In the context of the digital transformation of vocational education,a quality evaluation index system has been constructed.Based on a questionnaire survey conducted among higher vocational colleges and enterprises in...In the context of the digital transformation of vocational education,a quality evaluation index system has been constructed.Based on a questionnaire survey conducted among higher vocational colleges and enterprises in Hainan Province,it has been found that the quality of vocational education generally depends on the talent training program and professional construction at the macro level.At the meso level,the teacher level and teaching environment are critical,while at the micro level,the evaluation of talent training quality cannot be underestimated.Strategies for quality improvement in vocational education are proposed from the perspectives of talent training programs,major construction,teacher development,teaching environment,and talent training quality,all under the lens of digital transformation.展开更多
China has abundant resources of hot dry rocks.However,due to the fact that the evaluation methods for favorable areas are mainly qualitative,and the evaluation indicators and standards are inconsistent,which restrict ...China has abundant resources of hot dry rocks.However,due to the fact that the evaluation methods for favorable areas are mainly qualitative,and the evaluation indicators and standards are inconsistent,which restrict the evaluation efficiency and exploration process of dry hot rocks.This paper is based on the understanding of the geologic features and genesis mechanisms of hot dry rocks in China and abroad.By integrating the main controlling factors of hot dry rock formation,and using index grading and quantification,the fuzzy hierarchical comprehensive method is applied to establish an evaluation system and standards for favorable areas of hot dry rocks.The evaluation system is based on four indicators:heat source,thermal channel,thermal reservoir and cap rock.It includes 11 evaluation parameters,including time of magmatic/volcanic activity,depth of molten mass or magma chamber,distribution of discordogenic faults,burial depth of thermal reservoir,cap rock type and thickness,surface thermal anomaly,heat flow,geothermal gradient,Moho depth,Curie depth,Earthquake magnitude and focal depth.Each parameter is divided into 3 levels.Applying this evaluation system to assess hot dry rock in central Inner Mongolia revealed that Class I favorable zones cover approximately 494 km^(2),while Class II favorable zones span about 5.7×10^(4) km^(2).The Jirgalangtu Sag and Honghaershute Sag in the Erlian Basin,along with Reshuitang Town in Keshiketeng Banner,Reshui Town in Ningcheng County,and Reshuitang Town in Aohan Banner of Chifeng City,are identified as Class I favorable zones for hot dry rock resources.These areas are characterized by high-temperature subsurface molten bodies or magma chambers serving as high-quality heat sources,shallow thermal reservoir depths,and overlying thick sedimentary rock layers acting as caprock.The establishment and application of the evaluation system for favorable areas of hot dry rock are expected to provide new approaches and scientific basis for guiding the practice of selecting hot dry rock areas in China.展开更多
BACKGROUND Despite the developments in the field of kidney transplantation,the already existing diagnostic techniques for patient monitoring are considered insufficient.Protein biomarkers that can be derived from mode...BACKGROUND Despite the developments in the field of kidney transplantation,the already existing diagnostic techniques for patient monitoring are considered insufficient.Protein biomarkers that can be derived from modern approaches of proteomic analysis of liquid biopsies(serum,urine)represent a promising innovation in the monitoring of kidney transplant recipients.AIM To investigate the diagnostic utility of protein biomarkers derived from proteomics approaches in renal allograft assessment.METHODS A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines,based on research results from the PubMed and Scopus databases.The primary focus was on evaluating the role of biomarkers in the non-invasive diagnosis of transplant-related com-plications.Eligibility criteria included protein biomarkers and urine and blood samples,while exclusion criteria were language other than English and the use of low resolution and sensitivity methods.The selected research articles,were categorized based on the biological sample,condition and methodology and the significantly and reproducibly differentiated proteins were manually selected and extracted.Functional and network analysis of the selected proteins was performed.RESULTS In 17 included studies,58 proteins were studied,with the cytokine CXCL10 being the most investigated.Biological pathways related to immune response and fibrosis have shown to be enriched.Applications of biomarkers for the assessment of renal damage as well as the prediction of short-term and long-term function of the graft were reported.Overall,all studies have shown satisfactory diagnostic accuracy of proteins alone or in combination with conventional methods,as far as renal graft assessment is concerned.CONCLUSION Our review suggests that protein biomarkers,evaluated in specific biological fluids,can make a significant contribution to the timely,valid and non-invasive assessment of kidney graft.展开更多
Based on the educational evaluation reform,this study explores the construction of an evidence-based value-added evaluation system based on data-driven,aiming to solve the limitations of traditional evaluation methods...Based on the educational evaluation reform,this study explores the construction of an evidence-based value-added evaluation system based on data-driven,aiming to solve the limitations of traditional evaluation methods.The research adopts the method of combining theoretical analysis and practical application,and designs the evidence-based value-added evaluation framework,which includes the core elements of a multi-source heterogeneous data acquisition and processing system,a value-added evaluation agent based on a large model,and an evaluation implementation and application mechanism.Through empirical research verification,the evaluation system has remarkable effects in improving learning participation,promoting ability development,and supporting teaching decision-making,and provides a theoretical reference and practical path for educational evaluation reform in the new era.The research shows that the evidence-based value-added evaluation system based on data-driven can reflect students’actual progress more fairly and objectively by accurately measuring the difference in starting point and development range of students,and provide strong support for the realization of high-quality education development.展开更多
