Interdisciplinary learning is the core feature of STEM education.Interdisciplinary course and the cultivation of comprehensive practical ability have become one of the hot spots in today’s educational reform.The prac...Interdisciplinary learning is the core feature of STEM education.Interdisciplinary course and the cultivation of comprehensive practical ability have become one of the hot spots in today’s educational reform.The practical approach of STEM education points to the comprehensive application of interdisciplinary knowledge.Based on STEM,this paper adopts the teaching mode based on STEM to design the framework of STEM interdisciplinary project-based teaching activities,which is applied in the course of“Primary School Information Technology Activities and Competition Topics”to lay a foundation for cultivating interdisciplinary excellent primary school general teachers with“integration of specialties and abilities”.展开更多
This study explores the lasting relevance of Confucian filial piety in Chinese culture that promotes individual self-cultivation, family harmony, and social stability. The Understanding by Design (UbD) framework is pr...This study explores the lasting relevance of Confucian filial piety in Chinese culture that promotes individual self-cultivation, family harmony, and social stability. The Understanding by Design (UbD) framework is proposed as an effective approach for teaching Confucius’ wisdom and the reinforcement of the cognitive, affective and psychomotor learning outcomes. This approach emphasizes “backward design” which prioritizes meaningful understanding over memorization. Integrating filial piety into the UbD framework enhances students’ understanding of its philosophical foundations and modern significance, while also strengthening their intercultural communication skills. The study concludes that UbD approach develops language skills and cultural sensitivity, encouraging insights into the dynamic nature of cultural values. The meaningful outcomes through integrating the approach into filial piety curriculum design can support students’ development of self-awareness, empathy, and ethical maturity, which foster values essential for ethical leadership and community-oriented responsibilities.展开更多
Polymer flooding is a widely used technique in enhanced oil recovery (EOR),but its effectiveness is often hindered by the poor viscosity retention of conventional polymers like hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) under h...Polymer flooding is a widely used technique in enhanced oil recovery (EOR),but its effectiveness is often hindered by the poor viscosity retention of conventional polymers like hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) under high-salinity conditions.Although recent advances in molecular engineering have concentrated on modifying polymer architecture and functional groups to address this issue,the complex interplay among polymer topology,charge distribution and hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance renders rational molecular design challenging.In this work,we present an AI-driven inverse design framework that directly maps target viscosity performance back to optimal molecular structures.Guided by practical molecular design strategies,the topological features (grafting density,side-chain length) and functional group-related features(copolymerization ratio,hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance) are encoded into a multidimensional design space.By integrating dissipative particle dynamics simulations with particle swarm algorithm,the framework efficiently explores the design space and identifies non-intuitive,high-performing polymer structure.The optimized polymer achieves a 12%enhancement in viscosity,attributed to the synergistic effect of electrostatic chain extension and hydrophobic aggregation.This study demonstrates the promise of AI-guided inverse design for developing next-generation EOR polymers and provides a generalizable approach for the discovery of functional soft materials.展开更多
In this paper, an educational game based on the gravitation curriculum is designed by reviewing the research on the framework of game design. The game mechanism is evaluated by using the "Think Aloud Protocol&quo...In this paper, an educational game based on the gravitation curriculum is designed by reviewing the research on the framework of game design. The game mechanism is evaluated by using the "Think Aloud Protocol", aiming to explore the way of integrating disciplinary knowledge and game mechanism, providing new insights for the field of educational game design.展开更多
Treating plant dynamics as an ideal integrator chain disturbed by the total disturbance is the hallmark of active disturbance rejection control(ADRC).To interpret its effectiveness and success,to explain why so many v...Treating plant dynamics as an ideal integrator chain disturbed by the total disturbance is the hallmark of active disturbance rejection control(ADRC).To interpret its effectiveness and success,to explain why so many vastly different dynamic systems can be treated in this manner,and to answer why a detailed,accurate,and global mathematical model is unnecessary,is the target of this paper.Driven by a motivating example,the notions of normality and locality are introduced.Normality shows that,in ADRC,the plant is normalized to an integrator chain,which is called local nominal model and locally describes the plant’s frequency response in the neighborhood of the expected gain crossover frequency.Locality interprets why ADRC can design the controller only with the local information of the plant.With normality and locality,ADRC can be effective and robust,and obtain operational stability discussed by T.S.Tsien.Then viewing proportional-integral-derivative(PID)control as a low-frequency approximation of second-order linear ADRC,the above results are extended to PID control.A controller design framework is proposed to obtain the controller in three steps:(1)choose an integrator chain as the local nominal model of the plant;(2)select a controller family corresponding to the local nominal model;and(3)tune the controller to guarantee the gain crossover frequency specification.The second-order linear ADRC and the PID control are two special cases of the framework.展开更多
