The Hakka enclosed-castled-houses in southern Jiangxi are the historical treasure of Hakka culture,and are the material carrier of Hakka traditional excellent ethics.This article combs the historical development of Ha...The Hakka enclosed-castled-houses in southern Jiangxi are the historical treasure of Hakka culture,and are the material carrier of Hakka traditional excellent ethics.This article combs the historical development of Hakka enclosed-castled-houses from the perspective of design,and explores the ethical implication of respecting ancestors,respecting social rank,and valuing harmony in space design,in order to provide new ideas and basic theoretical support for the protection and inheritance of Hakka enclosed-castled-houses in southern Jiangxi.展开更多
As a newly developed theory, narrative ethics has its reasonability and advantages in that it can not only analyze either the contents or the forms of the texts, but also make an analysis of the combination of both co...As a newly developed theory, narrative ethics has its reasonability and advantages in that it can not only analyze either the contents or the forms of the texts, but also make an analysis of the combination of both contents and forms. This article, supported by James Phelan＇s rhetorical narrative theory as the theoretical base, attempts to explore and interpret narrative judgments and its implied ethics existing in The Child in Time by Ian McEwan so as to observe the hidden aesthetic orientation, the value judgments and the ethical intentions of the text and help to reveal the author＇s views of narrative ethics and aesthetics of the novel.展开更多
This article discusses the manuscript recently published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology,which explores the application of deep learning models in decision-making processes via wireless capsule endoscopy.Inte...This article discusses the manuscript recently published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology,which explores the application of deep learning models in decision-making processes via wireless capsule endoscopy.Integrating artificial intelligence(AI)into gastrointestinal disease diagnosis represents a transformative step toward precision medicine,enhancing real-time accuracy in detecting multi-category lesions at earlier stages,including small bowel lesions and precancerous polyps,ultimately improving patient outcomes.However,the use of AI in clinical settings raises ethical considerations that extend beyond technological potential.Issues of patient privacy,data security,and potential diagnostic biases require careful attention.AI models must prioritize diverse and representative datasets to mitigate inequities and ensure diagnostic accuracy across populations.Furthermore,balancing AI with clinical expertise is crucial,positioning AI as a supportive tool rather than a replacement for physician judgment.Addressing these ethical challenges will support the responsible deployment of AI,through equitable contribution to patient-centered care.展开更多
This critical review looks at the assessment of the application of artificial intelligence in handling legal documents with specific reference to medical negligence cases with a view of identifying its transformative ...This critical review looks at the assessment of the application of artificial intelligence in handling legal documents with specific reference to medical negligence cases with a view of identifying its transformative potentialities, issues and ethical concerns. The review consolidates findings that show the impact of AI in improving the efficiency, accuracy and justice delivery in the legal profession. The studies show increased efficiency in speed of document review and enhancement of the accuracy of the reviewed documents, with time efficiency estimates of 60% reduction of time. However, the review also outlines some of the problems that continue to characterize AI, such as data quality problems, biased algorithms and the problem of the opaque decision-making system. This paper assesses ethical issues related to patient autonomy, justice and non-malignant suffering, with particular focus on patient privacy and fair process, and on potential unfairness to patients. This paper’s review of AI innovations finds that regulations lag behind AI developments, leading to unsettled issues regarding legal responsibility for AI and user control over AI-generated results and findings in legal proceedings. Some of the future avenues that are presented in the study are the future of XAI for legal purposes, utilizing federated learning for resolving privacy issues, and the need to foster adaptive regulation. Finally, the review advocates for Legal Subject Matter Experts to collaborate with legal informatics experts, ethicists, and policy makers to develop the best solutions to implement AI in medical negligence claims. It reasons that there is great potential for AI to have a deep impact on the practice of law but when done, it must do so in a way that respects justice and on the Rights of Individuals.展开更多
Ecological ethics is a kind of ethics code adjusting relationship between human and nature. Ecological ethics implication of Youyu spirit reflects in four aspects： eco-value concept of ＂nature and human unifying, re...Ecological ethics is a kind of ethics code adjusting relationship between human and nature. Ecological ethics implication of Youyu spirit reflects in four aspects： eco-value concept of ＂nature and human unifying, revering nature＂, eco-politics concept of ＂persisting greening, diligently working for people＂, eco-obligation concept of ＂predecessor planting, descendant cooling＂ and eco-culture concept of ＂public participation, harmonious development＂. It has important value for constructing beautiful Shanxi and realizing ecological civilization to excavate and carry forward ecological ethics implication of Youyu spirit.展开更多