In an environment where demand for housing is growing and the supply from public authorities is virtually non-existent,several mechanisms for housing production are emerging in the formal,semi-informal and informal co...In an environment where demand for housing is growing and the supply from public authorities is virtually non-existent,several mechanisms for housing production are emerging in the formal,semi-informal and informal construction sectors.The project owner wonders how much it costs to construct a building to an acceptable standard.Cost forecasting in general faces a number of difficulties,including a lack of available information during the preliminary phase of the project.As such,estimation becomes a crucial task involving great responsibility,which can lead to either more convincing results or chaotic situations.This study proposes a quick and effective method for estimating the cost of a single-storey F4 residential building.The modelling is done using multiple linear regression based on a statistical approach applied to twenty(20)projects that have already been completed.The project data are collected from design offices in the city of Brazzaville.The method expresses the cost of an F4 construction by certain project tasks,representing five(5)variables,three(3)of which are related to structural work and two(2)to finishing work,which are easy to determine.This approach,known as MECSO(Cost Estimation Model by Sub-structure),gives good results in all statistical tests carried out with reasonable confidence intervals.This method is very practical for engineering professionals working on the evaluation and control of construction costs.展开更多
Hybrid teaching has become an essential direction of the teaching reform and innovation of higher education,and puts forward new requirements for the evaluation system of teaching quality.The background of hybrid teac...Hybrid teaching has become an essential direction of the teaching reform and innovation of higher education,and puts forward new requirements for the evaluation system of teaching quality.The background of hybrid teaching,the CIPP model,and teaching quality evaluation system,and the necessity of constructing a hybrid teaching quality evaluation system are further discussed.This paper also discusses the evaluation focus of the CIPP model and its applicability in the hybrid teaching quality evaluation and believes that the CIPP model can reflect the concept innovation,target diversity,process advancement,and subject participation;the evaluation indicator system of hybrid teaching quality is designed based on the CIPP model,which provides a reference for the hybrid teaching quality evaluation and teaching reform.展开更多
Introduction: The WHO’s measles control strategy is based on epidemiological surveillance and vaccination. Little is currently known about the performance of the surveillance system, particularly in outlying areas. I...Introduction: The WHO’s measles control strategy is based on epidemiological surveillance and vaccination. Little is currently known about the performance of the surveillance system, particularly in outlying areas. It is in this context that the present study was carried out to evaluate the measles epidemiological surveillance system in the Kangaba health district. Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection for the period from 1 January to 31 December 2022 in the Kangaba health district with 18 epidemiological surveillance officers. Data were collected using an observation grid and documentary analysis. Results: We found a simplicity of 97%, a representativeness of 95% and a reactivity of 53%. Not all notified cases were sampled (64%). Of the 17 CSCom, 8 were positive. A total of 34 confirmed cases of measles were recorded, with one death. Conclusion: Overall, the system is functional and well-established in the health centres, but it remains important to ensure that suspected cases are investigated and that the time between sampling and the availability of laboratory results is respected.展开更多
Objective:To systematically evaluate the impact of phase I cardiac rehabilitation exercise prescriptions on cardiac function levels in patients after coronary intervention.Methods:Seven Chinese and English databases,i...Objective:To systematically evaluate the impact of phase I cardiac rehabilitation exercise prescriptions on cardiac function levels in patients after coronary intervention.Methods:Seven Chinese and English databases,including Cochrane Library,PubMed,Web of Science,ESC(European Society of Cardiology),and CNKI,as well as professional association websites,were searched using computers,with manual searching as a complement.Relevant literature published from the establishment of the database to February 2025 was retrieved.Two researchers independently screened the literature,extracted data,and evaluated the quality of the literature.Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.Results:A total of 8 articles were included,involving 843 patients.Meta-analysis results showed that compared with routine nursing,phase I cardiac rehabilitation exercise prescriptions helped increase the 6-minute walking distance in patients after coronary intervention[MD=0.84,95%CI(0.57,1.10),P<0.001],increase the level of left ventricular ejection fraction in patients after coronary intervention[MD=0.67,95%CI(0.33,1.00),P<0.001],and cardiac rehabilitation combined with respiratory rehabilitation exercise could improve the level of left ventricular ejection fraction in patients after coronary intervention[MD=0.58,95%CI(0.40,0.76),P<0.001].Conclusion:The implementation of phase I cardiac rehabilitation exercise prescriptions can help improve cardiac function levels in patients after coronary intervention.However,the standardization of outcome evaluation indicators needs to be improved,and the long-term effects of rehabilitation still require verification through a large number of high-quality studies.展开更多
With the continuous deepening of vocational education reform,core literacy,as an important concept of educational reform,has gradually been introduced into English teaching.The cultivation of core literacy requires st...With the continuous deepening of vocational education reform,core literacy,as an important concept of educational reform,has gradually been introduced into English teaching.The cultivation of core literacy requires students not only to master basic language knowledge but also to flexibly use cross-cultural communication skills,innovative thinking,and professional literacy to solve problems in actual work situations.In this context,constructing a vocational English evaluation system based on core literacy has become an urgent need to improve the quality of vocational English teaching and cultivate high-quality applied talents.Therefore,the following will focus on exploring the relevant content of the vocational English evaluation system in order to provide some help.展开更多
Vector winds play a crucial role in weather and climate,as well as the effective utilization of wind energy resources.However,limited research has been conducted on treating the wind field as a vector field in the eva...Vector winds play a crucial role in weather and climate,as well as the effective utilization of wind energy resources.However,limited research has been conducted on treating the wind field as a vector field in the evaluation of numerical weather prediction models.In this study,the authors treat vector winds as a whole by employing a vector field evaluation method,and evaluate the mesoscale model of the China Meteorological Administration(CMA-MESO)and ECMWF forecast,with reference to ERA5 reanalysis,in terms of multiple aspects of vector winds over eastern China in 2022.The results show that the ECMWF forecast is superior to CMA-MESO in predicting the spatial distribution and intensity of 10-m vector winds.Both models overestimate the wind speed in East China,and CMA-MESO overestimates the wind speed to a greater extent.The forecasting skill of the vector wind field in both models decreases with increasing lead time.The forecasting skill of CMA-MESO fluctuates more and decreases faster than that of the ECMWF forecast.There is a significant negative correlation between the model vector wind forecasting skill and terrain height.This study provides a scientific evaluation of the local application of vector wind forecasts of the CMA-MESO model and ECMWF forecast.展开更多
