Diabetic foot(DF)has emerged as one of the most common chronic consequences of diabetes mellitus,characterized by prolonged disease duration,high treatment costs,a poor prognosis,and a high disability rate.Diabetic hi...Diabetic foot(DF)has emerged as one of the most common chronic consequences of diabetes mellitus,characterized by prolonged disease duration,high treatment costs,a poor prognosis,and a high disability rate.Diabetic high-risk foot is the early stage of diabetic foot,the“disease prevention”of“treating no disease”,which provides a critical window for clinical prevention and treatment.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has emphasized the importance of preventive health care since ancient times.External therapies such as acupuncture,massage,acupoint injection,foot bath fumigation,and moxibustion have the advantages of simplicity,low cost,precise efficacy,and fewer side effects in preventing and treating diabetic high-risk foot.The multidisciplinary synergistic model formed by TCM complementary therapies and modern medical treatments,such as nutritional,peripheral nerve,and blood glucose regulation,provides new ideas for establishing standardized prevention and treatment protocols.In this paper,studies related to TCM-related complementary therapies for diabetic high-risk feet are systematically reviewed.Current advances in external application in TCM were described to better understand its effectiveness and safety in elderly patients.展开更多
A detective method of a negative corona discharge by means of an external electrode is presented. The relationship between an area of the external electrode and a detected voltage waveform is examined experimentally. ...A detective method of a negative corona discharge by means of an external electrode is presented. The relationship between an area of the external electrode and a detected voltage waveform is examined experimentally. This experimental study is carried out with the use of a rod-plane air gap. The results obtained will be applicable to problems associated with silos, ducts, and high-voltage equipment.展开更多
Accurate chemical shifts of hydrogen atoms in CH groups are difficult to obtain. To solve this problem, relative chemical shifts are introduced. Internal and external standard methods were used to measure the chemical...Accurate chemical shifts of hydrogen atoms in CH groups are difficult to obtain. To solve this problem, relative chemical shifts are introduced. Internal and external standard methods were used to measure the chemical shifts in a whole-concentration of N-methylacetamide- water system. Determination of the chemical shifts of hydrogen atoms, especially those of CH groups, according to the two methods yielded significant differences. Relative chemical shifts were proven to be independent of the reference and may be applied to other systems.展开更多
Via multi-dimensional gas chromatography, configured with parallel dual-channel, double detectors, valves switching and back flushing, rapid analysis of the gas compositions consisting of C1-C5 hydrocarbons and perman...Via multi-dimensional gas chromatography, configured with parallel dual-channel, double detectors, valves switching and back flushing, rapid analysis of the gas compositions consisting of C1-C5 hydrocarbons and permanent gases, such as CO2, H2S, H2, and CO, for direct coal liquefaction has been realized. With four packed chromatographic columns, which are Hayesep-Q pre-column, Hayesep-Q column, molecular sieve 5A column and one PLOT A1203 S capillary column, the gas compositions for direct coal liquefaction are analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by the external standard method. The determination method has such advantages as excellent separation, simple operation, rapid analysis and accurate results.展开更多
Objective: to establish multi-components by single marker (QAMS) and HPlC method for the determination of four substances (R, S) - Epigoitrin, Vitexicarpin, Indirubin and Artemisetin and to provide experimental basis ...Objective: to establish multi-components by single marker (QAMS) and HPlC method for the determination of four substances (R, S) - Epigoitrin, Vitexicarpin, Indirubin and Artemisetin and to provide experimental basis for the quality standard of Compound Yizhihao Granules. Methods: the sample treatment method was improved, and HPLC external standard method was established for the determination of four substances in Compound Yizhihao Granules. The chromatographic column was Wondersil C18 (4.6mm×250mm, 5μm), the flow rate was 1.0mL/min, the check wavelength was 245nm, the column temperature was 30℃, the sample was 20 μL, the mobile phase was acetonitrile-water. The relative correction factors (RCF) of (R, S) - Epigoitrin, Vitexicarpin, Artemisetin were determined with Indirubin as internal reference. The RCF was used to calculate the content of the substance under test, and then the content of the substance under test was determined by the external standard method to verify the feasibility of the multi-components by single marker. Results: the treatment method of the test sample was as follows: solid-liquid ratio was 1:5. Ultrasound was 45 min, trichloromethane extraction, and steam dry concentration with methanol constant volume. The results showed that the good linear ranges of (R, S) - Epigoitrin, Vitexicarpin, Indirubin and Artemisetin were 5.15-103 μ g / mL, 5.005-100.1 μ g / mL, 0.5-10 μ g / mL and 0.5115-10.23 μ g / mL, respectively. The average recoveries were 95.19%, 95.73%, 90.75%, 91.65%. The relative correction factors (RCF) of (R, S) - Epigoitrin, Vitexicarpin, Artemisetin were determined with Indirubin as internal reference was 0.2%, 0.6% and 0.3%. And the relative error of multi-components by single marker and external standard method was less than 1%. Conclusion: the multi-components by single marker method (QAMS) is simple, stable and can be used for the determination of multiple substances in Compound Yizhihao Granules.展开更多
Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D)with diarrhea is a common gastrointestinal functional disease in clinical practice,which seriously affects the quality of life of patients.Cur‐rently,Western medicine has poor therapeut...Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D)with diarrhea is a common gastrointestinal functional disease in clinical practice,which seriously affects the quality of life of patients.Cur‐rently,Western medicine has poor therapeutic effects,while traditional Chinese medi‐cine has unique advantages in relieving IBS-D symptoms and preventing recurrence.In recent years,especially with external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine,it has become a new treatment direction in clinical practice and has achieved good therapeutic effects.This article will provide a review of recent research on the treatment of IBS-D using traditional Chinese medicine external treatment methods.展开更多
文摘Diabetic foot(DF)has emerged as one of the most common chronic consequences of diabetes mellitus,characterized by prolonged disease duration,high treatment costs,a poor prognosis,and a high disability rate.Diabetic high-risk foot is the early stage of diabetic foot,the“disease prevention”of“treating no disease”,which provides a critical window for clinical prevention and treatment.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has emphasized the importance of preventive health care since ancient times.External therapies such as acupuncture,massage,acupoint injection,foot bath fumigation,and moxibustion have the advantages of simplicity,low cost,precise efficacy,and fewer side effects in preventing and treating diabetic high-risk foot.The multidisciplinary synergistic model formed by TCM complementary therapies and modern medical treatments,such as nutritional,peripheral nerve,and blood glucose regulation,provides new ideas for establishing standardized prevention and treatment protocols.In this paper,studies related to TCM-related complementary therapies for diabetic high-risk feet are systematically reviewed.Current advances in external application in TCM were described to better understand its effectiveness and safety in elderly patients.