Alienated labor, also known as labor alienation, was a concept with historical creativity, which was first raised in Marx＇ s Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844. The Manuscripts was important works of Marx...Alienated labor, also known as labor alienation, was a concept with historical creativity, which was first raised in Marx＇ s Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844. The Manuscripts was important works of Marx, in which the social relations of capitalism private ownership were analyzed by Marx using the concept of alienated labor. A deep analysis was conducted by Marx from the specific historical facts, in which the rational kernel of the alienated problem in the social relations of capitalism was mentioned. Specifically, the alienated labor theory was analyzed from the relationship of laborers with their labor products and labor itself, human＇ s essence, and other people under the condition of the capitalist private ownership; the ＂ought to be＂ ethical characteristics of labors were expounded from the perspective of ethics, and the abnormal labor relations in the process of capitalist production were ethically reviewed and criticized. Therefore, rich economic ethics thoughts were contained in Marx＇ s analysis of the alienated labor theory.展开更多
This essay is the starting point of a new column in Intelligent Medicine that invites interdisciplinary perspectives on the social,ethical,legal,and responsibility aspects of the use of artificial intelligence(AI)in m...This essay is the starting point of a new column in Intelligent Medicine that invites interdisciplinary perspectives on the social,ethical,legal,and responsibility aspects of the use of artificial intelligence(AI)in medicine and health care.Papers in this column will examine the practical,conceptual,and policy dimensions of the use of AI for health-related purposes from comparative and international perspectives.We invite contributions from around the world in all application areas of AI for health,including health care,health research,drug development,health care system management,as well as public health and public health surveillance.The column aims to provide a forum for reflective and critical scholarship that contributes to the ongoing academic and policy debates about the development,use,governance,and implications of AI in medical and health care settings.To launch the column,we first provide an overview of recent approaches that have been developed to identify and address the effects and potential impacts of science and technology innovations on human societies and the environment.These include ethical,legal,and social implications/aspects(ELSI/A)research,responsible research and innovation(RRI),sustainability transitions research,and the use of international standard-setting instruments for responsible and open science issued by the United Nations Educational,Scientific,and Cultural Organization(UNESCO),the World Health Organization(WHO),and other international bodies.In Part Two of this essay,we discuss some of the central challenges that arise with regard to the integration of AI and big data analytics in medical and health care settings.This includes concerns regarding(i)the control,reliability,and trustworthiness of AI systems,(ii)privacy and surveillance,(iii)the impact of AI and automation on health care staffemployment and the nature of clinical work,(iv)the effects of AI on health inequalities,justice,and access to medical care,and(v)challenges related to regulation and governance.We end the essay with a call for papers and a set of questions that could be relevant for future studies.展开更多
文摘The Hakka enclosed-castled-houses in southern Jiangxi are the historical treasure of Hakka culture,and are the material carrier of Hakka traditional excellent ethics.This article combs the historical development of Hakka enclosed-castled-houses from the perspective of design,and explores the ethical implication of respecting ancestors,respecting social rank,and valuing harmony in space design,in order to provide new ideas and basic theoretical support for the protection and inheritance of Hakka enclosed-castled-houses in southern Jiangxi.
文摘As a newly developed theory, narrative ethics has its reasonability and advantages in that it can not only analyze either the contents or the forms of the texts, but also make an analysis of the combination of both contents and forms. This article, supported by James Phelan＇s rhetorical narrative theory as the theoretical base, attempts to explore and interpret narrative judgments and its implied ethics existing in The Child in Time by Ian McEwan so as to observe the hidden aesthetic orientation, the value judgments and the ethical intentions of the text and help to reveal the author＇s views of narrative ethics and aesthetics of the novel.
文摘This article discusses the manuscript recently published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology,which explores the application of deep learning models in decision-making processes via wireless capsule endoscopy.Integrating artificial intelligence(AI)into gastrointestinal disease diagnosis represents a transformative step toward precision medicine,enhancing real-time accuracy in detecting multi-category lesions at earlier stages,including small bowel lesions and precancerous polyps,ultimately improving patient outcomes.However,the use of AI in clinical settings raises ethical considerations that extend beyond technological potential.Issues of patient privacy,data security,and potential diagnostic biases require careful attention.AI models must prioritize diverse and representative datasets to mitigate inequities and ensure diagnostic accuracy across populations.Furthermore,balancing AI with clinical expertise is crucial,positioning AI as a supportive tool rather than a replacement for physician judgment.Addressing these ethical challenges will support the responsible deployment of AI,through equitable contribution to patient-centered care.