The coastal zone ecological restoration project has successfully restored a cumulative shoreline length of 76 km in Fanhe Harbor and Kaozhou Bay ecological restoration shoreline (mangrove forest) located in Huidong Co...The coastal zone ecological restoration project has successfully restored a cumulative shoreline length of 76 km in Fanhe Harbor and Kaozhou Bay ecological restoration shoreline (mangrove forest) located in Huidong County, Huizhou City. Additionally, 5 619.5 m of artificial shoreline has been developed as part of the ecological restoration efforts. Various methods, including UAV remote sensing, orthophoto acquisition, and analysis using ArcGIS software, were employed to assess the length, width, coverage, and other relevant indicators of the newly established ecologically restored shoreline. The findings indicate that the average width, coverage, and ecosystem stability of mangrove forests in the restored area satisfy the criteria for the acceptance of ecological shoreline restoration. Furthermore, a relatively stable ecosystem has been established for over two years. This study offers a scientific foundation for the ecological restoration of mangrove forests and holds considerable significance for the conservation and utilization of mangrove forest resources.展开更多
With the widespread application of Internet of Things(IoT)technology,the processing of massive realtime streaming data poses significant challenges to the computational and data-processing capabilities of systems.Alth...With the widespread application of Internet of Things(IoT)technology,the processing of massive realtime streaming data poses significant challenges to the computational and data-processing capabilities of systems.Although distributed streaming data processing frameworks such asApache Flink andApache Spark Streaming provide solutions,meeting stringent response time requirements while ensuring high throughput and resource utilization remains an urgent problem.To address this,the study proposes a formal modeling approach based on Performance Evaluation Process Algebra(PEPA),which abstracts the core components and interactions of cloud-based distributed streaming data processing systems.Additionally,a generic service flow generation algorithmis introduced,enabling the automatic extraction of service flows fromthe PEPAmodel and the computation of key performance metrics,including response time,throughput,and resource utilization.The novelty of this work lies in the integration of PEPA-based formal modeling with the service flow generation algorithm,bridging the gap between formal modeling and practical performance evaluation for IoT systems.Simulation experiments demonstrate that optimizing the execution efficiency of components can significantly improve system performance.For instance,increasing the task execution rate from 10 to 100 improves system performance by 9.53%,while further increasing it to 200 results in a 21.58%improvement.However,diminishing returns are observed when the execution rate reaches 500,with only a 0.42%gain.Similarly,increasing the number of TaskManagers from 10 to 20 improves response time by 18.49%,but the improvement slows to 6.06% when increasing from 20 to 50,highlighting the importance of co-optimizing component efficiency and resource management to achieve substantial performance gains.This study provides a systematic framework for analyzing and optimizing the performance of IoT systems for large-scale real-time streaming data processing.The proposed approach not only identifies performance bottlenecks but also offers insights into improving system efficiency under different configurations and workloads.展开更多
Climate change is increasingly affecting all aspects of protected areas management from changes of species ranges to visitor experiences.Due to these impacts,there is a need for managers to take more robust approaches...Climate change is increasingly affecting all aspects of protected areas management from changes of species ranges to visitor experiences.Due to these impacts,there is a need for managers to take more robust approaches to con-sidering the implications of climate change on the overall application and efficacy of protected areas management direction,including the achievement of the goals and objectives contained within management plans.Through a systematic and comprehensive content analysis approach,this study assesses the current extent to which climate change is considered in Canadian protected area management plans.Specifically,we evaluated 63 terrestrial protected area management plans against a set of climate robustness principles.Our content analysis revealed that climate change is currently not effectively factored into Canadian protected area management plans with an average climate robustness score of 18%.Climate robustness score was not found to be correlated with protected area size,International Union for the Conservation of Nature(IUCN)management classification,or jurisdictional authority.Certain climate robustness principles received higher scores across the management plans than oth-ers.For example,the principles of‘diverse knowledge sources’and‘addresses climate change’scored relatively highly whereas‘climate change vulnerability’and‘ecosystem integrity’received the lowest scores.The lack of integration of ecological integrity considerations in management plans was a particularly noteworthy deficiency considering that this guiding principle is the primary legislative objective of many national and sub-national protected areas in Canada.From this assessment,climate change needs to be more effectively and consistently integrated into protected area management plan development and coordinated across associated planning pro-cesses.We discuss the ways in which this can be achieved,for example,by integrating scenario planning into organizational management plan development processes.展开更多
The rapid growth of semiconductor,photovoltaic,and other emerging industries has led to a sharp increase in the demand for high-purity quartz in China,particularly 4N5-grade(99.995%pure SiO_(2)).However,heavy reliance...The rapid growth of semiconductor,photovoltaic,and other emerging industries has led to a sharp increase in the demand for high-purity quartz in China,particularly 4N5-grade(99.995%pure SiO_(2)).However,heavy reliance on imported high-purity quartz poses a significant risk to the security of key national strategic industries.To address this challenge,China is focusing on identifying domestic sources of high-purity quartz and developing efficient evaluation methods.This study investigates the inclusion content in three types of quartz:pegmatite,vein quartz,and white granite.A grading system based on the transmittance of quartz grains was established by analyz-ing the number of inclusions.Five quartz ore samples from different regions were purified,and the resulting concentrates were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).The relationships among the inclusion content of raw quartz,impurity composition of purified quartz,and quality of sintered fused quartz products were examined.The findings demonstrate that quartz with fewer inclusions results in lower impurity levels after purification,higher SiO_(2)purity,and more translucent glass,as confirmed by firing tests.Herein,this study establishes a clear connection between quartz inclusions and the overall quality of high-purity quartz.The pro-posed approach enables the rapid assessment of quartz deposit quality by identifying inclusions,offering a practical and efficient method for locating high-quality quartz resources.展开更多