Aiming to maximize the aerodynamic performance of the Distributed Electric Propulsion(DEP)aircraft,a hybrid design framework which focuses on the aerodynamic performance of the propeller/wing integration has been deve...Aiming to maximize the aerodynamic performance of the Distributed Electric Propulsion(DEP)aircraft,a hybrid design framework which focuses on the aerodynamic performance of the propeller/wing integration has been developed and validated numerically.Variable-fidelity modelling for propeller aerodynamics has been used to achieve computational efficiency with reasonable accuracy.By optimizing the aerodynamic loading distributions on the tractor propeller disk,the induced slipstream is redistributed into a form that is beneficial for the wing downstream,based on which the propeller blade geometry is generated through a rapid inversed design procedure.As compared with the Minimum Induced Loss(MIL)propeller at a specified thrust level,significant improvements of both the lift-to-drag ratio of the wing and the propeller/wing integrated aerodynamic efficiency is achieved,which shows great promise to deliver aerodynamic benefits for the wing within the propeller slipstream without any additional devices.展开更多
In order to decisively determine the adsorption selectivity of zirconium MOF(UiO-66) towards anionic versus cationic species, the adsorptive removal of the anionic dyes(Alizarin Red S.(ARS), Eosin(E), Fuchsin Acid(FA)...In order to decisively determine the adsorption selectivity of zirconium MOF(UiO-66) towards anionic versus cationic species, the adsorptive removal of the anionic dyes(Alizarin Red S.(ARS), Eosin(E), Fuchsin Acid(FA)and Methyl Orange(MO)) and the cationic dyes(Neutral Red(NR), Fuchsin Basic(FB), Methylene Blue(MB),and Safranine T(ST)) has been evaluated. The results clearly reveal a significant selectivity towards anionic dyes. Such an observation agrees with a plethora of reports of UiO-66 superior affinity towards other anionic species(Floride, PO_4^(3-), Diclofenac sodium, Methylchlorophenoxy-propionic acid, Phenols, CrO_4^(2-), SeO_3^(2-), and AsO_4^-). The adsorption process of ARS as an example has been optimized using the central composite design(CCD). The resultant statistical model indicates a crucial effect of both pH and sorbent mass. The optimum conditions were determined to be initial dye concentration 11.82 mg.L^(-1), adsorbent amount 0.0248 g, shaking time of 36 min and pH 2. The adsorption process proceeds via pseudo-second order kinetics(R^2= 0.999). The equilibrium data were fit to Langmuir and Tempkin models(R^2= 0.999 and 0.997 respectively). The results reveal an exceptional removal for the anionic dye(Alizarin Red S.) with a record adsorption capacity of400 mg·g^(-1). The significantly high adsorption capacity of UiO-66 towards ARS adds further evidence to the recently reported exceptional performance of MOFs in pollutants removal from water.展开更多
Aircraft final assembly line(AFAL)involves thousands of processes that must be completed before delivery.However,the heavy reliance on manual labor in most assembly processes affects the quality and prolongs the deliv...Aircraft final assembly line(AFAL)involves thousands of processes that must be completed before delivery.However,the heavy reliance on manual labor in most assembly processes affects the quality and prolongs the delivery time.While the advent of artificial intelligence of things(AIoT)technologies has introduced advancements in certain AFAL scenarios,systematically enhancing the intelligence level of the AFAL and promoting the widespread deployment of artificial intelligence(AI)technologies remain significant challenges.To address these challenges,we propose the intelligent and collaborative aircraft assembly(ICAA)framework,which integrates AI technologies within a cloud-edge-terminal architecture.The ICAA framework is designed to support AI-enabled applications in the AFAL,with the goal of improving assembly efficiency at both individual and multiple process levels.We analyze specific demands across various assembly scenarios and introduce corresponding AI technologies to meet these demands.The three-tier ICAA framework consists of the assembly field,edge data platform,and assembly cloud platform,facilitating the collection of heterogeneous terminal data and the deployment of AI technologies.The framework enhances assembly efficiency by reducing reliance on manual labor for individual processes and fostering collaboration across multiple processes.We provide detailed descriptions of how AI functions at each level of the framework.Furthermore,we apply the ICAA framework to a real AFAL,focusing explicitly on the flight control system testing process.This practical implementation demonstrates the effectiveness of the framework in improving assembly efficiency and promoting the adoption of AIoT technologies.展开更多
