQ) and 80% ethanol (ET) extracts of mini muffin formulations (chocolate, 1% Spirulina (S) + 4% Bilberry (B), 2% Spirulina (S) + 8% Bilberry (B)) were prepared using a standard protocol. Antioxidant potential was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Potential (FRAP) assays. Utilizing a 5-point hedonic scale (1—Dislike very much, 2—Dislike a little, 3—Neither like nor dislike, 4—Like a little, 5—Like very much), 3 mini muffin formulations (chocolate, 1% S + 4% B, 2% S +8% B), were tested among consumer panelists, with 1% S + 4% B being the most acceptable based on taste, texture, color, aroma, appearance, etc. Texture (post-peak (N) of the mini muffin did not vary between chocolate and 1 S% + 4% B formulations;however, 2% S + 8% B was 1.09 times higher compared to its counterparts. pH, color, and water activity remained constant over the 9-day shelf-life period. The Spirulina and Bilberry muffins developed exhibited antioxidant activities (highest in 2% S + 8% B), and were accepted by the sensory panelists for color, taste, mouthfeel, and aroma (panelists preferred 1% S + 4% B).
基金supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health(P20GM103440)the University of Nevada,Las Vegas(a Faculty Opportunity Award and a doctoral dissertation graduate assistantship)to KAST
文摘Introduction：A key challenge in designing tissue repair strategies is knowing whether and how developmental mechanisms are used for successful repair of mature/adult tissues.Although it is known that developmental components are used in repair,it remains mostly unclear which ones are required and whether they act similarly as during development.This issue is further complicated by the fact that it is difficult.
基金This work was funded by grants fromthe National Basic Research and Development Program(2004CB117304)the Hi-tech Research and Development Program of China(2007AA10Z115)
文摘A s a major raw material for the textile industry and the most important fiber crop in the world,cotton is of great significance in Chinese economy.The development of cotton fiber can be divided into initiation,elongation,secondary wall synthesis,and maturation stages.The initiation and elongation stages of fiber,which determine the number of fibers on each seed and the final length of fiber,direct-ly affect the yield and quality of cottonfiber.
文摘Background: Magnocellular deficit theory is among the different hypotheses that have been proposed to explain the pathophysiology of developmental dyslexia (DD). Dysfunction of the magnocellular system in DD has been investigated using mainly visual evoked potentials (VEPs), particularly transient VEPs, although recently abnormal steady-state VEPs have also been reported. The brain regions responsible for the abnormal VEPs in DD have yet to be elucidated, however. In this study, we performed functional magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography (fMRI-EEG) simultaneously to elucidate the brain areas that were found in a previous study to be activated through stimulation of the magnocellular system, and then investigated the mechanism involved in the dysfunction seen in DD.Methods: Subjects were 20 healthy individuals (TYP group;13 men, 7 women;mean ± standard deviation age, 26.3 ± 5.53 years) and 2 men with DD (aged 42 and 30 years). Images of brain activity were acquired with 3-Tesla MRI while the viewing the reversal of low-spatial frequency and low-contrast black-and-white sinusoidal gratings. EEG was recorded concurrently to obtain steady-state VEPs.Results: Stimulus frequency-dependent VEPs were observed in the posterior region of the brain in the TYP group;however, VEP amplitudes in both DD patients were clearly smaller than those in TYP. fMRI images revealed that both the primary and secondary visual cortices were activated by black-and- white sinusoidal gratings in the TYP group, whereas activity in the visual cortex overall was reduced in both DD patients.Conclusions: Present low spatial and high reversal frequency visual stimuli activated the primary visual cortex presumably through predominant activation of the magnocellular pathway. This finding indicates that some cases of adult patients of DD involve impairment of the visual magnocellular system.