Objective:Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a top leading cause of blindness worldwide,requiring early detection for timely intervention.Artificial intelligence(AI)has emerged as a promising tool to improve DR screening effi...Objective:Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a top leading cause of blindness worldwide,requiring early detection for timely intervention.Artificial intelligence(AI)has emerged as a promising tool to improve DR screening efficiency,accessibility,and cost-effectiveness.This study conducted a systematic review of literature and meta-analysis on the economic outcomes of AI-based DR screening.Methods:A systematic review of studies published before September 2024 was conducted throughout PubMed,Scopus,Embase,the Cochrane Library,the National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database,and the Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Registry.Eligible studies were included if they were(1)conducted among type 1 diabetes mellitus or type 2 diabetes mellitus adult diabetic population;(2)studies compared AI-based DR screening strategy to non-AI screening;and(3)performed a cost-effectiveness analysis.Meta-analysis was applied to pool incremental net benefit(INB)across studies stratified by country income and study perspective using a random-effects model.Statistical heterogeneity among studies was assessed using the I2 statistic,Cochrane Q statistics,and meta regression.Results:Nine studies were included in the analysis.From a healthcare system/payer perspective,AI-based DR screening was significantly cost-effective compared to non-AI-based screening,with a pooled INB of 615.77(95%confidence interval[CI]:558.27-673.27).Subgroup analysis showed robust cost-effectiveness of AI-based DR screening in high-income countries(INB=613.62,95%CI:556.06-671.18)and upper-/lower-middle income countries(INB=1,739.97,95%CI:423.13-3,056.82)with low heterogeneity.From a societal perspective,AI-based DR screening was generally cost-effective(INB=5,102.33,95%CI:-815.47-11,020.13),though the result lacked statistical significance and showed high heterogeneity.Conclusions:AI-based DR screening is generally cost-effective from a healthcare system perspective,particularly in high-income countries.Heterogeneity in cost-effectiveness across different perspectives highlights the importance of context-specific evaluations,to accurately evaluate the potential of AI-based DR screening in reducing global healthcare disparities.展开更多
This paper focuses on the optimization of the evaluation index system for the value of transportation infrastructure assets.It analyzes the shortcomings of the current system and explores the directions for optimizing...This paper focuses on the optimization of the evaluation index system for the value of transportation infrastructure assets.It analyzes the shortcomings of the current system and explores the directions for optimizing the index system from the perspectives of functionality,economy,social impact,environmental impact,and sustainability.The paper also discusses the application of the optimized index system in practical evaluation and the measures to ensure its effectiveness.The research aims to enhance the evaluation mechanism for the value of transportation infrastructure assets,providing a more scientific basis for decision-making,addressing challenges in asset management,improving the level of asset management in transportation infrastructure,and meeting the demands of high-quality development in the transportation sector in the new era.展开更多
Under the National Innovation-Driven Development Strategy,establishing a scientifically sound evaluation system for normal university students’innovation and entrepreneurship capabilities serves as a crucial foundati...Under the National Innovation-Driven Development Strategy,establishing a scientifically sound evaluation system for normal university students’innovation and entrepreneurship capabilities serves as a crucial foundation for optimizing innovation education models and enhancing teacher candidates’comprehensive competencies.Based on existing indicator frameworks,we designed a questionnaire and applied exploratory factor analysis(EFA)to screen indicators,reduce dimensionality,and analyze weighting.This process identified key metrics for evaluating pedagogical students’innovation capacities,ultimately constructing a targeted assessment system for normal university students.The study provides theoretical support for cultivating teacher trainees’innovative capabilities while contributing to the national innovation strategy implementation.展开更多
Theoretical education and practical education are very important in clinical laboratory teaching.The teaching evaluation system is one of the important means to test the quality of course teaching.The traditional summ...Theoretical education and practical education are very important in clinical laboratory teaching.The teaching evaluation system is one of the important means to test the quality of course teaching.The traditional summative evaluation needs to be improved in terms of scientificity and impartiality,and its guiding effect on teaching reform is limited.Therefore,this paper proposes to apply formative evaluation to clinical laboratory teaching to remobilize students'learning enthusiasm and provide valuable guidance for the subsequent teaching reform,hoping to achieve the purpose of improving the quality of laboratory teaching.展开更多
The evaluation of social practice outcomes is a critical component of the social practice mechanisms in colleges and universities,serving as a core index to assess the effectiveness of practice activities and the qual...The evaluation of social practice outcomes is a critical component of the social practice mechanisms in colleges and universities,serving as a core index to assess the effectiveness of practice activities and the quality of student training.This paper employs CiteSpace to analyze references,keyword co-occurrence maps,time zone maps,and time diagrams,identifying key research hotspots in social practice evaluation systems domestically and internationally.These hotspots include the construction of evaluation indicators,evaluation pathways,and methods.Additionally,this study compares and summarizes the evolution of social practice evaluation systems across regions.It highlights that foreign social practice evaluation systems are characterized by diverse interpretative paradigms,an emphasis on students’self-reflection during the evaluation process,and more robust theoretical foundations.These findings provide valuable insights for domestic colleges and universities seeking to build social practice evaluation systems with relevant content and effective results.展开更多
文摘In the context of the digital transformation of vocational education,a quality evaluation index system has been constructed.Based on a questionnaire survey conducted among higher vocational colleges and enterprises in Hainan Province,it has been found that the quality of vocational education generally depends on the talent training program and professional construction at the macro level.At the meso level,the teacher level and teaching environment are critical,while at the micro level,the evaluation of talent training quality cannot be underestimated.Strategies for quality improvement in vocational education are proposed from the perspectives of talent training programs,major construction,teacher development,teaching environment,and talent training quality,all under the lens of digital transformation.
