Methylene chloride extracts of particulates from liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) combustion appliance were studied by using Ames test, micronucleus test and inducibility of pulmonary and hepatic aryl hydrocarbon hydroxy...Methylene chloride extracts of particulates from liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) combustion appliance were studied by using Ames test, micronucleus test and inducibility of pulmonary and hepatic aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in rats. The extracts showed mutagenicity for Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98 and its derivatives TA98NR and TA98/1,8-DNP6 with or without S9 mix. The revertants in strains TA98NR and TA98/1,8-DNP6 were less than 40% and 50% of that in strain TA98 without S9 mix, respectively. Positive results were obtained in mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay. Intratracheal instillation of the extracts led to increase in pulmonary (but not hepatic) AHH and GST activities in rats. It was seen that AHH was more sensitive than GST to induction by the extracts展开更多
Background:Yuanhu Zhitong Prescription(元胡止痛方,YZP),a well-known herbal prescription for an analgesic effect,is recorded in the China Pharmacopoeia,consisting of Yanhusuo(Rhizoma Corydalis)and Baizhi(Radix Angelica...Background:Yuanhu Zhitong Prescription(元胡止痛方,YZP),a well-known herbal prescription for an analgesic effect,is recorded in the China Pharmacopoeia,consisting of Yanhusuo(Rhizoma Corydalis)and Baizhi(Radix Angelicae Dahuricae).Objective:To explore the influence of 70%EtOH extracts from Yanhusuo(Rhizoma Corydalis),Baizhi(Radix Angelicae Dahuricae)and YZP on the CYP450s,especially the differences between the single drug and prescription.Materials and methods:Cocktail probe drugs method was used to evaluate Cytochrome P450 activities in rat liver microsomes,including CYP1A2,CYP2D1,CYP2C11,CYP2C6 and CYP3A1,after rats repeatedly administrated with the extracts of Yanhusuo(Rhizoma Corydalis),Baizhi(Radix Angelicae Dahuricae)and YZP for 7 days.Results:Yanhusuo(Rhizoma Corydalis)extracts significantly increased the activities of CYP1A2,2C6 and 3A1,and inhibited that of 2D1.Baizhi(Radix Angelicae Dahuricae)extracts significantly increased the activities of CYP1A2 and inhibited that of 2D1 and 2C11.YZP extracts exhibited the same effect with single drugs.Conclusion:These results might partly interpret the TCM compatibility.Moreover,co-administration of prescriptions containing Yanhusuo(Rhizoma Corydalis),Baizhi(Radix Angelicae Dahuricae)or YZP should consider a potential herb(drug)-drug interaction medicated by the induction of CYP1A2,2C6 and 3A1 and inhibition of CYP2D1 and 2C11 enzymes.展开更多
Dickeya dadantii is the causal agent of bacterial stalk rot and one of the most destructive and widespread diseases of the sorghum in the world.Here,we explored microbe-based approaches for managing this destructive p...Dickeya dadantii is the causal agent of bacterial stalk rot and one of the most destructive and widespread diseases of the sorghum in the world.Here,we explored microbe-based approaches for managing this destructive pathogen,intending to provide alternatives for integrated disease management.The objective of the research was to decipher the effect of antagonistic microbes on systemic defense enzymes,histochemical changes,plant growth attributes,reduction in disease severity,and interaction of these antagonistic microbes with host.Trichoderma,Pseudomonas,and Bacillus isolates were collected from rhizospheric soil and characterized using morphological and molecular tools.ITS and 16S rRNA sequences were analyzed to determine the molecular characterization of all antagonist microbes,and they were identified as T.asperellum,T.viride,T.harzianum,B.subtilis,and P.flourescens.These isolates were evaluated for antibacterial properties against D.dadantii under in vitro conditions and showed the higher inhibition in a dual culture method.Further,the effects of seed bio-priming and soil application of these isolates were tested under glasshouse and field conditions.T.viride outperformed the other isolates,significantly enhancing the plant growth parameters and induced resistance to Dickeya dadantii(BSR).T.viride showed a significantly higher accumulation of defensive enzymes,viz.PAL(1.02),PO(1.70),PPO(1.25),CAT(1.11),and TPC(0.91)at 48 h after pathogen challenge,as compared to the control.Histochemical tests confirmed lignification and callose deposition in the cell walls of the treated plants.Antagonist microbes were further evaluated under field conditions against D.dadantii infection.Compared to the control,there is a significant enhancement of plant growth parameters and yield with a simultaneous decrease in disease severity in T.viride treated plants.Results showed that the potential benefits of T.viride could not only effectively induce resistance in plants,enhance plant growth,increase yield,and suppress pathogen infection but also reduce the use of hazardous pesticides.As a result of correlation,PCA and heat map analyses indicated that T.viride is interconnected to determine the crop ability to sustain its growth under pathogen stress.展开更多
