This paper presents software reliability modeling issues at the early stage of a software development for fault tolerant software management system. Based on Stochastic Reward Nets, an effective model of hierarchical ...This paper presents software reliability modeling issues at the early stage of a software development for fault tolerant software management system. Based on Stochastic Reward Nets, an effective model of hierarchical view for a fault tolerant software management system is put forward, and an approach that consists of system transient performance analysis is adopted. A quantitative approach for software reliability analysis is given. The results show its usefulness for the design and evaluation of the early-stage software reliability modeling when failure data is not available.展开更多
Since most of the available component-based software reliability models consume high computational cost and suffer from the evaluating complexity for the software system with complex structures,a component-based back-...Since most of the available component-based software reliability models consume high computational cost and suffer from the evaluating complexity for the software system with complex structures,a component-based back-propagation reliability model(CBPRM)with low complexity for the complex software system reliability evaluation is presented in this paper.The proposed model is based on the artificial neural networks and the component reliability sensitivity analyses.These analyses are performed dynamically and assigned to the neurons to optimize the reliability evaluation.CBPRM has a linear increasing complexity and outperforms the state-based and the path-based reliability models.Another advantage of CBPRM over others is its robustness.CBPRM depends on the component reliabilities and the correlative sensitivities,which are independent from the software system structure.Based on the theory analysis and experiment results,it shows that the complexity of CBPRM is evidently lower than the contrast models and the reliability evaluating accuracy is acceptable when the software system structure is complex.展开更多
As a powerful tool for target prediction,reverse docking remains largely unexplored.The objective evaluation of reverse docking software can help us know better about the strength and weakness of these tools,hence gui...As a powerful tool for target prediction,reverse docking remains largely unexplored.The objective evaluation of reverse docking software can help us know better about the strength and weakness of these tools,hence guiding us in target prediction.In the present study,we evaluated the target prediction power of Glide(SP)against general inhibitors and selective inhibitors.The results showed that the scoring tendency could be different for each ligand,and overall scoring sampling was necessary for a better understanding of the docking score for a certain protein-ligand pair.Besides,the input conformation of the binding pocket could affect the docking result.Glide(SP)showed a preferable performance on the target prediction of the general inhibitors.However,the accuracy of the target prediction of the selective inhibitors was relatively low,indicating that Glide(SP)might not be capable for this task.The case study about COVID-19 proved that coagulation factor Xa might be a potential target of chloroquine.Therefore,we recommend the further development of reverse docking tools and rectification of inter-target scoring bias.展开更多
Software quality evaluation is a challenging task in software engineering.A new group decision-making evaluation model is presented in this work.The new model is based on the Vlsekriterijumska optimizacija i KOmpromis...Software quality evaluation is a challenging task in software engineering.A new group decision-making evaluation model is presented in this work.The new model is based on the Vlsekriterijumska optimizacija i KOmpromisno Resenje(VIKOR)technique,in which a group regret measurement and a group satisfaction measurement are provided to increase the number of reference criteria in the decision-making process.We choose the median to represent the center of the data.Based on this,an entropy-based weighting method is proposed and used to determine the weights of decision makers.A new normalized projection is explored to measure the closeness between two evaluation matrices in a Pythagorean fuzzy setting.Several experimental analyses demonstrate that the entropy-based weighting method developed in this study is superior to traditional weighting methods.The median-based data center provides support for stable decision outcomes.Four dynamic experiments are reported on in this paper:The first one shows that the decision results remain stable throughout the entire experimental range;the second one demonstrates that the proposed normalized projection measure outperforms traditional projection measure;the third one demonstrates that the newly developed VIKOR method outperforms the traditional VIKOR method;and the last one identifies the optimal range for the three parameters of the proposed comprehensive VIKOR model.展开更多
基金This work was supported in part by the Ph.D.Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China under
文摘This paper presents software reliability modeling issues at the early stage of a software development for fault tolerant software management system. Based on Stochastic Reward Nets, an effective model of hierarchical view for a fault tolerant software management system is put forward, and an approach that consists of system transient performance analysis is adopted. A quantitative approach for software reliability analysis is given. The results show its usefulness for the design and evaluation of the early-stage software reliability modeling when failure data is not available.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.60973118,60873075)
文摘Since most of the available component-based software reliability models consume high computational cost and suffer from the evaluating complexity for the software system with complex structures,a component-based back-propagation reliability model(CBPRM)with low complexity for the complex software system reliability evaluation is presented in this paper.The proposed model is based on the artificial neural networks and the component reliability sensitivity analyses.These analyses are performed dynamically and assigned to the neurons to optimize the reliability evaluation.CBPRM has a linear increasing complexity and outperforms the state-based and the path-based reliability models.Another advantage of CBPRM over others is its robustness.CBPRM depends on the component reliabilities and the correlative sensitivities,which are independent from the software system structure.Based on the theory analysis and experiment results,it shows that the complexity of CBPRM is evidently lower than the contrast models and the reliability evaluating accuracy is acceptable when the software system structure is complex.
基金National Key Research and Development Project(Grant No.2019YFC1708900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81872730+6 种基金8167327921772005)National Major Scientific and Technological Special Project for Significant New Drugs Development(Grant No.2018ZX09735001-0032019ZX09201005-0012019ZX09204-001)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.72020887172118)。
文摘As a powerful tool for target prediction,reverse docking remains largely unexplored.The objective evaluation of reverse docking software can help us know better about the strength and weakness of these tools,hence guiding us in target prediction.In the present study,we evaluated the target prediction power of Glide(SP)against general inhibitors and selective inhibitors.The results showed that the scoring tendency could be different for each ligand,and overall scoring sampling was necessary for a better understanding of the docking score for a certain protein-ligand pair.Besides,the input conformation of the binding pocket could affect the docking result.Glide(SP)showed a preferable performance on the target prediction of the general inhibitors.However,the accuracy of the target prediction of the selective inhibitors was relatively low,indicating that Glide(SP)might not be capable for this task.The case study about COVID-19 proved that coagulation factor Xa might be a potential target of chloroquine.Therefore,we recommend the further development of reverse docking tools and rectification of inter-target scoring bias.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Development Fund of Macao(Nos.0021/2023/RIA1,0035/2023/ITP1,and 0046/2021/A)the Faculty Research Grant of Macao University of Science and Technology(No.FRG-22-103-FIE)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61872167 and 61502205).
文摘Software quality evaluation is a challenging task in software engineering.A new group decision-making evaluation model is presented in this work.The new model is based on the Vlsekriterijumska optimizacija i KOmpromisno Resenje(VIKOR)technique,in which a group regret measurement and a group satisfaction measurement are provided to increase the number of reference criteria in the decision-making process.We choose the median to represent the center of the data.Based on this,an entropy-based weighting method is proposed and used to determine the weights of decision makers.A new normalized projection is explored to measure the closeness between two evaluation matrices in a Pythagorean fuzzy setting.Several experimental analyses demonstrate that the entropy-based weighting method developed in this study is superior to traditional weighting methods.The median-based data center provides support for stable decision outcomes.Four dynamic experiments are reported on in this paper:The first one shows that the decision results remain stable throughout the entire experimental range;the second one demonstrates that the proposed normalized projection measure outperforms traditional projection measure;the third one demonstrates that the newly developed VIKOR method outperforms the traditional VIKOR method;and the last one identifies the optimal range for the three parameters of the proposed comprehensive VIKOR model.