文摘Aims: This study was designed to verify the proportion of Japanese adults with pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) who met the diagnostic criteria (other than E) for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR). Furthermore, we examined to what extent adults with PDD think that they exhibit ADHD symptoms. Methods: We developed an original Japanese self-report questionnaire to determine the presence or absence of 18 symptoms from the diagnostic criteria for ADHD in the DSM-IV-TR. We administered the questionnaire to 64 adults with high-functioning PDD (45 men and 19 women) and 21 adults with ADHD (10 men and 11 women), aged 18 to 59 years, with a full-scale intelligence quotient ≥75. Target patients were evaluated for ADHD by their psychiatrists. Results: Twenty-nine (45.3%) adults with PDD also had ADHD. The percentage of these adults who had over six perceived inattention symptoms from the DSM-IV-TR was 96.6%. The percentage of these adults who had over six perceived hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms was 65.5%. Thirty-five (55.6%) adults with PDD responded that they were aware of having ADHD symptoms at the level of the relevant diagnostic criteria. Conclusions: The present study is the first to examine the frequency of objective and perceived ADHD symptoms in adults with PDD in Japan. Our results show that both objective and perceived ADHD symptoms frequently appear in a large number of adults with PDD. This suggests that it is necessary to attend to concomitant ADHD symptoms in the medical care of adults with PDD.
文摘Respect for human rights and protection of human rights are significant rules in the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China.In 2015,judicial administration departments at all levels legally exercised their duties,implemented the principles and rules in constitution,and kept strengthening propagation of human rights through creation of contents and methods which had acquired great effects.What they have done contributes significantly toward the development of human rights in China.
基金supported by a start-up fund from Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University(No.2034020060)the grants from the 1000 Youth Talents Program in China(No. 2034020065)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2045210147)
文摘MicroRNAs（miRNAs） are a class of about 20—24 nt small non-coding RNAs that can regulate their target gene expression transcriptionally and posttranscriptionally.There are an increasing number of studies describing the identification of new components and regulatory mechanisms involved in the miRNA biogenesis and effector pathway as well as new functions of miRNAs in plant development. This review mainly focuses on the components involved in this pathway,and the developmental defects associated with the corresponding mutations.Some functions of important miRNAs in plant development,together with the modes of miRNA action,are also discussed in this review to describe the recent advance in this area.
文摘目的探讨医体结合模式对改善智力发育障碍儿童的运动发育与基本动作技能的疗效。方法采用前瞻性研究方法,选取2022年7月至2023年7月在广东三九脑科医院住院治疗的90例智力发育障碍患儿,按照随机数字表法将其分为观察组(n=45)与对照组(n=45)。2组均给予认知训练、作业治疗、感觉统合训练的常规疗法,观察组在常规疗法的基础上给予体适能训练,治疗均1次/d,训练时长40 min/次,每周休息2 d,连续治疗8周。治疗前、治疗8周后分别采用Gesell发育量表中的粗大运动能区、大肌肉动作发展量表第2版(Test of Gross Motor Development-Second Edition,TGMD-2)、Berg平衡量表得分进行评定。统计学方法采用t检验、χ^(2)检验。结果连续治疗8周后,观察组患儿粗大运动发育年龄高于对照组[(33.10±7.72)个月与(27.57±7.03)个月,t=-2.987,P=0.003)]。治疗8周后,观察组患儿位移技能得分、操控技能得分及总分均高于治疗前[(27.62±4.10)分与(25.07±4.03)分,(23.36±5.44)分与(21.24±3.81)分,(50.98±8.92)分与(46.31±6.92)分,t值分别为-5.951、-3.103、-4.978,P值均<0.05];对照组患儿治疗前后上述得分差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);治疗8周后,观察组患儿位移技能得分、操控技能得分及总分均高于对照组[(27.62±4.10)分与(25.51±2.58)分,(23.36±5.44)分与(21.56±2.33)分,(50.98±8.92)分与(47.07±3.65)分,t值分别为2.922、2.039、2.723,P值均<0.05]。治疗8周后,观察组患儿动态平衡得分、静态平衡得分及总分均高于治疗前[(26.80±2.07)分与(25.24±4.52)分,(17.22±1.95)分与(15.67±4.17)分,(44.02±3.43)分与(40.91±8.43)分,t值分别为-2.729、-2.842、-3.025,P值均<0.05];对照组患儿治疗前后上述得分差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);治疗8周后,观察组患儿动态平衡得分、静态平衡得分及总分均高于对照组[(26.80±2.07)分与(25.20±4.89)分,(17.22±1.95)分与(15.87±2.43)分,(44.02±3.43)分与(41.07±5.76)分,t值分别为2.020、2.919、2.957,P值均<0.05]。结论医体结合模式能有效提高智力发育障碍儿童的基本动作技能,改善平衡功能,促进运动发育,值得临床推广。