文摘A detective method of a negative corona discharge by means of an external electrode is presented. The relationship between an area of the external electrode and a detected voltage waveform is examined experimentally. This experimental study is carried out with the use of a rod-plane air gap. The results obtained will be applicable to problems associated with silos, ducts, and high-voltage equipment.
基金ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.20903026）, the Talents Introduction Foundation for Universities of Guangdong Province （No.2011）, Scientific Research Foundation of the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China （No.S2011010002483）, and Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou （No.2013J4100071）.
文摘Accurate chemical shifts of hydrogen atoms in CH groups are difficult to obtain. To solve this problem, relative chemical shifts are introduced. Internal and external standard methods were used to measure the chemical shifts in a whole-concentration of N-methylacetamide- water system. Determination of the chemical shifts of hydrogen atoms, especially those of CH groups, according to the two methods yielded significant differences. Relative chemical shifts were proven to be independent of the reference and may be applied to other systems.
文摘Via multi-dimensional gas chromatography, configured with parallel dual-channel, double detectors, valves switching and back flushing, rapid analysis of the gas compositions consisting of C1-C5 hydrocarbons and permanent gases, such as CO2, H2S, H2, and CO, for direct coal liquefaction has been realized. With four packed chromatographic columns, which are Hayesep-Q pre-column, Hayesep-Q column, molecular sieve 5A column and one PLOT A1203 S capillary column, the gas compositions for direct coal liquefaction are analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by the external standard method. The determination method has such advantages as excellent separation, simple operation, rapid analysis and accurate results.
文摘Objective: to establish multi-components by single marker (QAMS) and HPlC method for the determination of four substances (R, S) - Epigoitrin, Vitexicarpin, Indirubin and Artemisetin and to provide experimental basis for the quality standard of Compound Yizhihao Granules. Methods: the sample treatment method was improved, and HPLC external standard method was established for the determination of four substances in Compound Yizhihao Granules. The chromatographic column was Wondersil C18 (4.6mm×250mm, 5μm), the flow rate was 1.0mL/min, the check wavelength was 245nm, the column temperature was 30℃, the sample was 20 μL, the mobile phase was acetonitrile-water. The relative correction factors (RCF) of (R, S) - Epigoitrin, Vitexicarpin, Artemisetin were determined with Indirubin as internal reference. The RCF was used to calculate the content of the substance under test, and then the content of the substance under test was determined by the external standard method to verify the feasibility of the multi-components by single marker. Results: the treatment method of the test sample was as follows: solid-liquid ratio was 1:5. Ultrasound was 45 min, trichloromethane extraction, and steam dry concentration with methanol constant volume. The results showed that the good linear ranges of (R, S) - Epigoitrin, Vitexicarpin, Indirubin and Artemisetin were 5.15-103 μ g / mL, 5.005-100.1 μ g / mL, 0.5-10 μ g / mL and 0.5115-10.23 μ g / mL, respectively. The average recoveries were 95.19%, 95.73%, 90.75%, 91.65%. The relative correction factors (RCF) of (R, S) - Epigoitrin, Vitexicarpin, Artemisetin were determined with Indirubin as internal reference was 0.2%, 0.6% and 0.3%. And the relative error of multi-components by single marker and external standard method was less than 1%. Conclusion: the multi-components by single marker method (QAMS) is simple, stable and can be used for the determination of multiple substances in Compound Yizhihao Granules.
文摘Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D)with diarrhea is a common gastrointestinal functional disease in clinical practice,which seriously affects the quality of life of patients.Cur‐rently,Western medicine has poor therapeutic effects,while traditional Chinese medi‐cine has unique advantages in relieving IBS-D symptoms and preventing recurrence.In recent years,especially with external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine,it has become a new treatment direction in clinical practice and has achieved good therapeutic effects.This article will provide a review of recent research on the treatment of IBS-D using traditional Chinese medicine external treatment methods.