基金Supported by PetroChina Prospective and Basic Technological Project(2022DJ5503).
文摘China has abundant resources of hot dry rocks.However,due to the fact that the evaluation methods for favorable areas are mainly qualitative,and the evaluation indicators and standards are inconsistent,which restrict the evaluation efficiency and exploration process of dry hot rocks.This paper is based on the understanding of the geologic features and genesis mechanisms of hot dry rocks in China and abroad.By integrating the main controlling factors of hot dry rock formation,and using index grading and quantification,the fuzzy hierarchical comprehensive method is applied to establish an evaluation system and standards for favorable areas of hot dry rocks.The evaluation system is based on four indicators:heat source,thermal channel,thermal reservoir and cap rock.It includes 11 evaluation parameters,including time of magmatic/volcanic activity,depth of molten mass or magma chamber,distribution of discordogenic faults,burial depth of thermal reservoir,cap rock type and thickness,surface thermal anomaly,heat flow,geothermal gradient,Moho depth,Curie depth,Earthquake magnitude and focal depth.Each parameter is divided into 3 levels.Applying this evaluation system to assess hot dry rock in central Inner Mongolia revealed that Class I favorable zones cover approximately 494 km^(2),while Class II favorable zones span about 5.7×10^(4) km^(2).The Jirgalangtu Sag and Honghaershute Sag in the Erlian Basin,along with Reshuitang Town in Keshiketeng Banner,Reshui Town in Ningcheng County,and Reshuitang Town in Aohan Banner of Chifeng City,are identified as Class I favorable zones for hot dry rock resources.These areas are characterized by high-temperature subsurface molten bodies or magma chambers serving as high-quality heat sources,shallow thermal reservoir depths,and overlying thick sedimentary rock layers acting as caprock.The establishment and application of the evaluation system for favorable areas of hot dry rock are expected to provide new approaches and scientific basis for guiding the practice of selecting hot dry rock areas in China.
文摘BACKGROUND Despite the developments in the field of kidney transplantation,the already existing diagnostic techniques for patient monitoring are considered insufficient.Protein biomarkers that can be derived from modern approaches of proteomic analysis of liquid biopsies(serum,urine)represent a promising innovation in the monitoring of kidney transplant recipients.AIM To investigate the diagnostic utility of protein biomarkers derived from proteomics approaches in renal allograft assessment.METHODS A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines,based on research results from the PubMed and Scopus databases.The primary focus was on evaluating the role of biomarkers in the non-invasive diagnosis of transplant-related com-plications.Eligibility criteria included protein biomarkers and urine and blood samples,while exclusion criteria were language other than English and the use of low resolution and sensitivity methods.The selected research articles,were categorized based on the biological sample,condition and methodology and the significantly and reproducibly differentiated proteins were manually selected and extracted.Functional and network analysis of the selected proteins was performed.RESULTS In 17 included studies,58 proteins were studied,with the cytokine CXCL10 being the most investigated.Biological pathways related to immune response and fibrosis have shown to be enriched.Applications of biomarkers for the assessment of renal damage as well as the prediction of short-term and long-term function of the graft were reported.Overall,all studies have shown satisfactory diagnostic accuracy of proteins alone or in combination with conventional methods,as far as renal graft assessment is concerned.CONCLUSION Our review suggests that protein biomarkers,evaluated in specific biological fluids,can make a significant contribution to the timely,valid and non-invasive assessment of kidney graft.
基金This paper is the research result of“Research on Innovation of Evidence-Based Teaching Paradigm in Vocational Education under the Background of New Quality Productivity”(2024JXQ176)the Shandong Province Artificial Intelligence Education Research Project(SDDJ202501035),which explores the application of artificial intelligence big models in student value-added evaluation from an evidence-based perspective。
文摘Based on the educational evaluation reform,this study explores the construction of an evidence-based value-added evaluation system based on data-driven,aiming to solve the limitations of traditional evaluation methods.The research adopts the method of combining theoretical analysis and practical application,and designs the evidence-based value-added evaluation framework,which includes the core elements of a multi-source heterogeneous data acquisition and processing system,a value-added evaluation agent based on a large model,and an evaluation implementation and application mechanism.Through empirical research verification,the evaluation system has remarkable effects in improving learning participation,promoting ability development,and supporting teaching decision-making,and provides a theoretical reference and practical path for educational evaluation reform in the new era.The research shows that the evidence-based value-added evaluation system based on data-driven can reflect students’actual progress more fairly and objectively by accurately measuring the difference in starting point and development range of students,and provide strong support for the realization of high-quality education development.