文摘Methylene chloride extracts of particulates from liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) combustion appliance were studied by using Ames test, micronucleus test and inducibility of pulmonary and hepatic aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in rats. The extracts showed mutagenicity for Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98 and its derivatives TA98NR and TA98/1,8-DNP6 with or without S9 mix. The revertants in strains TA98NR and TA98/1,8-DNP6 were less than 40% and 50% of that in strain TA98 without S9 mix, respectively. Positive results were obtained in mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay. Intratracheal instillation of the extracts led to increase in pulmonary (but not hepatic) AHH and GST activities in rats. It was seen that AHH was more sensitive than GST to induction by the extracts
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China[2017YFC1702104,2017YFC1702303]National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant No.81830111 and 81774201]the Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities and Shaanxi Provincial Science and Technology Department Project[No.2016SF-378]。
文摘Background:Yuanhu Zhitong Prescription(元胡止痛方,YZP),a well-known herbal prescription for an analgesic effect,is recorded in the China Pharmacopoeia,consisting of Yanhusuo(Rhizoma Corydalis)and Baizhi(Radix Angelicae Dahuricae).Objective:To explore the influence of 70%EtOH extracts from Yanhusuo(Rhizoma Corydalis),Baizhi(Radix Angelicae Dahuricae)and YZP on the CYP450s,especially the differences between the single drug and prescription.Materials and methods:Cocktail probe drugs method was used to evaluate Cytochrome P450 activities in rat liver microsomes,including CYP1A2,CYP2D1,CYP2C11,CYP2C6 and CYP3A1,after rats repeatedly administrated with the extracts of Yanhusuo(Rhizoma Corydalis),Baizhi(Radix Angelicae Dahuricae)and YZP for 7 days.Results:Yanhusuo(Rhizoma Corydalis)extracts significantly increased the activities of CYP1A2,2C6 and 3A1,and inhibited that of 2D1.Baizhi(Radix Angelicae Dahuricae)extracts significantly increased the activities of CYP1A2 and inhibited that of 2D1 and 2C11.YZP extracts exhibited the same effect with single drugs.Conclusion:These results might partly interpret the TCM compatibility.Moreover,co-administration of prescriptions containing Yanhusuo(Rhizoma Corydalis),Baizhi(Radix Angelicae Dahuricae)or YZP should consider a potential herb(drug)-drug interaction medicated by the induction of CYP1A2,2C6 and 3A1 and inhibition of CYP2D1 and 2C11 enzymes.
基金supported by grants from the Department of Plant Pathology,G.B.P.U.A&T,Pantnagar,Uttarakhand,India(University grants).
文摘Dickeya dadantii is the causal agent of bacterial stalk rot and one of the most destructive and widespread diseases of the sorghum in the world.Here,we explored microbe-based approaches for managing this destructive pathogen,intending to provide alternatives for integrated disease management.The objective of the research was to decipher the effect of antagonistic microbes on systemic defense enzymes,histochemical changes,plant growth attributes,reduction in disease severity,and interaction of these antagonistic microbes with host.Trichoderma,Pseudomonas,and Bacillus isolates were collected from rhizospheric soil and characterized using morphological and molecular tools.ITS and 16S rRNA sequences were analyzed to determine the molecular characterization of all antagonist microbes,and they were identified as T.asperellum,T.viride,T.harzianum,B.subtilis,and P.flourescens.These isolates were evaluated for antibacterial properties against D.dadantii under in vitro conditions and showed the higher inhibition in a dual culture method.Further,the effects of seed bio-priming and soil application of these isolates were tested under glasshouse and field conditions.T.viride outperformed the other isolates,significantly enhancing the plant growth parameters and induced resistance to Dickeya dadantii(BSR).T.viride showed a significantly higher accumulation of defensive enzymes,viz.PAL(1.02),PO(1.70),PPO(1.25),CAT(1.11),and TPC(0.91)at 48 h after pathogen challenge,as compared to the control.Histochemical tests confirmed lignification and callose deposition in the cell walls of the treated plants.Antagonist microbes were further evaluated under field conditions against D.dadantii infection.Compared to the control,there is a significant enhancement of plant growth parameters and yield with a simultaneous decrease in disease severity in T.viride treated plants.Results showed that the potential benefits of T.viride could not only effectively induce resistance in plants,enhance plant growth,increase yield,and suppress pathogen infection but also reduce the use of hazardous pesticides.As a result of correlation,PCA and heat map analyses indicated that T.viride is interconnected to determine the crop ability to sustain its growth under pathogen stress.