文摘Since estrogenic pollutants and phytoestrogens can cause the disorder of the reproductive system, the effects of a soybean milk product（Vegemil^（？） containing 162 ppm isoflavones） on the feto-neonatal development, including male reproductive function, were investigated. Pregnant rats were fed the soybean milk（5% or 100% in drinking water）from gestational day（GD） 6 to parturition or to post-natal day（PND） 56. Specifically, the rats were divided into 4 groups： the control group（drinking water）, the GD5% group（5% soybean milk during only the GD period）, the GDPND5% group（5% soybean milk during the GD and PND periods）, and the GD-PND100% group（100% soybean milk instead of water during the GD and PND periods）. During the gestational, lactational, and developmental periods, the reproductive and developmental parameters of dams and offspring were observed. Feeding soybean milk did not affect the birth and physical development of both male and female offspring. At PND57, the weights of the testes and epididymides of F1 males significantly increased by feeding a high concentration of the soybean milk（GDPND100%）. In addition, feeding of the soybean milk during both the GD and PND periods（GD-PND5% and GDPND100%） enhanced the sperm counts and motility. The results indicate that soybean milk is safe for embryos,fetuses, and offspring, and improves the post-generational development of male reproductive function.
文摘Objective: The aim of this study is to validate the Italian version of the Developmental Disability-Child Global Assessment Scale (DD-CGAS), a scale developed to assess global functioning in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs). Methods: Following the validation procedures used for the English version of the scale, inter-rater reliability, temporal stability and convergent validity were assessed in a group of 48 children with ASD and temporal stability in a subset of 42 subjects. Results: Inter-rater reliability and temporal stability (ICC) were respectively 0.78 and 0.79;effect size for convergent validity were moderate to large;the pre-post DD-CGAS change had an effect size of 0.59. Conclusions: The Italian version of the DD-CGAS is a reliable instrument for measuring global functioning of children with ASD.
文摘The prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays an important role in cognitive process related to executive function, but is also active during resting states. Quantifying prefrontal cortex activity during resting states provides a baseline for interpreting task-induced brain activity. Researchers commonly use resting conditions where participants are prompted to stare at a screen (eyes open) or close their eyes (eyes closed). Are these two conditions equivalent representations of a baseline resting state? Further, does prefrontal cortex activity during these conditions change as a function of development? The aim of this study was to examine differences in prefrontal cortex activity between eyes open and eyes closed conditions during resting states in children and adults to provide a rationale of proper selection of baseline condition in future research. Thirty-six participants in 3 age groups were recruited in this study including twenty-four adults, five 12 - 15 years old children, and seven 8 - 11 years old children. Relative changes in concentrations of oxygenated hemoglobin (Δoxy-Hb) and deoxygenated hemoglobin (Δdeoxy-Hb) were obtained by using functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) in eyes closed (EC) and eyes open (EO) conditions, 3 minutes each. Contrasts were tested to compare the differences of Δoxy-Hb and Δdeoxy-Hb between eyes open and eyes closed conditions. The EC condition had significantly higher Δoxy-Hb than EO when all groups were combined (t (17.268) = 3.021, p = .008, Cohen’s d = –0.72). When comparing Δoxy-Hb between eyes conditions within each group, the younger group had significantly higher Δoxy-Hb in EC than EO (t (9.459) = 2.734, p = 0.022, Cohen’s d = –1.46). Based on these results, the EO condition may be a better baseline condition, particularly in studies with younger children, since it has less activity in the PFC that could interfere with interpretations of task-induced activity.