文摘In an environment where demand for housing is growing and the supply from public authorities is virtually non-existent,several mechanisms for housing production are emerging in the formal,semi-informal and informal construction sectors.The project owner wonders how much it costs to construct a building to an acceptable standard.Cost forecasting in general faces a number of difficulties,including a lack of available information during the preliminary phase of the project.As such,estimation becomes a crucial task involving great responsibility,which can lead to either more convincing results or chaotic situations.This study proposes a quick and effective method for estimating the cost of a single-storey F4 residential building.The modelling is done using multiple linear regression based on a statistical approach applied to twenty(20)projects that have already been completed.The project data are collected from design offices in the city of Brazzaville.The method expresses the cost of an F4 construction by certain project tasks,representing five(5)variables,three(3)of which are related to structural work and two(2)to finishing work,which are easy to determine.This approach,known as MECSO(Cost Estimation Model by Sub-structure),gives good results in all statistical tests carried out with reasonable confidence intervals.This method is very practical for engineering professionals working on the evaluation and control of construction costs.
基金The 2025 Beijing Postdoctoral Research Activity Funding Project“Exploring Hybrid Teaching Quality Evaluation System Based on the CIPP Model Construction in Higher Education”(2025114)。
文摘Hybrid teaching has become an essential direction of the teaching reform and innovation of higher education,and puts forward new requirements for the evaluation system of teaching quality.The background of hybrid teaching,the CIPP model,and teaching quality evaluation system,and the necessity of constructing a hybrid teaching quality evaluation system are further discussed.This paper also discusses the evaluation focus of the CIPP model and its applicability in the hybrid teaching quality evaluation and believes that the CIPP model can reflect the concept innovation,target diversity,process advancement,and subject participation;the evaluation indicator system of hybrid teaching quality is designed based on the CIPP model,which provides a reference for the hybrid teaching quality evaluation and teaching reform.
文摘Introduction: The WHO’s measles control strategy is based on epidemiological surveillance and vaccination. Little is currently known about the performance of the surveillance system, particularly in outlying areas. It is in this context that the present study was carried out to evaluate the measles epidemiological surveillance system in the Kangaba health district. Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection for the period from 1 January to 31 December 2022 in the Kangaba health district with 18 epidemiological surveillance officers. Data were collected using an observation grid and documentary analysis. Results: We found a simplicity of 97%, a representativeness of 95% and a reactivity of 53%. Not all notified cases were sampled (64%). Of the 17 CSCom, 8 were positive. A total of 34 confirmed cases of measles were recorded, with one death. Conclusion: Overall, the system is functional and well-established in the health centres, but it remains important to ensure that suspected cases are investigated and that the time between sampling and the availability of laboratory results is respected.
基金Science Research Fund Project of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education(Project No.:2024J0832)Science Research Fund Project of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education(Project No.:2025Y1186)。
文摘Objective:To systematically evaluate the impact of phase I cardiac rehabilitation exercise prescriptions on cardiac function levels in patients after coronary intervention.Methods:Seven Chinese and English databases,including Cochrane Library,PubMed,Web of Science,ESC(European Society of Cardiology),and CNKI,as well as professional association websites,were searched using computers,with manual searching as a complement.Relevant literature published from the establishment of the database to February 2025 was retrieved.Two researchers independently screened the literature,extracted data,and evaluated the quality of the literature.Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.Results:A total of 8 articles were included,involving 843 patients.Meta-analysis results showed that compared with routine nursing,phase I cardiac rehabilitation exercise prescriptions helped increase the 6-minute walking distance in patients after coronary intervention[MD=0.84,95%CI(0.57,1.10),P<0.001],increase the level of left ventricular ejection fraction in patients after coronary intervention[MD=0.67,95%CI(0.33,1.00),P<0.001],and cardiac rehabilitation combined with respiratory rehabilitation exercise could improve the level of left ventricular ejection fraction in patients after coronary intervention[MD=0.58,95%CI(0.40,0.76),P<0.001].Conclusion:The implementation of phase I cardiac rehabilitation exercise prescriptions can help improve cardiac function levels in patients after coronary intervention.However,the standardization of outcome evaluation indicators needs to be improved,and the long-term effects of rehabilitation still require verification through a large number of high-quality studies.
文摘With the continuous deepening of vocational education reform,core literacy,as an important concept of educational reform,has gradually been introduced into English teaching.The cultivation of core literacy requires students not only to master basic language knowledge but also to flexibly use cross-cultural communication skills,innovative thinking,and professional literacy to solve problems in actual work situations.In this context,constructing a vocational English evaluation system based on core literacy has become an urgent need to improve the quality of vocational English teaching and cultivate high-quality applied talents.Therefore,the following will focus on exploring the relevant content of the vocational English evaluation system in order to provide some help.