One important experience from China's macroeconomic governance is the phased formulation and implementation of scientifically sound,carefully crafted medium-term plans,all under the overarching framework design of...One important experience from China's macroeconomic governance is the phased formulation and implementation of scientifically sound,carefully crafted medium-term plans,all under the overarching framework design of the Chinese modernization drive.This approach aims to accomplish phased tasks of economic and social development,to address uncertainties with certainty,and to systematically achieve the national development strategy goals.Practice has proven that this constitutes a successful pathway for China's peaceful development.展开更多
Robotic surgery is one of the most recent technologies in healthcare building field.Due to the design complexity of Robotic surgery wards,computational implementations are being developed to either measure the effect ...Robotic surgery is one of the most recent technologies in healthcare building field.Due to the design complexity of Robotic surgery wards,computational implementations are being developed to either measure the effect of inserting advanced technologies as Electronic medical recorders and tele surgery,or evaluate design alternatives on healthcare building.This paper presents a design framework that responds to the need for coordinating design phases for Robotic Surgery Wards(RSWs)computationally.This proposed design framework for RSWs can generate functional RSW alternatives and more than one solution for each alternative.The framework has been structured based on the main architectural considerations of RSWs which are geom etric and topological,the economic considerations,specific developed pools for shape and corridor patterns,and the theory of,fShape Grammars"has been utilized to compute the framework to generate a vast number of design alternatives.Accordingly,a computational implementation has been established to assist designers in early design stages.Numerical validation for the applications of the developed framework and implementation has been conducted by using reference examples of RSWs.The main finding in this paper is providing healthcare building designers with a computational implementation that generates RSW alternative computationally based on specific shape and cost levels.展开更多
Artificial intelligence technology, mainly refers to strengthening the artificial way, so as to combinecomputer technology with product design. Firstly, the auxiliary innovation of bathroomproducts based on artificial...Artificial intelligence technology, mainly refers to strengthening the artificial way, so as to combinecomputer technology with product design. Firstly, the auxiliary innovation of bathroomproducts based on artificial intelligence technology is proposed, then the user characteristicsare analysed, and the auxiliary design framework of bathroom products is designed. Finally, theinnovation model is established to realise the auxiliary innovation design of bathroom products.Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the interactionefficiency and response time, and reduce the false response.展开更多
Biochar(BC)and nanoparticle-decorated biochar(NPs@BC)have emerged as potential high-performance function materials to facilitate simultaneous soil remediation and agricultural production.Therefore,there is an urgent n...Biochar(BC)and nanoparticle-decorated biochar(NPs@BC)have emerged as potential high-performance function materials to facilitate simultaneous soil remediation and agricultural production.Therefore,there is an urgent need to incorporate environmental sustainability and human health targets into BC and NPs@BC selection and design processes.In contrast to extensive research on the preparation,modification,and environmental application of BC to soil ecosystems,reports about the adapted framework and material selection strategy of NPs@BC under environmental and human health considerations are still limited.Nevertheless,few studies systematically explored the impact of NPs@BC on soil ecosystems,including soil biota,geochemical properties,and nutrient cycles,which are critical for largescale utilization as a multifunctional product.The main objective of this systematic literature review is to show the high degrees of contaminant removal for different heavy metals and organic pollutants,and to quantify the economic,environmental,and toxicological outcomes of NPs@BC in the context of sustainable agriculture.To address this need,in this review,we summarized synthesis techniques and characterization,and highlighted a linkage between the evolution of NPs@BC properties with the framework for sustainable NPs@BC selection and design based on environmental effects,hazards,and economic considerations.Then,research advances in contaminant remediation for heavy metals and organic pollutants of NPs@BC are minutely discussed.Eventually,NPs@BC positively acts on sustainable agriculture,which is declared.In the meantime,evaluating from the perspective of plant growth,soil characterizations as well as carbon and nitrogen cycle was conducted,which is critical for comprehending the NPs@BC environmental sustainability.Our work may develop a potential framework that can inform decision-making for the use of NPs@BC to facilitate promising environmental applications and prevent unintended consequences,and is expected to guide and boost the development of highly efficient NPs@BC for sustainable agriculture and environmental applications.展开更多