文摘This critical review looks at the assessment of the application of artificial intelligence in handling legal documents with specific reference to medical negligence cases with a view of identifying its transformative potentialities, issues and ethical concerns. The review consolidates findings that show the impact of AI in improving the efficiency, accuracy and justice delivery in the legal profession. The studies show increased efficiency in speed of document review and enhancement of the accuracy of the reviewed documents, with time efficiency estimates of 60% reduction of time. However, the review also outlines some of the problems that continue to characterize AI, such as data quality problems, biased algorithms and the problem of the opaque decision-making system. This paper assesses ethical issues related to patient autonomy, justice and non-malignant suffering, with particular focus on patient privacy and fair process, and on potential unfairness to patients. This paper’s review of AI innovations finds that regulations lag behind AI developments, leading to unsettled issues regarding legal responsibility for AI and user control over AI-generated results and findings in legal proceedings. Some of the future avenues that are presented in the study are the future of XAI for legal purposes, utilizing federated learning for resolving privacy issues, and the need to foster adaptive regulation. Finally, the review advocates for Legal Subject Matter Experts to collaborate with legal informatics experts, ethicists, and policy makers to develop the best solutions to implement AI in medical negligence claims. It reasons that there is great potential for AI to have a deep impact on the practice of law but when done, it must do so in a way that respects justice and on the Rights of Individuals.
基金Supported by School Education Reform Project of Shanxi Agricultural University in 2013,China ( PY-201345 )Soft Science Project in Shanxi Province,China ( 2013041020-04)
文摘Ecological ethics is a kind of ethics code adjusting relationship between human and nature. Ecological ethics implication of Youyu spirit reflects in four aspects： eco-value concept of ＂nature and human unifying, revering nature＂, eco-politics concept of ＂persisting greening, diligently working for people＂, eco-obligation concept of ＂predecessor planting, descendant cooling＂ and eco-culture concept of ＂public participation, harmonious development＂. It has important value for constructing beautiful Shanxi and realizing ecological civilization to excavate and carry forward ecological ethics implication of Youyu spirit.
文摘Alienated labor, also known as labor alienation, was a concept with historical creativity, which was first raised in Marx＇ s Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844. The Manuscripts was important works of Marx, in which the social relations of capitalism private ownership were analyzed by Marx using the concept of alienated labor. A deep analysis was conducted by Marx from the specific historical facts, in which the rational kernel of the alienated problem in the social relations of capitalism was mentioned. Specifically, the alienated labor theory was analyzed from the relationship of laborers with their labor products and labor itself, human＇ s essence, and other people under the condition of the capitalist private ownership; the ＂ought to be＂ ethical characteristics of labors were expounded from the perspective of ethics, and the abnormal labor relations in the process of capitalist production were ethically reviewed and criticized. Therefore, rich economic ethics thoughts were contained in Marx＇ s analysis of the alienated labor theory.
基金Achim Rosemann was supported by funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Nos. 945539, 786641, and 788503).
文摘This essay is the starting point of a new column in Intelligent Medicine that invites interdisciplinary perspectives on the social,ethical,legal,and responsibility aspects of the use of artificial intelligence(AI)in medicine and health care.Papers in this column will examine the practical,conceptual,and policy dimensions of the use of AI for health-related purposes from comparative and international perspectives.We invite contributions from around the world in all application areas of AI for health,including health care,health research,drug development,health care system management,as well as public health and public health surveillance.The column aims to provide a forum for reflective and critical scholarship that contributes to the ongoing academic and policy debates about the development,use,governance,and implications of AI in medical and health care settings.To launch the column,we first provide an overview of recent approaches that have been developed to identify and address the effects and potential impacts of science and technology innovations on human societies and the environment.These include ethical,legal,and social implications/aspects(ELSI/A)research,responsible research and innovation(RRI),sustainability transitions research,and the use of international standard-setting instruments for responsible and open science issued by the United Nations Educational,Scientific,and Cultural Organization(UNESCO),the World Health Organization(WHO),and other international bodies.In Part Two of this essay,we discuss some of the central challenges that arise with regard to the integration of AI and big data analytics in medical and health care settings.This includes concerns regarding(i)the control,reliability,and trustworthiness of AI systems,(ii)privacy and surveillance,(iii)the impact of AI and automation on health care staffemployment and the nature of clinical work,(iv)the effects of AI on health inequalities,justice,and access to medical care,and(v)challenges related to regulation and governance.We end the essay with a call for papers and a set of questions that could be relevant for future studies.