基金primarily supported by the National Key R&D Program of China[grant number 2021YFC3000904]the Jiangsu Provincial Key Technology R&D Program[grant number BE2022851]National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 42405035]。
文摘Vector winds play a crucial role in weather and climate,as well as the effective utilization of wind energy resources.However,limited research has been conducted on treating the wind field as a vector field in the evaluation of numerical weather prediction models.In this study,the authors treat vector winds as a whole by employing a vector field evaluation method,and evaluate the mesoscale model of the China Meteorological Administration(CMA-MESO)and ECMWF forecast,with reference to ERA5 reanalysis,in terms of multiple aspects of vector winds over eastern China in 2022.The results show that the ECMWF forecast is superior to CMA-MESO in predicting the spatial distribution and intensity of 10-m vector winds.Both models overestimate the wind speed in East China,and CMA-MESO overestimates the wind speed to a greater extent.The forecasting skill of the vector wind field in both models decreases with increasing lead time.The forecasting skill of CMA-MESO fluctuates more and decreases faster than that of the ECMWF forecast.There is a significant negative correlation between the model vector wind forecasting skill and terrain height.This study provides a scientific evaluation of the local application of vector wind forecasts of the CMA-MESO model and ECMWF forecast.
文摘The coastal zone ecological restoration project has successfully restored a cumulative shoreline length of 76 km in Fanhe Harbor and Kaozhou Bay ecological restoration shoreline (mangrove forest) located in Huidong County, Huizhou City. Additionally, 5 619.5 m of artificial shoreline has been developed as part of the ecological restoration efforts. Various methods, including UAV remote sensing, orthophoto acquisition, and analysis using ArcGIS software, were employed to assess the length, width, coverage, and other relevant indicators of the newly established ecologically restored shoreline. The findings indicate that the average width, coverage, and ecosystem stability of mangrove forests in the restored area satisfy the criteria for the acceptance of ecological shoreline restoration. Furthermore, a relatively stable ecosystem has been established for over two years. This study offers a scientific foundation for the ecological restoration of mangrove forests and holds considerable significance for the conservation and utilization of mangrove forest resources.
基金funded by the Joint Project of Industry-University-Research of Jiangsu Province(Grant:BY20231146).
文摘With the widespread application of Internet of Things(IoT)technology,the processing of massive realtime streaming data poses significant challenges to the computational and data-processing capabilities of systems.Although distributed streaming data processing frameworks such asApache Flink andApache Spark Streaming provide solutions,meeting stringent response time requirements while ensuring high throughput and resource utilization remains an urgent problem.To address this,the study proposes a formal modeling approach based on Performance Evaluation Process Algebra(PEPA),which abstracts the core components and interactions of cloud-based distributed streaming data processing systems.Additionally,a generic service flow generation algorithmis introduced,enabling the automatic extraction of service flows fromthe PEPAmodel and the computation of key performance metrics,including response time,throughput,and resource utilization.The novelty of this work lies in the integration of PEPA-based formal modeling with the service flow generation algorithm,bridging the gap between formal modeling and practical performance evaluation for IoT systems.Simulation experiments demonstrate that optimizing the execution efficiency of components can significantly improve system performance.For instance,increasing the task execution rate from 10 to 100 improves system performance by 9.53%,while further increasing it to 200 results in a 21.58%improvement.However,diminishing returns are observed when the execution rate reaches 500,with only a 0.42%gain.Similarly,increasing the number of TaskManagers from 10 to 20 improves response time by 18.49%,but the improvement slows to 6.06% when increasing from 20 to 50,highlighting the importance of co-optimizing component efficiency and resource management to achieve substantial performance gains.This study provides a systematic framework for analyzing and optimizing the performance of IoT systems for large-scale real-time streaming data processing.The proposed approach not only identifies performance bottlenecks but also offers insights into improving system efficiency under different configurations and workloads.
基金supported by the Government of the Northwest Territories in Canada and the John McMurry Research Chair in Environmental Geography at Wilfrid Laurier University.
文摘Climate change is increasingly affecting all aspects of protected areas management from changes of species ranges to visitor experiences.Due to these impacts,there is a need for managers to take more robust approaches to con-sidering the implications of climate change on the overall application and efficacy of protected areas management direction,including the achievement of the goals and objectives contained within management plans.Through a systematic and comprehensive content analysis approach,this study assesses the current extent to which climate change is considered in Canadian protected area management plans.Specifically,we evaluated 63 terrestrial protected area management plans against a set of climate robustness principles.Our content analysis revealed that climate change is currently not effectively factored into Canadian protected area management plans with an average climate robustness score of 18%.Climate robustness score was not found to be correlated with protected area size,International Union for the Conservation of Nature(IUCN)management classification,or jurisdictional authority.Certain climate robustness principles received higher scores across the management plans than oth-ers.For example,the principles of‘diverse knowledge sources’and‘addresses climate change’scored relatively highly whereas‘climate change vulnerability’and‘ecosystem integrity’received the lowest scores.The lack of integration of ecological integrity considerations in management plans was a particularly noteworthy deficiency considering that this guiding principle is the primary legislative objective of many national and sub-national protected areas in Canada.From this assessment,climate change needs to be more effectively and consistently integrated into protected area management plan development and coordinated across associated planning pro-cesses.We discuss the ways in which this can be achieved,for example,by integrating scenario planning into organizational management plan development processes.
基金financially supported by the Consulting Research Project of the Chinese Academy of Engineering,China(Nos.2024-XBZD-10 and 2024-XZ-20).