The underlying vision of the Digital Earth(DE)calls for applications that can embed vast quantities of geo-referenced data and allow users to study and analyse of our planet.Since the declaration of this vision in the...The underlying vision of the Digital Earth(DE)calls for applications that can embed vast quantities of geo-referenced data and allow users to study and analyse of our planet.Since the declaration of this vision in the late 90s,a significant number of DE data-sets have been created by the industry,governments,non-governmental organisations and individuals.An overwhelming majority of the successful applications that use DE data-sets has its end-user applications running on the desktop.While these applications are great tools,they remain inaccessible to the community as a whole.In this paper,we present a framework for the development of cyber-applications.We define an abstract architecture for cyber-applications based on the model-view-controller paradigm,which allows the dynamic inclusion of functional and data components into its execution engine at run-time.We define the operational characteristics of cyber-applica-tions.We also specify the interface of pluggable components to the architecture.Finally,we demonstrate the appropriateness of the abstract architecture by means of a case study.展开更多
Cyber-physical systems(CPSs)in critical infrastructure face serious threats of attack,motivating research into a wide variety of defence mechanisms such as those that monitor for violations of invariants,i.e.logical p...Cyber-physical systems(CPSs)in critical infrastructure face serious threats of attack,motivating research into a wide variety of defence mechanisms such as those that monitor for violations of invariants,i.e.logical properties over sensor and actuator states that should always be true.Many approaches for identifying invariants attempt to do so automatically,typically using data logs,but these can miss valid system properties if relevant behaviours are not well-represented in the data.Furthermore,as the CPS is already built,resolving any design flaws or weak points identified through this process is costly.In this paper,we propose a systematic method for deriving invariants from an analysis of a CPS design,based on principles of the axiomatic design methodology from design science.Our method iteratively decomposes a high-level CPS design to identify sets of dependent design parameters(i.e.sensors and actuators),allowing for invariants and invariant checkers to be derived in parallel to the implementation of the system.We apply our method to the designs of two CPS testbeds,SWaT and WADI,deriving a suite of invariant checkers that are able to detect a variety of single-and multi-stage attacks without any false positives.Finally,we reflect on the strengths and weaknesses of our approach,how it can be complemented by other defence mechanisms,and how it could help engineers to identify and resolve weak points in a design before the controllers of a CPS are implemented.展开更多
基金Exploration and Practice of Interdisciplinary Teaching Mode in the Course of Information Technology Activities and Competition in Primary Schools,BUU,JJ2021Z001。
文摘Interdisciplinary learning is the core feature of STEM education.Interdisciplinary course and the cultivation of comprehensive practical ability have become one of the hot spots in today’s educational reform.The practical approach of STEM education points to the comprehensive application of interdisciplinary knowledge.Based on STEM,this paper adopts the teaching mode based on STEM to design the framework of STEM interdisciplinary project-based teaching activities,which is applied in the course of“Primary School Information Technology Activities and Competition Topics”to lay a foundation for cultivating interdisciplinary excellent primary school general teachers with“integration of specialties and abilities”.
基金funded by Project: 2022 Guangdong Provincial Higher Education Teaching Quality and Reform Project--Research and Practice of English Teaching Integrating Ideological and Political Education into the “Introduction of Chinese Culture” Course based on UbD Theory.
文摘This study explores the lasting relevance of Confucian filial piety in Chinese culture that promotes individual self-cultivation, family harmony, and social stability. The Understanding by Design (UbD) framework is proposed as an effective approach for teaching Confucius’ wisdom and the reinforcement of the cognitive, affective and psychomotor learning outcomes. This approach emphasizes “backward design” which prioritizes meaningful understanding over memorization. Integrating filial piety into the UbD framework enhances students’ understanding of its philosophical foundations and modern significance, while also strengthening their intercultural communication skills. The study concludes that UbD approach develops language skills and cultural sensitivity, encouraging insights into the dynamic nature of cultural values. The meaningful outcomes through integrating the approach into filial piety curriculum design can support students’ development of self-awareness, empathy, and ethical maturity, which foster values essential for ethical leadership and community-oriented responsibilities.
基金supported by the Key Technologies R&D Program of China National Offshore Oil Corporation(No.KJGG2021-0504).
文摘Polymer flooding is a widely used technique in enhanced oil recovery (EOR),but its effectiveness is often hindered by the poor viscosity retention of conventional polymers like hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) under high-salinity conditions.Although recent advances in molecular engineering have concentrated on modifying polymer architecture and functional groups to address this issue,the complex interplay among polymer topology,charge distribution and hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance renders rational molecular design challenging.In this work,we present an AI-driven inverse design framework that directly maps target viscosity performance back to optimal molecular structures.Guided by practical molecular design strategies,the topological features (grafting density,side-chain length) and functional group-related features(copolymerization ratio,hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance) are encoded into a multidimensional design space.By integrating dissipative particle dynamics simulations with particle swarm algorithm,the framework efficiently explores the design space and identifies non-intuitive,high-performing polymer structure.The optimized polymer achieves a 12%enhancement in viscosity,attributed to the synergistic effect of electrostatic chain extension and hydrophobic aggregation.This study demonstrates the promise of AI-guided inverse design for developing next-generation EOR polymers and provides a generalizable approach for the discovery of functional soft materials.
文摘In this paper, an educational game based on the gravitation curriculum is designed by reviewing the research on the framework of game design. The game mechanism is evaluated by using the "Think Aloud Protocol", aiming to explore the way of integrating disciplinary knowledge and game mechanism, providing new insights for the field of educational game design.
基金This work was supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61733017).
文摘Treating plant dynamics as an ideal integrator chain disturbed by the total disturbance is the hallmark of active disturbance rejection control(ADRC).To interpret its effectiveness and success,to explain why so many vastly different dynamic systems can be treated in this manner,and to answer why a detailed,accurate,and global mathematical model is unnecessary,is the target of this paper.Driven by a motivating example,the notions of normality and locality are introduced.Normality shows that,in ADRC,the plant is normalized to an integrator chain,which is called local nominal model and locally describes the plant’s frequency response in the neighborhood of the expected gain crossover frequency.Locality interprets why ADRC can design the controller only with the local information of the plant.With normality and locality,ADRC can be effective and robust,and obtain operational stability discussed by T.S.Tsien.Then viewing proportional-integral-derivative(PID)control as a low-frequency approximation of second-order linear ADRC,the above results are extended to PID control.A controller design framework is proposed to obtain the controller in three steps:(1)choose an integrator chain as the local nominal model of the plant;(2)select a controller family corresponding to the local nominal model;and(3)tune the controller to guarantee the gain crossover frequency specification.The second-order linear ADRC and the PID control are two special cases of the framework.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province of China(No.2018ZDCXL-GY-03-04)。
文摘Aiming to maximize the aerodynamic performance of the Distributed Electric Propulsion(DEP)aircraft,a hybrid design framework which focuses on the aerodynamic performance of the propeller/wing integration has been developed and validated numerically.Variable-fidelity modelling for propeller aerodynamics has been used to achieve computational efficiency with reasonable accuracy.By optimizing the aerodynamic loading distributions on the tractor propeller disk,the induced slipstream is redistributed into a form that is beneficial for the wing downstream,based on which the propeller blade geometry is generated through a rapid inversed design procedure.As compared with the Minimum Induced Loss(MIL)propeller at a specified thrust level,significant improvements of both the lift-to-drag ratio of the wing and the propeller/wing integrated aerodynamic efficiency is achieved,which shows great promise to deliver aerodynamic benefits for the wing within the propeller slipstream without any additional devices.