文摘The rapid growth of semiconductor,photovoltaic,and other emerging industries has led to a sharp increase in the demand for high-purity quartz in China,particularly 4N5-grade(99.995%pure SiO_(2)).However,heavy reliance on imported high-purity quartz poses a significant risk to the security of key national strategic industries.To address this challenge,China is focusing on identifying domestic sources of high-purity quartz and developing efficient evaluation methods.This study investigates the inclusion content in three types of quartz:pegmatite,vein quartz,and white granite.A grading system based on the transmittance of quartz grains was established by analyz-ing the number of inclusions.Five quartz ore samples from different regions were purified,and the resulting concentrates were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).The relationships among the inclusion content of raw quartz,impurity composition of purified quartz,and quality of sintered fused quartz products were examined.The findings demonstrate that quartz with fewer inclusions results in lower impurity levels after purification,higher SiO_(2)purity,and more translucent glass,as confirmed by firing tests.Herein,this study establishes a clear connection between quartz inclusions and the overall quality of high-purity quartz.The pro-posed approach enables the rapid assessment of quartz deposit quality by identifying inclusions,offering a practical and efficient method for locating high-quality quartz resources.
基金supported by the Global STEM Professorship Scheme(P0046113)Henry G.Leong Endowed Professorship in Elderly Vision Health.
文摘Objective:Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a top leading cause of blindness worldwide,requiring early detection for timely intervention.Artificial intelligence(AI)has emerged as a promising tool to improve DR screening efficiency,accessibility,and cost-effectiveness.This study conducted a systematic review of literature and meta-analysis on the economic outcomes of AI-based DR screening.Methods:A systematic review of studies published before September 2024 was conducted throughout PubMed,Scopus,Embase,the Cochrane Library,the National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database,and the Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Registry.Eligible studies were included if they were(1)conducted among type 1 diabetes mellitus or type 2 diabetes mellitus adult diabetic population;(2)studies compared AI-based DR screening strategy to non-AI screening;and(3)performed a cost-effectiveness analysis.Meta-analysis was applied to pool incremental net benefit(INB)across studies stratified by country income and study perspective using a random-effects model.Statistical heterogeneity among studies was assessed using the I2 statistic,Cochrane Q statistics,and meta regression.Results:Nine studies were included in the analysis.From a healthcare system/payer perspective,AI-based DR screening was significantly cost-effective compared to non-AI-based screening,with a pooled INB of 615.77(95%confidence interval[CI]:558.27-673.27).Subgroup analysis showed robust cost-effectiveness of AI-based DR screening in high-income countries(INB=613.62,95%CI:556.06-671.18)and upper-/lower-middle income countries(INB=1,739.97,95%CI:423.13-3,056.82)with low heterogeneity.From a societal perspective,AI-based DR screening was generally cost-effective(INB=5,102.33,95%CI:-815.47-11,020.13),though the result lacked statistical significance and showed high heterogeneity.Conclusions:AI-based DR screening is generally cost-effective from a healthcare system perspective,particularly in high-income countries.Heterogeneity in cost-effectiveness across different perspectives highlights the importance of context-specific evaluations,to accurately evaluate the potential of AI-based DR screening in reducing global healthcare disparities.
文摘This paper focuses on the optimization of the evaluation index system for the value of transportation infrastructure assets.It analyzes the shortcomings of the current system and explores the directions for optimizing the index system from the perspectives of functionality,economy,social impact,environmental impact,and sustainability.The paper also discusses the application of the optimized index system in practical evaluation and the measures to ensure its effectiveness.The research aims to enhance the evaluation mechanism for the value of transportation infrastructure assets,providing a more scientific basis for decision-making,addressing challenges in asset management,improving the level of asset management in transportation infrastructure,and meeting the demands of high-quality development in the transportation sector in the new era.
基金Mid-term Results of the 2024 Langfang Normal University Special Teaching Reform Project on Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education Reform,“Research on the Evaluation System of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Ability for Normal University Students Based on Big Data Application-A Case Study of Langfang Normal University”(Project No.:CXJG2024-06)。
文摘Under the National Innovation-Driven Development Strategy,establishing a scientifically sound evaluation system for normal university students’innovation and entrepreneurship capabilities serves as a crucial foundation for optimizing innovation education models and enhancing teacher candidates’comprehensive competencies.Based on existing indicator frameworks,we designed a questionnaire and applied exploratory factor analysis(EFA)to screen indicators,reduce dimensionality,and analyze weighting.This process identified key metrics for evaluating pedagogical students’innovation capacities,ultimately constructing a targeted assessment system for normal university students.The study provides theoretical support for cultivating teacher trainees’innovative capabilities while contributing to the national innovation strategy implementation.
文摘Theoretical education and practical education are very important in clinical laboratory teaching.The teaching evaluation system is one of the important means to test the quality of course teaching.The traditional summative evaluation needs to be improved in terms of scientificity and impartiality,and its guiding effect on teaching reform is limited.Therefore,this paper proposes to apply formative evaluation to clinical laboratory teaching to remobilize students'learning enthusiasm and provide valuable guidance for the subsequent teaching reform,hoping to achieve the purpose of improving the quality of laboratory teaching.
基金supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Department of Education’s General Scientific Research Project(Project No.2023-007)the Zhejiang Provincial Graduate Education Association(Project No.2023-007).
文摘The evaluation of social practice outcomes is a critical component of the social practice mechanisms in colleges and universities,serving as a core index to assess the effectiveness of practice activities and the quality of student training.This paper employs CiteSpace to analyze references,keyword co-occurrence maps,time zone maps,and time diagrams,identifying key research hotspots in social practice evaluation systems domestically and internationally.These hotspots include the construction of evaluation indicators,evaluation pathways,and methods.Additionally,this study compares and summarizes the evolution of social practice evaluation systems across regions.It highlights that foreign social practice evaluation systems are characterized by diverse interpretative paradigms,an emphasis on students’self-reflection during the evaluation process,and more robust theoretical foundations.These findings provide valuable insights for domestic colleges and universities seeking to build social practice evaluation systems with relevant content and effective results.