文摘In order to decisively determine the adsorption selectivity of zirconium MOF(UiO-66) towards anionic versus cationic species, the adsorptive removal of the anionic dyes(Alizarin Red S.(ARS), Eosin(E), Fuchsin Acid(FA)and Methyl Orange(MO)) and the cationic dyes(Neutral Red(NR), Fuchsin Basic(FB), Methylene Blue(MB),and Safranine T(ST)) has been evaluated. The results clearly reveal a significant selectivity towards anionic dyes. Such an observation agrees with a plethora of reports of UiO-66 superior affinity towards other anionic species(Floride, PO_4^(3-), Diclofenac sodium, Methylchlorophenoxy-propionic acid, Phenols, CrO_4^(2-), SeO_3^(2-), and AsO_4^-). The adsorption process of ARS as an example has been optimized using the central composite design(CCD). The resultant statistical model indicates a crucial effect of both pH and sorbent mass. The optimum conditions were determined to be initial dye concentration 11.82 mg.L^(-1), adsorbent amount 0.0248 g, shaking time of 36 min and pH 2. The adsorption process proceeds via pseudo-second order kinetics(R^2= 0.999). The equilibrium data were fit to Langmuir and Tempkin models(R^2= 0.999 and 0.997 respectively). The results reveal an exceptional removal for the anionic dye(Alizarin Red S.) with a record adsorption capacity of400 mg·g^(-1). The significantly high adsorption capacity of UiO-66 towards ARS adds further evidence to the recently reported exceptional performance of MOFs in pollutants removal from water.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 92167205,61933009,62025305,and 62103268.
文摘Aircraft final assembly line(AFAL)involves thousands of processes that must be completed before delivery.However,the heavy reliance on manual labor in most assembly processes affects the quality and prolongs the delivery time.While the advent of artificial intelligence of things(AIoT)technologies has introduced advancements in certain AFAL scenarios,systematically enhancing the intelligence level of the AFAL and promoting the widespread deployment of artificial intelligence(AI)technologies remain significant challenges.To address these challenges,we propose the intelligent and collaborative aircraft assembly(ICAA)framework,which integrates AI technologies within a cloud-edge-terminal architecture.The ICAA framework is designed to support AI-enabled applications in the AFAL,with the goal of improving assembly efficiency at both individual and multiple process levels.We analyze specific demands across various assembly scenarios and introduce corresponding AI technologies to meet these demands.The three-tier ICAA framework consists of the assembly field,edge data platform,and assembly cloud platform,facilitating the collection of heterogeneous terminal data and the deployment of AI technologies.The framework enhances assembly efficiency by reducing reliance on manual labor for individual processes and fostering collaboration across multiple processes.We provide detailed descriptions of how AI functions at each level of the framework.Furthermore,we apply the ICAA framework to a real AFAL,focusing explicitly on the flight control system testing process.This practical implementation demonstrates the effectiveness of the framework in improving assembly efficiency and promoting the adoption of AIoT technologies.
文摘One important experience from China's macroeconomic governance is the phased formulation and implementation of scientifically sound,carefully crafted medium-term plans,all under the overarching framework design of the Chinese modernization drive.This approach aims to accomplish phased tasks of economic and social development,to address uncertainties with certainty,and to systematically achieve the national development strategy goals.Practice has proven that this constitutes a successful pathway for China's peaceful development.
文摘Robotic surgery is one of the most recent technologies in healthcare building field.Due to the design complexity of Robotic surgery wards,computational implementations are being developed to either measure the effect of inserting advanced technologies as Electronic medical recorders and tele surgery,or evaluate design alternatives on healthcare building.This paper presents a design framework that responds to the need for coordinating design phases for Robotic Surgery Wards(RSWs)computationally.This proposed design framework for RSWs can generate functional RSW alternatives and more than one solution for each alternative.The framework has been structured based on the main architectural considerations of RSWs which are geom etric and topological,the economic considerations,specific developed pools for shape and corridor patterns,and the theory of,fShape Grammars"has been utilized to compute the framework to generate a vast number of design alternatives.Accordingly,a computational implementation has been established to assist designers in early design stages.Numerical validation for the applications of the developed framework and implementation has been conducted by using reference examples of RSWs.The main finding in this paper is providing healthcare building designers with a computational implementation that generates RSW alternative computationally based on specific shape and cost levels.
基金the 2022 first phase of the supply and demand docking employment education project of the Ministry of Education College Students Division,project number:20220104052,project name:Research and Practice on Talent Training Model for New Engineering Design Professionals Based on Interdisciplinary and Integration of Industry and EducationThe second batch of industryuniversity cooperative education projects in 2021 of the Higher Education Department of the Ministry of Education,project number:202102321010,project name:Exploration and practice of new engineering product design specialty construction based on multidisciplinary intersection andindustry-education integration.
文摘Artificial intelligence technology, mainly refers to strengthening the artificial way, so as to combinecomputer technology with product design. Firstly, the auxiliary innovation of bathroomproducts based on artificial intelligence technology is proposed, then the user characteristicsare analysed, and the auxiliary design framework of bathroom products is designed. Finally, theinnovation model is established to realise the auxiliary innovation design of bathroom products.Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the interactionefficiency and response time, and reduce the false response.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(NO.42107306,U1906222)Fellowship of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(NO.2020M680867)+1 种基金National Key Research and Development Project(NO.2019YFC1804104)Ministry of Education,People’s Republic of China as a 111 program(NO.T2017002).
文摘Biochar(BC)and nanoparticle-decorated biochar(NPs@BC)have emerged as potential high-performance function materials to facilitate simultaneous soil remediation and agricultural production.Therefore,there is an urgent need to incorporate environmental sustainability and human health targets into BC and NPs@BC selection and design processes.In contrast to extensive research on the preparation,modification,and environmental application of BC to soil ecosystems,reports about the adapted framework and material selection strategy of NPs@BC under environmental and human health considerations are still limited.Nevertheless,few studies systematically explored the impact of NPs@BC on soil ecosystems,including soil biota,geochemical properties,and nutrient cycles,which are critical for largescale utilization as a multifunctional product.The main objective of this systematic literature review is to show the high degrees of contaminant removal for different heavy metals and organic pollutants,and to quantify the economic,environmental,and toxicological outcomes of NPs@BC in the context of sustainable agriculture.To address this need,in this review,we summarized synthesis techniques and characterization,and highlighted a linkage between the evolution of NPs@BC properties with the framework for sustainable NPs@BC selection and design based on environmental effects,hazards,and economic considerations.Then,research advances in contaminant remediation for heavy metals and organic pollutants of NPs@BC are minutely discussed.Eventually,NPs@BC positively acts on sustainable agriculture,which is declared.In the meantime,evaluating from the perspective of plant growth,soil characterizations as well as carbon and nitrogen cycle was conducted,which is critical for comprehending the NPs@BC environmental sustainability.Our work may develop a potential framework that can inform decision-making for the use of NPs@BC to facilitate promising environmental applications and prevent unintended consequences,and is expected to guide and boost the development of highly efficient NPs@BC for sustainable agriculture and environmental applications.
文摘The underlying vision of the Digital Earth(DE)calls for applications that can embed vast quantities of geo-referenced data and allow users to study and analyse of our planet.Since the declaration of this vision in the late 90s,a significant number of DE data-sets have been created by the industry,governments,non-governmental organisations and individuals.An overwhelming majority of the successful applications that use DE data-sets has its end-user applications running on the desktop.While these applications are great tools,they remain inaccessible to the community as a whole.In this paper,we present a framework for the development of cyber-applications.We define an abstract architecture for cyber-applications based on the model-view-controller paradigm,which allows the dynamic inclusion of functional and data components into its execution engine at run-time.We define the operational characteristics of cyber-applica-tions.We also specify the interface of pluggable components to the architecture.Finally,we demonstrate the appropriateness of the abstract architecture by means of a case study.
基金the National Research Foundation,Singapore,under its National Satellite of Excellence Programme“Design Science and Technology for Secure Critical Infrastructure”(Award Number:NSoE DeST-SCI2019-0004).
文摘Cyber-physical systems(CPSs)in critical infrastructure face serious threats of attack,motivating research into a wide variety of defence mechanisms such as those that monitor for violations of invariants,i.e.logical properties over sensor and actuator states that should always be true.Many approaches for identifying invariants attempt to do so automatically,typically using data logs,but these can miss valid system properties if relevant behaviours are not well-represented in the data.Furthermore,as the CPS is already built,resolving any design flaws or weak points identified through this process is costly.In this paper,we propose a systematic method for deriving invariants from an analysis of a CPS design,based on principles of the axiomatic design methodology from design science.Our method iteratively decomposes a high-level CPS design to identify sets of dependent design parameters(i.e.sensors and actuators),allowing for invariants and invariant checkers to be derived in parallel to the implementation of the system.We apply our method to the designs of two CPS testbeds,SWaT and WADI,deriving a suite of invariant checkers that are able to detect a variety of single-and multi-stage attacks without any false positives.Finally,we reflect on the strengths and weaknesses of our approach,how it can be complemented by other defence mechanisms,and how it could help engineers to identify and resolve weak points in a design before the controllers of a CPS are implemented.
